KR20130069436A - Switching valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A reversing valve is provided to obtain a manual operating function and a displaying function with a simple configuration. CONSTITUTION: A reversing valve(1) comprises a valve housing unit(6), a valve body, and a master cap(7). A pilot chamber where pilot fluid is supplied and discharged is formed in the master cap. An arbor hole connecting the outside of the master cap and the pilot chamber is formed in the master cap. A manual shaft is received in the arbor hole to be reciprocated between first and second positions along a direction where the arbor hole is extended. The manual shaft is arranged inside the master cap at the first position and protruded to the outside of the master cap at the second position. The manual shaft is positioned between the first and second positions at an initial stage.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a switching valve,

The present invention relates to a pilot type switching valve for driving a valve body by a pilot fluid.

Conventionally, this type of switching valve has a valve casing having a plurality of ports and accommodating the valve body so as to reciprocate. The switching valve is adapted to supply the pilot fluid to the pilot chamber accommodated in the valve casing and to discharge the pilot fluid from the pilot chamber and to switch the communication state between the ports for reciprocating the valve body. Such a switching valve is provided with a switching valve having a manual operation function capable of switching the communication state between the ports through which the operator manually moves the valve body. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a change-over valve capable of controlling the supply and discharge of the pilot fluid to the pilot chamber by providing an externally-operable hydraulic shaft and by changing the position of the hydraulic shaft . The switching valve of Patent Document 1 is, for example, capable of confirming the operation of the switching valve at the time of holding.

Further, there is a switching valve having a display function for indicating whether or not the pilot fluid is supplied (the communication state between the ports) to the outside. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a switch valve having an indicator of a long length that is displaced in response to the pressure of a pneumatic fluid supplied to a pilot chamber, and an operator confirms the position of the indicator It is possible to determine whether or not the pilot fluid is being supplied.

In recent years, however, a switching valve having both the manual operation function and the display function has been required. However, if the switching valve is provided with both functions, many parts such as an indicator for displacing in response to the pressure of the hydraulic fluid operated by the operator or the pilot fluid, and a spring for resiliently urging the hydraulic shafts and indicators are required, And the configuration of the switching valve becomes complicated. As a result, for example, there is a possibility that the switching valve is enlarged and the cost is increased, and improvement is desired in this respect.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-229209 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-322276

An object of the present invention is to provide a switching valve having a manual operation function and a display function with a simple structure.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, in a valve hole extending along an axial direction and a plurality of ports communicating with the valve hole, each of the ports is provided with a main fluid A valve housing having a plurality of ports formed therein for supplying or discharging main fluid from the valve hole, and a communicating state between each port accommodated in the valve hole so as to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve hole There is provided a switching valve having a switching valve body and at least one master cap connected to at least one of both ends of the valve housing in the axial direction of the valve hole. In the master cap, a pilot chamber is formed in which a pilot fluid is supplied and discharged. The valve body reciprocates by supply and discharge of the pilot fluid. The master cap has a shaft hole communicating with the outside of the pilot chamber and the master cap. The shaft hole is received in a reciprocating manner between a first position and a second position along the extending direction of the shaft hole. The hydraulic shaft is disposed inside the master cap at the first position and further protrudes from the master cap at the second position. The drive shaft is located between the first position and the second position in an initial state. The said switching valve is equipped with the support member which touches the said passive shaft which moves toward the said 2nd position from the said initial state toward the inside of the said master cap. The valve body is moved by pushing the hydraulic shaft from the outside of the master cap and moving the hydraulic shaft from the initial state to the first position so that the communication state between the ports is switched do. Wherein the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber so that the valve body is moved so that the communication state between the ports is switched and that the hydraulic shaft is biased by the pressure of the pilot fluid, And is moved from the initial state to the second position.

Wherein the hydraulic shafts have an outer shaft portion that constitutes a portion spaced from the valve hole on the hydraulic shafts and that the outer shaft portion of the hydraulic shafts is moved to the second position, As shown in Fig.

The hydraulic shaft may have an outer shaft portion that constitutes a portion spaced from the valve hole on the hydraulic shaft and the outer shaft portion of the hydraulic shaft is accommodated in the shaft hole in the initial state .

The shaft hole has an outer hole that opens to the outside of the master cap, and an inner hole that extends continuously in the outer hole and that is larger in the radial direction of the shaft hole than the outer hole. And a stepped portion is formed between the inner hole portion, the passive shaft constitutes a portion spaced from the valve hole in the manual shaft, and an outer shaft portion accommodated in the outer hole portion, and in the inner hole portion. An outer shaft portion that is accommodated and an intermediate shaft portion connecting the outer shaft portion and the inner shaft portion, and on the outer shaft portion, an outer portion extending out in the radially outward direction from an outer circumferential surface of the intermediate shaft portion; And an inner edge extending outwardly in the radial direction from the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate shaft portion to the inner shaft portion. A part is formed, and the intermediate shaft part of the said passive shaft is fitted so that it can move along the extension direction of the said shaft hole, and the support which opposes the said step part in the extension direction of the said shaft hole. It is good for a member to be provided and the one end of the said support member may be in direct contact with the said support member.

The shaft hole has an outer hole that opens to the outside of the master cap, and an inner hole that extends continuously in the outer hole and is larger in the radial direction of the shaft hole than the outer hole. And a step portion is formed between the inner hole portion, and the manual shaft constitutes a portion spaced from the valve hole in the manual shaft, and is continuously connected to the outer shaft portion accommodated in the outer hole portion and the outer shaft portion. It is formed and has an inner shaft part accommodated in the said inner hole part, The inner shaft part is formed with the inner extension part which extends radially outward from the said outer shaft part, The inner extension part is the said step part in the extension direction of the said shaft hole. It is preferable that the stop member is disposed between the stepped portion and the inner lead portion.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a switching valve that realizes a manual operation function and a display function with a simple structure.

1 is a sectional view showing a switching valve according to a first embodiment;
2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a vicinity of a hydraulic axis in a switching valve according to the first embodiment;
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber through the supply port in the switching valve of the first embodiment.
4 is a sectional view showing a state in which a hydraulic shaft is pressed in a switching valve according to the first embodiment;
5 is a sectional view showing a switching valve according to the second embodiment;
6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the hydrodynamic axis in the switching valve according to the second embodiment;
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the pilot fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber through the supply port in the switching valve of the second embodiment.
8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a hydraulic shaft is pressed in a switching valve according to the second embodiment;
9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a vicinity of a hydraulic axis in a switching valve in another embodiment;
10 is a sectional view showing a state in which a pilot fluid is supplied to a pilot chamber through a supply port in a switching valve according to another embodiment;
11 is a sectional view showing a state in which a hydraulic shaft is pressed in a switching valve in another embodiment;

(First embodiment)

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

1, the switching valve 1 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped valve casing 2 which is fixed to a base (not shown), and is reciprocably received in the valve casing 2, And a spool valve body (3) extending along the direction of the spool valve body (3). The spool valve element 3 has a first end portion (left side in Fig. 1) and a second end portion (right side in Fig. 1) constituting both end portions in the axial direction. The switching valve 1 drives the spool valve element 3 by a pilot fluid (compressed air in the present embodiment) to supply a main fluid (not shown) to the fluid pressure device (not shown) such as an air cylinder In the form of compressed air).

1, the valve casing 2 is provided with a valve housing 6 having a valve hole 5 penetrating along the axial direction of the spool valve body 3, In the ball 5, the spool valve body 3 is inserted so as to be capable of reciprocating motion. The valve housing 6 has a first end portion (left side in FIG. 1) and a second end portion (right side in FIG. 2) constituting both end portions in the axial direction of the spool valve body 3, Are opened at the first end and the second end of the valve housing 6. [ The valve casing 2 has a master cap 7 connected to the first end of the valve housing 6 and an end cap 8 connected to the second end of the valve housing 6.

The valve housing 6 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The valve housing 6 is provided with a supply port 11 connected to a supply source (not shown) of the main fluid and a first discharge port 12 and a second discharge port 12 connected to a discharge passage 13 and a first output port 14 and a second output port 15 respectively connected to the fluid pressure device are formed. Each of the ports 11 to 15 communicates with the valve hole 5. The supply port 11 is formed in the vicinity of the center of the valve housing 6 in the axial direction of the valve hole 5 and the first discharge port 12 and the second discharge port 13 are connected to the supply port 11 at positions close to the first end and the second end of the valve housing 6, respectively. The first output port 14 and the second output port 15 are arranged between the supply port 11 and the first discharge port 12 and between the supply port 11 and the second discharge port 13 Respectively.

A plurality of valve portions 3a are formed in the spool valve body 3 so as to be spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the spool valve body 3. [ The valve portion 3a divides the inside of the valve hole 5 to switch the flow path of the main fluid, that is, the communication state between the ports 11 to 15. [ Specifically, each of the valve portions 3a has a substantially cylindrical shape and has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the valve hole 5. A sealing member 16 for sealing between the valve portion 3a and the inner peripheral surface of the valve hole 5 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of each valve portion 3a. The spool valve body 3 is located at the first switching position disposed close to the first end of the valve housing 6 as shown in Fig. 1, the supply port 11 and the second output port 15 communicate with each other through the valve hole 5 and the first discharge port 12 and the first output port 14 communicate with each other through the valve hole 5. 3) in which the spool valve body 3 is located in the second switching position disposed close to the first end of the valve housing 6, the supply port 11 and the first discharge port 14 communicate with each other through the valve hole 5 and the second discharge port 13 and the second output port 15 communicate with each other through the valve hole 5.

The master cap 7 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The master cap 7 has an opposing face 7a opposed to the valve housing 6, an upper face 7b and an opposite face 7c located on the opposite side of the opposing face 7a. The master cap 7 is formed so that the pilot hole 21 having a round hole shape having an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the valve hole 5 is opened to the opposite face 7a and coaxial with the valve hole 5 have. The master cap 7 is provided with a supply port 22 to which a pipe (not shown) extending from a supply source (not shown) of the pilot fluid is connected and a supply port 22 to which the supply port 22 and the pilot chamber 21 are connected A communication channel 22 is formed. The supply port 22 is opened to the upper surface 7b of the master cap 7. [ A substantially disk-shaped piston 25 fitted in the shaft end portion 3b provided at the first end portion of the spool valve body 3 is accommodated in the pilot chamber 21 so as to reciprocate. A sealing member 26 for sealing between the piston 25 and the inner circumferential surface of the pilot chamber 21 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 25. In the present embodiment, the supply of the pilot fluid to the switching valve 1 is controlled by a valve (not shown) provided in the supply source of the pilot fluid.

The end cap 8 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The end cap 8 has an opposed surface 8a opposed to the valve housing 6. The end cap 8 is formed with a receiving chamber 27 in the form of a round hole which is opened by the opposed surface 8b. The valve chamber member 28 for holding the spool valve body 3 toward the first end of the valve housing 6 along the axial direction of the valve hole 5 is accommodated in the housing chamber 27. [ The valve elastic member 28 of the present embodiment is constituted by a coil spring. The valve tappet member 28 is configured such that when the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the compressed spool valve body 3 is moved to the second end of the valve housing 6 along the axial direction of the valve hole 5 While the supply of the pilot fluid to the pilot chamber 21 is stopped, the spool valve body 3 is moved toward the first end of the valve housing 6 along the axial direction of the valve hole 5 And has a spring constant (elastic modulus) set to move.

The switching valve 1 can manually switch the communicating state between the ports 11 to 15 by manually moving the spool valve body 3 even if the pilot fluid is not supplied from the supply source of the pilot fluid Operation function). Further, the switching valve 1 can display whether or not the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21 (communicating state between the ports 11 to 15) (display function).

The master cap 7 is provided with a shaft hole 31 communicating with the outside of the pilot chamber 21 coaxially with the valve hole 5. The shaft hole 31 is opened to the opposite surface 7c of the master cap 7. The shaft hole 31 is accommodated so as to reciprocate between a first position and a second position on a coaxial axis with the spool valve element 3, the driving shaft 32 extending along the extending direction of the shaft hole 31. The drive shaft 32 is disposed at the first position inside the master cap 7, as shown in Fig. The hydraulic shaft 32 protrudes from the master cap 7 at the second position as shown in Fig. The hydraulic shaft 32 moves along the extending direction of the shaft hole 31 toward the first position, that is, toward the interior of the master cap 7 (toward the valve hole 5) It is possible to directly press the piston 25 to move the spool valve body 3 from the first switching position to the second switching position. That is, the manual operation function is realized.

2, the shaft hole 31 has an outer hole portion 33 which opens to the opposite surface 7c of the master cap 7, and an outer hole portion 33 which is continuous with the pilot hole 21 And an inner hole portion 34 which opens to the outside. The outer hole portion 33 has a circular cross-sectional shape. The inner hole portion 34 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the outer hole portion 33. That is, the inner hole portion 34 has a shape that is larger than the outer hole portion 34 in the radial direction of the shaft hole 31.

The hydraulic shaft 32 includes a first shaft member 41 which constitutes a part of the hydraulic shaft 32 which is spaced from the valve hole 5 and a second shaft member 41 which is provided inside the master cap 7 (in the vicinity of the pilot chamber 21) And the first shaft member 41 and the second shaft member 42 are interconnected with each other. The axial length of the hydraulic shaft 32 is slightly shorter than the axial length of the shaft hole 31. [ The state in which the hydraulic shaft 32 is not pressed from the outside of the master cap 7 and further the pilot fluid is not supplied to the pilot chamber 21 is set to the initial state of the drive shaft 32. [ In the initial state, the drive shaft 32 does not enter the pilot chamber 21, and the whole of the drive shaft 32 is accommodated in the shaft hole 31. When the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the hydraulic shaft 32 is directed to the second position along the extending direction of the shaft hole 31 from the initial state by the pressure of the pilot fluid, As shown in Fig.

Specifically, the first shaft member 41 has a first end portion and a second end portion constituting both end portions in the extending direction of the shaft hole 31, and the second end portion of the first shaft member 41 Is disposed closer to the facing surface (7a) of the master cap (7) than the first end of the uniaxial member (41). The first shaft member 41 has an outer shaft portion 43, a middle shaft portion 44, and a threaded portion 45 in this order from the first end toward the second end. The outer shaft portion 43, the intermediate shaft portion 44, and the threaded portion 45 are interconnected. The outer shaft portion 43 is reciprocatively received in the inner hole portion 33. The outer shaft portion 43 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and the outer diameter of the outer shaft portion 43 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the inner hole portion 33. The axial length of the outer shaft portion 43 is approximately equal to the axial length of the outer hole portion 33. The intermediate shaft portion 44 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft portion 44 is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer shaft portion 43. [ That is, the outer shaft portion 43 is formed with an extended outer portion extending radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate shaft portion 44 in the axial direction.

The entirety of the second shaft member 42 functions as an inner shaft portion 46 reciprocatively received in the inner hole portion 34. [ The inner shaft portion 46 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and the outer diameter of the inner shaft portion 46 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the inner hole portion 34. [ That is, the outer diameter of the inner shaft portion 46 is larger than the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft portion 44 and the inner diameter of the outer hole portion 33. The inner side shaft portion 46 is formed with an inner side extending portion radially outwardly directed from the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate shaft portion 44 in the radial direction. The inner extending portion of the inner shaft portion 46 opposes the step portion 35 formed at the boundary between the outer hole portion 33 and the inner hole portion 34 in the direction in which the shaft hole 31 extends. A sealing member 47 for sealing between the inner shaft portion 946 of the inner shaft portion 46 and the inner circumferential surface of the shaft hole 31 is mounted.

The sum of the axial length of the inner shaft portion 46 and the axial length of the intermediate shaft portion 44 is slightly shorter than the axial length of the inner hole portion 34. [ The inner shaft portion 46 has a first end and a second end constituting both ends in the extending direction of the shaft hole 31 and a second end portion of the inner shaft portion 46 has a first end The master cap 7 is disposed in the vicinity of the opposed surface 7a of the master cap 7. The inner shaft portion 46 is formed with a screw hole 48 that opens to the first end portion. The first shaft member 41 and the second shaft member 42 are interconnected by screwing the threaded portion 45 of the first shaft member 41 into the screw hole 48 thereof. Thus, the inner shaft portion 46 is connected to the outer shaft portion 43 via the intermediate shaft portion 44. The inner shaft portion 46 is formed so as to be spaced apart from the step portion 35 in the initial state. Thus, the driving shaft 32 is movable along the extending direction of the shaft hole 31 toward the second position, that is, toward the outside of the master cap 7. [

A pair of supporting members 51, 52 which are relatively movable along the extending direction of the shaft hole 31 are formed around the intermediate shaft portion 44 of the driving shaft 32 between the outer shaft portion 43 and the inner shaft portion 46, 52 are fitted. The drive shaft 32 is provided with a shaft-shaped elastic member 53 which functions as a resilient member that resiliently separates the support members 51 and 52 from each other. Movement of the support member 51 along the extending direction of the shaft hole 31 to move away from the pilot chamber 21 is regulated by the stepped portion 35. That is, in the shaft hole 31, an axial bore portion 53 is provided so as to be compressible between the step portion 35 and the inner shaft portion 46 of the drive shaft 32. The axial-strike member 53 of the first embodiment is constituted by a coil spring.

Specifically, the support members 51 and 52 are each formed into a substantially cylindrical shape. A flange portion 51a having an annular shape and radially outwardly formed is formed at an end portion of the receiving member 51 disposed in the vicinity of the outer shaft portion 43 and opposed to the outer shaft portion 43 thereof. A flange portion 52a having an annular shape directed radially outward is formed at an end portion of the receiving member 52 disposed in the vicinity of the inner shaft portion 46 and opposed to the inner shaft portion 46 thereof. The outer diameters of the flange portions 52a and 52b are almost the same as the inner diameters of the inner hole portion 34, respectively. The flange portion 52a faces the step portion 35 in the extending direction of the shaft hole 31. [ The shaft resilient piece member 53 has an outer end portion 53a and an inner end portion 53b constituting both end portions in the extending direction of the shaft hole 31. [ The outer end portion 53a of the axial elastic member 53 comes into contact with the flange portion 51a of the receiving member 51 and the inner end portion 53b of the side elastic member 53 comes into contact with the flange portion 51a of the receiving member 51 And comes into contact with the support portion 52a. The axial elastic member 53 may be in an uncompressed free state in an initial state of the driving shaft 32, or may be in a compressed state to some extent.

The axial elastic member 53 has a predetermined modulus of elasticity. The modulus of elasticity is such that when the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the axial bush member 53 is compressed and allows the drive shaft 32 to move toward the outside of the master cap 7, And is set so as to move the drive shaft 32 toward the interior of the master cap 7 when the supply of the fluid is stopped. Thus, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the drive shaft 32 is moved toward the second position against the lubrication force of the axial bore 53 by the pressure of the pilot fluid, that is, Toward the outside of the master cap (7). As described above, in the supply of the pilot fluid, the drive shaft 32 is displaced in a direction different from the moving direction of the drive shaft 32 when the spool valve body is manually operated. Therefore, the operator can determine whether or not the pilot fluid is being supplied by confirming the position of the hydraulic shaft 32. That is, the display function is realized.

In the switching valve 1 constructed as described above, the axial length of the driving shaft 32 is shorter than the axial length of the shaft hole 31, and the axial length of the outer shaft portion 43 is larger than the axial length of the outer hole portion 33 In the axial direction. Therefore, in the initial state of the drive shaft 32, the entire of the drive shaft 32 including the outer shaft portion 43 is accommodated in the shaft hole 31. [ When the driving shaft 32 is moved from the initial state to the second position, that is, toward the outside of the master cap 7, the outer shaft portion 43 protrudes from the master cap 7 to the outside.

Next, the operation of the switching valve according to the first embodiment will be described.

1, when the operator does not press the hydraulic shaft 32 from the outside of the master cap 7 and the pilot fluid is not supplied to the pilot chamber 21 The spool valve body 3 is moved in the direction of the axial line of the valve hole 5 by the valve elastic member 28 to the first switching position in which the spool valve body 3 is urged toward the first end of the valve housing 6 .

3, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the spool valve body 3 is moved in the axial direction of the valve hole 5 by the piston 25, Is pressed toward the second end, and compresses the valve elastic member 28 to move to the second switching position. At this time, the hydraulic shaft 32 receives the pressure of the pilot fluid and is directed toward the second position, that is, toward the outside of the master cap 7, and against the biasing force of the axial bush member 53, Position. Thereby, the outer shaft portion 43 protrudes to the outside of the master cap 7. In Fig. 3, the pilot fluid is indicated by point hatching. When the supply of the pilot fluid is stopped, the spool valve body 3 is pushed toward the first end of the valve housing 6 along the axial direction of the valve hole 5 by the valve holding member 53. At the same time as it moves to a switching position, the passive shaft 32 is pressed into the master cap 7 inside the master cap 7 by the shaft stop member 53, ie, in the direction which approaches the pilot chamber 21, in the pressed initial state. Return (see FIG. 1).

4, when the operator presses the driving shaft 32 from the opening of the opposite surface 7c of the master cap 7 using a tool (not shown), the driving shaft 32 is moved to the initial position State, i.e., toward the first position, i.e., toward the interior of the master cap 7, and directly presses the piston 25. Thereby, the spool valve element 3 moves along the axial direction of the valve hole 5 to the second switching position which is urged toward the second end of the valve housing 6. At this time, since the supporting member 51 moves integrally with the driving shaft 32 pressed by the outer extending portion of the outer shaft portion 43, 53a and the inner end portion 53b are kept in contact with each other and the outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion 53b are prevented from being irregularly displaced. The spool valve body 3 is moved in the axial direction of the valve hole 5 by the valve elastic member 28 so that the first end portion of the valve housing 6 To a first switching position that is pushed toward the second switching position. At this time, the driving shaft 32 returns to the initial state in which it is pressed by the spool main body 3 through the piston 25.

As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to exhibit the following operational effects.

(1) The driving shaft 32 is pressed from the outside of the master cap 7 and is moved from the initial state to the first position, that is, toward the inside of the master cap 7. Thus, . An axial urging member 53 urging the driving shaft 32 moved from the initial state toward the second position, that is, the outside of the master cap 7 toward the interior of the master cap 7, . When the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the spool main body 3 is moved and the drive shaft 32 is rotated in the initial stage against the biasing force of the axial- State, i.e., toward the second position, i.e., toward the outside of the master cap 7.

According to the above configuration, both the manual operation function and the display function are realized by the drive shaft 32. [ Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a member such as an indicator, which is displaced due to the pressure of the pilot fluid, by providing the hydraulic shaft 32 in the selector valve 1, and the configuration of the selector valve 1 can be simplified . In addition, it is possible to reduce the flow path and holes formed in the master cap 7, thereby simplifying the shape thereof. It is also possible to constitute a switching valve having only a manual operation function by accommodating, for example, a hydraulic shaft which is formed in the shaft hole 31 so as to be unable to move from the initial state to the outside of the master cap 7 . As described above, it is also possible to use a common master cap 7 for other types of switching valves.

(2) The driving shaft 32 is formed such that the outer shaft portion 43 of the driving shaft 32 protrudes from the master cap 7 at the second position. Therefore, the operator can easily judge whether or not the pilot fluid is supplied.

(3) The driving shaft 32 is formed such that the outer shaft portion 43 of the driving shaft 32 is received in the shaft hole 31 in the initial state. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the increase in size of the switching valve in the initial state of the driving shaft 32. [ Particularly, in the configuration of the first embodiment, when the hydraulic shaft 32 is projected from the shaft hole 310 or received in the shaft hole 31, the outer shape of the selector valve is greatly changed Therefore, it is possible to more easily determine whether or not the pilot fluid is supplied.

(4) A supporting member 51, 52, which is relatively movable along the extending direction of the shaft hole 31, is fitted to the intermediate shaft portion 44 of the driving shaft 32. The support member (51) faces the step portion (35) in the extending direction of the shaft hole (31). An outer axial end portion 53a and an inner axial end portion 53b of the axial tubular member 53 abut on the receiving members 51 and 52 have. The outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion 53b of the axial rib member 53 are irregularly moved in the axial direction of the master cap 7 when the drive shaft 32 is moved toward the first position, It is possible to prevent displacement. Or the outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion 53b slide on the inner circumferential surface of the shaft hole 31 to prevent the inner circumferential surface of the shaft hole 31 from being damaged.

(Second Embodiment)

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. For the sake of convenience of explanation, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in Fig. 5, a substantially T-shaped supply passage 61 is formed in the valve housing 6. As shown in Fig. The supply passage 61 is open to the valve hole 5 and configured to communicate with the supply port 11 irrespective of the position of the spool valve body 3. The supply passage 61 is open at the first end and the second end of the valve housing 6. [ 5 to 7, the pilot fluid is indicated by point hatching.

The master cap 7 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped cap body 62 connected to the valve housing 6. The cap body 62 has an opposing face 62a opposed to the valve housing 6 and an upper face 62a on the upper side (upper side in Fig. 4) of the cap body 62 in the height direction perpendicular to the axial line of the spool body 3. [ And has an upper surface 62b and an opposite surface 62c located on the opposite side of the surface of the cap body 62 from the valve housing 6, that is, the opposite surface 62a. The master cap 7 further includes a cover member 63 fixed to the upper surface 62b of the cap body 62 and a connecting member 64 connected to the opposite surface 62c of the cap body 62 .

The cap body 62 is provided with a first pilot chamber 65 having a round hole shape having an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the valve hole 5 and coaxial with the valve hole 5 Respectively. The first pilot chamber 65 has a substantially disk-shaped first piston 66 fitted in the shaft end portion 3b provided at the first end portion of the spool main body 3 so as to reciprocate. A sealing member 67 for sealing between the first piston 66 and the inner peripheral surface of the first pilot chamber 65 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the first piston 66.

An insertion hole 68 is formed in the cap main body 62 along the height direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the valve hole 5 while being opened to the upper surface 62b. The insertion hole 68 is made up of a large-diameter hole portion 69 that opens into the upper surface 62b of the cap body 62 and a small-diameter hole portion 70 that is formed continuously with the large-diameter hole portion 69. In the second embodiment, the large-diameter hole portion 69 and the small-diameter hole portion 70 have a circular cross-sectional shape, and the inner diameter of the small-diameter hole portion 70 is smaller than the inner diameter of the large-diameter hole portion 69. 5, the cap body 62 is provided with a communication hole 71 for communicating the first pilot chamber 65 with the small-diameter hole portion 70 of the insertion hole 68, A connection hole 72 which opens to a position above the communication hole 71 (upper side in FIG. 5) on the inner peripheral surface of the hole portion 70 and which is connected to the supply passage 61 of the valve housing 6 Respectively. In addition, the cap body 62 is provided with an introduction hole (not shown) which opens to the position opposite to the communication hole 71 (lower side in Fig. 5) on the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter hole portion 70, 73 are formed.

The cover member 63 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and the cover member 63 is formed with a through hole 75 penetrating in the height direction. The through hole 75 has a circular cross-sectional shape and has an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the large-diameter hole portion 69 of the insertion hole 68. In the second embodiment, a shaft hole in which the driving shaft 32 is accommodated is formed by the insertion hole 68 and the through hole 75. The through hole 75 corresponds to the outer hole portion, and the large diameter hole portion 69 correspond to the inner hole portion. The driving shaft 2 is reciprocatable between the first position and the second position along the extending direction of the shaft hole. At the first position, the hand side 32 is disposed inside the master cap 7 as shown in Fig. At the second position, the hand side 32 protrudes out of the master cap 7, as shown in Fig.

The connecting member 64 is provided with a supply port 76 to which a piping (not shown) extending from a supply source (not shown) of the pilot fluid is connected and a supply port 76 to which the supply port 76 and the cap body 62 73 which communicate with each other. The supply port 76 of the second embodiment is open to the surface that is separated from the valve housing 6 at the connecting member 64. [

The end cap 8 has an opposing face 8a opposed to the valve housing 6. The end cap 8 has a second pilot chamber 81 in the shape of a round hole that opens to the opposing face 8a Respectively. The second pilot chamber 81 is reciprocally accommodated in a substantially disk-like second piston 82 fitted in the shaft end portion 3c provided at the second end portion of the spool main body 3. A sealing member 83 sealing between the second piston 82 and the inner circumferential surface of the second pilot chamber 81 is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the second piston 82. The end cap 8 is formed with a connection passage 84 connected to the supply passage 61 of the valve housing 6 and connected to the second pilot chamber 81. As a result, a part of the main fluid is supplied to the second pilot chamber 81 through the supply passage 61 at all times as a pilot fluid. The area under pressure of the second piston (82) receiving the pressure of the pilot fluid is set smaller than the area under the pressure of the first piston receiving the pressure of the pilot fluid. Therefore, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber 65, the first piston 66 is moved toward the valve hole 5, whereby the spool main body 3 moves in the axial direction of the valve hole 5 And is pressed toward the second end of the valve housing 6 to move to the second switching position. On the other hand, when the supply of the pilot fluid to the first pilot chamber 65 is stopped, the second piston 82 moves toward the valve hole 5, whereby the spool main body 3 is moved in the axial direction of the valve hole 5 To a first switching position which is urged toward the first end of the valve housing 6. [

As shown in Fig. 6, the drive shaft 32 includes a first shaft member 41 having an outer shaft portion 43 and an intermediate shaft portion 44 and a second shaft member 41 having an inner shaft portion 46, Shaft member 42, and the first shaft member 41 and the second shaft member 42 are interconnected. Support members 51 and 52 and an axial elastic member 53 are mounted on the intermediate shaft portion 44 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The axial length of the driving shaft 32 is shorter than the sum of the axial length of the insertion hole 68 and the axial length of the through hole 75. The outer diameter of the outer shaft portion 43 is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the through hole 75 and the axial length of the outer shaft portion 43 is substantially equal to the axial length of the through hole 75.

The second shaft member 42 has a valve body portion 91 which is directed downward from the inner shaft portion 46 and is accommodated so as to reciprocate in the small-diameter hole portion 70. The outer diameter of the inner shaft portion 46 is almost the same as the inner diameter of the small-diameter hole portion 70. At the upper end of the inner shaft portion 46, an annular inner extending portion 92 is formed which is radially outwardly directed. The outside diameter of the inside extended portion 92 is almost the same as the inside diameter of the large diameter hole portion 69.

5, the valve body portion 91 has a cylindrical shape and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the small-diameter hole portion 70. As shown in Fig. The valve body portion 91 is formed with a pair of valve portions 91a spaced from each other in the height direction, that is, the extending direction of the axial hole. The pair of valve portions 91a partition the inside of the small-diameter hole portion 70 and switch the communication state between the connection hole 71, the connection hole 72 and the introduction hole 73. Specifically, each valve portion 91a has a substantially cylindrical shape and has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the small-diameter hole portion 70. [ A sealing member 93 for sealing between the valve portion 91a and the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter hole portion 70 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of each valve portion 91a. Each of the valve portions 91a blocks the communication hole 71 and the connection hole 72 while the support member 51 is in contact with the cover member 63 and the communication hole 71 and the introduction hole 73). At this time, the driving shaft 32 is in the initial state, but is moved from the initial state toward the outside of the master cap 7. Each of the valve portions 91a is configured such that the driving shaft 32 moves from the initial state toward the first position, that is, toward the inside of the master cap 7, and the inner extending portion 92 is moved from the large- The communicating hole 71 and the connecting hole 72 are communicated with each other and the communicating hole 71 (see FIG. 6) is in contact with the stepped portion 94 And the introduction hole 73 are intercepted.

The communication hole 71 and the connecting hole 72 are formed by moving the driving shaft 32 in the insertion hole 68 toward the first position, that is, toward the interior of the master cap 7 ). At this time, part of the main fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber 65 through the supply passage 61 as the pilot fluid, and the spool valve body 3 is moved from the first switching position to the second switching position. That is, the manual operation function can be realized.

Between the tip end of the valve portion 91 and the bottom portion of the small-diameter hole portion 70, there is disposed a returning elastic member 95 for resiliently upwardly moving the drive shaft 32 along the extending direction of the shaft hole . Therefore, when the driving shaft 32 is moved from the initial state to the first position, the driving shaft 32 is pressed against the resilient force of the returning elastic member 95. The axial elastic member 53 of the second embodiment is constituted by a coil spring. The returning elastic member 95 has an elastic modulus smaller than the elastic modulus of the axial elastic member 53. The elastic member of the elastic member of the elastic member of the elastic member And is not moved upward.

When the pilot fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber 65 through the supply port 76, the drive shaft 32 rotates in the direction of the axis of the axial tubular member 53 against the biasing force of the axial- 2 position, that is, toward the outside of the master cap 7. Thus, the display function can be realized.

In the switching valve 1 constructed as described above, the axial length of the drive shaft 32 is shorter than the sum of the axial lengths of the insertion hole 68 and the through hole 75, and the axial length of the outer shaft portion 43 Is approximately equal to the axial length of the outer hole portion 33. [ Therefore, in the initial state of the drive shaft 32, the outer shaft portion 43 can be received in the through hole 75. The outer shaft portion 43 projects from the cover member 63 to the outside of the master cap 7 when the drive shaft 32 is moved from the initial state to the second position, .

Next, the operation of the switching valve according to the second embodiment will be described.

5, when the operator does not press the hydraulic shaft 32 from the outside of the master cap 7 and the pilot fluid is not supplied to the first pilot chamber 65, The body 3 is located in the first switching position which is urged by the second piston 82 along the axial direction of the valve hole 5 toward the first end of the valve housing 6. [

7, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber 65, the spool valve body 3 is moved in the axial direction of the valve hole 5 by the first piston 66, (6) and moves to the second switching position. At this time, the driving shaft 32 is urged toward the second position by the pressure of the pilot fluid, that is, pressed toward the outside of the master cap 7 (in the upward direction), and against the biasing force of the axial- And moves toward the second position. Thereby, the outer shaft portion 43 protrudes to the outside of the master cap 7. When the supply of the pilot fluid is stopped, the spool valve element 3 is displaced by the second piston 82 along the axial direction of the valve hole 5, to the first end of the valve housing 6 which is pressed toward the first end of the valve housing 6 The movable shaft 32 is returned to the initial state in which it is pressed toward the interior of the master cap 7 (in the downward direction) by the axial elastic member 53 (see FIG. 5).

8, when the operator presses the driving shaft 32 from the opening of the through hole 75 by using a tool (not shown), the driving shaft 32 is returned to the returning elastic member 95, That is, toward the interior of the master cap 7, and communicates the communication hole 71 and the connection hole 72, the first and second pilot chambers 7, And a part of the main fluid is supplied as the pilot fluid to the fluid chamber 65. The spool valve body 3 is moved to the second switching position which is urged by the first piston 66 along the axial direction of the valve hole 5 and toward the second end of the valve housing 6 do. When the pressing force is not applied by the operator, the driving shaft 32 returns to the initial state in which it is pressed toward the outside of the master cap 7 by the returning elastic member 95. At this time, the communication hole (71) and the connection hole (72) are cut off and the pilot fluid is not supplied to the first pilot chamber (65). Thus, the spool valve body 3 moves to the first switching position, which is urged by the second piston 82 along the axial direction of the valve hole 5, toward the first end of the valve housing 6.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to exhibit the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment.

Each of the above-described embodiments can be implemented by the following modified embodiments.

In the first embodiment, the shaft member 33 may be mounted on the outer periphery of the driving shaft 32 without providing the supporting members 51 and 52 on the driving shaft 32. [ 9, the driving shaft 32 constitutes a portion of the driving shaft 32 which is spaced apart from the valve hole 5, and further includes an outer shaft portion (not shown) accommodated so as to reciprocate in the outer hole portion 33 And an inner shaft portion 46 which is formed continuously with the outer shaft portion 43 and is accommodated so as to reciprocate in the inner hole portion 34. [ The outer shaft portion 43 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and the outer diameter of the outer shaft portion 43 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the outer hole portion 22. [ The axial length of the outer shaft portion 43 is shorter than the axial length of the outer hole portion 33. The inner shaft portion 46 is formed continuously with the outer shaft portion 43 and includes an engagement portion 101 to which the axial bore 53 is fitted and a large diameter portion 102 having a diameter larger than that of the engagement portion 101, . That is, the large-diameter portion 102 is formed with an inner extending portion which is formed so as to extend radially outwardly of the shaft hole 31 more than the outer shaft portion 43. The axial elastic member 53 is disposed between the stepped portion 35 and the large-diameter portion 102.

10, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the switching valve 1 configured as described above moves the spool valve element 3 to the second switching position in the same manner as in the first embodiment The outer shaft portion 43, which is moved toward the outside of the master cap 7, protrudes to the outside of the master cap 7. As shown in Fig. 11, when the operator presses the driving shaft 32 from the opening of the shaft hole 31 formed in the master cap 7 using a tool (not shown), the driving shaft 32 From the initial state, toward the first position, i.e., toward the interior of the master cap 7, and directly presses the piston 25. [ Thereby, the spool valve body 3 moves along the axial direction of the valve hole 5 to the second switching position in which it is urged toward the second end of the valve housing 6. In this configuration, the number of parts can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced, as compared with the case where the supporting members 51 and 52 are provided.

Similarly, in the second embodiment, the shaft member 33 may be mounted on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 32 without providing the support members 51 and 52 on the drive shaft 32. [

In each of the above embodiments, the inner end portion 53b of the axial tubular member 53 may be in contact with the inner shaft portion 46 without providing the support member 52. Even in such a configuration, when the driving shaft 32 is moved toward the first position, that is, toward the inside of the master cap 7, the outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion of the shaft- It is possible to prevent irregular displacements of the first and second projections 53b.

In the first embodiment, the outside diameter of the outer shaft portion 43 and the inner shaft portion 46 is set larger than the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft portion 44, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, The outer shaft portion 43 and the inner shaft portion 46 may be formed as protrusions that protrude outward in the radial direction on the inner shaft portion 46. The protrusions may be the outer extending portion and the inner extending portion. A protrusion that protrudes outward in the radial direction may be formed.

In the first embodiment, the shaft hole 31 has a circular cross-sectional shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, it may have a polygonal or elliptical cross-sectional shape. Further, the driving shaft 32 may have a polygonal or elliptical cross-sectional shape. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the insertion hole 68, the through hole 75, or the driving shaft 32 may have a cross-sectional shape such as a polygonal shape or an elliptical shape.

In the first embodiment, the outer shaft portion 43 is received in the shaft hole 31 in the initial state of the driving shaft 32. However, in the initial state, the outer shaft portion 43 is moved from the shaft hole 31 to the master cap (7). In this case, a different color from the periphery is added to the portion of the driving shaft 32 which is exposed from the beginning when the driving shaft 32 moves from the initial state to the second position, that is, when moving to the outside of the master cap 7 , It is desired to change the shape of the part. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the outer shaft portion 43 may protrude from the through hole 75 in the initial state of the drive shaft 32. [

In the first embodiment, the outer shaft portion 43 protrudes to the outside when the drive shaft 32 is moved to the second position. However, the outer shaft portion 43 may be held in the shaft hole 31 without projecting to the outside. In this case, it is preferable to form a temporary opening window in the shaft hole 31, for example. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the outer shaft portion 43 may be retained in the through hole 75 when the drive shaft 32 is moved to the second position.

In each of the above embodiments, the driving shaft 32 includes a first shaft member 41 having an outer shaft portion 43 and an intermediate shaft portion 44, a second shaft member 42 having an inner shaft portion 46, The first shaft member 41 and the second shaft member 42 are mutually connected, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the shaft member having the outer shaft portion 43, the shaft member having the intermediate shaft portion, And a shaft member having an inner shaft portion 46. The shaft may be connected to constitute a hydraulic shaft. Further, the shaft members may be mutually connected by processing such as insertion without depending on a screw.

In the above-described embodiments, the shaft-like elastic member 53 is constituted by a coil spring. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be constituted by another spring member such as a leaf spring or an elastic body such as rubber. The valve elastic member 28 and the return elastic member 95 may also be constituted by another spring member such as a leaf spring or an elastic body such as rubber.

In each of the above embodiments, the master cap 7 may be connected to the second end of the valve housing 6.

In the above embodiments, compressed air is used as the main fluid and the pilot fluid, but other fluids may be used.

In each of the above embodiments, the piping extending from the supply source is connected to the supply ports 22, 76 of the master cap 7, and the supply of the pilot fluid to the switching valve 1 is controlled by the valve provided in the supply source However, for example, a pilot valve formed of a solenoid valve may be directly connected to the master cap 7, and the supply of the pilot fluid may be controlled by the pilot valve.

In the above embodiments, the present invention is applied to the switching valve 1 for switching the connection state between the five ports 11 to 15 by the spool valve element 3, but the present invention is not limited to this, The present invention may be applied to a switching valve having a number of ports or a switching valve using a port valve as the valve body.

1: Switching valve 2: Valve casing
3: spool valve body 5: valve ball
6: Valve housing 7: Master cap
8: End cap

Claims (5)

In the valve hole extending along the axial direction, and the plurality of ports communicating with the valve hole, each of the ports supplies the main fluid to the valve hole, or the plurality of ports for discharging the main fluid from the valve hole. A valve housing having a port formed therein, a valve body for switching the communication state between the respective ports, reciprocally received in the valve hole along the axial direction of the valve hole, and the valve housing in the axial direction of the valve hole. At least one master cap connected to at least one of both ends of the pilot cap, and the master cap is provided with a pilot chamber through which pilot fluid is supplied and discharged, and the valve body is supplied and discharged by the pilot fluid. As a switching valve reciprocating,
The master cap has a shaft hole communicating with the outside of the pilot chamber and the master cap, while a passive shaft has a reciprocating motion between a first position and a second position along an extension direction of the shaft hole. Possibly received, the passive shaft is disposed inside the master cap at the first position, and further protrudes out of the master cap at the second position, the passive shaft being initially Located between a first position and the second position,
The switching valve is provided with a holding member for holding the manual shaft for moving toward the second position from the initial state toward the inside of the master cap,
The valve body is moved by pressing the manual shaft from the outside of the master cap and moving the manual shaft from the initial state toward the first position, and the communication state between the ports is switched. ,
By supplying the pilot fluid to the pilot chamber, the valve body is moved, the communication state between the ports is switched, and the manual shaft is held by the pressure of the pilot fluid, so that the holding force of the holding member is reduced. A switching valve, characterized in that is moved from the initial state toward the second position in response to. The method of claim 1,
The passive shaft has an outer shaft portion constituting a portion spaced from the valve hole in the manual shaft, and in the state where the manual shaft is to be moved to the second position, the outer shaft portion of the manual shaft is the master cap. A switching valve, characterized in that formed to protrude from. The method of claim 1,
The passive shaft has an outer shaft portion constituting a portion spaced from the valve hole in the passive shaft, and the passive shaft is formed such that in the initial state, the outer shaft portion of the passive shaft is received into the shaft hole. A switching valve characterized by the above-mentioned. The method of claim 1,
The shaft hole has an outer hole that opens to the outside of the master cap, and an inner hole that extends continuously in the outer hole and that is larger in the radial direction of the shaft hole than the outer hole. And a stepped portion is formed between the inner hole portions,
The passive shaft constitutes a portion spaced apart from the valve hole in the manual shaft, an outer shaft portion accommodated in the outer hole portion, an inner shaft portion accommodated in the inner hole portion, the outer shaft portion and the inner side. Has an intermediate shaft connecting the shaft,
The outer shaft portion is provided with an outer extending portion extending outward from the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate shaft portion in the radial direction, and the inner shaft portion has a radially outward direction from the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate shaft portion. An inwardly directed part is formed,
At the intermediate shaft portion of the passive shaft, a supporting member is fitted to be movable along the extension direction of the shaft hole and opposed to the stepped portion in the extension direction of the shaft hole.
One end of the stop member is in contact with the support member, characterized in that the switching valve. The method of claim 1,
The shaft hole has an outer hole that opens to the outside of the master cap, and an inner hole that extends continuously in the outer hole and is larger in the radial direction of the shaft hole than the outer hole. And a stepped portion is formed between the inner hole portions,
The passive shaft constitutes a portion spaced apart from the valve hole in the manual shaft, and an outer shaft portion accommodated in the outer hole portion, and an inner shaft portion formed continuously in the outer shaft portion and simultaneously accommodated in the inner hole portion. Have,
An inner extension portion is formed in the inner shaft portion to extend in the radially outward direction than the outer shaft portion, and the inner extension portion faces the step portion in an extension direction of the shaft hole, and the stop member is the step portion and the portion. A switching valve, characterized in that disposed between the inner extending portion.

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