CN109162821A - The control method of cylinder, two stroke engine and its working cycles - Google Patents
The control method of cylinder, two stroke engine and its working cycles Download PDFInfo
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- CN109162821A CN109162821A CN201811271364.8A CN201811271364A CN109162821A CN 109162821 A CN109162821 A CN 109162821A CN 201811271364 A CN201811271364 A CN 201811271364A CN 109162821 A CN109162821 A CN 109162821A
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- Prior art keywords
- transfer port
- gas vent
- exhaust valve
- piston
- scavenging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/18—Other cylinders
- F02F1/22—Other cylinders characterised by having ports in cylinder wall for scavenging or charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0215—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinders, it includes cylinder body, the cylinder body is equipped with gas vent and transfer port through its side wall, and the gas vent and the transfer port are at being oppositely arranged, wherein, the high settings such as the highest point of the gas vent is higher than the highest point of the transfer port, and the minimum point of the minimum point of the gas vent and the transfer port is.Therefore this cylinder be applied to two stroke engine when, make its thermal efficiency improve, ventilation quality improve, ventilation effect it is good.The invention further relates to a kind of two stroke engines, to solve the technical problem that the thermal efficiency in the prior art is low, time of exchanging gas is short, ventilation quality is not high.The invention further relates to a kind of control methods of two stroke engine working cycles, to solve the technical problem that the thermal efficiency in the prior art is low, time of exchanging gas is short, ventilation quality is not high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of engines, more particularly, to a kind of cylinder, two stroke engine and its work
Make the control method recycled.
Background technique
The stomata of type, i.e. air inlet, gas vent and transfer port there are three types of on the cylinder of existing two stroke engine, this
Three pores are closed at certain moment by piston respectively.Gas vent and transfer port pore size one on existing cylinder
Sample, and be symmetrically distributed along the axis of cylinder.The low, time of exchanging gas using the two stroke engine thermal efficiency of such cylinder
It is short, ventilation quality is not high.
And existing two stroke engine inlet and outlet overlap period (scavenging period) can account for the 70%~80% of the ventilation phase, and change
Gas process total duration is again more much smaller than four-stroke engine.Therefore existing two stroke engine time of exchanging gas is short, it is fresh to fill
Amount blends for a long time again with exhaust gas, and ventilation quality is not high, and coefficient of residual gas is big, and has a large amount of fresh charges to be lost.It is existing
Two stroke engine due to Before Bottom Dead Center 65~75 ° (CA) begin to be vented, so the expansion working of engine is to this base
This termination (only keeps low pressure work done section).This is equivalent to effective expansion space stroke and reduces, and scavenging will expend more energy in addition,
So its effective thermal efficiency is significantly lower than four-stroke engine, specific fuel consumption is higher, and engine thermal efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cylinder, to solve in the prior art to cause two stroke engine
The technical problem that the thermal efficiency is low, time of exchanging gas is short, ventilation quality is not high.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals: a kind of cylinder,
Including cylinder body, the cylinder body is equipped with gas vent and transfer port through its side wall, and the gas vent and described
Transfer port is at being oppositely arranged, wherein the highest point of the gas vent is higher than the highest point of the transfer port, and the gas vent is most
Low spot is higher than the minimum point of the transfer port.
It should be noted that cylinder body is mainly made of cylinder head, cylinder block and crankcase, also set on cylinder body
There is the air inlet for allowing fuel or air mixture to enter, piston is realized in cylinder body up and down by the crankshaft in crankcase
It is mobile.
Gas vent and transfer port are asymmetric setting in this cylinder, then compared to existing cylinder, when
When applied to two stroke engine, during piston body moves up and down in cylinder body, the closing of gas vent and transfer port
Moment and start-up time mutually stagger.To reduce the time of the fresh gas being filled with and exhaust gas blending, to improve ventilation
Quality reduces residual gas, and avoids a large amount of fresh gas loss being filled with.In addition this cylinder is in engine downlink
Process can achieve the effect of the opposite start-up time for postponing transfer port and gas vent, improve the stroke of engine expansion acting；
Row process on the engine can achieve the effect of the opposite close moment for postponing transfer port and gas vent, and reducing engine has
Compression ratio is imitated, while guaranteeing the sufficient scavenging time, improves scavenging efficiency.
It should be pointed out that the highest point of gas vent is higher than the highest point of transfer port, the minimum point of gas vent is higher than scavenging
The minimum point in hole, then the diameter of gas vent is greater than the diameter of transfer port, so that being vented duration in the present invention is greater than scavenging duration, has
Conducive to residual gas is reduced, ventilation quality is improved.And the highest point of gas vent and transfer port is different, in that case it can be decided that port is opened
With at the time of closing and the flow of ventilation, so as to make full use of time of exchanging gas, and the compression ratio of engine and swollen is influenced
Swollen function.In addition, the minimum point of gas vent and transfer port be etc. high settings i.e. be in the same horizontal position, wherein gas vent and scavenging
The minimum point in hole is determined by piston in bottom dead center position, because taking a breath more abundant when the minimum point of gas vent and transfer port is lower,
It is just nonsensical but after being lower than piston-top surface.
To sum up, when being applied to two stroke engine in this cylinder, the new two-stroke of one kind may be implemented and start
The working cycles of machine, the circulation are mainly characterized by during the entire working cycles piston stroking upward and downlink of engine,
It, can be with to realize that the evening of transfer port and gas vent opens and evening closes by changing the opening and closing moment of transfer port and gas vent
Improve scavenging period, while it is long to make expansion work stroke ratio be effectively compressed stroke, that is, expansion ratio is greater than compression ratio, it is longer
Working stroke can more effectively utilize exhaust gases after combustion remaining high pressure.So fuel efficiency is higher than conventional engines by one
A bit, there is the higher thermal efficiency.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of two stroke engines, and to solve, the thermal efficiency in the prior art is low, changes
The technical problem that the gas time is short, ventilation quality is not high.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals: a kind of two-stroke is started
Machine further includes exhaust valve, exhaust valve actuator, scavenging air valve and scavenging air valve driving including piston and above-mentioned cylinder
Device, the exhaust valve actuator are connected with the exhaust valve, and for driving the exhaust valve rotation or movement, described
Exhaust valve is set to the outside of the gas vent, and for being turned on or off the gas vent；The scavenging valve drive with
The scavenging air valve is connected, and the scavenging air valve rotates or movement, the scavenging air valve are set to the outer of the transfer port for driving
Side, and for being turned on or off the transfer port.
The present invention passes through row by adding exhaust valve, exhaust valve actuator, scavenging air valve and scavenging valve drive respectively
Air valve driving device and scavenging valve drive drive exhaust valve and scavenging air valve, and the need changed with engine operational cycle
It asks, what valve can steadily, accurately control transfer port and gas vent is turned on or off the moment.Therefore one kind may be implemented in the present invention
The working cycles of new two stroke engine, the circulation be mainly characterized by engine entire working cycles piston stroking upward and
During downlink, by changing the opening and closing moment of transfer port and gas vent, to realize the evening of transfer port and gas vent
It opens and evening closes, scavenging period can be improved, while it is long to make expansion work stroke ratio be effectively compressed stroke, that is, expansion ratio is big
In compression ratio, longer working stroke can more effectively utilize the high pressure of exhaust gases after combustion remaining.So fuel efficiency is than passing
Engine of uniting is some higher, has the higher thermal efficiency.
Preferably, the exhaust valve actuator includes link mechanism, telescopic cylinder, oscillating cylinder or motor；Institute
Stating scavenging valve drive includes link mechanism, telescopic cylinder, oscillating cylinder or motor.
The present invention at least has following two scheme；
First, exhaust valve and scavenging air valve can be sheet, with the outer surface of cylinder body at setting is bonded, pass through row respectively
Air valve driving device and scavenging valve drive drive it to move up and down on the outer surface of cylinder body, have reached closing
Or open the effect of transfer port and gas vent.Wherein, the section of exhaust valve and scavenging air valve can be curved surface or plane.Exhaust
Valve drive and scavenging valve drive are telescopic cylinder, telescopic hydraulic bar or link mechanism.Link mechanism includes but not
It is limited to the structure of similar sine mechanism or slider-crank mechanism.Exhaust valve actuator and scavenging valve drive can be fixed
On the outer surface of cylinder body, it can be fixed on the outside of cylinder body, to avoid the interference to piston motion.
Second, exhaust valve and scavenging air valve can be it is rod-shaped, pass through exhaust valve actuator and scavenging valve drive respectively
Its rotation is driven, closing is had reached or opens the effect of transfer port and gas vent.The rotation center position of exhaust valve and scavenging air valve
In the outside in cylinder body, to avoid the interference to piston motion.Wherein, exhaust valve actuator and scavenging valve drive
For oscillating cylinder, motor or link mechanism.Link mechanism includes but is not limited to rocker arm body.Motor include servo motor or
Stepper motor.The outer surface on exhaust valve and scavenging air valve top can be curved surface or plane.When exhaust valve and scavenging air valve top
It when outer surface is curved surface, then is not only convenient for rotating, and when exhaust valve and scavenging air valve can protrude into gas vent after rotation respectively
In transfer port, completely close it.
Further, the structure of second scheme is simple, easily controllable.
Preferably, the gas vent and the transfer port are cylinder, and the axis of the gas vent and the transfer port
The axis of line and the cylinder body is at being vertically arranged.
The inner volume of cylinder body may be cylinder, piston corresponding thereto, and at coaxial arrangement, gas vent and
Transfer port is the cylindrical and axis of axis and cylinder body at being vertically arranged, then when piston is in the inner volume of cylinder body
It is moved to when being turned on or off gas vent and transfer port, when relative to gas vent and transfer port being inclined hole, time of exchanging gas
It is longer, it is easier to control.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of control methods of two stroke engine working cycles, to solve existing skill
The technical problem that the thermal efficiency in art is low, time of exchanging gas is short, ventilation quality is not high.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals: a kind of two stroke engine
The control method of working cycles, the two stroke engine include cylinder body and piston, the row of being equipped on the cylinder body
Stomata and transfer port；And include the following steps,
When the piston moves up in the cylinder body from lower dead center, the transfer port and the gas vent are postponed
Close moment；
When the piston moves down in the cylinder body from top dead centre, the transfer port and the gas vent are postponed
Start-up time.
This method is mainly characterized by passing through during the entire working cycles i.e. piston stroking upward and downlink of engine
Change the opening and closing moment of transfer port and gas vent, to realize that the evening of transfer port and gas vent opens and evening closes, so as to
Improve scavenging period, while it is long to make expansion work stroke ratio be effectively compressed stroke, that is, expansion ratio is greater than compression ratio, it is longer
Working stroke can more effectively utilize exhaust gases after combustion remaining high pressure, to improve fuel efficiency.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of control methods of two stroke engine working cycles, to solve existing skill
The technical problem that the thermal efficiency in art is low, time of exchanging gas is short, ventilation quality is not high.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals: a kind of two stroke engine
The control method of working cycles included the following steps using above-mentioned two stroke engine,
When the piston moves up in the cylinder body from lower dead center, the transfer port and the gas vent are postponed
Close moment；
When the piston moves down in the cylinder body from top dead centre, the transfer port and the gas vent are postponed
Start-up time；
The operating condition for judging engine, according to the engine operation condition judged, to the scavenging valve drive
It is individually controlled with the exhaust valve actuator.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of,
When the piston moves down in the cylinder body from top dead centre and the top surface of the piston is by the exhaust
When the highest point in hole is moved to the minimum point of the gas vent, the exhaust valve is driven by the exhaust valve actuator so that
The gas vent is obtained by the exhaust valve closure；
When the top surface of the piston is moved to the minimum point of the gas vent, driven by the exhaust valve actuator
The exhaust valve is so that the gas vent is arranged at unlatching.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of,
When the piston moves down in the cylinder body from top dead centre and the top surface of the piston is by the scavenging
When the highest point in hole is moved to the minimum point of the transfer port, the scavenging air valve is driven by the scavenging valve drive so that
The transfer port is obtained to be closed by the scavenging air valve；
When the top surface of the piston is moved to the minimum point of the transfer port, driven by the scavenging valve drive
The scavenging air valve is so that the transfer port is arranged at unlatching.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of,
When the piston moves up in the cylinder body from lower dead center and the top surface of the piston is by the scavenging
When the minimum point in hole is moved to the highest point of the transfer port, the scavenging air valve is driven by the scavenging valve drive so that
The transfer port is obtained to be gradually reduced by the area that the scavenging air valve is blocked.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of,
When the piston moves up in the cylinder body from lower dead center and the top surface of the piston is by the exhaust
When the minimum point in hole is moved to the highest point of the gas vent, the exhaust valve is driven by the exhaust valve actuator so that
The gas vent is obtained to be gradually reduced by the area that the exhaust valve is blocked.
The two stroke engine is above-mentioned two stroke engine.Since there is above-mentioned two stroke engine above-mentioned technology to imitate
Fruit uses the control method also technical effect having the same of the two stroke engine working cycles of the two stroke engine.
Specifically, when piston downlink, burn gas expansion for doing work in cylinder body, and exhaust valve drives in exhaust valve at this time
Rotated down under the driving of device so that while the inside of gas vent is gradually opened by piston the outside of gas vent always
By exhaust valve closure.When the top surface of piston is moved to the minimum point of gas vent, exhaust valve rotation, so that at gas vent
In the state fully opened, therefore the present invention has postponed the start-up time of gas vent, so that the two-stroke that this method is controlled is started
Machine has longer expansion stroke than existing two stroke engine, and long expansion stroke can make full use of the expansion of burning gases
Function reduces the energy that exhaust gas is taken away, so as to improve the thermal efficiency.
Meanwhile scavenging air valve moves downward as exhaust valve, scavenging air valve turns downwards under the driving of scavenging valve drive
It is dynamic, so that being closed always by scavenging air valve while the inside of transfer port is gradually opened by piston side wall in the outside of transfer port.
When the top surface of piston is moved to the minimum point of transfer port, scavenging air valve rotation fully opens so that transfer port is in
State, therefore the present invention has postponed the start-up time of transfer port, avoids the fresh gas loss being filled with.
When piston stroking upward, it is also gas vent that piston-top surface, which arrives first at the transfer port lower edge i.e. minimum point of transfer port,
Minimum point, scavenging air valve is rotated up under the driving of scavenging valve drive at this time, so that the inside of transfer port is lived gradually
The outside of transfer port is also gradually opened by scavenging air valve while plug side wall blocks, until the top surface of piston is moved to transfer port most
When high point, transfer port is just completely closed by piston.To postpone the close moment of scavenging air valve.At this point, gas vent is not due to having
Piston closing, gas vent is in the open state, and the fresh air that the residual gas of a upper working cycles is swept up scans out.Transfer port
Evening closes, and can increase into the amount of fresh air in cylinder body, so that scavenging is more abundant, can reduce the residual gas in cylinder
Amount efficiently solves piston downlink transfer port evening pass and postpones the hidden danger that the start-up time of transfer port brings ground scavenging insufficient.
Meanwhile exhaust valve is rotated up under the driving of exhaust valve actuator so that the inside of gas vent gradually by
The outside of gas vent is also gradually opened by exhaust valve while piston side wall blocks, until the top surface of piston is moved to gas vent
When highest point, gas vent is just completely closed by piston.To postpone the close moment of exhaust valve.At this point, due to gas vent
Highest point is higher than the highest point of transfer port, and transfer port is also at by piston completely closed state, therefore really compression travel
Just start, so, the compression travel for the two stroke engine that this method is controlled is just than traditional two stroke engine pressure
Indention journey wants short, and the expansion stroke for the two stroke engine that this method is controlled is than the expansion row of existing two stroke engine
Cheng Yaochang, i.e., so that expansion work stroke ratio to be effectively compressed stroke long, that is, expansion ratio is greater than compression ratio, and longer acting is gone
Journey can more effectively utilize the high pressure of exhaust gases after combustion remaining, so that the fuel oil for the two stroke engine that this method is controlled is imitated
Rate is more some higher than conventional engines, has the higher thermal efficiency and preferably fuel economy.
It should be noted that " postponement " signified in the present invention be compared with the prior art for, reach postpone transfer port and
The effect for being turned on or off the moment of gas vent, the especially present invention, can be preferably after installing scavenging air valve and exhaust valve additional
Control and postpone transfer port and gas vent is turned on or off the moment.
Based on this, the present invention has long effective expansion space stroke, thermal efficiency height, engine consumption low compared with original technology, and
The good advantage of engine fuel economy.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Attached drawing 1 is the structural schematic diagram of inventive engine cylinder；
Attached drawing 2 is the structural schematic diagram of present invention two stroke engine in piston downlink process；
Attached drawing 3 is the structural schematic diagram of present invention two stroke engine during piston stroking upward；
Attached drawing 4 is the port timing comparison diagram of the present invention and existing two stroke engine.
Icon: 1- cylinder body；2- piston；3- gas vent；4- transfer port；5- exhaust valve；6- exhaust valve actuator；7-
Scavenging air valve；8- scavenging valve drive.
It should be noted that black portions indicate scavenging phase of the invention in Fig. 4, hatched parts indicate to use
The scavenging phase of existing two stroke engine.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
Personnel's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as " liquid flat ", "inner", "outside" be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to
Convenient for description the present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation,
It is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ",
" third " is used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
The embodiment one of cylinder:
See that Fig. 1, a kind of cylinder, including cylinder body 1, cylinder body 1 are equipped with the gas vent 3 through its side wall
With transfer port 4, and gas vent 3 and transfer port 4 are at being oppositely arranged, wherein the highest point of gas vent 3 is higher than the highest of transfer port 4
Point, the minimum point of gas vent 3 are higher than the minimum point of transfer port 4.
It should be noted that cylinder body is mainly made of cylinder head, cylinder block and crankcase, also set on cylinder body
There is the air inlet for allowing fuel or air mixture to enter, piston is realized in cylinder body up and down by the crankshaft in crankcase
It is mobile.
Gas vent and transfer port are asymmetric setting in this cylinder, then compared to existing cylinder, when
When applied to two stroke engine, during piston body moves up and down in cylinder body, the closing of gas vent and transfer port
Moment and start-up time mutually stagger.To reduce the time of the fresh gas being filled with and exhaust gas blending, to improve ventilation
Quality reduces residual gas, and avoids a large amount of fresh gas loss being filled with.In addition this cylinder is in engine downlink
Process can achieve the effect of the opposite start-up time for postponing transfer port and gas vent, improve the stroke of engine expansion acting；
Row process on the engine can achieve the effect of the opposite close moment for postponing transfer port and gas vent, and reducing engine has
Compression ratio is imitated, while guaranteeing the sufficient scavenging time, improves scavenging efficiency.
It should be pointed out that the highest point of gas vent is higher than the highest point of transfer port, the minimum point of gas vent is higher than scavenging
The minimum point in hole, then the diameter of gas vent is greater than the diameter of transfer port, so that being vented duration in the present invention is greater than scavenging duration, has
Conducive to residual gas is reduced, ventilation quality is improved.And the highest point of gas vent and transfer port is different, in that case it can be decided that port is opened
With at the time of closing and the flow of ventilation, so as to make full use of time of exchanging gas, and the compression ratio of engine and swollen is influenced
Swollen function.In addition, the minimum point of gas vent and transfer port be etc. high settings i.e. be in the same horizontal position, wherein gas vent and scavenging
The minimum point in hole is determined by piston in bottom dead center position, because taking a breath more abundant when the minimum point of gas vent and transfer port is lower,
It is just nonsensical but after being lower than piston-top surface.
To sum up, when being applied to two stroke engine in this cylinder, the new two-stroke of one kind may be implemented and start
The working cycles of machine, the circulation are mainly characterized by during the entire working cycles piston stroking upward and downlink of engine,
It, can be with to realize that the evening of transfer port and gas vent opens and evening closes by changing the opening and closing moment of transfer port and gas vent
Improve scavenging period, while it is long to make expansion work stroke ratio be effectively compressed stroke, that is, expansion ratio is greater than compression ratio, it is longer
Working stroke can more effectively utilize exhaust gases after combustion remaining high pressure.So fuel efficiency is higher than conventional engines by one
A bit, there is the higher thermal efficiency.
The embodiment one of two stroke engine:
See Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of two stroke engine, including piston 2 and above-mentioned cylinder, further include exhaust valve 5,
Exhaust valve actuator 6, scavenging air valve 7 and scavenging valve drive 8, exhaust valve actuator 6 is connected with exhaust valve 5, and is used for
The rotation of exhaust valve 5 or mobile is driven, exhaust valve 5 is set to the outside of gas vent 3, and for being turned on or off gas vent 3；It sweeps
Air valve driving device 8 is connected with scavenging air valve 7, and scavenging air valve 7 rotates or movement, scavenging air valve 7 are set to transfer port 4 for driving
Outside, and for being turned on or off transfer port 4.
The present invention passes through row by adding exhaust valve, exhaust valve actuator, scavenging air valve and scavenging valve drive respectively
Air valve driving device and scavenging valve drive drive exhaust valve and scavenging air valve, and the need changed with engine operational cycle
It asks, what valve can steadily, accurately control transfer port and gas vent is turned on or off the moment.Therefore one kind may be implemented in the present invention
The working cycles of new two stroke engine, the circulation be mainly characterized by engine entire working cycles piston stroking upward and
During downlink, by changing the opening and closing moment of transfer port and gas vent, to realize the evening of transfer port and gas vent
It opens and evening closes, scavenging period can be improved, while it is long to make expansion work stroke ratio be effectively compressed stroke, that is, expansion ratio is big
In compression ratio, longer working stroke can more effectively utilize the high pressure of exhaust gases after combustion remaining.So fuel efficiency is than passing
Engine of uniting is some higher, has the higher thermal efficiency.
See that Fig. 2, Fig. 3, exhaust valve actuator 6 include link mechanism, telescopic cylinder, oscillating cylinder ontology or motor；
Scavenging valve drive 8 includes link mechanism, telescopic cylinder ontology, oscillating cylinder or motor.
The present invention at least has following two scheme；
First, exhaust valve and scavenging air valve can be sheet, with the outer surface of cylinder body at setting is bonded, pass through row respectively
Air valve driving device and scavenging valve drive drive it to move up and down on the outer surface of cylinder body, have reached closing
Or open the effect of transfer port and gas vent.Wherein, the section of exhaust valve and scavenging air valve can be curved surface or plane.Exhaust
Valve drive and scavenging valve drive are telescopic cylinder, telescopic hydraulic bar or link mechanism.Link mechanism includes but not
It is limited to the structure of similar sine mechanism or slider-crank mechanism.Exhaust valve actuator and scavenging valve drive can be fixed
On the outer surface of cylinder body, it can be fixed on the outside of cylinder body, to avoid the interference to piston motion.
Second, exhaust valve and scavenging air valve can be it is rod-shaped, pass through exhaust valve actuator and scavenging valve drive respectively
Its rotation is driven, closing is had reached or opens the effect of transfer port and gas vent.The rotation center position of exhaust valve and scavenging air valve
In the outside in cylinder body, to avoid the interference to piston motion.Wherein, exhaust valve actuator and scavenging valve drive
For oscillating cylinder, motor or link mechanism.Link mechanism includes but is not limited to rocker arm body.Motor include servo motor or
Stepper motor.The outer surface on exhaust valve and scavenging air valve top can be curved surface or plane.When exhaust valve and scavenging air valve top
It when outer surface is curved surface, then is not only convenient for rotating, and when exhaust valve and scavenging air valve can protrude into gas vent after rotation respectively
In transfer port, completely close it.
In the present embodiment, selection is second scheme, and structure is simple, easily controllable.
See Fig. 2, gas vent 3 and transfer port 4 are cylinder, and the axis of gas vent 3 and transfer port 4 and cylinder body 1
Axis is at being vertically arranged.
The inner volume of cylinder body may be cylinder, piston corresponding thereto, and at coaxial arrangement, gas vent and
Transfer port is the cylindrical and axis of axis and cylinder body at being vertically arranged, then when piston is in the inner volume of cylinder body
It is moved to when being turned on or off gas vent and transfer port, when relative to gas vent and transfer port being inclined hole, time of exchanging gas
It is longer, it is easier to control.
The embodiment one of the control method of two stroke engine working cycles:
See Fig. 4, a kind of control method of two stroke engine working cycles, the two stroke engine includes cylinder body
And piston, gas vent and transfer port are equipped on the cylinder body；And include the following steps,
When piston 2 moves up in cylinder body 1 from lower dead center, the close moment of transfer port 4 and gas vent 3 is postponed；
When piston 2 moves down in cylinder body 1 from top dead centre, the start-up time of transfer port 4 and gas vent 3 is postponed.
This method is mainly characterized by passing through during the entire working cycles i.e. piston stroking upward and downlink of engine
Change the opening and closing moment of transfer port and gas vent, to realize that the evening of transfer port and gas vent opens and evening closes, so as to
Improve scavenging period, while it is long to make expansion work stroke ratio be effectively compressed stroke, that is, expansion ratio is greater than compression ratio, it is longer
Working stroke can more effectively utilize exhaust gases after combustion remaining high pressure, to improve fuel efficiency.
The embodiment two of the control method of two stroke engine working cycles:
See Fig. 4, a kind of control method of two stroke engine working cycles, using above-mentioned two stroke engine, including
Following steps,
When piston 2 moves up in cylinder body 1 from lower dead center, the close moment of transfer port 4 and gas vent 3 is postponed；
When piston 2 moves down in cylinder body 1 from top dead centre, the start-up time of transfer port 4 and gas vent 3 is postponed；
The operating condition for judging engine, according to the engine operation condition judged, to scavenging valve drive 8 and row
Air valve driving device 6 is individually controlled.
When piston 2 moved down in cylinder body 1 from top dead centre and the top surface of piston 2 by gas vent 3 highest point move
When moving the minimum point of gas vent 3, drive exhaust valve 5 so that gas vent is closed by exhaust valve 5 by exhaust valve actuator 6
It closes；
When the top surface of piston 2 is moved to the minimum point of gas vent 3, by exhaust valve actuator 6 drive exhaust valve 5 with
So that gas vent is arranged at unlatching.
When piston 2 moved down in cylinder body 1 from top dead centre and the top surface of piston 2 by transfer port 4 highest point move
When moving the minimum point of transfer port 4, drive scavenging air valve 7 so that transfer port is closed by scavenging air valve 7 by scavenging valve drive 8
It closes；
When the top surface of piston 2 is moved to the minimum point of transfer port 4, by scavenging valve drive 8 drive scavenging air valve 7 with
So that transfer port is arranged at unlatching.
When piston 2 moved up in cylinder body 1 from lower dead center and the top surface of piston 2 by transfer port 4 minimum point move
When moving the highest point of transfer port 4, drive scavenging air valve 7 so that transfer port is blocked up by scavenging air valve 7 by scavenging valve drive 8
The area of plug is gradually reduced.
When piston 2 moved up in cylinder body 1 from lower dead center and the top surface of piston 2 by gas vent 3 minimum point move
When moving the highest point of gas vent 3, drive exhaust valve 5 so that gas vent is blocked up by exhaust valve 5 by exhaust valve actuator 6
The area of plug is gradually reduced.
The two stroke engine is above-mentioned two stroke engine.Since there is above-mentioned two stroke engine above-mentioned technology to imitate
Fruit uses the control method also technical effect having the same of the two stroke engine working cycles of the two stroke engine.
Specifically, when piston downlink, burn gas expansion for doing work in cylinder body, and exhaust valve drives in exhaust valve at this time
Rotated down under the driving of device so that while the inside of gas vent is gradually opened by piston the outside of gas vent always
By exhaust valve closure.When the top surface of piston is moved to the minimum point of gas vent, exhaust valve rotation, so that at gas vent
In the state fully opened, therefore the present invention has postponed the start-up time of gas vent, so that the two-stroke that this method is controlled is started
Machine has longer expansion stroke than existing two stroke engine, and long expansion stroke can make full use of the expansion of burning gases
Function reduces the energy that exhaust gas is taken away, so as to improve the thermal efficiency.
Meanwhile scavenging air valve moves downward as exhaust valve, scavenging air valve turns downwards under the driving of scavenging valve drive
It is dynamic, so that being closed always by scavenging air valve while the inside of transfer port is gradually opened by piston side wall in the outside of transfer port.
When the top surface of piston is moved to the minimum point of transfer port, scavenging air valve rotation fully opens so that transfer port is in
State, therefore the present invention has postponed the start-up time of transfer port, avoids the fresh gas loss being filled with.
When piston stroking upward, it is also gas vent that piston-top surface, which arrives first at the transfer port lower edge i.e. minimum point of transfer port,
Minimum point, scavenging air valve is rotated up under the driving of scavenging valve drive at this time, so that the inside of transfer port is lived gradually
The outside of transfer port is also gradually opened by scavenging air valve while plug side wall blocks, until the top surface of piston is moved to transfer port most
When high point, transfer port is just completely closed by piston.To postpone the close moment of scavenging air valve.At this point, gas vent is not due to having
Piston closing, gas vent is in the open state, and the fresh air that the residual gas of a upper working cycles is swept up scans out.Transfer port
Evening closes, and can increase into the amount of fresh air in cylinder body, so that scavenging is more abundant, can reduce the residual gas in cylinder
Amount efficiently solves piston downlink transfer port evening pass and postpones the hidden danger that the start-up time of transfer port brings ground scavenging insufficient.
Meanwhile exhaust valve is rotated up under the driving of exhaust valve actuator so that the inside of gas vent gradually by
The outside of gas vent is also gradually opened by exhaust valve while piston side wall blocks, until the top surface of piston is moved to gas vent
When highest point, gas vent is just completely closed by piston.To postpone the close moment of exhaust valve.At this point, due to gas vent
Highest point is higher than the highest point of transfer port, and transfer port is also at by piston completely closed state, therefore really compression travel
Just start, so, the compression travel for the two stroke engine that this method is controlled is just than traditional two stroke engine pressure
Indention journey wants short, and the expansion stroke for the two stroke engine that this method is controlled is than the expansion row of existing two stroke engine
Cheng Yaochang, i.e., so that expansion work stroke ratio to be effectively compressed stroke long, that is, expansion ratio is greater than compression ratio, and longer acting is gone
Journey can more effectively utilize the high pressure of exhaust gases after combustion remaining, so that the fuel oil for the two stroke engine that this method is controlled is imitated
Rate is more some higher than conventional engines, has the higher thermal efficiency and preferably fuel economy.
It should be noted that referring to figure 4., for signified " postponement " is compared with the prior art in the present invention, reaching and pushing away
The effect for being turned on or off the moment of slow transfer port and gas vent, it is especially of the invention after installing scavenging air valve and exhaust valve additional,
Can preferably control and postpone transfer port and gas vent is turned on or off the moment.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cylinder, including cylinder body, it is characterised in that: the cylinder body is equipped with the row through its side wall
Stomata and transfer port, and the gas vent and the transfer port are at being oppositely arranged, wherein the highest point of the gas vent is higher than institute
State the highest point of transfer port, the high settings such as the minimum point of the minimum point of the gas vent and the transfer port is.
2. a kind of two stroke engine, it is characterised in that: including piston and cylinder as described in claim 1, also wrap
Include exhaust valve, exhaust valve actuator, scavenging air valve and scavenging valve drive, the exhaust valve actuator and the exhaust valve
It is connected, and for driving the exhaust valve rotation or movement, the exhaust valve is set to the outside of the gas vent, and for opening
Open or close the gas vent；The scavenging valve drive is connected with the scavenging air valve, and for driving the scavenging air valve
Rotation is mobile, and the scavenging air valve is set to the outside of the transfer port, and for being turned on or off the transfer port.
3. two stroke engine according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the exhaust valve actuator includes connecting rod machine
Structure, telescopic cylinder, oscillating cylinder or motor；The scavenging valve drive includes link mechanism, telescopic cylinder, oscillating cylinder
Or motor.
4. two stroke engine according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the gas vent and the transfer port are cylinder
Shape, and the axis of the axis of the gas vent and the transfer port and the cylinder body is at being vertically arranged.
5. a kind of control method of two stroke engine working cycles, it is characterised in that: the two stroke engine includes cylinder
Ontology and piston are equipped with gas vent and transfer port on the cylinder body；And include the following steps,
When the piston moves up in the cylinder body from lower dead center, the pass of the transfer port and the gas vent is postponed
Close the moment；
When the piston moves down in the cylinder body from top dead centre, opening for the transfer port and the gas vent is postponed
Open the moment.
6. a kind of control method of two stroke engine working cycles, it is characterised in that: using such as any one of claim 2 to 4
The two stroke engine, includes the following steps,
When the piston moves up in the cylinder body from lower dead center, the pass of the transfer port and the gas vent is postponed
Close the moment；
When the piston moves down in the cylinder body from top dead centre, opening for the transfer port and the gas vent is postponed
Open the moment；
The operating condition for judging engine, according to the engine operation condition judged, to the scavenging valve drive and institute
Exhaust valve actuator is stated individually to be controlled.
7. the control method of two stroke engine working cycles according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: further include following
Step,
When the piston moves down in the cylinder body from top dead centre and the top surface of the piston is by the gas vent
When highest point is moved to the minimum point of the gas vent, drive the exhaust valve so that institute by the exhaust valve actuator
Gas vent is stated by the exhaust valve closure；
When the top surface of the piston is moved to the minimum point of the gas vent, by described in exhaust valve actuator driving
Exhaust valve is so that the gas vent is arranged at unlatching.
8. the control method of two stroke engine working cycles according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: further include following
Step,
When the piston moves down in the cylinder body from top dead centre and the top surface of the piston is by the transfer port
When highest point is moved to the minimum point of the transfer port, drive the scavenging air valve so that institute by the scavenging valve drive
Transfer port is stated to be closed by the scavenging air valve；
When the top surface of the piston is moved to the minimum point of the transfer port, by described in scavenging valve drive driving
Scavenging air valve is so that the transfer port is arranged at unlatching.
9. the control method of two stroke engine working cycles according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: further include following
Step,
When the piston moves up in the cylinder body from lower dead center and the top surface of the piston is by the transfer port
When minimum point is moved to the highest point of the transfer port, drive the scavenging air valve so that institute by the scavenging valve drive
Transfer port is stated to be gradually reduced by the area that the scavenging air valve is blocked.
10. the control method of two stroke engine working cycles according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: further include with
Lower step,
When the piston moves up in the cylinder body from lower dead center and the top surface of the piston is by the gas vent
When minimum point is moved to the highest point of the gas vent, drive the exhaust valve so that institute by the exhaust valve actuator
Gas vent is stated to be gradually reduced by the area that the exhaust valve is blocked.
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| CN201811271364.8A CN109162821A (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | The control method of cylinder, two stroke engine and its working cycles |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811271364.8A CN109162821A (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | The control method of cylinder, two stroke engine and its working cycles |
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| FR2663081A2 (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1991-12-13 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Two-stroke multi-cylinder engine with pneumatic injection and restriction of flow rate in its transfer ports |
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