KR20140003678A - Integrated photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Integrated photovoltaic module Download PDF

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KR20140003678A
KR20140003678A KR1020120067338A KR20120067338A KR20140003678A KR 20140003678 A KR20140003678 A KR 20140003678A KR 1020120067338 A KR1020120067338 A KR 1020120067338A KR 20120067338 A KR20120067338 A KR 20120067338A KR 20140003678 A KR20140003678 A KR 20140003678A
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cell
bus bar
lower electrode
region
photoelectric conversion
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KR1020120067338A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101395792B1 (en
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명승엽
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인텔렉추얼디스커버리 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
    • H01L31/046—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate
    • H01L31/0463—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate characterised by special patterning methods to connect the PV cells in a module, e.g. laser cutting of the conductive or active layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/0475—PV cell arrays made by cells in a planar, e.g. repetitive, configuration on a single semiconductor substrate; PV cell microarrays
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)

Abstract

According to the present invention, an integrated photovoltaic module includes a substrate on which a lower electrode, a photoelectric conversation layer, and an upper electrode are formed, and a bus bar separated by a separation line, and a cell region. The separation line separates the photoelectric conversion layer of the bus bar region and the upper electrode from the photoelectric conversion layer of the cell and the upper electrode. Through holes for connecting the upper electrode of the bus bar to the lower electrode of the bus bar are separated for each other in the photoelectric conversion layer of the bus bar region.

Description

Integrated Photovoltaic Module < RTI ID = 0.0 >

The present invention relates to an integrated photovoltaic module.

With the recent depletion of existing energy sources such as oil and coal, interest in alternative energy sources to replace them is increasing. Among them, solar energy is attracting particular attention because it has abundant energy resources and there is no problem about environmental pollution.

A photovoltaic module that converts sunlight into electrical energy has a junction structure of a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor such as a diode. When a light is incident on a photovoltaic module, (-) charged electrons and (+) charged electrons are generated by the action, and the current flows while they move. At this time, if an electrode is formed at both ends of the bonding structure and the lead is connected, a current flows to the outside through the electrode and the lead.

In order to replace conventional energy sources such as petroleum with solar energy sources, attempts have been made to increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency by minimizing the invalid region in the photovoltaic device.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for reducing the ineffective area of the photovoltaic module and improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module and shortening the manufacturing time of the photovoltaic module.

The technical objects to be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned technical problems, and other technical subjects which are not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the present invention .

A photovoltaic module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a lower electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and an upper electrode stacked on a substrate, and includes a bus bar region and a cell region separated by a dividing line, Wherein the dividing line separates the photoelectric conversion layer and the upper electrode of the bus bar region from the photoelectric conversion layer and the upper electrode of the cell region and the photoelectric conversion layer of the bus bar region includes an upper electrode Hole for connecting the lower electrode of the bus bar region to the lower electrode of the bus bar region.

In the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention, the width of the lower electrode of the cell closest to the bus bar region among the plurality of cells may be larger than the width of the lower electrode of the remaining cells.

In the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of cells include a first cell and a second cell, and the lower electrode of the first cell and the lower electrode of the second cell are separated And a plurality of cell through holes for connecting the upper electrode of the first cell to the lower electrode of the second cell may be formed on the photoelectric conversion layer of the first cell.

According to the present invention, the upper electrode of the bus bar region is electrically connected to the lower electrode through the point contact, thereby reducing the ineffective area due to the formation of the bus bar and shortening the manufacturing time of the photovoltaic module. According to the present invention, the unit cells in the cell area of the photovoltaic module can be connected in series via the point contact, thereby reducing the ineffective area in the photovoltaic module and increasing the efficiency of the module. Further, according to the present invention, the efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

1 is a perspective view of a photovoltaic module in which a bus bar is formed according to a conventional method.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in which a bus bar is formed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3A and 3B are cross-sectional views illustrating a bus bar forming process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4A to 4F are perspective views illustrating a manufacturing process of a photovoltaic module in which a bus bar is formed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention may be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. The shape and the size of the elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation and the same reference numerals are used for the same elements and the same elements are denoted by the same quote symbols as possible even if they are displayed on different drawings Should be. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the subject matter of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view of a photovoltaic module in which a bus bar is formed according to a conventional method. Although the shapes of the lower electrode separation groove P1, the through hole T2, the separation groove (or the cell through hole P2), and the upper separation groove P3 are displayed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic module in Fig. 1 and the following drawings This is for convenience of explanation, and the shapes may not be observed at the upper surface.

1, a lower electrode 200, a photoelectric conversion layer 300, and an upper electrode 400 are sequentially formed on a substrate 100. The photovoltaic module of FIG. A lower electrode isolation groove P1 is formed to penetrate the lower electrode 200 to prevent a short circuit between the lower electrodes 200. [ And a separation groove P2 through which the photoelectric conversion layer 300 is formed is formed. An upper separation groove P3 penetrating the photoelectric conversion layer 300 and the upper electrode 400 is formed so that a plurality of unit cells UC1, UC2, ..., UCn, The outermost cell is formed.

The unit cells UC1, UC2, ..., UCn adjacent to each other are connected in series by the separation grooves P2 that connect the upper electrode 400 and the lower electrode 200 to each other and function as electron transfer paths. That is, the upper electrode 400 of the first unit cell UC1 and the lower electrode 200 of the second unit cell UC2 are connected to each other through the separation groove P2, The second unit cells UC2 are connected in series. This serial connection can be made between all adjacent unit cells. This series connection is also made between the first unit cell UC1 and the outermost cell.

The bus bars 510 and 520 are formed on the upper electrode 400 so as to be electrically connected to the lower electrode 200 and the upper electrode 400 of the photovoltaic module, Is supplied from the electrode (200) and the upper electrode (400). At this time, the bus bars 510 and 520 may be connected to a connection (not shown) so as to supply electricity generated from the photoelectric conversion layer 300 to the outside by irradiation of light.

First and second bus bars 510 and 520 are formed on the upper electrode 400 at both ends of the photovoltaic module. The second bus bar 520 is formed on the upper electrode 400 of the n-th unit cell UCn and receives electricity from the upper electrode 400. The n-th unit cell UCn formed with the second bus bar 520 is an effective region for performing photoelectric conversion.

However, the first bus bar 510 is formed on the upper electrode 400 of the leftmost outermost cell to receive electricity from the lower electrode 200 of the first unit cell UC1. At this time, since the lower electrode 200 of the outermost cell is floating, the outermost cell can not perform photoelectric conversion and becomes a dead zone.

The width of the first bus bar 510 is 2 to 3 mm, but the entire outermost cell in which the first bus bar 510 is formed becomes an invalid area. Generally, the width of a unit cell including the outermost cell corresponds to 6 to 15 mm. Accordingly, it can be seen that an area corresponding to one unit cell, which is significantly larger than the width of the first bus bar 510, is an invalid area for forming the first bus bar 510.

The upper electrode 400 formed with the first bus bar 510 is connected to the lower electrode 300 through a point contact so that the first bus bar 510 is formed The efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be increased and the manufacturing time of the photovoltaic module can be shortened.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in which a first bus bar 510 is formed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. A bus bar formed according to an embodiment of the present invention may be applied to either one of the ends of the photovoltaic module. FIG. 2 shows only one end of a photovoltaic module in which a first bus bar 510 according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed. The formation of the bus bar at the other end of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention may refer to the second bus bar 520 described with reference to FIG.

A photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which a lower electrode 200, a photoelectric conversion layer 300, and an upper electrode 400 are stacked on a substrate 100.

As shown in FIG. 2, the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a bus bar region (denoted by a dead zone) and a cell region separated by a dividing line P4. The cell region may include a plurality of cells UC1, UC2, ..., UCn as the right region from the dividing line P4. The bus bar area is an area where the bus bar 510 is formed as a left area from the partition line P4. The separation line P4 separates the photoelectric conversion layer 300 and the upper electrode 400 of the bus bar region from the photoelectric conversion layer 300 and the upper electrode 400 in the cell region. The bus bar region and the first unit cell UC1 of the cell region are prevented from being short-circuited through the separation line P4. Accordingly, the lower electrode 200 of the first unit cell UC1 is floated, and the first unit cell UC1 can be prevented from becoming an invalid region.

A bus bar 510 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be formed on the upper electrode 400 of the bus bar region. The bus bar region formed with the bus bar 510 in the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention does not have the form of a unit cell and only the upper electrode 400 is connected to the lower electrode 300 through the through hole T2 ) Are formed. At this time, among the plurality of cells in the cell region, the cell closest to the bus bar region, that is, the lower electrode 200 of the first unit cell UC1 extends to the bus bar region. The upper electrode 400 of the bus bar region is electrically connected to the lower electrode 300 of the bus bar region through the through hole T2 so that the bus bar 510 is electrically connected to the lower electrode of the first unit cell UC1 200, respectively.

The bus bar 510 is connected to the lower electrode 200 of the first unit cell UC1 while the lower electrode of the first unit cell UC1 is floated and the first unit cell UC1 is not rendered ineffective, UC1, UC2, ..., UCn connected in series via the plurality of unit cells UC1, UC2, ..., UCn.

In the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention, the width A1 of the lower electrode of the first unit cell UC1, which is the closest cell to the bus bar region, is smaller than the width A1 of the lower unit electrode UC2, ..., May be greater than the width (A2) This is because the lower electrode 200 of the first unit cell UC1 extends to the bus bar region to form the lower electrode of the bus bar region.

The difference between the width A1 of the lower electrode of the first unit cell UC1 and the width A2 of the lower electrode of the remaining unit cells UC2, ..., UCn may be 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less. The separation line P4 and the through hole T2 may be formed in the remaining portion where the first unit cell UC1 is formed when the difference value is maintained at 2 mm or more and a width for forming the bus bar 510 may be secured . When the difference is 5 mm or less, an ineffective area reduction effect for forming the bus bar 510 can be obtained.

The upper electrode 400 may be electrically connected to the lower electrode 200 through the through hole T2 in the bus bar region where the bus bar 510 is formed in the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the through holes T2 are not formed along the straight line 320 like the separation grooves P2 shown in FIG. 1, but are formed in point contact form.

3A and 3B are cross-sectional views illustrating a process of forming a bus bar 510 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the lower electrode 200 and the photoelectric conversion layer 300 are formed on the substrate 100 in the same manner as the cell region in the bus bar region. Thereafter, a plurality of through holes T2 are formed in the photoelectric conversion layer 300 in the bus bar region. At this time, the through hole T2 may be formed simultaneously with the step of forming the separation groove P2 in the cell region. However, as shown in FIG. 1, the separation grooves P2 are formed in the shape of a line 320, but the through holes T2 are formed in a point contact shape. In the bus bar region, the upper electrode 400 may be connected to the lower electrode 200 through the through hole T2. In this specification, the through hole T2 is a point shape, but is merely an example. If the plurality of through holes T2 are formed spaced apart, the through hole T2 may extend in one direction May be linear.

In the photovoltaic module in which the upper electrode 400 and the lower electrode 200 are connected through the point contact in the bus bar region according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is important to form the through holes T2 in an appropriate number. If the number of the through holes T2 is too large, the manufacturing time becomes long and the number of the through holes T2 becomes too small as in the case of the linear laser scribing, the efficiency of the photovoltaic module is lowered due to generation of joule heat and re- It can be. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the distance between the plurality of through holes T2 and the number of the through holes T2 in the bus bar region of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention, the distance d between two adjacent through holes T2 of the plurality of through holes T2 may be 1 mm or more and 5 cm or less. In other words, by forming the through holes T2 in a point shape away from the line shape, the tact time for forming the through holes T2 by the laser scribing can be reduced. When the distance d between the through holes T2 is maintained at 1 mm or more, the manufacturing time can be shortened due to the reduction of the tack time. If the distance d between the through holes T2 is maintained at 5 cm or less, the efficiency reduction of the photovoltaic module due to generation and rejoining of the joule heat can be prevented.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the upper electrode 400 is formed in the same manner as in the cell region after the through hole T2 is formed in the bus bar region. In the bus bar region, the upper electrode 400 is in electrical contact with the lower electrode 200 through the through hole T2. Then, a separation line P4 for separating the cell region and the bus bar region can be formed, for example, through laser scribing. The separation line P4 is provided to prevent the upper electrode 400 of the cell region and the bus bar 510 from being short-circuited.

A bus bar 510 is formed on the upper electrode 400 of the bus bar region. The bus bar 510 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be applied on the upper electrode 400 through a conductive paste such as silver paste and then be attached through firing or soldering. Bus bar 510 may be a metal bus bar, such as copper (Cu). In order to prevent a short circuit between the upper electrode 400 of the first unit cell UC1 closest to the bus bar region and the upper electrode 400 of the first unit cell UC1 before forming the bus bar 510, 400 may be coated with an insulating paste.

Also, the bus bar 510 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be formed by printing conductive ink. In this case, there is no need to coat the insulating paste on the upper electrode 400 of the first unit cell UC1.

A cross section taken along the line A-A 'in Fig. 3B may correspond to Fig.

As described above, the photovoltaic module including the bus bar 510 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to any type of photovoltaic module. For example, the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention may be any thin film type photovoltaic module such as an amorphous silicon-based, compound-based, organic-based and dye-sensitized solar cell. In addition, the photovoltaic module of the present invention may be a single junction and multiple junction photovoltaic power module.

The bus bar 510 formed in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a bus bar at one end of each submodule in a photovoltaic module having a plurality of submodules connected in series or in parallel.

The bus bar 510 formed in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention is effective in reducing invalid area when the bus bar 510 is applied to a photovoltaic module in which a plurality of unit cells UC1, UC2, ..., UCn are connected in series through a point contact, The efficiency increase effect of the photovoltaic module can be maximized.

4A to 4F are perspective views illustrating a manufacturing process of a photovoltaic module in which a bus bar is formed according to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, FIGS. 4A to 4F illustrate a case where a bus bar 510 according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed in a photovoltaic module in which a plurality of unit cells UC1, UC2, ..., UCn are connected in series through a point contact .

As shown in FIG. 4A, a lower electrode 200 is formed on a substrate 100. The substrate 100 may be an insulating transparent substrate. When the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention performs photoelectric conversion by light irradiated from the upper electrode 400 side, the substrate 100 may be an opaque insulating substrate. In addition, the substrate 100 may be a flexible substrate.

The lower electrode 200 may be a transparent electrode including tin oxide (SnO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium tin oxide (ITO), or the like. When the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention performs photoelectric conversion by light irradiated from the upper electrode 400, the lower electrode 200 may be an opaque electrode.

4B, a laser is irradiated to the lower electrode 200 side or the substrate 100 side in the atmosphere, and the lower electrode 200 is scribed. Thus, the lower electrode separation groove P1 for passing through the lower electrode 200 is formed along the first line 220, for example, a straight line. That is, since the lower electrodes 200 are separated from each other by the lower electrode separation grooves P1, shorting between the adjacent lower electrodes 200 is prevented. At this time, the width A1 of the lower electrode of the first unit cell, which forms the bus bar region while forming the cell closest to the bus bar region in the cell region, is designed to be larger than the width A2 of the lower electrode of the remaining cells .

4C, after the photoelectric conversion layer 300 is formed on the lower electrode 200, the through hole T2 of the bus bar region and the cell through hole P2 of the cell region are formed. At this time, the photoelectric conversion layer 300 may also be formed on the lower electrode isolation groove P1. At this time, the photoelectric conversion layer 300 may be formed by stacking one unit cell or a plurality of unit cells. When the photoelectric conversion layer 300 has a plurality of unit cells stacked, an intermediate reflector may be included between the plurality of unit cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The photoelectric conversion layer 300 may include any material that converts incident light energy into electric energy. For example, the photoelectric conversion layer 300 may include a photoelectric conversion material capable of forming a thin film type photovoltaic module such as an amorphous silicon series, a compound series, an organic series, and a dye-sensitized solar cell.

In the intermediate reflector, a part of the light passing through the unit cell layer in which light is first incident is reflected to the unit cell layer in which the light is incident first, and a part of the light is passed through the remaining unit cell layers. Accordingly, the amount of light absorbed by the unit cell layer in which the light first enters is increased, so that the current generated in the unit cell layer can be increased.

After the photoelectric conversion layer 300 is formed, a laser is irradiated to the substrate 100 side and the photoelectric conversion layer 300 side in the atmosphere, and the photoelectric conversion layer 300 is scribed. Thereby, a plurality of cell through holes (P2) passing through the photoelectric conversion layer (300) are formed. At the same time, a plurality of through holes (T2) passing through the photoelectric conversion layer (300) of the bus bar region are formed. The cell through holes P2 and the through holes T2 are not formed along the straight line unlike the prior art. The cell through holes P2 and the through holes T2 are formed spaced apart from each other in a point shape having a predetermined width. If the plurality of cell through holes P2 and the through holes T2 are formed spaced apart from each other, the cell through holes P2 and the through holes T2 may be segmented straight shapes extending in one direction. A plurality of cell through holes P2 may be formed on one side of the lower electrode separation groove P1. A series connection is made between the unit cells in the photovoltaic module through the thus formed cell through hole P2.

4D, an upper electrode 400 covering the photoelectric conversion layer 300, the cell through hole P2, and the through hole T2 is formed. The upper electrode 400 may include a conductive material which functions well as a light reflecting material. For example, the conductive material forming the upper electrode 400 may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Ag, Au, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pt, (Pd) or chromium (Cr), or the like.

In addition, when the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention performs photoelectric conversion by light irradiated from the upper electrode 400, the upper electrode 400 may be formed of a transparent conductive material. In this case, the lower electrode 200 may include a conductive material for reflecting light and serving as an electrode.

As shown in FIG. 4E, a laser is irradiated in the air to scribe the photoelectric conversion layer 300 and the upper electrode 400. Accordingly, an upper isolation groove P3 extending through the photoelectric conversion layer 300 and the upper electrode 400 in the cell region may be formed along the second line 420. [ The second line 420 follows the same path as the first line 220 except that it surrounds the cell through hole P2 in the form of a point. That is, the upper separation groove P3 is formed to pass over the lower electrode separation groove P1 except for the portion surrounding the through hole P2. Unit cells UC1 and UC2 are defined through the upper separation groove P3. In addition, a separation line P4 separating the cell region and the bus bar region together with the step of forming the upper separation groove P3 or separately can be formed in the same manner as the method of forming the upper separation groove P3.

A plurality of cell through holes P2 passing through the photoelectric conversion layer 300 in the cell region are formed on one side of the lower electrode separation groove P1 as a point shape having a predetermined width instead of a straight line shape . The adjacent unit cells UC1 and UC2 are connected in series through the cell through-hole P2. That is, the upper electrode 400 of the first unit cell UC1 and the lower electrode 200 of the second unit cell UC2 are connected to each other through the cell through hole P2, UC1 and the second unit cell UC2 may be connected in series. Similarly, a plurality of unit cells UC1, UC2, ..., UCn in the cell region can be connected in series through the cell through hole P2.

4E, the first line 220 in which the lower electrode separation groove P1 is formed and the second line 420 in which the upper separation groove P3 is formed are overlapped except for a specific region, Therefore, the ineffective area of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention can be reduced. In addition, since the cell through holes P2 for connecting the unit cells in the cell area of the photovoltaic module in series are formed at a predetermined interval in a point contact form, the ineffective area of the photovoltaic module can be further reduced. Therefore, since the area of the effective area is increased compared to the same area, an improvement in the relative current value can be seen.

The lower electrode separation groove P1 is formed along the first line 220 and the upper separation groove P3 is formed along the second line 420 in the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention, But it is also possible that the lower electrode separation groove P1 is formed along the second line 420 and the upper isolation groove P3 is formed along the first line 220. [

Although the width of the lower electrode separation groove P1 is shown to be wider than the width of the upper separation groove P3 in the process of manufacturing the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention, The width of the separation groove P1 may be equal to or smaller than the width of the upper separation groove P3.

In a photovoltaic module including a plurality of cells serially connected to each other through a point contact in a cell region, it is important to form the cell through-holes P2 in an appropriate number. If the number of the cell through holes P2 is too large, the ineffective area increases as in the case of the linear laser scribing, so that the effect of sufficient current rise can not be obtained. Also, since the upper separation groove P3 formed by the laser scribing is formed so as to surround the cell through-hole P2, the manufacturing time can be increased. If the number of the cell through holes P2 is too small, the number of paths through which electrons must move to the lower electrode increases, thereby increasing the resistance and joule heat and reducing the fill factor. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the distance between the plurality of cell through holes P2 formed between two adjacent unit cells and the number of the cell through holes P2.

In the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention, the distance d between the cell through holes P2 is preferably 1 mm or more and 5 cm or less. If the distance d is smaller than 1 mm, the ineffective area increases, so that a sufficient current rise effect can not be obtained and the manufacturing time can be increased. If the distance d is greater than 5 cm, the path through which the electrons must travel to the lower electrode increases, thereby increasing the resistance and the thermal expansion coefficient, thereby reducing the fill factor of the photovoltaic power module.

In the cell area of the photovoltaic module according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the second line 420 surrounding the cell through-hole P2 is the same as the shape of the second line 420 from the cell- Can be determined to be as short as possible. The movement distance from the cell through-hole P2 to the upper separation groove P3 surrounding the cell through-hole P2 must be short to minimize heat generation. In addition, the shape can uniformly form the distance from the cell through hole P2, and minimize the ineffective area generated therefrom. For example, the upper separation groove P3 surrounding the cell through-hole P2 may have a shape of a part of a circle. For example, the second line 420 surrounds the cell through hole P2 in the form of a partial circle or an ellipse. In addition, the second line 420 may surround the cell through-hole P2 in the form of a partial polygon. At this time, the shape of the polygon may include a shape such as a triangle, a pentagon, or the like.

The point shape of the cell through-hole P2 may also have a circular, elliptical or polygonal shape depending on the shape of the surrounding cell through-hole P2. By matching the shape of the cell through hole P2 with the shape surrounding the cell through hole P2 as described above, electrons from the cell through hole P2 can pass through the second line 420 surrounding the cell through hole P2, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > and / or < / RTI > uniformity.

As shown in FIG. 4F, a first bus bar 510 according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed on the upper electrode 400 of the bus bar area labeled " Dead Zone " in FIG. 4E. In FIG. 4F, a second bus bar 520 is formed on the upper right side of the photovoltaic module. Since the unit cell of the area where the second bus bar 520 is formed corresponds to the effective area, it is not necessary to form the bus bar according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In FIGS. 4A to 4F, the cell through hole P2 in the cell region and the through hole T2 in the bus bar region are aligned with each other. However, it is not necessary that the cell through hole P2 and the through hole T2 are matched with each other.

In FIG. 4F, the positions of the cell through holes P2 and the through holes T2 are matched to each other. Thus, when the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 4F is cut along the line a-a ' And the through hole T2. The left part of the section along line a-a 'of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 4f has the same shape as the section shown in FIG.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the upper electrode of the bus bar region is electrically connected to the lower electrode through the point contact, the void area due to the formation of the bus bar can be reduced and the manufacturing time of the photovoltaic module can be shortened Can be shortened. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the unit cells in the cell area of the photovoltaic module are connected in series through the point contact, thereby reducing the ineffective area in the photovoltaic module, thereby increasing the efficiency of the module. Further, according to the present invention, the efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. will be. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, It is intended that all changes and modifications derived from the equivalent concept be included within the scope of the present invention.

100: substrate
200: lower electrode
220: First line
300: photoelectric conversion layer
400: upper electrode
420: second line
510, 520: bus bar

Claims (11)

1. A photovoltaic module in which a lower electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and an upper electrode are laminated on a substrate,
Wherein the photovoltaic module includes a bus bar region and a cell region separated by a separation line,
Wherein the cell region includes a plurality of cells and the dividing line separates the photoelectric conversion layer and the upper electrode of the bus bar region from the photoelectric conversion layer and the upper electrode of the cell region,
A plurality of through holes for connecting the upper electrode of the bus bar region to the lower electrode of the bus bar region are formed in the photoelectric conversion layer of the bus bar region,
And a bus bar formed on an upper electrode of the bus bar region,
Integrated photovoltaic modules. The method of claim 1,
Wherein a width of a lower electrode of a cell closest to the bus bar region among the plurality of cells is larger than a width of a lower electrode of the remaining cells and a lower electrode of the nearest cell extends to the bus bar region. Photovoltaic modules. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the difference between the width of the lower electrode of the nearest cell and the width of the lower electrode of the remaining cell is 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less. The method of claim 1,
Wherein a distance between two adjacent through holes of the through holes is 1 mm or more and 5 cm or less. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The plurality of cells including a first cell and a second cell,
The lower electrode of the first cell and the lower electrode of the second cell are separated by the lower electrode separation groove,
Wherein a plurality of cell through holes for connecting the upper electrode of the first cell to the lower electrode of the second cell are formed in the photoelectric conversion layer of the first cell. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the photoelectric conversion layer and the upper electrode of the first cell and the photoelectric conversion layer and the upper electrode of the second cell are separated by an upper separation groove and a part of the upper separation groove passes over the lower electrode separation groove An integrated photovoltaic power module. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein one of the lower electrode separation groove and the upper separation groove has a linear shape. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the lower electrode separating groove and the other separating groove of the upper electrode separating groove have a shape of a partial circle or an ellipse in a region where the upper separating groove does not pass over the lower electrode separating groove. . The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the lower electrode separating groove and the separating groove of the other one of the upper separating grooves have a partial polygonal shape in a region where the upper separating groove does not pass over the lower electrode separating groove. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein the bus bar is formed by printing conductive ink. The method of claim 1,
And an insulating paste is coated on the upper electrode of the cell closest to the bus bar region among the plurality of cells.
KR1020120067338A 2012-06-22 2012-06-22 Integrated Photovoltaic Module KR101395792B1 (en)

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