KR20130088072A - Large two stroke engine, inlet valve and cylinder liner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A large two-stroke cycle with an intake valve and cylinder liner is provided to be installed in a small space. CONSTITUTION: An intake valve opens a gas path when the pressure of a track is higher than the pressure of a cylinder, and closes the gas path when the pressure of a track is lower than the pressure of a cylinder. The intake valve (1) comprises a valve body with valve members (6, 7). The valve body is mounted on the cylinder to position the valve members. The valve members move to the place where the gas path is closed and opened also the members move in the reverse direction. [Reference numerals] (AA) Closing; (BB) Opening

Description

Large two stroke engine, inlet valve and cylinder liner}

The present invention relates to a large two-stroke uniflow engine, and more particularly to a large two-stroke uniflow diesel engine according to the preamble of claim 15.

The invention also relates to an intake valve according to the preamble of claim 1 and a cylinder liner according to the preamble of claim 13 for such a large two-stroke engine, in particular a large two-stroke diesel engine.

A typical large two-stroke engine has a cylinder with at least one cylinder wall, which is passed by a ring of at least one inlet slit, which is placed on the piston of the engine. It is formed through this cylinder wall to connect the cylinder space inside the cylinder of the engine with the scavenging track of the engine.

In such a uniflow engine, gas flows from the intake slit ring in the wall surrounding the cylinder on one side of the combustion chamber, usually with an outlet valve and to the outlet at the cylinder end on the opposite side of the combustion chamber, ie Gas always flows in the same direction, so this engine is called the Uniflow engine.

When the pressure in the combustion chamber during the expansion stroke of the piston drops below the pressure value at the scavenging track after passing the ring of the intake slit of the cylinder wall during the downward movement, an open intake port in the cylinder liner connecting the combustion chamber with the scavenging track of the engine or Scavenging of the combustion chamber is started by a ring of intake slit.

If the piston or more specifically the piston ring set passes through the ring of intake slit open during the expansion stroke, and the pressure in the combustion chamber is higher than the inside of the scavenging track, backflow of gas into the scavenging track occurs, thus causing an undesirable loss of available energy. This will be. Furthermore, the gas is opened at the opening time, for example, inside the combustion chamber at a pressure of 6 to 10 bar, just before the exhaust valve begins to expose the intake slit past the intake slit during the expansion stroke. The flow to the side reduces overpressure, which can be used as work for the piston during the expansion stroke.

Therefore, delaying the opening of the intake port and delaying the opening of the exhaust valve during the expansion stroke is desirable to extend one stroke of the piston before opening the intake port for scavenging the combustion chamber with scavenging gas, i.e., fresh air. However, if the ring of intake slit is made low in the cylinder liner to prevent undesirable loss of available energy, the compression stroke process when the piston, more specifically the piston ring set, passes through the ring of intake slit open in the compression stroke. The evacuation at is interrupted prematurely, thus interrupting gas flow through the inlet slit.

For this purpose, it is known in the art to use an intake valve for delaying the opening of the inflation stroke, i. This means that the closing time of the intake slit in the expansion stroke extends beyond the piston passage time, but the closing time of the intake slit in the compression stroke is not extended but ends with the passage of the piston.

Intake valves of the general type for large two-stroke uni-flow engines, which open and close the gas flow passage through the ring of intake slit through the cylinder wall of such an engine, on the scavenging track of the engine and above the piston of the engine An intake valve connecting the cylinder inner cylinder space closes the gas flow passage if the pressure in the scavenging track is lower than the pressure in the cylinder space and opens the gas flow passage if high. For this purpose the intake valve has a valve body having a certain number of movable valve members. The valve body is installable in the cylinder for installing the movable valve member in the gas flow passage, wherein the movable valve member is arranged such that they move from the open position to the closed position when the gas flow passage is opened, and the gas flow passage Is reversed when it is closed.

For example, European patent application EP 1788218 AZ discloses an annular inlet valve which is installed inside a cylinder liner having a valve portion which can open and close an intake port and is driven by hydraulic pressure regulated by a magnetic valve. .

However, the annular inlet valve is installed inside the combustion chamber, making it difficult to replace and the piston or piston ring scratches the surface of the intake valve and the ring groove between the cylinder liner wall on the intake valve and the intake valve itself.

Thus, in other examples in the art, an intake valve is installed outside of the cylinder liner.

For example, Japanese patent application JP 59203820A shows an intake valve arrangement in which ring segments form a ring around the cylinder liner and slits within the ring portions are aligned with intake slits in the cylinder liner. The intake valve has a cylindrical valve piston reversibly installed in actuated valve elements, such as ring partial slits. There are two air passages in the valve piston, which can be selectively supplied with compressed air to switch the valve piston from an open state to a closed state and vice versa. It is considered difficult to synchronize the piston action of the engine with the valve piston action. Thus, in other examples, intake valves with passively actuated valve elements such as reeds are used.

Japanese patent application JP 59049316A discloses an engine having a ring of two intake slits passing through a cylinder liner wall. The upper ring of the intake slit is connected with a feed air pipe in which the shank valve 11 is located.

Japanese patent application JP 62129518A discloses a ring in the form of an intake valve body that surrounds a cylinder liner around an intake slit. The valve body-shaped ring acts as a non-return vlaves and has a flap valve fixed like a sliding door. When the pressure in the combustion chamber is higher than the pressure in the scavenging track, the intake slit is closed, Is opened.

Japanese patent application JP 65129529A shows a similar intake valve arrangement, where one end is fixed to the valve body instead of the flap valve, and if it is subjected to overpressure from within the combustion chamber, it is pushed against the support surface of the valve body to close the intake slit. There are valve reeds that can bend flexibly.

The above intake valve arrangement is easier to install in the cylinder liner than the intake valve inside the cylinder liner. However, considering the actual size of the cylinder liner diameter of a typical engine, along with the intake slit height of the forearm size of an adult male, complex ring shaped parts are still difficult to manufacture and install in the cylinder liner.

Therefore, the present invention can economically make the overall large two-stroke engine, in particular the intake valves and the engine assembly, while on the one hand the cylinder liner and the intake valves enable good engine efficiency and on the other hand less intake valve required space. It is an object to provide a large two-stroke engine with.

In view of the intake valve, this object can be solved by the features of claim 1. In view of the cylinder liner, this object can be solved by the features of claim 13. In view of the engine this object can be solved by the features of claim 15.

According to the invention, such an intake valve has a valve body and a movable valve member (movable valve member) supported thereon, which opens and closes a gas flow passage leading through one individual intake slit of the rings of the intake slit. It is designed to be. For this purpose the valve body is installable in this individual intake slit and is formed as a sealing means for this individual intake slit, which is only passed by a certain number of gas passages. The movable members of these intake valves are sized and arranged to open and close a certain number of gas passages.

Furthermore, the intake slit of the ring of the intake slit adjacent to one individual intake slit supplied with this intake valve may have enough space to receive the same intake valves, and all the intake slits of the ring of the intake slit are individually intake valves. This intake valve can be sized and the valve body of the intake valve can be mounted so that the air can be supplied.

Moreover, the valve body consists of or consists mainly of a receiving portion formed to be at least substantially received in this individual intake slit, and at least partially fills the individual intake slit, and the valve members which can be actuated completely or at least It is substantially contained within this individual intake slit. In other words, the intake valve is formed such that the valve body and the movable valve members constituting the valve body and as a whole an intake valve can be completely or at least substantially contained within this individual intake slit.

The motor efficiency is such that, with the intake valve assembled on the engine cylinder, the valve body is adapted to be at least substantially contained within the individual intake slit and such that the actuated valve members are at least substantially contained within this individual intake slit. If this valve body is formed, it has been found to be better. This means that the space inside these intake slits between the interior of this combustion chamber and each of these closed intake valves in the closed inlet state during the expansion stroke of the piston may be an unnecessary space to reduce the pressure in the combustion chamber during the expansion stroke of the piston. This is because the gas in the combustion chamber can enter into this unnecessary space inside these intake slits. Therefore, it is advantageous to reduce the unnecessary space inside the intake slit of the ring of such intake slit. With this receptacle, that is to say with movable movable valve elements housed inside this individual intake slit and / or a valve body housed within this individual intake slit, the individual intake slit is at least partially filled and thereby required. Missing space is reduced.

The valve body can be received or housed at least substantially within each intake slit as a whole, and activatable valve members are at least substantially housed within the individual intake slit, so that the intake valve is at least substantially as a whole. May be contained within or accommodated within each intake slit. Since the intake valves are housed at least substantially inside the intake slits, the requirement for the space required for these intake valves around the outer circumference of the cylinder can be minimized. Advantageously, the motor can be made entirely thin, and other assemblies except the intake valves can be made large, and thus more efficient and cheaper. Therefore, it is advantageous that the valve body consists of an accommodating portion, in view of the need for a radially outer space of the ring of the intake slit being reduced.

The large two-stroke uniflow engine according to the invention comprises a cylinder having at least one cylinder wall which can be formed in part by a cylinder liner. This cylinder wall is passed by at least one ring of intake slits through the cylinder wall. Each individual intake slit of the ring of such intake slit is given one individual intake valve according to the invention.

In particular, since the shape and form of this intake valve is determined in size or shape by the size or shape of the intake slits having an elongated cross section which is approximately the size of the forearm of an adult, the intake valve of the present invention It is easier to mount the cylinder liner wall separately to the cylinder, compared to the known annular and therefore relatively large intake valves. Moreover, for example, in a casting valve body, manufacturing is easier. In addition, it is not only easy to change the intake valves of relatively small size, but it is also possible to change only the faulty specific intake valve, so that from the maintenance point of view, the individual for each intake slit of the cylinder, individually the ring of the intake slit of the cylinder liner It is advantageous to have intake valves.

If the intake valve can be mounted from the outside of this cylinder, it can also be understood to be advantageous for ease of installation and maintenance. Moreover, in the present invention, "the valve body is passed by a certain number of gas passages" does not mean that the valve body completely includes all the gas passages. It is also possible that the valve body constitutes only one or more partial perimeters of the gas passages, the other part of the perimeter being formed by a wall surrounding the inner periphery of the intake slit. In addition, in the present invention, the "valve body includes a certain number of movable valve members" is not limited to that the movable valve members are fixed only to the valve body. Activatable valve members are clamped between the valve body and a wall surrounding the inner periphery of a given intake slit and thus can be retained by the valve body.

According to a further advantageous variant, each of the intake valves of such an engine, when assembled inside an individual intake slit, forms a boundary for the gas inside the combustion chamber that faces each intake slit in the closed state and is exposed to the gas inside the combustion chamber. A surface, ie a surface facing inside the combustion chamber, may be formed and installed so as to be inside the intake slit. Preferably, the innermost surface of the closed intake valve is formed, at least in part, by activatable valve members such that there is no unnecessary space in the combustion chamber facing towards these activatable valve members.

The number of activatable valve elements in this respect preferably consists of a number of leads or lead vanes, of relatively flat and bendable spring leads, and thus easily, each in its own closed state. It may form a boundary of the gas inside the combustion chamber facing the intake slit and form part of the inner surface that is exposed to the gas inside the combustion chamber. Such lead vanes may be disposed entirely within a given intake slit and may form part of the innermost surface of a closed intake valve. However, it should be understood that these wings cannot be bent towards the space of the combustion chamber. Preferably, one or more lead vane type movable valve members are used, but it is conceivable to use other types of passive actuating members such as opening and closing flaps as movable valve members. In this context, "actually acting" means that each valve member operates only by the differential pressure between the pressure in the combustion chamber and the pressure in the scavenging track. This avoids external active regulation of these intake valves, which is costly and difficult to synchronize time to the engine. In other embodiments, a number of activatable valve members or preferably a number of lead vanes are retained in the receptacle.

The valve body needs to be installed on the cylinder at a given individual intake slit. For this purpose, it is also conceivable that the valve body is placed there by the clamping force of the receiving portion into the individual intake slit. The valve body may consist of only the receiving portion.

However, it is difficult to ensure installation or replacement of the intake valve with such a valve body. Thus, the cylinder liner or cylinder according to the invention has at least one ring of intake slit, wherein each intake slit of the ring of intake slit is formed for one individual intake valve, and each intake slit of the ring of intake slit There is provided mounting means for these intake valves.

However, the seating portion between the intake slits in the ring of the intake slits should be formed as narrow as possible to maximize the size of all gas flow passages through the intake slits. Since the intake valves are accommodated in the intake slits, the size of all gas flow passages through the intake slits is already limited on the one hand.

The mounting means of the cylinder or cylinder liner in each individual intake slit is preferably the outer surface of the cylinder circumferential wall in order to preferably install the valve body only in the receiving portion in such a form that it can be easily engaged or dismantled in each intake slit. A tapered engagement groove at the side of the edge and the side of the surface surrounding the inner periphery of each individual intake slit may comprise a binding groove that engages with a binding protrusion formed in each of the valve bodies of the intake valves. Each intake valve may in turn have cantilever type binding protrusions on both periphery sides at the periphery of the outermost cross section of the self-receiving portion, the binding protrusions being the binding groove in the individual intake slit. The binding protrusions are preferably tapered in order to bind to the tapered grooves.

The mounting means of the cylinder or cylinder liner may also have a screw hole in each of the seating parts sandwiched between two adjacent intake valves of the ring of the intake valve, preferably each of the screw holes for the pinned seating line in which the screw holes are aligned in a row. This extends into the cylinder wall due to the requirement that the seat be narrow. Each fitted seat between two adjacent intake valves of the ring of intake valves can be fitted with a mounting bar by screws to be screwed into the threaded holes in the fitted seat. The mounting bar may project over the lateral surfaces of the fitted seat and be pressed over two adjacent intake valves in two adjacent intake slit of the ring of intake slit. Alternatively or alternatively, it is cantilevered over the lateral surface of the threaded seat and can apply pressure to two adjacent intake valves in two adjacent intake slit of the ring of intake slit.

The size or shape of the receiving portion of the valve body of the intake valve according to the invention or according to the invention of the entire valve body is determined in advance by the form or style of the intake slit of the ring of the intake slit of the cylinder or cylinder liner according to the invention. Such intake slits usually have a form extending in the cylinder axial direction and extend with a constant cross section from the outside to the inside of the cylinder wall. That is, the seating portion caught in the middle between adjacent intake slits gradually narrows from the outside to the inside. In addition, these intake slits usually have a plane arranged parallel to a plane extending in the radial direction of the cylinder. In order to make the rotation in the flow of the scavenging gas to enhance gas mixing in the combustion chamber, the direction in which each intake slit of the ring of the intake slit travels through the cylinder wall is angled with respect to the radial direction of the cylinder. Most preferably at an angle of between 10 ° and 25 °, such as 20 °.

For clarity, the geometry of the intake valve of the present invention in this application is determined based on the geometry of the intake slit provided with the intake valve, where the cylinder is considered to have an axis perpendicular to the crankshaft at the bottom. It should be noted that the intake valve is not limited by these criteria used for such cylinders.

In order to form a seal for the intake valve of the above type, the receiving portion of the valve body (in other words, the entire valve body) is provided with gas passages when viewed from the inside of the cylinder, assembled in an individual intake slit. In order to form a seal for the intake slit to be passed by, in particular, if the body of the intake valve is exclusively comprised by the receiving portion, it may have an elongated form, such as the area of the individual intake slit. Regardless of whether the intake valve body consists exclusively of the receiving portion, the receiving portion is on the inside of the intake slit, on the upper contact wall portion on one narrow side at the top in the assembled state and on the one narrow side on the lower side in the slit assembled. A lower contact wall portion and a central portion connecting these upper and lower contact wall portions and passed by gas passages.

The upper contact wall portion has an outer surface formed to contact the upper portion of the surface surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit over the entire width of the individual intake slit, for example, having a convexly curved wall, for receiving the valve body entering the individual intake slit. Protrudes from the outer end of the part to the innermost end of the receptacle of the valve body, preferably in contact with the upper end, and the lower contact wall portion in contact with the bottom of the surface surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit over the entire width of the individual intake slit. It has an outer surface formed, for example with a convexly curved wall, protrudes from the outer end of the receptacle of the valve body into the individual intake slit to the innermost end of the receptacle of the valve body, preferably in contact with the lower end. Thus, such a portion of the receptacle, which is constructed entirely of material and does not or does not contain a certain number of movable valve members, such as the walls of the contact wall portions above, protrudes to the innermost end of the receptacle, The main part of the inner space of the intake slit and which does not contribute to the overall size of the gas passages is filled to prevent the dead space.

In a further preferred development, in the state assembled inside the individual intake slit, the central portion has a substantially triangular envelope of contour, in size and shape over the entire length between the upper contact wall portion and the lower contact wall portion. It is constant and has a horizontal cross section with lateral slopes tapered in the inward direction. Both side slopes abut the side of the surface that wraps around the inside of the individual intake slits over the entire length, at least one of the side slopes preferably both of which are passed by gas passages. With this central portion, a number of lead vanes may be supported on the side slopes to cover the gas passages in the closed position, and in an open position, a number of lead vanes may be It may be fixed and bent to face the side of the surface that wraps around the inside of the intake slit with the inner end of each lead wing bent.

For this purpose, the central portion preferably has a certain number of preferably flat support surfaces corresponding to a certain number of spring leads on its side slopes, and in the closed position covering the gas passages the spring leads on their side slopes. Supported.

The lateral slopes preferably extend from the outermost end to the innermost end to reduce dead space. The direction in which the intake slit at which the intake valve is intended is directed inwardly of the cylinder is not only at an angle to the radial direction toward the center of the circle, but also preferably to this side slope to make or assist rotation of the scavenging gas flow in the combustion chamber. They have different lengths, so that this triangular envelope is not isosceles and is inclined by the inclination angles of both slopes, preferably about 10 to 25 degrees, such as 20 degrees, with respect to the isosceles triangle.

In particular, for this form of the central part, one of the sides of the central part such that each of the predetermined number of spring leads is formed in a quadrangle and extends inward into the individual intake slit at least in the assembled state. It is preferred to be connected to the connection from above. Each spring lead or lead vane can be fixedly connected to the central part or clamped between the outer surface of the central part, preferably the tapered binding projections and the side of the surface surrounding the inside of the intake slit.

In order to support the central portion with its tapered slopes inside the intake slit, at least one preferably a plurality of mutually spaced support ribs are provided on each lateral side of the tapered central portion, the support ribs being assembled individually intake It protrudes from the center on the side slopes, preferably laterally in the horizontal direction, in contact with the side of the surface surrounding the inner periphery of the slit.

Preferably, the central portion has two lateral outermost seats that laterally connect the upper contact wall portion and the lower contact wall portion, and one innermost end seat that connects the upper contact wall portion and the lower contact wall portion, so that the side portion is lateral. Each of the slopes extends from one side facing the side of the innermost end seat to the side facing one of the lateral outermost seats.

 On the side facing the side of each lateral outermost seat, one of the binding protrusions can be aligned. Preferably, the binding protrusions extend along the entire lateral outermost seat. Preferably, the binding protrusions project laterally over the lateral sides of the upper contact wall portion and the lower contact wall portion. The lateral surface of each of the binding protrusions, which preferably rises against the corresponding surface of the corresponding binding grooves, forms at least partially the flat lateral surface of the corresponding lateral outermost seat. This means that each of the binding protrusions can form an integral part with a lateral outermost seat with a common flat lateral surface. Thus, the central portion and the entire valve body have a low precision geometry that is easy to manufacture, such as casting. As a result, according to a preferred development, the valve body can be integrally cast from cast steel, preferably gray cast iron.

A number of gas passages may be formed at one slope, preferably at both slopes, of the central portion between each of the upper contact wall portion, the lower contact wall portion, the innermost seat portion and the lateral outermost seat portion.

For a reliable and inexpensive fixation of a number of spring leads, the central portion may have a number of flat connection surfaces corresponding to a number of spring leads and looking to the side of the surface surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit. In the state assembled in the individual intake slit, a certain number of spring leads can be clamped between a corresponding number of connection surfaces and the side of the surface surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit. A number of flat connecting surfaces can be formed integrally with the flat lateral surface of the seat, on one, preferably on both lateral outermost seats, preferably, on one or both lateral outermost seats. It can be formed on such a portion of the flat lateral surface, with the lateral outermost seats simultaneously forming the lateral surface of the binding protrusions. Thus, a certain number of spring leads can be clamped between the lateral surface of the binding projection and the corresponding surface of the corresponding binding groove.

As a matter of simplified installation and transport of the intake valve, only in the above preferred further embodiment, the number of spring leads is pre-connected to the number of connection surfaces, for example by bonding or soldering or spot welding.

In addition, on the innermost end seat on the individual lateral side of the gas passages, the intake valve may have a portion that constitutes a certain number of flat surfaces of a corresponding number of support surfaces of a number of spring leads. This number of flat surfaces may be one flat surface on each lateral side of the innermost end seat.

In addition, a number of support surfaces may be formed at least in part by the lateral surfaces of the intermediate connecting lands, wherein the intermediate connecting seats are in the inner seat and the lateral outermost on the slope of the central part with the gas passages. Connect at least one of the outer seats. The lateral surfaces of the intermediate connection seats can be aligned with a number of flat surfaces on the slopes of the innermost end seat and the connection surfaces on the outermost seat, so that the flat spring leads are closed in the intake valve. Is supported with the whole body.

With support by intermediate connecting seats, buckling of the spring leads in the closed state of the intake valve can be reliably prevented even when there is an overpressure of 8-10 bar in the combustion chamber relative to the scavenging track.

 In addition, the intake valve having both outermost lateral seats and innermost seats may have at least one, preferably a plurality of mutually spaced apart, distinct lips which vertically meet the inner seat and both outer seats within the seats. have. Since the cross section inside the seats is approximately triangular, the segmenting lips are also approximately triangular. By means of the separating lips an additional hardness of the receptacle of the valve body can be obtained.

If the separation lips are completely filled with material and therefore gas is not permeable, that is, if the separation ribs separate the gas passages above each division lip from the gas passages below each division lip unreachable, a more significant effect may be obtained. Can be. The leakage of the gas inside the combustion chamber into the space below the piston at the piston position, where the piston ring package passes the ring of the intake valve, can then be at least reduced, though this cannot be prevented. This effect is intensified if the segmenting lips continue to the support lips, for example outside of the lateral slopes of the central part of the valve body.

To prevent the above shortcut effect, the distance between two adjacent separating lips, the distance between the separating lip adjacent to the upper contact wall and the upper contact wall and the distance between the separating lip adjacent to the lower contact wall and the lower contact wall are piston rings It must be smaller than the height of the package.

The cylinder or cylinder liner of an engine equipped with the advantageous intake valves of the invention may have one or more rings of intake slits filled with intake valves or supplied with an intake valve to delay the opening time during the piston compression stroke. Optionally, if the cylinder or cylinder liner is provided with only one ring of intake slit, the intake valves according to the invention may be used during the inflation stroke, even if the overpressure inside the combustion chamber is 8-10 bar when compared to the scavenging track. By keeping the intake slits closed, it is also possible to position the intake slits in a higher position or to make longer intake slits with a top that reaches a higher position without the intake valves according to the invention.

Furthermore, in a large two-stroke uniflow engine with intake valves, the opening of the exhaust valve allows the expansion stroke piston to be bottom centered (BDC) in order to use most of the pressure / energy in the cylinder to act as the top of the piston. until completion at the dead center, for example, during the expansion stroke, the pressure in the combustion chamber may be delayed to an opening time at 2-3 bar.

1 is a perspective view of a cylinder according to the present invention provided with an intake valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1;
3 is a perspective view of one of the intake valves shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
4 is a perspective view as seen from another direction of the intake valve of FIG. 3 in an open state;
5 is a perspective view corresponding to FIG. 4 of an intake valve in a closed state;
6 is a perspective view of the valve body of the intake valve shown in the preceding figures;
FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of the intake valve with open leads; FIG.
8 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 7 showing an intake valve having a closed lid;
9 is an enlarged view of the detail section VII in FIG. 2;
FIG. 10 is a view of a portion derived from the ground from area VII of FIG.

Hereinafter, features and effects of the present invention will be described with reference to the above drawings.

First, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a cylinder liner 2 having a cylindrical circumferential wall 3 with the same intake slit 8 arranged as a ring 4 of the intake slit 8 is disclosed. do. In the ring 4 of this intake slit, each pair of adjacent intake slit 8 is spaced apart and separated by a pinched seat 9. The intake slit 8 of the intake slit ring 4 includes the same intake valves 1 having a generally V-shaped cross section of FIG. 2, in which the intake valve 1 is viewed from the outside of the cylinder. Inside the slit 8, it is completely received in the outer zone along the area of each intake slit 4.

One of these intake valves 1 is shown entirely in FIGS. 3 to 5. The intake valve generally consists of a valve body 5 having an elongated shape and size predetermined by the shape and size of these intake slits 8, into the intake slit 8. Is adjusted. In general, the valve body 5 consists of an upper contact wall portion 13a and a lower contact wall portion 13b, which are connected by a central portion 10. The central portion 10 has lead vanes 6 on one side of itself and also lead vanes 7 on its opposite side.

When viewed from the outside of the cylinder liner 3, the upper contact wall portion and the lower contact wall portion protrude convexly and protrude with a constant cross section in the direction of each intake slit 8. The central portion 10 has two inwardly tapered sides, and has flanks projecting from the outermost end to the innermost end of the upper contact wall portion and the lower contact wall portions 13a and 13b. These lead vanes or spring leads 6, 7 have a generally rectangular shape in which one end is fixedly coupled to the outer end of each side slope of the central portion 10, and the gas passage of FIG. 6 through the central portion 10 is provided. The flap valve can act with the ends facing inwardly of their members to close (16) as shown in FIG. 5 or open as shown in FIG. In the closed position, like the closed portion of Fig. 9, they are supported on each slope of the central portion 10, and in the open position, they are supported on the surface surrounding the inner periphery of each intake slit.

The valve body 5 is shown in detail in FIG. The central portion 10 of the valve body has two lateral outermost seats 11 at the lateral furthest end of the central portion 10 and an innermost seat at the innermost end of the central portion 10 at which the tip is pointed ( 17). The outermost mounting portions and the innermost mounting portions 11 and 17 connect the upper contact wall portion and the lower contact wall portions 13a and 13b therebetween. On the lateral slopes of the central portion 10, the intermediate connecting webs and the intermediate connecting seats 14 are perpendicular to the outermost seats and the innermost seats 11, 17, and the individual outermost seats 11, respectively. And between the individual innermost seats 17. The intermediate connection seats 14 are for the spring leads 6, 7 in the closed position of FIG. 9 together with the flat surfaces 20 on the lateral slopes of the innermost seat 17 of FIG. 7. Support surfaces 14, 20 are formed.

On the lateral slopes of the lateral outermost seats 11, flat surfaces 18 are formed which form the connecting surfaces 18, on which the spring leads 6, 7, for example spot welds. By the valve body 5. The gas passages 16 pass through the side slopes of the central portion 10 between the intermediate connection seats 14. These gas passages 16 are closed when the spring leads 6, 7 are supported on the support surfaces 14, 20, as in the closed position of FIGS. 8 and 9, and the inlet as in the open positions of FIGS. 7 and 9. It is opened when supported by the side portion of the wall (surface) surrounding the inner periphery of the slit 8.

On each lateral side of the tapered central portion 10 there are two mutually spaced support lips 12. This support lip 12 projects laterally in the inlet slit 8 to support the valve body 5, that is to say it protrudes laterally as far as the upper and lower contact wall portions 13a, 13b. 9 and 10, the lateral portions of the surface 31 surrounding the inner periphery of the intake slit 8 extend in a plane parallel to each other.

In addition, the outermost seating portions 11 and the innermost seating portions on both sides are connected to each other over the inside of the lateral slopes by the separating lips 15 which are usually triangular. The division lips 15 are evenly distributed over the length of the center portion 10, and the top and bottom division lips 15 are adjacent to the upper contact wall portion 13a and the lower contact wall portion 13b. It has a distance corresponding to the distance between the separation lips of the. This distance, on the other hand, is longer than the height of the piston ring package of the reversible piston in the cylinder. Thus, the undesirable shortcut for the gas in the combustion chamber during the passage of the piston (preferably of the piston ring package) to the space below the piston is at least substantially closed. The size of this shortcut is reduced to the cross section of the front space of the lateral slopes of the central portion 10. At least in part, this cross section may also be closed if the separating lips 15 continue to the support lips 12 outside of the lateral slopes. Therefore, even if each intake slit 8 is opened at this moment, the passage exiting through the intake slit 8 of the ring 4 of the intake slits by the excess pressure is locked in the scavenging track, so that the gas pressure in the combustion chamber Does not suddenly decrease even when the piston passes.

The intake valve 1 is formed to be completely accommodated in each intake slit 8, as best shown in FIG. This means that the valve body 5 consists only of a receptacle to be introduced together with the spring leads 6, 7 which are fixedly connected from the outside of the cylinder to the individual intake slit 8.

In order to fix the intake valve 1 in the intake slit, the central portion 10 of the valve body 5 is provided with binding projections 19 at the outer ends on both sides, as best seen in FIGS. 7 and 8. These binding protrusions protrude laterally over the lateral ends of the upper and lower contact wall portions 13a, 13b or extend without support. These binding protrusions 19 are an integral portion of the lateral outermost seating portion 11.

These binding protrusions 19 are each chamfered or tapered binding grooves 32 at the outer end of the seating portion 9 located on the outer surface of the cylinder liner 2 and in FIGS. 9 and 10. For engagement with the side of the inner peripheral surface of each intake slit 8 indicated by 31.

 9 and 10, the form and fixing of the intake valves 1 in the intake slits 8 will be described. In Fig. 9, one intake slit 8 is shown with the phrase "closed" together with one closed intake valve 1, and the intake valve near it is opened with the phrase "open". It is shown with (1). This should be understood for illustrative purposes only.

As mentioned above, each intake valve 1 is a respective one at the outer end of each seated portion 9 of the cylinder wall 3 between the intake slits 8 of the ring of intake slits 4. Binding projections 19 for engaging with the chamfers 32 are provided. Between the common surface of each of these laterally engaging projections 19 and each of the lateral outermost seating portions 11, ie the support surface 18 shown in FIG. 6 and the opposing surfaces of each chamfer of the binding groove 32. The spring leads 6, 7 are clamped and fixed in position.

By conforming to the engagement grooves 32 of the binding projection 19, the entire intake valve 1 is fixed against movement into the combustion chamber. In order to fix the intake valve 1 against movement out of each intake slit 8 in the outward direction, each is fixed from the outside over the arranged seats 9 and the lateral ends of the arranged seats 9 are arranged. There are provided installation bars 34 extending upwards, ie extending above the binding projections 19 of the valve body 5 of the intake valves, which drive each intake valve 1 in place.

As best seen in FIG. 10, the distributed seating 9 of the cylinder wall 3 determines the overall size of the gas flow passage through the intake slits 8 of the ring of intake slits filled with the intake valves 1. For the sake of maximization, a space is provided only for the relatively narrow and row of screw holes 33. Therefore, there is not enough space for the installation flange of the intake valves. This problem can be overcome by the mounting bar 34, which is provided with screws 35 screwed into a row of threaded holes 33 in the distributed seating portion 9 of the cylinder wall 3. Is fixed by.

Fig. 10 can be obtained by projecting Fig. 9 outward to the ground so that these screws 34 can be seen. Furthermore, in FIG. 10 the intake valves 1 are shown in cross section through one of the division lips 15.

9 and 10 also show that the intake slits 8 have a constant width as seen in the plane of the cylinder axis. This means that the relocated seats 9 are gradually narrowed inward from the outside of the cylinder 2. Moreover, the axis of symmetry of the intake slits 8 shows a deviation of about 20 degrees in the example shown, with respect to the cylinder radial axis to generate rotation upon the intake of the scavenged gas. The valve body 5 also follows the same deviation as the axis of symmetry of the intake slits with respect to the cylinder radial direction. This means that the zone closure in the cylinder axial plane is not an isosceles triangle but has one short tapered slope with lead 7 and one long tapered slope with lead 6, so that the incoming scavenging air is intaken as shown by the large arrow in FIG. The valves still rotate even if they are located in the intake slit. In fact, the spring leads 6, 7 can be identical in size to make common ports useful.

Modifications or variations of the above embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention.

Claims (17)

An intake valve for a uniflow type large two-stroke engine, comprising: a ring of intake slit that runs through the cylinder wall 3 of the cylinder of the engine and connects the cylinder inner space above the piston of the engine and the scavenging track of the engine ( In the intake valve (1) for opening and closing the gas flow passage through 4),
The intake valve 1 closes the gas flow passage when the pressure of the scavenging track is lower than the pressure in the cylinder inner space, and closes the gas flow passage when the pressure of the scavenging track is higher than the pressure in the cylinder inner space. Opening,
The intake valve 1 has a valve body 5 comprising actuated valve members 6, 7, the valve body 5 being actuated in the gas flow passage. Can be mounted relative to the cylinder to position the poles 6, 7,
The actuated valve members 6, 7 are aligned such that the gas flow passage can move from the open open position to the closed closed position and in the reverse direction,
The intake valve 1 is designed for opening and closing a gas flow passage leading through one individual intake slit 8 of the ring 4 of the intake slit,
The valve body 5 may preferably be mounted to the individual intake slit from the outside of the cylinder and seal for the individual intake slit 8 passed by a number of gas passages 16. ),
The predetermined number of activatable valve members 6, 7 are sized and arranged to open and close the predetermined number of gas passages 16,
The intake valve 1 is sized and the valve body 5 so that the intake slit 8 of the ring 4 of the intake slit 8 adjacent to the individual intake slit 8 can be provided with the same intake valves 1. ) Can be mounted,
The valve body 5 comprises at least substantially a receiving portion formed to be received in the individual intake slit 8, the movable valve members 6, 7 being in the individual intake slit 8. Intake valve (1), characterized in that it is at least substantially received. The method of claim 1,
The receiving portion of the valve body 5 has an elongated form as the individual intake slit 8 when viewed from the inside of the cylinder in an assembled state inside the individual intake slit 8, and an upper contact wall portion 13a. ), A lower contact wall portion 13b, a central portion 10,
The upper contact wall portion has an outer surface formed to contact the upper portion of the surface 31 surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit 8 over the entire width of the individual intake slit 8, for example having a convexly curved wall, Protrude from the outer end of the receptacle of the valve body 5 to the individual intake slit 8 to the innermost end of the receptacle of the valve body 5, preferably in contact with the upper end,
The lower contact wall portion has an outer surface formed to contact the lower portion of the inner peripheral surface of the individual intake slit 8 over the entire width of the individual intake slit 8, for example, has a convexly curved wall, the individual intake slit ( 8 protrudes from the outer end of the receiving portion of the valve body 5 to the innermost end of the receiving portion of the valve body 5, preferably into contact with the lower end,
The central portion (10) connects the upper contact wall portion (13a) and the lower contact wall portion (13b) and is passed by the gas passage (16). 3. The method of claim 2,
In the assembled state inside the individual intake slit 8, the central portion 10 is constant in shape and size over the entire length between the upper contact wall portion 13a and the lower contact wall portion 13b. Having a substantially triangular envelope of contour, a horizontal cross section having a lateral slope tapering inwardly and preferably extending from the outermost end to the innermost end,
The lateral slopes on both sides contact with the side of the surface 31 surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit 8 over the entire length, at least one of the lateral slopes preferably both of the gas passages 16 Passed by)
In particular, the lateral slopes have different lengths, so that the envelope of the triangle is not an isosceles triangle, but is preferably inclined about 20 degrees with respect to one isosceles triangle by the inclination angles of both slopes. The method of claim 3, wherein
At least one and preferably a plurality of mutually spaced apart sides of each of the sides of the tapered central portion 10 and in contact with the sides of the surface 31 surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit 8 at the lateral slopes. To this end, an intake valve (1), characterized in that support ribs (12) are provided which protrude laterally from the central portion (10), preferably in the assembled state in the horizontal direction. 5. The center portion (10) according to any one of claims 2, 3 and 4, wherein the central portion (10) is on both sides around the outermost end of the receptacle and the end of the outer surface of the cylinder and the intake slit (8). Cantilevering binding projections 19 laterally draped over the upper contact wall portion 13a and the lower contact wall portion 13b to engage corresponding mating grooves on the side of the surface 31 surrounding the inner periphery. Equipped with
The binding projection (19) is characterized in that at the outer surfaces form an aligned portion of the two inclined sides of the triangular zone envelope of the horizontal cross section, preferably. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The central portions 11, 14, 15, 16, 17 are two side outermost shells at the outermost end, preferably at the outermost end, which laterally connect the upper contact wall portion 13a and the lower contact wall portion 13b. The innermost seating portion 17 at the innermost end, preferably connecting the seating portions 11 and the upper contact wall portion 13a and the lower contact wall portion 13b. Each of the side slopes extends from a side facing one side of the inner end seat 17 to a side facing one side of the lateral outermost end seat 11,
The predetermined number of gas passages 16 are between each of the upper contact wall portion 13a, the lower contact wall portion 13b, the innermost seating portion 17, and the lateral outermost seating portion 11. Intake valve (1), characterized in that it is formed on at least one side, preferably on both sides. The method according to claim 6,
The lateral outermost seating portions 11 and the innermost seating portion 17 at least meet vertically with at least one of the plurality of spaced apart lip 15, wherein the lip 15 Gas passages 16 on each of the lip 15 inside both lateral seats 11 and the innermost seat 17 are impermeable from gas passages 16 below the lip 15. Intake valve (1), characterized in that for separating automatically. In any of the preceding claims,
The actuated valve member (6, 7) is characterized in that it consists of flat and bent spring leads (6, 7). The method of claim 8,
Each of the spring leads 6, 7 is formed in a quadrangular shape and at least on one of the sides with respect to the valve body 5 at least in the assembled state, preferably with respect to one of the lateral outermost seats 11. Connected inwardly to the respective intake slit 8 at the connecting part 22,
The central portion 10, preferably above the lateral slopes, of the valve body 5 corresponds to a certain number of preferably flat support surfaces 14, 20 corresponding to the predetermined number of spring leads 6, 7. In the closed position covering the gas passages (16), the predetermined number of spring leads (6,7) are supported on the support surfaces. 10. The method according to claim 8 or 9,
The central portion 10 preferably has a number of preferably flat connecting surfaces 18 corresponding to the number of spring leads 6, 7, preferably on the lateral sides of the binding projections 19. And, in the assembled state, the predetermined number of spring leads 6, 7 are clamped between the predetermined number of connecting surfaces 18 and the sides of the surface surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit 8,
The intake valve (1), characterized in that the number of spring leads (6, 7) is preferably preconnected to the number of connection surfaces (18), for example by bonding, soldering or spot welding. The method according to any one of claims 8, 9, 10,
The innermost end seat 17 is in this side of the receptacle of the valve body 5 which forms at least part of the number of support surfaces 14, 20, on each side with gas passages 16. Have or have said number of flat surfaces 20 for said number of spring leads 6, 7 on the side,
At least one of the lateral outermost seats 11 and above the at least one side of the receptacle of the valve body 5 with the gas passages 16 has one connecting surface 18. Connection with the innermost seat 17 by intermediate connecting seats 14 in the region between the innermost seat 17 and forming at least part of the predetermined number of support surfaces 14, 20. Intake valve (1) characterized in that. The method of any one of the preceding terms,
The intake valve (1), characterized in that the valve body (5) consists of one member of cast steel, preferably gray cast iron. A cylinder liner for a uniflow type large two-stroke engine, having a cylindrical wall (3) for forming a portion of a wall of a cylinder of the engine, the cylindrical wall (3) being inside the cylinder on a piston of the engine Passed by at least one ring of intake slit leading through the cylindrical wall 3 to connect a cylinder space and a scavenging track of the engine,
Each intake slit 8 of the ring of intake slit is formed for one individual intake valve according to one of the preceding claims, and the installation means for the intake valve 1 in each intake slit 8 of the ring of intake slit. (32, 33) is provided, the cylinder liner. A cylinder liner according to claim 13,
The installation means 32, 33 in the individual intake slit 8 preferably have a surface 31 which wraps around the inner periphery of the individual intake slit 8 and at the end of the outer surface of the cylinder liner 2. Or a tapered engagement groove 32 for a engagement protrusion 19 formed in each of the intake valves, on the side of
The installation means 32, 33 in each individual intake slit 8 are arranged in a row of thread grooves 33 in each of the distributed seating portions 9 between each two intake slits adjacent to each other in the ring of the intake slit. Cylinder liner (2) characterized in that it comprises a. A large two-stroke engine of the uniflow type, having at least one cylinder with at least a cylinder wall (3), said cylinder wall (3) is capable of separating the inner cylinder space above the piston of the engine and the scavenging track of the engine. Passed by at least one ring of intake slit leading through the cylinder wall 3 to connect,
Each intake slit of the ring (4) of the intake slit is provided with one individual intake valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims. The method of claim 15,
Each individual intake slit 8 is preferably at the end of the outer surface of the cylinder liner 2 and on the side of the surface 31 surrounding the inner periphery of the individual intake slit 8, preferably a tapered binding groove ( 32)
Each of the intake valves (1) is provided with a receiving portion having laterally bound binding projections (19) for engaging into the binding grooves. 17. The method according to claim 15 or 16,
Between at least two mutually adjacent intake slits 8 of the ring of intake slits, the mounting bars 34 are fastened to the row of screw grooves 33 in the distributed seating portion 9. Fixed by
The installation bar (34) protrudes above the lateral surface of the distributed seating portion (9) and is characterized by pressing the intake valves (1) in two adjacent intake slits (8) of the ring of intake slit.

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