CN109119767A - A kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna - Google Patents
A kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109119767A CN109119767A CN201810553259.7A CN201810553259A CN109119767A CN 109119767 A CN109119767 A CN 109119767A CN 201810553259 A CN201810553259 A CN 201810553259A CN 109119767 A CN109119767 A CN 109119767A
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- waveguide
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- polarized antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna, including radiator and circular polarizer, the radiator is connected with the circular polarizer, wherein the radiator includes ladder horn and cross grid；The ladder horn includes radiation port and at least one transition radiation mouth, and the cross grid is set in the radiation port and its four vertex and radiation port inner surface are tangent.Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna of the present invention has many advantages, such as double-circle polarization radiation, high efficiency, low section, easy processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave antenna art field, especially a kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna.
Background technique
The ground based terminal antenna of satellite communication system mainly uses the days such as reflector antenna, plate aerial, phased array antenna
Line form.Reflector antenna profile is higher, and volume is relatively large, is not suitable for high-speed mobile carrier platform.Phased array antenna
Section is extremely low, and two-dimensional phased array antenna does not need the scanning that mechanical servo is just able to achieve antenna beam, is highly suitable for
The carrier platforms such as aircraft, bullet train, but phased array antenna manufacture and maintenance cost are high, commercial signal communication system is difficult to bear.
Plate aerial has the advantages that section is low, high-efficient, using more and more extensive, the difficulty of design on satellite communication ground based terminal
Point be the grating lobe suppression of antenna, section force down with efficiency improve etc..
There are mainly two types of methods for the double-circle polarization radiation of realization plate aerial: the first is using dual-linear polarization antenna element
Group battle array, the two-route wire polarized signal after organizing battle array carry out circularly polarized signal synthesis through three-dB coupler, realize double entelechies of flat plate array
Change radiation；Second is directly to organize battle array using double-circle polarization Radiative antenna elements, realizes the double-circle polarization radiation of flat plate array.
It since the corresponding wavelength of Ka frequency range is shorter, is synthesized according to dual-linear polarization and realizes circular polarization radiation, since processing misses
Poor factor exists, may the two-route wire polarized signal phase to antenna produce bigger effect.If two-route wire polarized signal phase
Inconsistent before entering 3dB directional coupler, the circular polarized antenna axis ratio after synthesis will be deteriorated.
Document Partial dielectric loaded septum polarizer:, it is set in 9640847 B2 of US [P]
Counted a kind of dual-band dual-circular polarization panel antenna array, the antenna element used in document for plus the electromagnetic horn of medium connect partition
Circular polarizer structure, septum polarizer may be implemented the double-circle polarization radiation of element antenna, medium loudspeaker added to can reduce list
The size of first aerial radiation mouth.The corresponding wavelength of cell spacing and lowest operating frequency of the array antenna is suitable, can be effective
Ground inhibits array graing lobe.But this array joined medium, increase the complexity of antenna, the presence of medium is inevitably
Reduce the efficiency of array antenna；In addition, the feeding network arrangement of array is increasingly complex due to the reduction of cell spacing, increase
Antenna difficulty of processing.
Summary of the invention
Drawbacks described above based on the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna.
Technical scheme is as follows:
Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna, including radiator and circular polarizer, the radiator are connected with the circular polarizer, the spoke
Emitter includes ladder horn and cross grid；The ladder horn includes radiation port and at least one transition radiation mouth, and described ten
Word grid is set in the radiation port.
Wherein, the radiator is connected by the transition radiation mouth with the circular polarizer.
Further, the bore of the ladder horn transition radiation mouth to radiation port is in increasing trend, the bore of radiation port
It is maximum.
Further, four vertex of the cross grid and the radiation port inner surface are tangent, the cross grid
The center of cross searching and the ladder horn is located on same vertical line.The cross grid is metal material.
Wherein, the circular polarizer includes waveguide and metal step, and the metal step is set to the waveguide inner surface.
Further, the waveguide includes the delivery outlet being connected with the radiator and the input port of the other end；The gold
The waveguide input port is divided into input port one and input port two, the metal step maximum layer by minimum one layer for belonging to ladder
On be provided with metal spacer, the wave guide outlet is divided into delivery outlet one and delivery outlet two by the metal spacer, described defeated
Entrance one and input port two are corresponding with the delivery outlet one and delivery outlet two respectively.
Further, the circular polarizer further includes turning waveguide one and turning waveguide two, the turning waveguide one and turn
One end of waveguide bend two is connected with the input port one and input port two respectively, the turning waveguide one and the another of waveguide two of turning
One end is connected with the first feed port and the second feed port for being located at the circular polarizer side respectively.
Further, the turning waveguide is 90 ° of turnings, and ladder allotment block is provided at 90 ° of turnings exterior angle.
Further, the turning waveguide one and turning waveguide two are different along the length of wave guide direction.
Preferably, the cross section of the ladder horn, waveguide and waveguide of turning is rectangle.
The working principle of technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
For Antenna Operation when reception pattern, radiator can receive the circularly polarized signal of any rotation direction in Antenna Operation frequency range, should
Any circularly polarized signal is decomposed into left-hand circular polarization signal and right-handed circular polarization signal, two-way circularly polarized signal after circular polarizer
It is exported respectively from the first feed port and the second feed port.For Antenna Operation when emission mode, the signal of input is through the first feedback
Electric port and the second feed port enter septum polarizer and are converted into circularly polarized signal, and then radiator is by the circular polarisation
Signal radiation realizes signal transmitting into space.
Each radiator corresponds to a circular polarizer, and circular polarizer may be implemented double-circle polarization, circular polarizer directly with
Radiator is connected, and realizes the double-circle polarization radiation of element antenna, uses OMT(orthomode coupler compared to traditional) first divide
Polarization, then the method for realizing array circular-polarization radiation with 3dB electric bridge synthesis circular polarisation, this design do not need 3dB electric bridge, and
The phase of entire antenna feeding network is not required, therefore structure is simple, mismachining tolerance tolerance is big.
Radiator is equivalent to using the structure for setting cross grid in ladder horn radiation port, cross grid by a loudspeaker day
Line becomes four minimized radiation subelements, and the spacing between minimized radiation subelement is the half of bell mouth diameter, because of these
Effect radiating element between spacing reduce significantly, thus after inhibition group battle array array graing lobe.
Circular polarizer includes waveguide, metal step, turning waveguide one, turning waveguide two and two feed port, metal rank
Waveguide is divided into two parts by ladder, and turning waveguide one and turning waveguide two are connected with waveguide, and realization will be along the input of wave guide direction
Mouth is converted to the input port perpendicular to wave guide direction.Turning waveguide one and turning waveguide two are different along the length of wave guide direction, real
The first feed port and the second feed port of existing circular polarizer along wave guide direction not in same level, can be easily real
Existing two layers of the face E T shape power divider network respectively feeds element antenna, simplifies feeding network complexity.
The metal step of circular polarizer reduces antenna whole height as close as possible to the transition radiation mouth of ladder horn.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1) low, antenna efficiency is lost using the structure for setting cross grid in ladder horn radiation port, no dielectric structure in radiator
It is high；
2) radiator is using the structure for setting cross grid in ladder horn radiation port, the presence of cross grid, so that minimized radiation
The mouth face electric field of unit is more uniform, further improves the radiation efficiency of antenna；
3) present invention is designed the feed port of antenna element in circular polarizer side using turning waveguide, can easily be used
The face E T shape power division network feeds element antenna, simplifies Array Design difficulty；
4) present invention realizes double-circle polarization radiation.Each electromagnetic horn corresponds to a septum polarizer, by circular polarizer
It is directly connect with electromagnetic horn unit, realizes the double-circle polarization radiation of element antenna, and circular polarisation effect is good.Compared to tradition
Use OMT(orthomode coupler) first split pole, then realize the side that array circular-polarization radiates with 3dB electric bridge synthesis circular polarisation
Method, this design does not need 3dB electric bridge, and does not require the phase of entire antenna feeding network, therefore structure is simple, adds
Work fault tolerance is big.
Detailed description of the invention
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is element antenna simulation model figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is element antenna sectional structure chart in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is element antenna three-dimensional structure diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the face H L z bend waveguide sectional structure chart in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the standing wave simulation curve figure of array antenna.
Fig. 6 is the main radiation direction axis of array antenna than curve graph varying with frequency.
Fig. 7 is the typical frequency point antenna pattern of antenna.
Fig. 8 is the efficiency curve graph varying with frequency of antenna.
Description of symbols:
1, radiator；2, circular polarizer；11, cross grid；12, ladder horn；13, radiation port；14, chamfering；21, metal rank
Ladder；22, square opening waveguide；23, turning waveguide one；24, turn waveguide and；25, ladder scheduling module one；26, ladder scheduling module
Two；3, the first feed port；4, the second feed port.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification unless specifically stated can be equivalent or with similar purpose by other
Alternative features are replaced.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics
?.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: antenna joined medium, increase the complexity of antenna, the presence of medium is not
The efficiency of array antenna is reduced avoidablely；In addition, the feeding network arrangement of array is more multiple due to the reduction of cell spacing
It is miscellaneous, increase antenna difficulty of processing.
Basic embodiment:
Fig. 1 is simulation model figure of the present invention, includes radiator (1) and circular polarizer (2), Fig. 3 is three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.This
Invention provides a kind of antenna element of double-circle polarization radiation characteristic, and for Antenna Operation when reception pattern, ladder horn antenna can be with
The circularly polarized signal of any rotation direction, any circularly polarized signal are decomposed into after septum polarizer in receiving antenna working frequency range
Left-hand circular polarization signal and right-handed circular polarization signal, two-way circularly polarized signal is respectively from two the first feed ports of rectangular port
(3), the second feed port (4) exports.For Antenna Operation when emission mode, the signal of input is converted into circle through septum polarizer
Polarized signal, then the circularly polarized signal is radiated in space by ladder horn antenna, realizes signal transmitting.
Fig. 2 is double-circle polarization device radiative unit structure sectional view, including cross grid (11), ladder horn (12), metal
Ladder (21), square opening waveguide (22), rectangular turns waveguide one (23), rectangular turns waveguide two (24), ladder allotment block one (25),
Ladder deploys block two (26).
Cross grid (11) is located in the radiation port (13) of ladder horn (12), four vertex and ladder horn (12)
Inner surface is tangent in radiation port；Ladder horn (12) is rectangular opening, including radiation port (13) and at least one transition radiation mouth, spoke
Loophole (13) size is about 1.5 operation wavelengths, and radiation port (13) is divided into 4 rectangular openings by cross grid (11), for the ease of
Processing, in cross grid (11) infall and cross grid (11) and radiation port (13) junction added with chamfering (14).
The mouth face size of ladder horn (12) from top to bottom, is gradually reduced, i.e., the transition radiation mouth of ladder horn (12) and
The bore of radiation port is in increasing trend, and the bore of radiation port (13) is maximum, the smallest over-radiation mouth of bore and square opening wave
(22) connection is led, metal step (21) is located on an inner surface of (22) in square opening waveguide, square opening waveguide (22) and metal rank
Terraced (21) combination forms septum polarizer.Metal spacer, the metal spacer are provided on metal step (21) maximum layer
The wave guide outlet is divided into two rectangular output orifices.Equally, equal at the interior angle of septum polarizer for the ease of processing
Added with chamfering.
Fig. 4 is L z bend waveguide sectional structure chart in the face H of the present invention.Rectangular turns waveguide one (23) and rectangular turns waveguide
Two (24) are connected respectively to two rectangle input ports of septum polarizer.Ladder deploys block one (25) and ladder deploys block two
(26) it is located at the turning of rectangular turns waveguide one (23) and rectangular turns waveguide two (24).First feed port (3) and
Second feed port (4) is respectively two feed ports of element antenna.Rectangular turns waveguide one (23) and rectangular turns waveguide
The length of two (24) is different, and the first feed port (3) and the second feed port (4) that antenna element is achieved be not same
Layer can easily realize that two layers of the face E T shape power divider network respectively feeds element antenna, and then complete low section plate day
Line design.
Further, the metal step (21) of septum polarizer as close as possible to ladder horn minimum transit radiation port,
Reduce antenna whole height.
Ladder horn in the present embodiment is using 5 ladders, but the step number of ladder horn is not limited to the number,
It may be greater than 1 any number.Septum polarizer metal step number in the present embodiment is 4, the metal step number
Number is also not necessarily limited to the number, and the number of metal step can be adjusted according to actual antennas operating bandwidth requirement.In the present embodiment
The ladder number of the ladder allotment block of turning waveguide is 2, and the ladder number of same ladder allotment block is not limited to the number, can
To be arbitrary integer.
The horn mouth size of ladder horn is gradually reduced from top to bottom, it is preferred that horn mouth is square structure.
From top to bottom, ladder height gradually increases metal step in septum polarizer, further, metal step
Top abut the minimum transit radiation port of ladder horn, this design can reduce the section height of antenna.
All chamfering directions are vertical direction in the present embodiment, and this design antenna pattern is regular, and processing technology is simple,
It is suitble to produce in enormous quantities.
Test example:
In order to verify correctness of the invention, a double-circle polarization element antenna is devised.The major parameter of antenna are as follows:
The aperture area of radiation port are as follows: 14.4mm × 14.4mm.
Cross grid thickness 1mm, height 4.4mm, chamfering R=1.5mm.
The side length of ladder horn radiation port from top to bottom is respectively as follows: 14.4mm, 13.9mm, 11.2mm, 9mm, 7mm.
The height of ladder horn radiation port from top to bottom is respectively as follows: 4.4mm, 2.7mm, 2.5mm, 1.3mm, 3.2mm.
The square wave guide side length of septum polarizer is 6mm × 6mm.
The metal step width of septum polarizer is 1.6mm.
The ladder height of septum polarizer from top to bottom is respectively as follows: 0.84mm, 1.98mm, 2.56mm, 2.68mm,
3.44mm。
The step length of septum polarizer from top to bottom is respectively as follows: 2.58mm, 1.99mm, 1.48mm, 1.57mm,
1.26mm。
Ladder horn interior angle chamfering R=1.5mm, septum polarizer interior angle chamfering are 1mm.
The allotment block step number that the face H bends waveguide is 2, single ladder height 1.55mm.
The height of element antenna is 36.7mm.
Simulation result:
Fig. 5 is the standing wave simulation curve of element antenna, and the bandwidth of operation (VSWR < 2) that can be seen that antenna from the curve is
27.6GHz~33.4GHz.Opposite bandwidth of operation is up to 19%.
Fig. 6 is the main radiation direction axis of element antenna than curve graph varying with frequency, can be seen that day from the curve graph
The axis ratio of working frequency range (27.6GHz ~ 33.4GHz) internal antenna of line is less than 3dB, and it is good to illustrate that antenna has in bandwidth of operation
Circular polarization radiation characteristic.
Fig. 7 is the antenna pattern of the typical frequency point (31GHz) of antenna, and the cross polarization level of main radiation direction is greater than
25dB.It is high that E-plane and H-plane pattern of antenna element etc. changes degree.
Fig. 8 is the efficiency curve varying with frequency of antenna, can be seen that the efficiency for the antenna that emulation obtains from the curve
90% is all larger than in working frequency range, which reflects antenna with efficient characteristic.
The above simulation result sufficiently demonstrates the reasonability and correctness of the invention patent.
Advantages of the present invention is numerous.Different aspect, embodiment or embodiments can produce one in following advantages
Or multiple advantages.It is one advantage of the present invention that: radiator is using the structure for setting cross grid in ladder horn radiation port, no Jie
Low, antenna efficiency height is lost in matter structure.Yet another advantage of the present invention is that: radiator uses in ladder horn radiation port and sets ten
The structure of word grid reduces minimized radiation cell spacing, effectively inhibits array graing lobe.It is a further advantage of the present invention to: this
Invention is designed the feed port of antenna element in circular polarizer side using turning waveguide, can easily use the face E T shape function
Subnetwork feeds element antenna, simplifies Array Design difficulty.It is a further advantage of the present invention to: the present invention realizes double entelechies
Change radiation.Each electromagnetic horn corresponds to a septum polarizer, and circular polarizer is directly connect with electromagnetic horn unit, real
The double-circle polarization radiation of element antenna is showed, and circular polarisation effect is good.OMT(orthomode coupler is used compared to traditional) first
Split pole, then the method for realizing array circular-polarization radiation with 3dB electric bridge synthesis circular polarisation, this design do not need 3dB electric bridge, and
And the phase of entire antenna feeding network is not required, therefore structure is simple, mismachining tolerance tolerance is big.
The invention is not limited to specific embodiments above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna, including radiator and circular polarizer, the radiator are connected with the circular polarizer,
It is characterized by: the radiator includes ladder horn and cross grid；The ladder horn includes radiation port and at least one
Transition radiation mouth, the cross grid is set in the radiation port and its four vertex and radiation port inner surface are tangent.
2. Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the radiator passes through the transition spoke
Loophole is connected with the circular polarizer.
3. Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ladder horn transition radiation mouth arrives
The bore of radiation port is in increasing trend, and the bore of radiation port is maximum.
4. Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: four vertex of the cross grid with
The radiation port inner surface is tangent, and the cross searching of the cross grid and the center of the ladder horn are located at same vertical line
On.
5. Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the circular polarizer includes waveguide and gold
Belong to ladder, the metal step is set to the waveguide inner surface.
6. Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the waveguide includes and the radiator
Connected delivery outlet and input port；The waveguide input port is divided into input port one and defeated by minimum one layer of the metal step
Entrance two, the metal step maximum layer are provided with metal spacer, and the wave guide outlet is divided by the metal spacer
Delivery outlet one and delivery outlet two, the input port one and input port two are corresponding with the delivery outlet one and delivery outlet two respectively.
7. Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the circular polarizer further includes turning wave
Lead one and turning waveguide two, it is described turning waveguide one and turning waveguide two one end respectively with the input port one and input port two
Be connected, it is described turning waveguide one and turn waveguide two the other end respectively with positioned at the circular polarizer side the first feed end
Mouth is connected with the second feed port.
8. Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the turning waveguide is 90 ° of turnings, institute
It states and is provided with ladder allotment block at 90 ° of turning exterior angles.
9. Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the turning waveguide one and turning waveguide
Two along wave guide direction length it is different.
10. -9 described in any item Ka frequency range circular polarized antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ladder horn, wave
Lead and the turn cross section of waveguide is rectangle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810553259.7A CN109119767A (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | A kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810553259.7A CN109119767A (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | A kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna |
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| CN109119767A true CN109119767A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
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ID=64821845
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| CN201810553259.7A Pending CN109119767A (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | A kind of Ka frequency range circular polarized antenna |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111710969A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-09-25 | 南京软赫波誉电子科技有限公司 | Waveguide array satellite communication antenna with low profile and high broadband |
| CN112821083A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 南京邮电大学 | Double circular polarization array antenna unit based on Ka wave band |
| CN113193386A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | High-gain dual-band circularly polarized duplex antenna unit |
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| US7236681B2 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2007-06-26 | Prodelin Corporation | Feed assembly for multi-beam antenna with non-circular reflector, and such an assembly that is field-switchable between linear and circular polarization modes |
| CN107658568A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-02 | 北京星际安讯科技有限公司 | Dual-band and dual-polarization Shared aperture waveguide trumpet planar array antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7236681B2 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2007-06-26 | Prodelin Corporation | Feed assembly for multi-beam antenna with non-circular reflector, and such an assembly that is field-switchable between linear and circular polarization modes |
| CN107658568A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-02 | 北京星际安讯科技有限公司 | Dual-band and dual-polarization Shared aperture waveguide trumpet planar array antenna |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111710969A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-09-25 | 南京软赫波誉电子科技有限公司 | Waveguide array satellite communication antenna with low profile and high broadband |
| CN112821083A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 南京邮电大学 | Double circular polarization array antenna unit based on Ka wave band |
| CN112821083B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-11 | 南京邮电大学 | Double circular polarization array antenna unit based on Ka wave band |
| CN113193386A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | High-gain dual-band circularly polarized duplex antenna unit |
| CN113193386B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-09-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | High-gain dual-band circularly polarized duplex antenna unit |
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Application publication date: 20190101 |