KR20130080662A - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Solar cell module Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20130080662A
KR20130080662A KR1020120001592A KR20120001592A KR20130080662A KR 20130080662 A KR20130080662 A KR 20130080662A KR 1020120001592 A KR1020120001592 A KR 1020120001592A KR 20120001592 A KR20120001592 A KR 20120001592A KR 20130080662 A KR20130080662 A KR 20130080662A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
current collector
solar cell
interconnector
electrode current
front electrode
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020120001592A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
이영식
김병수
양혜영
김화년
Original Assignee
엘지전자 주식회사
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 엘지전자 주식회사 filed Critical 엘지전자 주식회사
Priority to KR1020120001592A priority Critical patent/KR20130080662A/en
Publication of KR20130080662A publication Critical patent/KR20130080662A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H01L31/0508—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module the interconnection means having a particular shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

PURPOSE: A solar cell module is provided to reduce the length of an interconnector by optimizing the length of the interconnector according to the lengths and/or the areas of current collection units for a front electrode and a rear electrode. CONSTITUTION: A solar panel includes a plurality of solar cells (110) and interconnectors (120). The solar cell includes a front electrode (113), a current collection unit (114) for the front electrode, a rear electrode, and a current collection unit for the rear electrode. The interconnector electrically connects the current collection unit for the front electrode of one solar cell to the current collection unit for the rear electrode of an adjacent solar cell. The length of an overlap area between the current collection unit and the interconnector is 0.85 to 0.95 times longer than the length of the corresponding current collection unit. The width of the interconnector is equal to the width of the current collection unit for the front electrode or the rear electrode.

Description

Solar cell module {SOLAR CELL MODULE}

The present invention relates to a solar cell module.

Recently, as the depletion of existing energy resources such as oil and coal is predicted, interest in alternative energy to replace them is increasing, and solar cell modules employing solar cells that produce electric energy from solar energy are attracting attention.

The solar cell module includes a solar cell panel in which a plurality of solar cells are installed, and an interconnector for electrically connecting adjacent solar cells in the solar cell panel.

The technical problem of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module having an interconnector having a length optimized according to the size of the substrate.

A solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell panel including a plurality of solar cells including a front electrode current collector and a rear electrode current collector; And an interconnector electrically connecting the front electrode current collector of one solar cell to a current collector for the rear electrode of an adjacent solar cell, wherein the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector are interconnected. The length of the region to be connected to is formed at 0.85 times or more and 0.95 times or less the length of the current collector.

Preferably, in the current collector for the front electrode and the current collector for the back electrode, the length of the region to be connected to the interconnector is formed to be 0.87 times or more of the length of the current collector.

The interconnector may have the same width as at least one of the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell module including: a solar cell panel including a plurality of solar cells including a front electrode current collector and a rear electrode current collector; And an interconnector electrically connecting the front electrode current collector of one solar cell to a current collector for the rear electrode of an adjacent solar cell, wherein the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector are interconnected. The planar area of the region overlapping with is formed at least 0.85 times and less than 0.95 times the area of the current collector.

Preferably, in the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector, the planar area of the region overlapping the interconnector is formed to be 0.87 times or more of the planar current collector area.

The interconnector may have the same width as at least one of the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector.

According to this aspect, the length of the interconnector can be optimized according to the size of the substrate of the solar cell, specifically, the length and / or plane size of the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector. It can reduce the manufacturing cost.

1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the solar cell panel shown in FIG. 1.
3 is a side view illustrating an electrical connection structure between the solar cells illustrated in FIG. 1.
4 is a plan view illustrating an electrical connection structure between the solar cells illustrated in FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of principal parts showing an embodiment of the solar cell shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
6 is a graph showing a voltage change according to the size of the connection area of the interconnector and the current collector, or the ratio of the current collector length to the size of the overlapping area.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention in the drawings, portions not related to the description are omitted, and like reference numerals are given to similar portions throughout the specification.

In the drawings, the thickness is enlarged to clearly represent the layers and regions. When a layer, film, region, plate, or the like is referred to as being "on" another portion, it includes not only the case directly above another portion but also the case where there is another portion in between. Conversely, when a part is "directly over" another part, it means that there is no other part in the middle.

Next, a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the solar cell panel shown in FIG.

3 is a side view illustrating an electrical connection structure between the solar cells illustrated in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating an electrical connection structure between the solar cells illustrated in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a view of the solar cell illustrated in FIG. 1. It is a perspective view of the principal part which shows an Example.

Referring to the drawings, the solar cell module 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a solar cell panel 100 having a plurality of solar cells 110, the frame 200 surrounding the edge of the solar cell panel 100 And a junction box 300 collecting power generated by the solar cells 110.

In addition to the plurality of solar cells 110, the solar cell panel 100 includes an interconnector 120 that electrically connects adjacent solar cells 110, a protective layer 130 that protects the solar cells 110, and a solar cell ( A transparent member 140 is disposed on the passivation layer 130 toward the light receiving surface of the 110, and a back sheet 150 is disposed below the passivation layer 130 opposite to the light receiving surface.

The back sheet 150 protects the solar cell 110 from the external environment by preventing moisture from penetrating at the rear of the solar cell module 10. As such, the back sheet 150 functioning as the back protection member may have a multilayer structure such as a layer for preventing moisture and oxygen penetration, a layer for preventing chemical corrosion, and a layer having insulation characteristics.

The protective film 130 is integrated with the solar cells 110 by a lamination process in a state where the protective films 130 are disposed on the upper and lower sides of the solar cells 110, . As such, the passivation layer 130 serving as a sealing member may be made of a material such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).

The transparent member 140 positioned on the protective film 130 is made of a tempered glass or the like having a high transmittance and excellent breakage prevention function. At this time, the tempered glass may be a low iron tempered glass having a low iron content. As such, the transparent member 140 that functions as the front protective member may be embossed with an inner surface to enhance the light scattering effect.

A plurality of solar cells 110 provided in the solar cell module 10 of the present embodiment is arranged in a matrix structure as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the solar cells 110 are arranged in the row direction and column direction The number of can be adjusted as needed.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, each solar cell 110 includes a substrate 111, an emitter portion 112 and an emitter portion located on a front surface of the substrate 111 to which light is incident, that is, a light receiving surface. The antireflection film positioned on the emitter portion 112 on which the plurality of front electrodes 113 and the front electrode current collector 114, the front electrode 113, and the front electrode current collector 114 are not positioned. 115, a rear electrode 116 located on the opposite side of the light receiving surface, and a current collector 117 for the rear electrode.

The solar cell 110 may further include a back surface field (BSF) portion formed between the back electrode 116 and the substrate 111. The backside electric field 118 is a region in which impurities of the same conductivity type as the substrate 111 are doped at a higher concentration than the substrate 111, for example, a p + region.

This rear electric field 118 acts as a potential barrier at the rear surface of the substrate 111. [ Therefore, the efficiency of the solar cell is improved because the recombination of electrons and holes at the rear side of the substrate 111 and the disappearance thereof are reduced.

The substrate 111 is a semiconductor substrate made of silicon of the first conductivity type, for example, p-type conductivity type. The silicon may be monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon or amorphous silicon. When the substrate 111 has a p-type conductivity type, it contains an impurity of a trivalent element such as boron (B), gallium (Ga), indium (In)

Although not shown, the substrate 111 may be texturized to form the surface of the substrate 111 as a texturing surface.

When the surface of the substrate 111 is formed as a texturing surface, the light reflectance at the light receiving surface of the substrate 111 is reduced, and incident and reflection operations are performed on the texturing surface, so that light is trapped inside the solar cell, thereby increasing light absorption. .

Thus, the efficiency of the solar cell is improved. In addition, since the reflection loss of light incident on the substrate 11 is reduced, the amount of light incident on the substrate 11 is further increased.

The emitter portion 112 is a region doped with an impurity having a second conductivity type opposite to the conductivity type of the substrate 111, for example, an n-type conductivity type, Junction.

When the emitter section 112 has an n-type conductivity type, the emitter section 112 dopes an impurity of a pentavalent element such as phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) .

Accordingly, when electrons in the semiconductor are energized by the light incident on the substrate 111, the electrons move toward the n-type semiconductor and the holes move toward the p-type semiconductor. Therefore, when the substrate 111 is p-type and the emitter section 112 is n-type, the separated holes move toward the substrate 111, and the separated electrons move toward the emitter section 112.

Conversely, the substrate 111 may be of the n-type conductivity type and may be made of a semiconductor material other than silicon. When the substrate 111 has an n-type conductivity type, the substrate 111 may contain impurities of pentavalent elements such as phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and the like.

Since the emitter section 112 forms a p-n junction with the substrate 11, when the substrate 111 has an n-type conductivity type, the emitter section 112 has a p-type conductivity type. In this case, the separated electrons move toward the substrate 111, and the separated holes move toward the emitter section 112.

When the emitter section 112 has a p-type conductivity type, the emitter section 112 is formed by doping an impurity of a trivalent element such as boron (B), gallium (Ga), indium (In) .

An antireflection film 115 made of a silicon nitride film (SiNx), a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 ), a titanium dioxide film (TiO 2 ), or the like is formed on the emitter portion 112 of the substrate 111. The anti-reflection film 115 reduces the reflectivity of light incident on the solar cell 110 and increases the selectivity of a specific wavelength region to increase the efficiency of the solar cell 110. The anti-reflection film 115 may have a thickness of about 70 nm to 80 nm, and may be omitted as necessary.

The plurality of front electrodes 113 are formed on the emitter part 112 to be electrically connected to the emitter part 112, and are formed in one direction to be spaced apart from the adjacent front electrode 113. Each front electrode 113 collects charge, for example electrons, which have moved toward the emitter portion 112.

The front electrodes 113 are made of at least one conductive material, and the conductive materials include nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn). , At least one selected from the group consisting of indium (In), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), and combinations thereof, but may be formed of another conductive metal material.

For example, the front electrode 113 may be made of silver (Ag) paste including lead (Pb). In this case, the front electrode 113 is coated with a silver paste on the anti-reflection film 115 using a screen printing process, the emitter portion in the process of firing the substrate 111 at a temperature of about 750 ℃ to 800 ℃ And electrically connected to 112.

In this case, the above-described electrical connection is performed by the lead component included in the silver (Ag) paste etching the anti-reflection film 115 so that the silver particles come into contact with the emitter portion 112 during the firing process.

At least two front electrode collectors 114 are formed on the emitter portion 112 of the substrate 111 in a direction crossing the front electrode 113.

The front electrode current collector 114 is made of at least one conductive material and is electrically and physically connected to the emitter unit 112 and the front electrode 113. Therefore, the front electrode current collector 114 outputs a charge, for example, electrons, transmitted from the front electrode 113 to an external device.

The conductive metal materials constituting the front electrode current collector 114 include nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), indium (In), It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), gold (Au), and combinations thereof, but may be made of other conductive metal materials.

Like the front electrode 113, the front electrode current collector 114 is coated with a conductive metal material on the anti-reflection film 115, and then patterned, and emitters 112 are formed by punch-through in the process of firing the same. ) Can be electrically connected.

The rear electrode 116 is formed on the opposite side of the light receiving surface of the substrate 111, that is, on the rear surface of the substrate 111, and collects charges, for example, holes, moving toward the substrate 111.

The back electrode 116 is made of at least one conductive material. The conductive material may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cu, Ag, Al, Sn, Zn, In, Ti, Au, And combinations thereof, but may be made of other conductive materials.

The plurality of rear electrode current collectors 117 are positioned on the same surface as the rear electrode 116. The rear electrode current collector 117 is formed in a direction crossing the rear electrode 116.

The current collector 117 for the rear electrode is also made of at least one conductive material and is electrically connected to the rear electrode 116. Accordingly, the back electrode current collector 117 outputs the charge, for example, holes, transmitted from the back electrode 116 to an external device.

The conductive metal materials constituting the current collector 117 for the rear electrode are nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), indium (In), It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), gold (Au), and combinations thereof, but may be made of other conductive metal materials.

According to this structure, according to the electrical connection between the front electrode current collector 114 of any one solar cell and the rear electrode current collector 117 of the neighboring solar cell by the interconnector 120 ( Current generated in 10) can be collected in the terminal box.

In the above, the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector have been described as an example of a double-sided light-receiving solar cell in which the current collectors are located on different surfaces of the substrate. It is apparent that the rear junction solar cell positioned and the rear electrode positioned at the rear side of the substrate are within the scope of the present invention are located in the entire rear region of the substrate except for the region where the rear electrode current collector is formed.

Subsequently, an electrical connection structure of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The plurality of solar cells 10 are arranged in a matrix structure as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. At this time, the number of solar cells 110 arranged in the row direction and the column direction can be adjusted.

The plurality of solar cells 110 are electrically connected by the interconnector 120 as shown in FIG. More specifically, in a state in which the plurality of solar cells 110 are disposed adjacent to each other, the current collector 114 for the front electrode of one solar cell is connected to the collector 120 for the rear electrode of the adjacent solar cell and the interconnector 120. Is electrically connected by.

Therefore, a part of the interconnector 120 is connected to the front electrode current collector 114 of one solar cell, and the other part of the interconnector 120 is connected to the current collector 117 for the rear electrode of the adjacent solar cell. do.

As such, in a state where the solar cells 110 adjacent to each other are electrically connected by the interconnector 120, the current collector 114 for the front electrode and the current collector 117 for the rear electrode overlap the interconnector 120. .

At this time, each of the front electrode current collector 114 and the rear electrode current collector 117 has the same length (L), the same width (W) and the same planar area (A) of each other, Assuming that the width W1 is equal to the width of each current collector 114, 117, the length L1 of the region overlapping the interconnector 120 in each current collector 114, 117 is the current collector. It is formed at least 0.85 times, and at most 0.95 times, more preferably at least 0.87 times, and at most 0.95 times the length (L).

Here, the planar area A of the front electrode current collector part 114 refers to the area of the front electrode current collector part 114 seen from above the substrate 111, and the planar area A of the rear electrode current collector part 117. ) Denotes the area of the current collector 117 for rear electrodes as seen from below the substrate 111.

Therefore, the planar area A may be expressed as a value obtained by multiplying the length L and the width W of the current collector.

The width W of the front electrode current collector 114 and the width W1 of the rear electrode current collector 117 refer to a line width measured in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of each current collector 114 and 117. .

Alternatively, the width of at least one of the front electrode current collector 114 and the rear electrode current collector 117 may be different from that of the interconnector 120.

In the solar cell module having such a structure, the planar area A1 of the region overlapping the interconnector 120 in each current collector 114 and 117 is 0.85 times or more, and 0.95 times or less, Preferably at least 0.87 times and at most 0.95 times.

6 is a graph showing a voltage change according to the size of the connection area of the interconnector and the current collector, or the ratio of the current collector length to the size of the overlapping area.

Here, the size of the connection area or the overlap area refers to the above-mentioned length L1 and / or planar area A1.

In the graph of FIG. 6, the X axis represents the connection area of the interconnector 120 and the current collectors 114 and 117, or the ratio L1 / L of the current collector length L to the length L1 of the overlapping area, and And / or change in voltage depending on the size of the connection area between the interconnector 120 and the current collectors 114 and 117, or the ratio A1 / A of the plane area A of the current collector to the plane area A1 of the overlapping area. It is a graph.

Referring to FIG. 6, the maximum voltage Pmax measured by the solar cell is equal to the case where the value of the ratio is 1 when the value of the ratio L1 / L of the length or the ratio A1 / A of the plane area is 0.872 or more. It is the same, it can be seen that the maximum voltage is the largest when the ratio value is 0.872 or more. When the value of the ratio L1 / L of the length or the ratio A1 / A of the plane area is lower than 0.872, it can be seen that the maximum voltage decreases as the value of the ratio decreases.

Therefore, it is preferable to connect the interconnector 120 to the current collectors 114 and 117 so that the value of the ratio L1 / L of the length or the ratio A1 / A of the plane area is 0.872.

However, it is not easy to design exactly so that the value of the ratio of length (L1 / L) or the ratio of plane (A1 / A) is 0.872, so in view of the alignment error, the ratio of length (L1 / L) or plane The interconnector 120 can be connected to the current collectors 114 and 117 so that the ratio A1 / A is 0.85 or more and 0.95 or less.

Therefore, the interconnector 120 is connected to the current collectors 114 and 117 so that the value of the ratio L1 / L of the length or the ratio A1 / A of the planar area is 0.85 or more and 0.95 or less. In addition, it is possible to easily set the size of the interconnection region or the overlapping region of the interconnector and the current collector to suit various sizes of the solar cell substrate.

In addition, since the length of the interconnector can be reduced while obtaining the maximum measurement voltage having the same magnitude as that of connecting the interconnector to the entire length of the current collector, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, It belongs to the scope of right.

10: solar cell module 100: solar cell panel
110: solar cell 120: interconnect
130: protective film 140: transparent member
150: back sheet

Claims (8)

A solar cell panel including a plurality of solar cells including a front electrode current collector and a rear electrode current collector; And
An interconnector for electrically connecting the front electrode current collector of one solar cell with the current collector for the rear electrode of an adjacent solar cell.
Including;
The solar cell module of the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector, wherein the length of the region connecting to the interconnector is 0.85 times or more and 0.95 times or less the length of the current collector. In claim 1,
The solar cell module of claim 1, wherein the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector have a length of a region connecting to the interconnector at least 0.87 times the length of the current collector.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The interconnector is a solar cell module having the same width as at least one of the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The interconnector is a solar cell module having the same width as the current collector for the front electrode and the current collector for the rear electrode. A solar cell panel including a plurality of solar cells including a front electrode current collector and a rear electrode current collector; And
An interconnector for electrically connecting the front electrode current collector of one solar cell with the current collector for the rear electrode of an adjacent solar cell.
Including;
In the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector, the planar area of the region overlapping the interconnector is formed to be 0.85 times or more and 0.95 times or less of the current collector part. The method of claim 5,
In the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector, the planar area of the region overlapping the interconnector is formed to be 0.87 times or more of the planar current collector. The method according to claim 5 or 6,
The interconnector is a solar cell module having the same width as at least one of the front electrode current collector and the rear electrode current collector. The method according to claim 5 or 6,
The interconnector is a solar cell module having the same width as the current collector for the front electrode and the current collector for the rear electrode.
KR1020120001592A 2012-01-05 2012-01-05 Solar cell module KR20130080662A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230136328A1 (en) * 2020-03-19 2023-05-04 First Solar GmbH Thin film solar module and production method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230136328A1 (en) * 2020-03-19 2023-05-04 First Solar GmbH Thin film solar module and production method

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