KR20130123888A - Salt manufacturing, seawater desalination and electricity generation system using solar energy - Google Patents

Abstract

A generation system producing salt and fresh water by using solar energy is disclosed. The generation system of the present invention comprises: a solar energy regenerative unit forming overheated fluid by pressurizing fluid and heating it with the solar energy in a facility generating power by using seawater and generating salt; and a generation saltpan unit evaporating water from the seawater by using heat supplied from the solar energy and the overheated fluid to generate the salt and generating the power with the generated vapor.

Description

Salt Manufacturing, Seawater Desalination And Electricity Generation System Using Solar Energy}

The present invention is a solar solar salt and fresh water production system, more specifically, by generating a steam formed by evaporating seawater using superheated fluid and sunlight formed by pressurizing the fluid to heat solar heat, and salt and fresh water from seawater It relates to a solar solar salt and fresh water production system that can be produced.

1. Salt is an important cation in human extracellular fluid, which regulates osmotic pressure of body fluids, is involved in acidic acid equilibrium, and becomes a neurostimulatory transporter. Because of its pure salty taste, it is widely used as a seasoning to flavor foods and increase shelf life.

Salt can be divided into natural salt, rock salt, mechanical salt, remanufacturing salt, and processed salt, depending on the manufacturing method. Especially, natural salt is an alkaline salt that is good for the body and has low oxidation, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K). It is widely used because it contains various minerals.

Natural sea salt in Korea is one of the world's five largest tidal flats, which are based on mineral-rich tidal flat saltwater, which is one of the world's five largest tidal flats: the eastern coast of Canada, the eastern coast of the United States, the north coast of Germany, the Amazon river basin of Brazil, and the west coast of Korea.

Current general salt salt production is produced by introducing seawater into the saltfield and then evaporating moisture and harmful components contained in the seawater using the sun and wind. These salts are produced in regions where the difference between tides is relatively large, and the incoming seawater passes through reservoirs, evaporators, and crystallites in order to produce salt. At high tide, the seawater introduced into the reservoirs is concentrated in the evaporators. It is made of brine and then formed into crystals of salt in crystal paper.

1 is a conventional photo of salt salt to produce sun salt.

Since the salt is produced through natural evaporation process, it takes about 20 days to obtain the natural salt from the sea water, and it is difficult to produce a large amount of salt in a short time, and natural conditions such as sunshine and season There was a problem such as a significant restriction in production.

Meanwhile, there is suicide among salts produced in the traditional way. It is produced by placing seawater in a cauldron and boiling to obtain salt. This self-producing method has a problem of using fossil fuels or other fuels and the environmental pollution, and the production scale is also limited.

2. Generally, the process of separating freshwater from seawater is divided into thermal energy, mechanical / electrical energy, and renewable energy system according to the energy source. Depending on the freshwater manufacturing method, evaporation / distillation method, reverse osmosis method, freezing method, and electrodialysis are used. Law, etc. Among them, the solar water desalination method is divided into a single-use system using one evaporator and a multi-stage utility system employing several evaporators to increase freshwater yield. Such multi-stage systems are classified into multi-stage flash distillation (MSF) and multi-effect evaporation (MED). This approach has been applied to large systems that use hot steam or produce large quantities of fresh water.

Figure 2 schematically shows an example of a conventional seawater desalination apparatus utilizing the steam generator.

In a conventional seawater desalination apparatus utilizing steam discharged from a power generation facility, a recycling brine is condenser (4) of each heat recovery section by a brine recirculation pump. It flows inside the Brine Heater (2) and flows using the steam supplied from the power plant (1) flowing outside the seawater heater (2) tube.

The heated circulating brine is sequentially introduced into a flash chamber 3 of a stage that is maintained at a low pressure. When heated circulating brine is introduced, low pressure around the evaporation chamber 3 leads to intense evaporation, which continues while the circulating brine is cooled to a boiling point corresponding to the pressure of the stage. Then, it enters the next stage and repeats this process, and the concentration gradually increases.

To reach the final stage, some are discharged out of the Brine Blowdown Pump to adjust the concentration of the total circulating brine. The resulting steam removes grains of salt that may be contained past the demister (5). Then, it is condensed into fresh water by the circulating concentrated brine flowing into the condenser 4 part of the stage and flowing inside the tube.

Since the conventional seawater desalination apparatus needs to increase the heat transfer area and the number of stages in the evaporator in order to improve the thermal efficiency, it takes up a lot of installation space, and the manufacturing cost is increased, as well as fossil fuel for driving the seawater heater. Was needed. In the case of using steam generated in a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant, the use of fossil or nuclear fuel and the resulting environmental pollution, waste generation, etc. are followed. In addition, as seen in the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent Fukushima nuclear disaster, the risks associated with the installation of nuclear power plants are also a problem.

In addition, since the relatively high temperature of the steam is used as the heat source for heating, the steam pressure of the steam generated from the seawater is relatively small, and thus it is difficult to use it for power generation.

The present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, a system capable of producing salt by heat-exchanging the superheated fluid formed by the heating using the pressurization and solar heat in sea salt and salt water, the power generated through the generated steam and desalination By solving the problem of environmental pollution and safety of power generation and desalination systems using conventional fossil fuels or nuclear power, and solving the problems of irregularity and difficulty in production of natural salt and fresh water due to the changes in the amount of sunlight of conventional salt and fresh water production methods. I would like to.

According to an aspect of the present invention, in the power generation and salt generating equipment using sea water,

A solar heat storage unit configured to pressurize the fluid and heat the solar heat to form a superheated fluid; And

Solar solar salt and fresh water production system is provided comprising a power generation salt portion that evaporates water from seawater using solar light and heat supplied from the superheated fluid to produce salt and generate steam.

The solar heat storage unit may include a pressurization facility for increasing the pressure of the fluid supplied to form the superheated fluid, and a solar heater connected to the pressurization facility to heat the fluid with solar heat to form the superheated fluid.

The solar heat storage unit may further include a superheated fluid tank in which the superheated fluid is stored, and a motor driving valve provided in a flow path connected to the superheated fluid tank and controlling circulation of the superheated fluid.

The power generation salt portion is provided with salt salt which evaporates water from seawater to generate salt, a heating pipe which is provided at the bottom of the salt field, and the superheated fluid circulates, and is provided on an upper portion of the salt field to collect steam generated from the salt field. It may include a collecting roof and a turbine generator for generating power by receiving the water vapor collected from the collecting roof.

The collecting roof may be made of a transparent material through which sunlight can pass.

The collecting roof has a structure having a roof and a wall to seal the saltfield, and thus, water vapor generated in the saltfield may be collected.

The power generation salt portion may include a condenser for changing the water vapor discharged from the turbine generator into water, and a fresh water storage tank for storing the water generated by the condenser.

According to another aspect of the invention, in the salt and electricity generation method using sea water,

1) heating the fluid with solar heat to form a superheated fluid;

2) salt is produced by evaporating water from seawater using sunlight and heat supplied from the superheated fluid; And

3) Provided is a solar solar salt and fresh water production and development method comprising the step of generating water by driving a turbine by collecting steam formed by evaporating sea water.

Solar solar salt and fresh water production method may further comprise the step 4) to produce fresh water by generating electricity and condensing the discharged water vapor.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the salt and fresh water generation power generation method using sea water, the fluid is heated by solar heat to form and store a superheated fluid, and when the solar heat is not available, the sea water is supplied to the salt to overheat the heat. The solar heat transfer salt and fresh water production method is characterized by producing salt by heat-exchanging with the fluid to produce salt, and condensing the discharged steam after generating power from the steam formed in the salt field.

The superheated fluid may be formed by raising the boiling point by pressurizing the fluid.

Solar solar salt and fresh water production system of the present invention, by supplying the superheated fluid formed by the pressurization and heating using solar heat to the salt water of salt water can shorten the salt production time within a few days, utilizing the steam generated in the salt field It is possible to produce salt and fresh water irrespective of season or sunshine, and is useful for supplying fresh water and electric power to islands and coastal areas.

1 is a conventional photo of salt salt to produce sun salt.
Figure 2 is a view schematically showing an example of a conventional seawater desalination apparatus utilizing the steam generator.
Figure 3 is a schematic system diagram of a solar solar salt and fresh water production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view schematically showing only the solar heat storage unit of FIG.

In order to fully understand the present invention, operational advantages of the present invention, and objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 3 is a schematic system diagram of a solar solar salt and fresh water production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the solar solar salt and fresh water production system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is a solar heat generation system that generates superheated fluid by pressurizing a fluid to heat solar heat in a power generation and salt generation facility using sea water. The heat storage unit 100 and a power generation salt unit 200 for generating water by generating evaporated salt by evaporating water from the seawater using heat supplied from solar light and a superheated fluid.

The superheated fluid described in this embodiment is used as a concept including a superheated gas and a superheated liquid. Here, superheated liquid refers to a liquid that maintains a liquid state without being vaporized even when the temperature reaches a boiling point or more as the external pressure rises.

This is based on the following principle.

Boyle-Charles' Law defines Bohr's law that the gas pressure is inversely proportional to the volume when the temperature is constant, and Charles's law that the volume of the gas is proportional to the increase in temperature when the pressure is constant And the relationship between temperature, pressure, and volume at the same time.

This is expressed by the following equation.

In the above equation, k is constant.

Therefore, in order to satisfy the above equation, it can be seen that when the pressure rises, the corresponding temperature must also rise.

The boiling point of the liquid is the temperature at which the internal pressure of the gas and the external pressure become the same when the liquid evaporates. Applying this to the above equation, it is concluded that the boiling point of the liquid should rise when the external pressure rises.

The present invention utilizes the boiling point ascending principle by such a pressure rise. That is, the pressure is increased through the pressurizing device 110 to increase the boiling point of the fluid, and heat the solar heat to form a superheated fluid heated above the original boiling point, and then heat exchange it with seawater in the salt field 210 to generate steam. By using for power generation and desalination, salt (210) will be obtained salt.

The solar heat storage unit 100 is a pressurization device 110 for increasing the pressure of the fluid supplied to form the superheated fluid, and a solar heater 120 connected to the pressurization device 110 to heat the fluid with solar heat to form the superheated fluid. ) May be included.

Pressurizing equipment 110 may be made of a variety of equipment, including a pump for pressurization as shown in Figure 3 of the present embodiment, if only one can not achieve the desired pressure effect, a suitable pressurized equipment may be additionally provided. Can be.

Further examples of such pressurization installations are pressurized tanks using position heads. Potential head refers to the potential energy, or potential energy, of a fluid. That is, by placing the pressurized tank higher than the pressurized pump, the fluid stored in the pressurized tank has the potential energy according to the height, and the positional pressure increases the introduction pressure of the fluid flowing into the pressurized pump through the stored energy of the stored fluid. It can be called a principle.

In the case of installing the pressurized tank, the pressurization effect due to the position head may vary according to the installation height. Therefore, the installation height and the installation scale of the pressurization tank may be selected in consideration of the pressurization effect due to the size of the system and the position head.

The degree of pressure rise by the pressurizing device 110 may be determined in consideration of the desired boiling point rise effect, and may be selected from pressures below the critical point of the introduced fluid.

As an example, when the fluid introduced is water, the critical points are 225.56 kgf / cm 2, 374.15 ° C., and up to a maximum temperature of about 370 ° C. above 100 ° C. using the pressurization facility 110 and the solar heater 120 of the present embodiment. Hot water of can be formed.

The solar heat storage unit 100 may further include a superheated fluid tank 130 in which superheated fluid is stored, and a motor driving valve 140 provided in a flow path connected to the superheated fluid tank 130 to control circulation of the superheated fluid. Can be.

Due to the installation of the superheated fluid tank 130, it is possible to stably supply the superheated fluid to operate the system even in a situation where it is difficult to form the superheated fluid using solar heat, for example, at night or during a rainy season.

The power generation salt field 200 is provided with salt salt 210 to generate salt by evaporating water from the seawater, and a heating pipe 220 provided at the bottom of the salt field 210 and circulating with superheated fluid, and salt salt 210. It is provided on the top of the collecting roof 230 to collect the steam generated in the salt field 210 and may include a turbine generator 240 for generating power by receiving the water vapor collected from the collecting roof 230.

The collecting roof 230 may be made of a transparent material through which sunlight can pass.

By installing the collecting roof 230 made of a transparent material, as well as the traditional salt farm, it has the effect of evaporation by natural light and also prevents impurities or contaminants from entering during salt production.

Although the collecting roof 230 is represented as a roof, the collection roof 230 may include a wall to completely enclose the salt field 210. This is because in order to drive the turbine generator 240, steam generated in the salt field 210 should be collected without loss as much as possible.

Since the superheated fluid heated by solar heat is at a substantial high temperature as described above, the seawater in the salt field 210 evaporates in a short time, and thus the water vapor generated by heat exchange with the superheated fluid and sunlight has a significant enthalpy. Therefore, unlike the conventional salt farm, it is possible to drive the turbine generator 240 to produce power.

If necessary, in order to increase the efficiency of the turbine generator 240, it is possible to increase the dryness of the formed water vapor or to make superheated steam.

Dryness refers to the weight ratio of dry saturated vapor in wet saturated steam. Dried saturated steam is saturated steam that contains no water at all, and the dryness is 1. That is, the dryness refers to a moisture content indicating how much moisture is contained in the wet saturated steam. If 1 kg of wet saturated steam contains x kg of dry saturated steam, the moisture content is (1-x) kg. The dryness is x. The dryness shows the relationship between latent heat capacity and enthalpy.

For example, if a superheated fluid stored in the superheated fluid tank 130 is additionally provided with a flow path that can exchange heat with water vapor before being introduced into the turbine generator 240, the water vapor is simply dried and enthalpy through heat exchange with the superheated superheated fluid. Increases, the degree of superheat can be increased or converted to superheated steam. When this is introduced into the turbine generator 240 and used for power generation, power generation efficiency can be increased.

The power generation salt generating unit 200 may include a condenser 250 for changing the water vapor discharged from the turbine generator 240 into water and a fresh water storage tank 260 for storing the water generated by the condenser 250.

Seawater can be easily obtained, but in islands and coastal areas where it is difficult to obtain freshwater and is difficult to supply power, it can be very useful because electricity and fresh water can be obtained while producing sun salt by installing the system of this embodiment. Salt produced by the system of the present embodiment has the characteristics of both the natural salt and the self-producing method at the same time, so it was expressed as a natural sun salt.

The fluid of the present embodiment may be selected from the group including water and seawater. If a fluid having a high molar concentration such as seawater is selected, the boiling point rise effect thereof may also be formed, thereby more effectively forming a superheated fluid.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the solar solar salt and fresh water production method is a salt and electricity generation method using sea water,

1) heating the fluid with solar heat to form a superheated fluid;

2) salt is produced by evaporating water from seawater using heat supplied from solar and superheated fluids; And

3) collecting water vapor formed by evaporating seawater to drive a turbine to generate electricity.

Solar solar salt and fresh water production method may further comprise the step 4) to produce fresh water by generating electricity and condensing the discharged water vapor.

According to another aspect of the present invention, solar solar salt and fresh water production and power generation method, salt and fresh water generation power generation method using sea water, heating the fluid by solar heat to form and store the superheated fluid, solar heat is not available In this case, the seawater is supplied to the saltwater to exchange heat with the superheated fluid to produce salt, and the steam generated in the saltwater is generated to condense the discharged steam to produce fresh water.

Superheated fluid may be formed by raising the boiling point by pressurizing the fluid.

This embodiment provides a solar solar salt and fresh water production system using superheated fluid formed by pressurization and heating using solar heat to evaporate seawater in saltfield, thereby utilizing fossil fuels or nuclear power by utilizing the vapor pressure of steam generated in saltwater. Eco-friendly and safe power generation is possible.

In this embodiment, by using the circulation of superheated fluid and solar heat at the same time, it is possible to shorten the production time of natural salt, which took 20 days or more, in a few days, and to solve the limitation of the production of natural salt according to natural conditions such as sunshine and season. have. As the salt production time is dramatically shortened, the possibility of influx of contaminants or impurities, which may be accompanied by prolonged exposure to the external environment, is also reduced.

Since condensed water vapor generated after the salt and power production process of the present embodiment to produce fresh water, it is possible to solve environmental pollution problems such as greenhouse gas generation or nuclear waste generation and facility safety problems of the conventional seawater desalination system using steam of the power plant. .

In addition, solar power is economical because there is no additional fuel or energy use cost.

The superheated fluid formed by solar heat can be stored and used in the production of sun salt and fresh water even in the rainy season or winter season when there is not enough sunshine, so salt and fresh water can be stably produced regardless of season or sunshine change.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, such modifications or variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

100: solar heat storage unit
110: pressurization
120: solar burner
130: superheated fluid tank
140: motor driving valve
200: power generation
210: torsion
220: heating piping
230: capture roof
240: turbine generator
250: Avenger
260: freshwater storage tank

Claims (11)

In power generation and salt generating equipment using sea water,
A solar heat storage unit configured to pressurize the fluid and heat the solar heat to form a superheated fluid; And
Solar power solar salt and fresh water production system characterized in that it comprises a power generation salt portion that evaporates the water from the seawater using the heat supplied from the solar light and the superheated fluid to produce salt and generate steam. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar heat storage unit
A pressurizing device for raising a pressure of the fluid supplied to form the superheated fluid; And
And a solar heater connected to the pressurization system to heat the fluid with solar heat to form the superheated fluid. The method of claim 2, wherein the solar heat storage unit
A superheated fluid tank in which the superheated fluid is stored; And
And a motor driving valve provided in a flow passage connected to the superheated fluid tank to control circulation of the superheated fluid. According to claim 1, wherein the power generation salt portion
Salt fields in which salt is produced by evaporating water from seawater;
A heating pipe provided at the bottom of the salt field and circulating with the superheated fluid;
A collecting roof provided on an upper portion of the salt field to collect water vapor generated from the salt field; And
Solar solar salt and fresh water production system characterized in that it comprises a turbine generator for producing electric power by receiving the steam collected from the collecting roof. 5. The method of claim 4,
The collection roof is a solar solar salt and fresh water production system, characterized in that made of a transparent material that can transmit sunlight. 6. The method of claim 5,
The collection roof is made of a structure having a roof and a wall to seal the salt field, the solar solar salt and fresh water production system characterized in that the water vapor generated in the salt field is collected. The method of claim 4, wherein the power generation salt portion
A condenser for changing the water vapor discharged from the turbine generator into water; And
Solar solar salt and fresh water production system characterized in that it comprises a fresh water storage tank for storing the water generated in the condenser. In the salt and electricity generation method using sea water,
1) heating the fluid with solar heat to form a superheated fluid;
2) salt is produced by evaporating water from seawater using sunlight and heat supplied from the superheated fluid; And
3) A method of generating solar solar salt and fresh water, comprising the steps of generating water by driving a turbine by collecting steam formed by evaporating seawater. The method of claim 8,
A solar solar salt and fresh water production method further comprising the step 4) of generating electricity and producing fresh water by condensing the discharged water vapor. In the method of generating salt and fresh water using sea water,
Heat the fluid with solar heat to form and store the superheated fluid, and if solar heat is not available, supply seawater with salt to heat exchange with the superheated fluid to produce salt, and generate steam after generating the steam formed in the salt to discharge the steam. Solar solar salt and fresh water production method, characterized in that to produce fresh water by condensing. The method of claim 8 or 10,
The superheated fluid is a solar thermal sun salt and fresh water production method, characterized in that formed by increasing the boiling point by pressurizing the fluid.

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