KR20130099307A - Waveguide slot array antenna using non-parallelepiped cavity - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A waveguide slot array antenna is provided to have an effect of radiating titration energy by dividing power fee energy to the titration energy. CONSTITUTION: A waveguide slot array antenna (10) comprises multiple unit elements of array; non-radiative sides (200, 500); radiant slides (300, 600); cavities (400, 700). The non-radiant slides comprise energy feed units (230, 530). The radiant slides comprise a pair of radiation slots. The cavities are formed in a non-collimated cube.

Description

Waveguide slot array antenna using non-parallel hexahedral cavity {WAVEGUIDE SLOT ARRAY ANTENNA USING NON-PARALLELEPIPED CAVITY}

An embodiment according to the concept of the present invention relates to a waveguide slotted array antenna, and more particularly, to a waveguide slotted array antenna capable of differentially distributing and radiating electromagnetic energy according to a corresponding cavity thickness by using an unbalanced hexahedral cavity. It is about.

In general, a parabolic antenna, a microstrip antenna, or a waveguide slot array antenna is mainly used as an antenna for transmitting and receiving a radio wave in a microwave band. The parabolic antenna is a very high gain antenna, which uses an optical feature that light from a parabolic focal point becomes parallel rays after being reflected by a reflector. The efficiency of the parabolic antenna is proportional to the area of the reflecting surface and the size of the reflector must be larger than the wavelength of the radio wave. Since the antenna itself is large and heavy, the parabola antenna has a practical difficulty in mounting on a small vehicle, and side lobes are largely generated, resulting in poor efficiency. Microstrip antenna is a small flat antenna manufactured using the principle of radiating high frequency through the open surface of the microstrip line, which is open on the top, and is easy to manufacture because it is made of printed board. Has the advantage. However, according to a loss factor of a dielectric used as a substrate, a power supply loss of a signal to be transmitted or received is large and a bandwidth is very small, which makes it difficult to apply in a system requiring a wide bandwidth. In addition, when high gain is required, the amount of radiation elements may increase rapidly, which may result in worse characteristics than the parabolic antenna due to dielectric loss and resistance loss of the conductor. The waveguide slotted array antenna, which is spotlighted as an antenna to compensate for the disadvantages of the parabolic antenna and the microstrip antenna, is used as a small vehicle-mounted antenna for mobile communication using radar, satellite broadcasting reception, and communication satellite. Since the waveguide slot array antenna does not need a separate feeder because the waveguide plays a role of a radiator and a feeder at the same time, the waveguide is generally light and can reduce the loss caused by the feeder and the efficiency of the antenna is also very high. In addition, unlike an antenna using a dielectric, it is made of only metal, so that a large amount of power can be radiated, and the waveguide itself can be used as a supporting structure. The waveguide slotted array antenna is disclosed in detail in US Patent Application US20100001916, US Patent US5638079, and US Patent Publication 2010-0002492.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a waveguide slot array antenna that can distribute and radiate electromagnetic energy differentially according to the corresponding cavity thickness using an asymmetric cavity.

The waveguide slotted array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a non-radiating surface including an energy feeding unit and a pair of radiation slots, and a radiating surface formed opposite to the non-radiating surface, and both side surfaces between the non-radiating surface and the radiating surface. Is formed in the shape of non-parallel hexahedron with different heights, and comprises an array of antenna unit elements each including a cavity for supplying energy applied from the energy feeder to the pair of radiating slots according to the electric field density. .

Each of the plurality of antenna unit elements is arranged such that a high side of the side surfaces of the cavity faces the center of the array with respect to the center of the array.

According to an embodiment, the waveguide slot array antenna has a distance of about 0.7λ between the pair of slots, and λ is an operating wavelength of the waveguide slot array antenna.

In some embodiments, the waveguide slotted array antenna has an inclination of about 45 ° for each of the pair of slots.

The waveguide slot array antenna may be set to operate in the frequency band of about 2 Hz to 110 Hz.

The waveguide slotted array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention has the effect of distributing the feed energy into appropriate energy according to the corresponding cavity thickness by implementing the asymmetrical structure of the cavity.

The detailed description of each drawing is provided in order to provide a thorough understanding of the drawings referred to in the detailed description of the invention.
1 shows an internal configuration of a waveguide slotted array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a first unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a second unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 1.
4 is a view for explaining the electromagnetic energy supplied to each of the unit elements of the waveguide slot array antenna shown in FIG.
5 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a waveguide slot array antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a third unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 5.

It is to be understood that the specific structural or functional descriptions of embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein are only for the purpose of illustrating embodiments of the inventive concept, But may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

Embodiments in accordance with the concepts of the present invention are capable of various modifications and may take various forms, so that the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail herein. It should be understood, however, that it is not intended to limit the embodiments according to the concepts of the present invention to the particular forms disclosed, but includes all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The terms are intended to distinguish one element from another, for example, without departing from the scope of the invention in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, the first element may be termed the second element, The second component may also be referred to as a first component.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to or connected to that other component, but it may be understood that other components may be present in between. Should be. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. Other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "comprises" or "having", etc. are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts or combinations thereof, , Steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, as a matter of principle.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning of the context in the relevant art and, unless explicitly defined herein, are to be interpreted as ideal or overly formal Do not.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates an internal configuration diagram of a waveguide slot array antenna according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 illustrates an internal configuration diagram of a first unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 1 shows the internal configuration of the second unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna shown in FIG.

1 to 3, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 includes a plurality of first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 and a plurality of second unit elements 100-5 to 100-8. Is implemented as an array of.

In this case, the plurality of first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 and the plurality of second unit elements 100-5 to 100-8 are the same number on both sides with respect to the central axis N. Can be implemented symmetrically.

The waveguide slotted array antenna 10 shown in FIG. 1 has four first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 on the right side and four second unit elements on the left side of the center axis N. 100-5 to 100-8), but is implemented as a total of eight unit elements, but is not limited to this may be implemented by more or less unit elements according to the design.

1 to 3 illustrate only the inside of the waveguide slot array antenna 10, the first unit element 100-1, and the second unit element 100-5 except for the upper cover.

In addition, since the structures of the plurality of first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 are the same and the structures of the plurality of second unit elements 100-5 to 100-8 are also the same, Only the first element 100-1 of the one unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 and the fifth element 100-4 of the plurality of second unit elements 100-5 to 100-8 are shown. Will be explained.

Generally, waveguide means a kind of transmission path for transmitting high frequency electrical energy or signal over microwave, and it is the center that uses air as an insulator to overcome dielectric loss of coaxial line and cause conductor loss. Transmission line with conductor removed.

As the waveguide, a rectangular waveguide having a rectangular cross section is mainly used, and the present invention is described with reference to the rectangular waveguide, but the present invention is not limited thereto and may be implemented as a circular waveguide.

On the other hand, the waveguide is characterized by a high pass filter (High Pass Filter) and a characteristic that can not transmit radio waves of longer than the cutoff wavelength (Cutoff Wavelength).

In contrast to electromagnetic waves propagating in free space, the TEM mode (Transverse Electromagnetic Mode) is used as the transmission mode (transmission mode), whereas electromagnetic waves propagating in the waveguide are repeated in the waveguide, repeating the reflection, TE mode (Transverse Electron energy is transported in either Electric Mode or Transverse Magnetic Mode.

At this time, the TE mode is a wave in which only the electric field (E) is completely perpendicular to the traveling direction, and the magnetic field (H) is a wave having components in the traveling direction, and in the TM mode, only the magnetic field (H) is in the traveling direction. It is a wave that is completely perpendicular to the field and the electric field E is a component having a traveling direction component.

An antenna that makes a slot on the wall of the waveguide and then feeds the slot to act as a radiator of radio waves is called a waveguide slot antenna.

Referring to FIG. 2, the first element 100-1 includes a non-radiating surface 200, a radiation surface 300, and a cavity 400.

The non-radiating surface 200 of the first element 100-1 includes a feeder 230, and an external signal, for example, electromagnetic energy, is applied through the feeder 230, and the applied electromagnetic energy may be described later as the cavity 400. It is supplied to the radiation surface 300 through the).

The radiation surface 300 is formed to face the non-radiation surface 200 and includes a pair of radiation slots 330 and 350.

The non-radiating surface 200 includes a feeder 230, and an external signal, for example, electromagnetic energy, is applied through the feeder 230, and the applied electromagnetic energy is transmitted to the radiation surface 300 through the cavity 400 to be described later. Supplied.

Meanwhile, the radiation surface 300 is formed to face the non-radiation surface 200 and includes a pair of radiation slots 330 and 350.

According to an embodiment, the thickness w1 and w2 of each of the pair of radiation slots 330 and 350, for example, the first radiation slot 330 and the second radiation slot 350, may be about 0.15λ (0.6 mm). Can be formed.

The lambda is a wavelength for the operation of the waveguide slot array antenna 10. According to an embodiment, the frequency band of the operating wavelength lambda of the antenna may be set to about 2 Hz to 110 Hz.

According to an embodiment, the distance L between the first radiation slot 330 and the second radiation slot 350 may be about 0.5λ to 0.9λ, and the first radiation slot 330 and the second radiation The slope of each of the slots 350 may be formed from about 30 ° to about 60 °.

On the other hand, the cavity 400 is formed between the non-radiating surface 200 and the radiation surface 300, a pair of radiating slots (330, 350) applied to the electromagnetic energy applied from the feed portion 230 of the non-radiating surface 200 To supply.

The cavity 400 is a cavity surrounded by a conductor wall, and excitation of microwaves in the cavity 400 causes resonance at a specific frequency defined by the shape or size of the conductor wall.

In this case, the cavity 400 is formed of a non-parallel hexahedron having a nonsymmetrical shape different from the right and left sides (C1, C2), for example, a quadrilateral pyramid (Frustum) having a trapezoidal side surface of the cavity 400. In the thin portion C1 of 400, the electric field intensity increases, so much energy is radiated even in the slot of the same thickness, and in the thick portion C2 of the cavity 400, the electric field density decreases. Relatively little energy is emitted.

For example, the slot thickness w1 of the first radiation slot 330 and the slot thickness w2 of the second radiation slot 350 are the same, but the thickness c1 of the cavity 400 adjacent to the first radiation slot 330. ) Is thinner than the thickness c2 of the cavity 400 adjacent to the second radiation slot 350, so that the electromagnetic energy radiation through the first radiation slot 330 is less than the electromagnetic energy radiation through the second radiation slot 350. more.

Therefore, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention partitions the partition energy due to differential distribution of electromagnetic energy by adjusting the shape of the cavity 400, in particular, the overall thicknesses c1 and c2 according to design specifications. It is not necessary to provide a separate energy distribution means such as a wall).

That is, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention can overcome the practical limitation that the mass production of the partition wall itself is not possible in the high frequency band of 50 kHz or more, thereby greatly simplifying the manufacture of the antenna. There is an advantage to losing.

According to an embodiment, the cavity 400 may be formed in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid having a first thickness c1 of 0.7 mm and a second thickness c2 of 1.5 mm, and the radiation surface 200 and the non-radiation surface 300. It can be formed with the distance (D) between the () to about 1.7mm.

Referring to FIG. 3, the fifth element 100-5 may include the non-radiating surface 500, the radiation surface 600, and the cavity 700 similarly to the first element 100-1 shown in FIG. 2. Include.

The non-radiating surface 500 includes a feeding part 530, and an external signal, for example, electromagnetic energy, is applied through the feeding part 530, and the applied electromagnetic energy is supplied to the radiation surface 600 through the cavity 700. .

The radiation surface 600 is formed opposite the non-radiation surface 500 and includes a pair of radiation slots 630 and 650.

According to an embodiment, the thicknesses w3 and w4 of each of the pair of radiation slots 630 and 650, for example, the third radiation slot 630 and the fourth radiation slot 650, may be about 0.15λ (0.6 mm). The same may be formed with each other.

As described above, the lambda is a wavelength for the operation of the waveguide slot array antenna 10. According to an embodiment, the frequency band of the operating wavelength lambda of the antenna may be set to about 2 Hz to 110 Hz.

In particular, the frequency band may be set to 50 kHz or more.

According to an embodiment, the distance L between the third radiation slot 630 and the fourth radiation slot 650 may be about 0.5λ to 0.9λ, and the third radiation slot 630 and the fourth radiation slot may be formed. The slope of each of the slots 650 may be formed from about 30 ° to about 60 °.

On the other hand, the cavity 700 is formed between the non-radiating surface 500 and the radiating surface 600, a pair of radiating slots (630, 650) the electromagnetic energy applied from the feed portion 530 of the non-radiating surface 500 To supply.

Similar to the cavity 400 of the first element 100-1, the cavity 700 has an asymmetrical shape with different thicknesses C3 and C4 on the left and right sides instead of a rectangular parallelepiped, for example, the sides of the cavity 700 are trapezoidal. It is formed of a non-parallel hexahedron having a frustum shape, and the thin portion C4 of the cavity 700 increases electric field intensity, so that a lot of energy is radiated even in the slot having the same thickness and the cavity 700 In the thick portion C3 of), the electric field density decreases and relatively little energy is radiated.

For example, the slot thickness w3 of the third radiation slot 630 and the slot thickness w4 of the fourth radiation slot 650 are the same, but the thickness c3 of the cavity 700 adjacent to the third radiation slot 630. ) Is thicker than the thickness c4 of the cavity 700 adjacent to the fourth radiation slot 650, so that the electromagnetic energy radiation through the third radiation slot 330 is greater than the electromagnetic energy radiation through the fourth radiation slot 650. Less

According to an embodiment, the cavity 700 may be formed in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid having a third thickness c3 of 1.5 mm and a fourth thickness c4 of 0.9 mm, and the radiation surface 500 and the non-radiation surface 600. It can be formed with the distance (D) between the () to about 1.7mm.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 may include the first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 and the second unit elements 100-5 to 100-with respect to the central axis N. FIG. 8) are symmetrically arranged.

In this case, second unit elements symmetrical to each of the first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 and the first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 based on the central axis N, respectively. (100-5 to 100-8) The electromagnetic energy supplied to each feed portion may be applied differently.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing electromagnetic energy supplied to each of the unit elements of the waveguide slot array antenna shown in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 4, the eighth element 100 of the first element 100-1 and the second unit elements 100-5 to 100-8 of the first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 is represented. The first electromagnetic energy E1 is applied to -8), and the second element 100-2 and the second unit elements 100-5 to 100 of the first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 are applied. The second electromagnetic energy E2 is applied to the seventh element 100-7 of -8 and the third element 100-3 and the second of the first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 are applied. The third electromagnetic energy E3 is applied to the sixth element 100-6 of the unit elements 100-5 to 100-8.

Finally, the fourth element 100-4 of the first unit elements 100-1 to 100-4 and the fifth element 100-5 of the second unit elements 100-5 to 100-8. The fourth electromagnetic energy E4 is applied to it.

According to an embodiment, the magnitudes of the first electromagnetic energy E1, the second electromagnetic energy E2, the third electromagnetic energy E3, and the fourth electromagnetic energy E4 may be set differently, in particular, the first electromagnetic energy. The energy may be sequentially increased in order from the energy E1 to the second electromagnetic energy E2, the third electromagnetic energy E3, and the fourth electromagnetic energy E4.

When the magnitude of the electromagnetic energy is increased and applied as described above, it is possible to form a desired beam pattern of the antenna, for example, a beam pattern that suppresses the side lobe, based on the central axis N.

Accordingly, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention can provide a differential distribution of electromagnetic energy by adjusting the shape of the cavity 400, 700, in particular, the overall thickness c1, c2 or c3, c4, according to design specifications. It is possible to eliminate the need for a separate energy distribution means, such as a partition wall.

That is, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention can overcome the practical limitation that the mass production of the partition wall itself is not possible in the high frequency band of 50 kHz or more, thereby greatly simplifying the manufacture of the antenna. There is an advantage to losing.

FIG. 5 illustrates an internal configuration diagram of the waveguide slot array antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 illustrates an internal configuration diagram of the third unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 5.

5 and 6, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10-1 is different from the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 shown in FIG. 1, and has a third unit element on the left and right sides with respect to the central axis N. FIG. After (100-9) is arranged, the first unit elements 100-1, 100-2, and 100-3 and the second unit elements 100-6, 100-7, and 100-8 are arranged.

In this case, the third unit element 100-9 is a non-radiating surface 800 and a radial surface similarly to the first unit element 100-1 or the second unit element 100-4 shown in FIG. 2 or 3. It has a structure that includes a 900 and the cavity 990. However, unlike the first unit element 100-1 or the second unit element 100-4, the thickness H of the cavity 990 of the third unit element 100-9 has the same thickness H. It is implemented to have

Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

10: waveguide slot array antenna
100-1 to 100-4: first unit element
100-5 to 100-8: second unit element
100-9: third unit element
200, 500: non-radiative
230, 530: feeder
300, 600: radial
330: first radiation slot
350: second radiation slot
630: third radiation slot
650: fourth radiation slot
400, 700: cavity

Claims (5)

A non-radiative surface comprising an energy feeder;
A radiation surface including a pair of radiation slots and formed to face the non-radiation surface; And
Cavities are formed in the shape of a non-parallel hexahedron having a different height between the non-radiating surface and the radiation surface, both sides, the cavity for supplying the energy applied from the energy supply to the pair of radiation slots according to the electric field density; A waveguide slot array antenna comprising an array of a plurality of antenna unit elements comprising. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of antenna unit elements,
A waveguide slotted array antenna arranged so that a lower side of both sides of the cavity is directed toward the center of the array with respect to the center of the array. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the waveguide slot array antenna comprises:
A waveguide slot array antenna having a distance of about 0.7λ between the pair of slots, wherein? Is an operating wavelength of the waveguide slot array antenna. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the waveguide slot array antenna comprises:
A waveguide slotted array antenna having a slope of about 45 ° for each of the pair of slots. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the waveguide slot array antenna comprises:
A waveguide slot array antenna operating in the frequency band of about 2 Hz to 110 Hz.

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