JP5759883B2 - Switching valve - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pilot-type switching valve that drives a valve body with a pilot fluid.

  Conventionally, this type of switching valve has a valve casing that has a plurality of ports and accommodates a valve body so as to be able to reciprocate. By supplying and discharging pilot fluid to and from a pilot chamber formed in the valve casing, The communication state between the ports is switched by reciprocating the valve body. Some of these switching valves have a manual operation function that allows an operator to manually move the valve body and switch the communication state between the ports. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a switching valve that includes a manual shaft (valve rod) that can be operated from the outside, and that allows an operator to control the supply and discharge of pilot fluid to and from the pilot chamber by changing the position of the manual shaft. For example, the operation of the switching valve can be confirmed during maintenance.

  Some switching valves have a display function for displaying on the outside whether or not the pilot fluid is being supplied (communication state between ports). For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a switching valve having a shaft-like indicator that is displaced according to the pressure of the pilot fluid supplied to the pilot chamber, and the operator confirms the position of the indicator so that the pilot fluid can be confirmed. It is possible to determine whether or not the state is being supplied.

JP-A-9-229209 JP 2003-322276 A

  By the way, in recent years, a switching valve having both the manual operation function and the display function has been demanded. However, when both functions are added to the switching valve, many parts such as a manual shaft operated by the operator, an indicator that is displaced according to the pressure of the pilot fluid, and a spring that biases the manual shaft and the indicator are required. Thus, the number of parts increases and the configuration of the switching valve becomes complicated. As a result, for example, the switching valve may be increased in size and cost may be increased, and there is still room for improvement in this respect.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a switching valve having a manual operation function and a display function with a simple configuration.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a valve body in which a plurality of ports through which main fluid is supplied and discharged and a valve hole communicating with each port are formed, and reciprocating motion in the valve hole. A valve body that can be accommodated and switches a communication state between the ports; and a master cap that is connected to at least one of both ends of the valve hole in the valve body, and is formed in the master cap. In the switching valve in which the valve body reciprocates when the pilot fluid is supplied to and discharged from the pilot chamber, the master cap has a shaft hole that communicates the pilot chamber and the outside, and the shaft hole A manual shaft is accommodated so as to be able to reciprocate, and is configured to move the valve body by moving from the initial position to the inner side of the shaft hole by pressing from the outside. Thus, the manual shaft is formed to be movable to the outside of the shaft hole from the initial position, and urges the manual shaft that has moved to the outside of the shaft hole from the initial position to the inside. The gist is that an urging member is provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the switching valve according to the first aspect, the manual shaft is located on the outer side of the initial position, and the outer shaft is disposed on the outer side of the manual shaft. The gist is that the portion is formed so as to protrude from the master cap.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the switching valve according to the first or second aspect, in the state where the manual shaft is located at the initial position, an outer shaft portion disposed outside the manual shaft is provided. The gist is that it is formed so as to be accommodated in the shaft hole.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the switching valve according to any one of the first to third aspects, the shaft hole is continuous with the outer hole portion that opens to the outside and the outer hole portion. The inner hole has a shape that swells in an orthogonal direction perpendicular to the manual shaft from the outer hole, and the manual shaft is disposed outside and is accommodated in the outer hole. A shaft portion, an inner shaft portion accommodated in the inner hole portion, and an intermediate shaft portion connecting the outer shaft portion and the inner shaft portion, and the outer shaft portion includes the An outward extension portion extending in the orthogonal direction from the intermediate shaft portion is formed, and an inward extension extending in the orthogonal direction from the intermediate shaft portion is formed in the inner shaft portion. The manual shaft is fitted to the intermediate shaft portion so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and is connected to the outer hole portion and the front in the axial direction of the manual shaft. Receiving member is provided facing the stepped portion between the inner hole portion, an outer end portion disposed outside of said biasing member, and summarized in that is brought into contact with the receiving member.

  According to the present invention, a switching valve having a manual operation function and a display function can be provided with a simple configuration.

Sectional drawing which shows the switching valve of 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of a manual shaft in the switching valve of the first embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the state which supplied the pilot fluid to the pilot chamber via the supply port in the switching valve of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the state which pressed the manual axis | shaft in the switching valve of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the switching valve of 2nd Embodiment. The expanded sectional view which shows the manual axis vicinity in the switching valve of 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the state which supplied the pilot fluid to the 1st pilot chamber via the supply port in the switching valve of 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the state which pressed and operated the manual axis | shaft in the switching valve of 2nd Embodiment. The expanded sectional view which shows the manual axis vicinity in the switching valve of another example. Sectional drawing which shows the state which supplied the pilot fluid to the pilot chamber via the supply port in the switching valve of another example. Sectional drawing which shows the state which pressed the manual axis | shaft in the switching valve of another example.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the switching valve 1 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped valve casing 2 fixed to a base (not shown), and a shaft-like spool valve body 3 serving as a valve body is accommodated in a reciprocating manner. Become. The switching valve 1 drives the spool valve body 3 with a pilot fluid (compressed air in this embodiment), and supplies it to a fluid pressure device (not shown) such as an air cylinder (in this embodiment, The flow path through which (compressed air) flows is switched.

  As shown in the figure, the valve casing 2 includes a valve body 6 in which a spool valve body 3 is inserted so as to be capable of reciprocating movement, and valve holes 5 are formed on both sides of the spool valve body 3 in the axial direction. A master cap 7 connected to one axial end side (left side in FIG. 1) of the spool valve body 3 in the body 6 and an axial other end side (right side in FIG. 1) of the spool valve body 3 in the valve body 6 are connected. The end cap 8 is provided.

  The valve body 6 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The valve body 6 includes an air supply port 11 connected to a main fluid supply source (not shown), first and second exhaust ports 12 and 13 connected to exhaust passages (not shown), First and second output ports 14 and 15 connected to the fluid pressure device are formed. Each of these ports 11 to 15 communicates with the valve hole 5. The air supply port 11 is formed in the valve body 6 near the center in the axial direction of the spool valve body 3, and the first and second exhaust ports 12 and 13 are formed on both sides of the air supply port 11, respectively. The first and second output ports 14 and 15 are formed between the air supply port 11 and the first and second exhaust ports 12 and 13, respectively.

  The spool valve body 3 is provided with a plurality of valve portions 3a which are arranged apart from each other in the axial direction and which partition the inside of the valve hole 5 to switch the main fluid flow path, that is, the communication state between the ports 11 to 15. Is formed. Specifically, each valve part 3a is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the valve hole 5, and each valve part 3a and the valve hole are formed on the outer peripheral surface of each valve part 3a. A seal member 16 that seals the gap between the two is attached. In the state where the spool valve body 3 is located at the first switching position on one axial end side shown in FIG. 1, the air supply port 11 and the second output port 15 are in communication with each other, and the first exhaust port 12 and The first output port 14 is in communication. On the other hand, when the spool valve body 3 is positioned at the second switching position on the other axial end side (see FIG. 3), the air supply port 11 and the first output port 14 are in communication with each other, and the second exhaust port. 13 and the second output port 15 are in communication.

  The master cap 7 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The master cap 7 is formed so that a round hole-shaped pilot chamber 21 having an inner diameter larger than that of the valve hole 5 is coaxial with the valve hole 5 while opening in a surface 7 a facing the valve body 6. Yes. The master cap 7 has a supply port 22 to which a pipe extending from a supply source of pilot fluid (compressed air in this embodiment) is connected, and a communication flow path 23 that connects the supply port 22 and the pilot chamber 21. Is formed. The supply port 22 opens on the upper surface 7 b of the master cap 7. The pilot chamber 21 accommodates a substantially disc-shaped piston 25 fitted in the shaft end 3b on one end side of the spool valve body 3 so as to be reciprocally movable. A seal member 26 that seals between the piston 25 and the pilot chamber 21 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the piston 25. In the present embodiment, the supply of pilot fluid to the switching valve 1 is controlled by a valve (not shown) provided in the supply source.

  The end cap 8 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The end cap 8 is formed with a round hole-shaped storage chamber 27 that opens on a surface 8 a facing the valve body 6. The accommodating chamber 27 accommodates a valve urging member 28 that urges the spool valve element 3 toward one end in the axial direction. In addition, the valve urging member 28 of the present embodiment is configured by a coil spring. When the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the valve urging member 28 is compressed and allows the spool valve body 3 to move to the other axial end side, while the supply of the pilot fluid is stopped. The spring constant (elastic coefficient) is set so that the spool valve body 3 is moved toward one end in the axial direction.

  Here, the switching valve 1 is a manual operation in which the operator manually moves the spool valve body 3 to switch the communication state between the ports 11 to 15 even when the pilot fluid is not supplied from the pilot fluid supply source. And a display function for displaying whether or not the pilot fluid is being supplied to the pilot chamber 21 (communication state between the ports 11 to 15).

  More specifically, the master cap 7 is formed with a shaft hole 31 communicating with the pilot chamber 21 and the outside coaxially with the valve hole 5, and a shaft-shaped manual shaft 32 is formed in the shaft hole 31. The spool valve body 3 is accommodated on the same axis so as to be reciprocally movable. As a result, the manual shaft 32 moves to the inner side (the other end side in the axial direction) of the shaft hole 31 to directly press the piston 25 to move the spool valve body 3 from the first switching position to the second switching position. It is possible to make it. That is, the manual operation function is realized.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the shaft hole 31 is continuous with the outer hole 33 opening on the opposite surface 7 c opposite to the opposite surface 7 a of the master cap 7, and the outer hole 33, and opens into the pilot chamber 21. The inward hole portion 34 is formed. The outer hole portion 33 is formed in a circular cross section, and the inner hole portion 34 is arranged coaxially with the outer hole portion 33 and has a larger inner diameter than the outer hole portion 33. It is formed into a shape. In other words, the inner hole portion 34 has a shape that bulges in the orthogonal direction perpendicular to the manual axis as compared with the outer hole portion 33.

  The manual shaft 32 is configured by connecting a shaft-shaped first shaft member 41 disposed on the outer side and a second shaft member 42 disposed on the inner side (pilot chamber 21 side), The axial length is slightly shorter than the axial length of the shaft hole 31. Further, the manual shaft 32 has a shaft more than the initial position in a state where the pilot fluid is not pressed from the outside and the pilot fluid is not supplied to the pilot chamber 21 based on the pressure of the pilot fluid supplied to the pilot chamber 21. The hole 31 is formed so as to be movable on the outer side (one axial end side).

  Specifically, the first shaft member 41 includes an outer shaft portion 43 that is accommodated in the outer hole portion 33 so as to be able to reciprocate, and an intermediate shaft portion that extends from the other axial end side of the outer shaft portion 43. 44 and a threaded portion 45 extending from the other axial end side of the intermediate shaft portion 44. The outer shaft portion 43 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the outer shaft portion 43 is formed substantially equal to the inner diameter of the outer hole portion 33. Further, the axial length of the outer shaft portion 43 is formed substantially equal to the axial length of the outer hole portion 33. The intermediate shaft part 44 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft part 44 is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer shaft part 43. That is, the outer peripheral edge of the outer shaft portion 43 extends in the orthogonal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) orthogonal to the manual shaft 32 from the intermediate shaft portion 44, and the outer peripheral edge of the outer shaft portion 43 is outward. Corresponds to the extension.

  The second shaft member 42 is configured as an inner shaft portion 46 that is accommodated in the inner hole portion 34 so as to be reciprocally movable. The inner shaft portion 46 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the inner shaft portion 46 is formed substantially equal to the inner diameter of the inner hole portion 34. That is, the outer diameter of the inner shaft portion 46 is formed larger than the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft portion 44 and the inner diameter of the outer hole portion 33. Therefore, the outer peripheral edge of the inner shaft portion 46 extends in the orthogonal direction from the intermediate shaft portion 44, and the outer peripheral edge of the inner shaft portion 46 corresponds to the inward extending portion. Further, the outer peripheral edge of the inner shaft portion 46 faces the stepped portion 35 between the outer hole portion 33 and the inner hole portion 34 in the axial direction. A seal member 47 that seals between the inner shaft portion 46 and the shaft hole 31 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner shaft portion 46.

  The axial length of the inner shaft portion 46 is formed such that the sum of the axial length of the intermediate shaft portion 44 is slightly shorter than the axial length of the inner hole portion 34. Further, the inner shaft portion 46 is formed with a screw hole 48 that opens to one end side in the axial direction and into which the screw portion 45 is screwed. The first shaft member 41 and the second shaft member 42 are connected to each other when the screw portion 45 is screwed into the screw hole 48. Therefore, the inner shaft portion 46 is connected to the outer shaft portion 43 via the intermediate shaft portion 44, and the manual shaft 32 is located at the initial position, and the inner shaft portion 46 is connected to the step portion 35. Are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other. As a result, the manual shaft 32 can be moved to the outside of the shaft hole 31.

  A shaft biasing member 53 as a biasing member is mounted on the manual shaft 32 via a pair of receiving members 51 and 52 that are fitted to the intermediate shaft portion 44 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction. That is, the shaft urging member 53 is provided in the shaft hole 31 so as to be compressible between the step portion 35 and the inner shaft portion 46 of the manual shaft 32. Note that the shaft biasing member 53 of the present embodiment is configured by a coil spring.

  Specifically, the receiving members 51 and 52 are each formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The receiving member 51 disposed on the outer shaft portion 43 side (one axial end side) is formed with an annular flange portion 51a extending radially outward from the end portion on the outer shaft portion 43 side, The receiving member 52 disposed on the inner shaft portion 46 side (the other end side in the axial direction) is formed with an annular flange portion 52a extending radially outward from the end portion on the inner shaft portion 46 side. ing. The outer diameters of the flange portions 51 a and 52 a are formed substantially equal to the inner diameter of the inner hole portion 34. The flange portion 51 a has an outer hole portion 33 and an inner hole portion 34 in the axial direction of the manual shaft 32. It faces the step 35 between the two. The outer end portion 53 a of the shaft biasing member 53 is in contact with the flange portion 51 a of the receiving member 51, and the inner end portion 53 b of the shaft biasing member 53 is in contact with the flange portion 52 a of the receiving member 52. Has been. The shaft urging member 53 may be in a free state where the manual shaft 32 is positioned at the initial position, or may be in a free state where the manual shaft 32 is not compressed, or may be in a compressed state where it is compressed to some extent.

  When the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the shaft biasing member 53 is compressed and allows movement to the outside of the manual shaft 32. On the other hand, when the supply of the pilot fluid is stopped, the shaft biasing member 53 The spring constant is set so as to move to the inner side. Thus, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the manual shaft 32 moves to the outside by compressing the shaft biasing member 53. As described above, the manual shaft 32 is displaced in a direction different from the case where the spool valve body 3 is moved by the pressing operation at the time of supplying the pilot fluid. Therefore, the operator confirms the position of the manual shaft 32 to check the position of the manual shaft 32. It is possible to determine whether or not the fluid is being supplied. That is, the display function is realized.

  In the switching valve 1 configured as described above, the axial length of the manual shaft 32 is shorter than the axial length of the shaft hole 31 as described above, and the axial length of the outer shaft portion 43 is the outer hole. The entire length of the manual shaft 32 including the outer shaft portion 43 is accommodated in the shaft hole 31 in a state in which the manual shaft 32 is located at the initial position. When the manual shaft 32 moves to the outside from the initial position, the outer shaft portion 43 projects from the master cap 7 to the outside.

Next, the operation of the switching valve of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the manual shaft 32 is not pressed from the outside by an operator and the pilot fluid is not supplied to the pilot chamber 21 (the manual shaft 32 is located at the initial position), the spool valve The body 3 is urged toward one end in the axial direction by the valve urging member 28 and is positioned at the first switching position.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the spool valve body 3 is urged toward the other end in the axial direction by the piston 25, and the valve urging member 28 is compressed to 2 Move to the switching position. In FIG. 3, the pilot fluid is indicated by point hatching for convenience of explanation. At this time, the manual shaft 32 is urged to the outside side under the pressure of the pilot fluid, moves to the outside side while compressing the shaft urging member 53, and the outer shaft portion 43 protrudes to the outside of the master cap 7. To do. When the supply of the pilot fluid is stopped, the spool valve body 3 is urged toward one end in the axial direction by the valve urging member 28 and moves to the first switching position, and the manual shaft 32 is urged by the shaft. The member 53 is urged to the inner side to move to the initial position (see FIG. 1).

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the operator presses the manual shaft 32 from the opening on the outside of the shaft hole 31 using a tool (not shown), the manual shaft 32 moves to the inner side from the initial position. By directly pressing the piston 25, the spool valve body 3 is pressed to the other end side in the axial direction and moves to the second switching position. At this time, since the receiving member 51 is pressed by the outer peripheral edge of the outer shaft portion 43 and moves integrally with the manual shaft 32, the outer end portion 53 a of the shaft urging member 53 and the inner side of the receiving member 51, 52 are moved. The state in which the end portion 53b abuts is maintained, and the outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion 53b are prevented from being irregularly displaced. When it is no longer pressed by the operator, the spool valve body 3 is urged toward one end in the axial direction by the valve urging member 28 and moves to the first switching position, and the manual shaft 32 is spooled via the piston 25. The valve body 3 is pressed to move to the initial position.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be achieved.
(1) The manual shaft 32 that moves the spool valve body 3 by being moved from the initial position to the inner side when pressed from the outside is formed to be movable to the outer side from the initial position. A shaft urging member 53 is provided in the shaft hole 31 to urge the manual shaft 32 moved to the outside from the initial position toward the inside.

  According to the said structure, a display function is implement | achieved by the manual axis | shaft 32 for implement | achieving a manual operation function. Therefore, the configuration of the switching valve 1 can be simplified compared to the case where the switching valve 1 is additionally provided with a member such as an indicator that is displaced based on the pressure of the pilot fluid in addition to the manual shaft 32. Moreover, the flow path and hole formed in the master cap 7 can be reduced, and the shape can be simplified. Further, for example, a switching valve having only a manual operation function can be configured by accommodating a manual shaft formed in the shaft hole 31 so as to be immovable outside the initial position, and a master cap can be formed between different types of switching valves. 7 can be shared.

  (2) Since the manual shaft 32 is formed so that the outer shaft portion 43 protrudes from the master cap 7 in a state where the manual shaft 32 is located on the outer side from the initial position, the pilot fluid is supplied by the operator. It becomes possible to easily determine whether or not it is in a state.

  (3) Since the manual shaft 32 is formed so that the outer shaft portion 43 is accommodated in the shaft hole 31 with the manual shaft 32 positioned at the initial position, the manual shaft 32 is positioned at the initial position. It can suppress that the switching valve 1 enlarges. In particular, in the configuration in which the outer shaft portion 43 of the manual shaft 32 protrudes from the master cap 7 in a state where the pilot fluid is supplied as in the present embodiment, the manual shaft 32 depends on whether or not the pilot fluid is supplied. Since it appears and disappears from the shaft hole 31 and the change in the external shape of the switching valve 1 increases, it can be more easily determined whether or not the pilot fluid is being supplied.

  (4) The manual shaft 32 is fitted with the intermediate shaft portion 44 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and is provided with receiving members 51 and 52 facing the step portion 35 in the axial direction of the manual shaft 32, and a shaft biasing member The outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion 53b of 53 are brought into contact with the members 51 and 52, respectively. Therefore, when the manual shaft 32 is moved to the inner side, the outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion 53b of the shaft urging member 53 that has become free can be prevented from being irregularly displaced, It is possible to suppress the outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion 53b from sliding on the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 31 and being damaged.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. For convenience of explanation, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the valve body 6 opens to a position communicating with the air supply port 11 regardless of the position of the spool valve body 3, and is provided at both axial end surfaces of the spool valve body 3 in the valve body 6. An open substantially T-shaped air supply passage 61 is formed. 5 to 7, the pilot fluid is indicated by point hatching for convenience of explanation.

  The master cap 7 includes a cap body 62 connected to the valve body 6, a cover member 63 fixed to the upper side in the height direction (upper side in FIG. 4) perpendicular to the spool valve body 3 of the cap body 62, and the cap body 62. And a connecting member 64 connected to the opposite side of the valve body 6.

  The cap body 62 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The cap body 62 is formed so that a round pilot-shaped first pilot chamber 65 having an inner diameter larger than that of the valve hole 5 is coaxial with the valve hole 5 while opening in a surface 62 a facing the valve body 6. Has been. The first pilot chamber 65 accommodates a substantially disc-shaped first piston 66 fitted to the shaft end portion 3b on one end side of the spool valve body 3 so as to be capable of reciprocating. A seal member 67 that seals between the first piston 66 and the first pilot chamber 65 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the first piston 66.

  The cap body 62 is formed with an insertion hole 68 that opens in the upper surface 62b and extends in the height direction. The insertion hole 68 includes a large-diameter hole portion 69 that opens to the upper surface 62 b and a small-diameter hole portion 70 that is formed continuously with the large-diameter hole portion 69. In the present embodiment, the large-diameter hole 69 is formed in a circular cross section, and the small-diameter hole 70 is formed in a circular cross-section having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter hole 69. Further, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 5, the cap main body 62 has a communication hole 71 that communicates the first pilot chamber 65 and the small diameter hole portion 70 of the insertion hole 68, and an inner peripheral surface of the small diameter hole portion 70. A connection hole 72 is formed which opens at a position higher in the height direction than the communication hole 71 (upper side in FIG. 5) and is connected to the air supply passage 61 of the valve body 6. Further, the cap main body 62 opens at a position on the lower side in the height direction (lower side in FIG. 5) than the opposite surface 62 c opposite to the facing surface 62 a and the communication hole 71 on the inner peripheral surface of the small diameter hole portion 70. An introduction hole 73 is formed.

  The cover member 63 is formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape and has a through hole 75 penetrating in the height direction. The through-hole 75 is formed in a circular cross-section having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter hole portion 69 of the insertion hole 68. In this embodiment, the insertion hole 68 and the through hole 75 constitute a shaft hole in which the manual shaft 32 is accommodated so as to be able to reciprocate. The through hole 75 corresponds to the outer hole portion, and is a large diameter hole. The part 69 corresponds to an inward hole part.

  The connection member 64 is formed with a supply port 76 to which a pipe extending from a pilot fluid supply source is connected, and a communication channel 77 that connects the supply port 76 and the introduction hole 73 of the cap body 62. In addition, the supply port 76 of this embodiment is opening on the opposite surface of the connection member 64 on the opposite side to the valve body 6.

  The end cap 8 is formed with a round pilot-shaped second pilot chamber 81 that opens to a surface 8 a facing the valve body 6. In the second pilot chamber 81, a substantially disc-shaped second piston 82 fitted in the shaft end 3c on the other end side of the spool valve body 3 is accommodated so as to be capable of reciprocating. A seal member 83 that seals between the second piston 82 and the second pilot chamber 81 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the second piston 82. The end cap 8 is formed with a connection flow path 84 connected to the air supply passage 61 of the valve body 6 and connected to the second pilot chamber 81. As a result, a part of the main fluid supplied via the air supply passage 61 is always supplied to the second pilot chamber 81 as the pilot fluid. The pressure receiving area of the second piston 82 that receives the pilot fluid pressure is set to be smaller than the pressure receiving area of the first piston 66 that receives the pilot fluid pressure. Therefore, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber 65, the spool valve body 3 is urged toward the other end in the axial direction by the first piston 66 and moves to the second switching position. On the other hand, when the supply of the pilot fluid to the first pilot chamber 65 is stopped, the spool valve body 3 is urged toward the one end side in the axial direction by the second piston 82 and moves to the first switching position.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the manual shaft 32 includes a first shaft member 41 having an outer shaft portion 43 and an intermediate shaft portion 44, and a second shaft having an inner shaft portion 46, as in the first embodiment. The member 42 is connected to each other, and the manual shaft 32 has receiving members 51 and 52 and a shaft biasing member 53 mounted on the intermediate shaft portion 44. The manual shaft 32 is formed such that its axial length is shorter than the sum of the axial length of the insertion hole 68 and the axial length of the through hole 75. The outer shaft portion 43 has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the through-hole 75, and the outer shaft portion 43 has an axial length substantially equal to the axial length of the through-hole 75.

  The second shaft member 42 has a valve body portion 91 that extends downward in the height direction from the inner shaft portion 46 and is accommodated in the small-diameter hole portion 70 so as to be able to reciprocate. The inner shaft portion 46 has an outer diameter that is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the small-diameter hole portion 70, and an annular shape that extends radially outward at the upper end of the inner shaft portion 46 in the height direction. An inwardly extending portion 92 is formed. The outer diameter of the inward extending portion 92 is formed to be substantially equal to the inner diameter of the large diameter hole portion 69.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the valve body 91 is formed in a columnar shape, and the outer diameter of the valve body 91 is smaller than the inner diameter of the small-diameter hole 70. The valve body portion 91 is spaced apart from each other in the height direction and partitions the inside of the small diameter hole portion 70 to switch the communication state between the communication hole 71, the connection hole 72, and the introduction hole 73. A valve portion 91a is formed. Specifically, each valve portion 91a is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the small-diameter hole portion 70, and each valve portion 91a and the small diameter are formed on the outer peripheral surface of each valve portion 91a. A seal member 93 that seals between the holes 70 is attached. Each valve portion 91a blocks the communication hole 71 and the connection hole 72 in the state where the manual shaft 32 is located at the initial position or outside the initial position, that is, in the state where the receiving member 51 is in contact with the cover member 63. The communication hole 71 and the introduction hole 73 are communicated with each other. In each valve portion 91a, the manual shaft 32 moves to the inner side from the initial position, and the inwardly extending portion 92 becomes a stepped portion 94 (see FIG. 6) between the large diameter hole portion 69 and the small diameter hole portion 70. The communication hole 71 and the connection hole 72 are communicated with each other in a contact state, and the communication hole 71 and the introduction hole 73 are blocked.

  Then, the manual shaft 32 moves to the inner side (the lower side in the height direction) of the insertion hole 68, and connects the communication hole 71 and the connection hole 72, whereby the first pilot chamber 65 is connected to the first pilot chamber 65 via the air supply passage 61. A part of the main fluid supplied in this manner is supplied as a pilot fluid, and the spool valve body 3 can be moved from the first switching position to the second switching position. That is, a manual operation function is realized.

  Further, a return urging member 95 that urges the manual shaft 32 upward in the height direction is disposed between the distal end portion of the valve body portion 91 and the bottom portion of the small diameter hole portion 70. Note that the shaft biasing member 53 of the present embodiment is configured by a coil spring. The return biasing member 95 is set to have a smaller spring constant than the shaft biasing member 53, and the manual shaft 32 in a state where the receiving member 51 is in contact with the cover member 63 is moved further upward in the height direction. It is supposed not to let you.

  As in the first embodiment, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber 65 via the supply port 76, the manual shaft 32 is compressed to the outside by compressing the shaft urging member 53. The display function is realized.

  In the switching valve 1 configured as described above, the axial length of the manual shaft 32 is shorter than the sum of the axial lengths of the insertion hole 68 and the through-hole 75 as described above, and the shaft of the outer shaft portion 43 is. Since the length in the direction is substantially equal to the length in the axial direction of the outer hole portion 33, the outer shaft portion 43 is accommodated in the through hole 75 when the manual shaft 32 is located at the initial position. When the manual shaft 32 moves to the outside from the initial position, the outer shaft portion 43 projects from the cover member 63 to the outside.

Next, the operation of the switching valve of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the manual shaft 32 is not pressed from the outside by the operator and the pilot fluid is not supplied to the first pilot chamber 65, the spool valve body 3 is axially moved by the second piston 82. It is biased toward one end and is located at the first switching position.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber 65, the spool valve body 3 is urged toward the other end side in the axial direction by the first piston 66 and moves to the second switching position. To do. At this time, the manual shaft 32 is urged to the outside side (upward in the height direction) by the pressure of the pilot fluid, moves to the outside side while compressing the shaft urging member 53, and the outer shaft portion 43 is moved to the master cap 7. Project outside. When the supply of the pilot fluid is stopped, the spool valve body 3 is urged toward one end thereof by the second piston 82 and moves to the first switching position, and the manual shaft 32 is moved to the shaft urging member 53. Is urged to the inner side (lower side in the height direction) to move to the initial position (see FIG. 5).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the operator presses the manual shaft 32 from the opening on the outside of the through hole 75 using a tool (not shown), the manual shaft 32 moves to the inner side from the initial position, By connecting the communication hole 71 and the connection hole 72, a part of the main fluid is supplied to the first pilot chamber 65 as the pilot fluid. As a result, the spool valve body 3 is urged toward the other end in the axial direction by the first piston 66 and moves to the second switching position. When it is no longer pressed by the operator, the manual shaft 32 is urged to the outside by the return urging member 95 and moves to the initial position, and the communication hole 71 and the connection hole 72 are blocked and the first pilot is cut off. The pilot fluid is not supplied to the chamber 65. The spool valve body 3 is urged toward the one end side in the axial direction by the second piston 82 and moves to the first switching position.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
In addition, each said embodiment can also be implemented in the following aspects which changed this suitably.

  In the first embodiment, the manual shaft 32 may not be provided with the receiving members 51 and 52, and the shaft biasing member 53 may be mounted on the outer periphery of the manual shaft 32. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the manual shaft 32 is formed continuously with the outer shaft portion 43, which is disposed on the outside side and is reciprocally accommodated in the outer hole portion 33, and the outer shaft portion 43. At the same time, the inner shaft portion 46 is accommodated in the inner hole portion 34 so as to be reciprocally movable. The outer shaft portion 43 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the outer shaft portion 43 is formed substantially equal to the inner diameter of the outer hole portion 33. Further, the axial length of the outer shaft portion 43 is formed shorter than the axial length of the outer hole portion 33. The inner shaft portion 46 includes a fitting portion 101 that is continuous with the outer shaft portion 43 and into which the shaft biasing member 53 is fitted, and a large-diameter portion 102 that is larger in diameter than the fitting portion 101. . That is, the outer peripheral edge of the large diameter portion 102 extends in the orthogonal direction perpendicular to the manual shaft 32 rather than the outer shaft portion 43, and the outer peripheral edge corresponds to the inward extending portion. The shaft urging member 53 is disposed between the step portion 35 and the large diameter portion 102.

  As shown in FIG. 10, when the pilot fluid is supplied to the pilot chamber 21, the switching valve 1 configured in this way moves the spool valve body 3 to the second switching position as in the first embodiment. The manual shaft 32 moves to the outside, and the outer shaft portion 43 projects to the outside of the master cap 7. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, when the operator presses the manual shaft 32 from the opening on the outside of the shaft hole 31 using a tool (not shown), the manual shaft 32 moves to the inner side from the initial position. By directly pressing the piston 25, the spool valve body 3 is pressed to the other end side in the axial direction and moves to the second switching position. In this configuration, compared to the case where the receiving members 51 and 52 are provided, the number of parts can be reduced to reduce costs.

Similarly, in the second embodiment, the manual shaft 32 may not be provided with the receiving members 51 and 52, and the shaft biasing member 53 may be mounted on the outer periphery of the manual shaft 32.
In the above embodiment, the inner end portion 53 b of the shaft biasing member 53 may be brought into contact with the inner shaft portion 46 without providing the receiving member 52. Even in this configuration, when the manual shaft 32 is moved to the inner side, the outer end portion 53a and the inner end portion 53b of the shaft urging member 53 that is in a free state are irregularly displaced. Can be prevented.

  In the first embodiment, the outer diameter of the outer shaft portion 43 and the inner shaft portion 46 is formed to be larger than the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft portion 44, and the outer peripheral edge is the outer extending portion. For example, the outer shaft portion 43 and the inner shaft portion 46 are formed with protrusions or the like protruding outward in the radial direction, and the protrusions function as an outer extension portion and an inner extension portion. Also good. Similarly, in the second embodiment, protrusions and the like that protrude radially outward may be formed on the outer shaft portion 43 and the inner shaft portion 46.

  In the first embodiment, the shaft hole 31 is formed in a circular cross section. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be formed in, for example, a polygonal cross section or an elliptical cross section. Moreover, you may form the manual axis | shaft 32 in a cross-sectional polygonal shape, a cross-sectional elliptical shape, etc. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the insertion hole 68, the through hole 75, or the manual shaft 32 may be formed in a polygonal cross section, an elliptical cross section, or the like.

  In the first embodiment, the outer shaft portion 43 is accommodated in the shaft hole 31 with the manual shaft 32 positioned at the initial position. However, the outer shaft portion 43 is positioned at the initial position. May protrude from the shaft hole 31 to the outside. In this case, it is desirable that a portion exposed for the first time when moved to the outside of the manual shaft 32 is given a color different from the surroundings or the shape of the portion is changed. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the outer shaft portion 43 may protrude from the through hole 75 with the manual shaft 32 positioned at the initial position.

  In the first embodiment, the outer shaft portion 43 protrudes to the outside in a state where the manual shaft 32 is positioned outside the initial position, but does not protrude to the outside, and the shaft hole 31 in the same state. It may remain housed inside. In this case, for example, an opening window or the like facing the shaft hole 31 is preferably formed. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the outer shaft portion 43 may remain accommodated in the through hole 75 in a state where the manual shaft 32 is located outside the initial position.

  In each of the above embodiments, the manual shaft 32 is configured by connecting the first shaft member 41 having the outer shaft portion 43 and the intermediate shaft portion 44 and the second shaft member having the inner shaft portion 46 to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a manual shaft may be configured by connecting a shaft member having the outer shaft portion 43, a shaft member having the intermediate shaft portion, and a shaft member having the inner shaft portion 46. . Further, the shaft members may be connected to each other by press-fitting or the like without using screws.

  In each of the above embodiments, the shaft urging member 53 is configured by a coil spring, but is not limited thereto, and may be configured by another spring member such as a disc spring or an elastic body such as rubber. The valve urging member 28 and the return urging member 95 may also be constituted by other spring members such as a disc spring or an elastic body such as rubber.

In each of the above embodiments, the master cap 7 may be connected to the other axial end of the spool valve body 3 in the valve body 6.
-In each above-mentioned embodiment, although compressed air was used as a main fluid and pilot fluid, it may not be restricted to this but other fluids may be used.

  In each of the above embodiments, piping extending from the supply source is connected to the supply ports 22 and 76 of the master cap 7, and the supply of the pilot fluid to the switching valve 1 is controlled by a valve provided in the supply source. However, for example, a pilot valve composed of an electromagnetic valve may be directly connected to the master cap 7, and the pilot fluid supply may be controlled by the pilot valve.

  In each of the above embodiments, the present invention is applied to the switching valve 1 that switches the communication state between the five ports 11 to 15 by the spool valve body 3, but is not limited to this, for example, the number of ports other than five Further, the present invention may be applied to one using a poppet valve as a valve body.

Next, technical ideas that can be understood from the above embodiments and other examples will be described below together with their effects.
(A) In the switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the shaft hole is continuous with the outer hole portion opening to the outside and the outer hole portion, and from the outer hole portion. Also has an inward hole portion swelled in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the manual shaft, the manual shaft is disposed on the outside and is accommodated in the outer hole portion, and The inner shaft portion is formed continuously with the outer shaft portion and is accommodated in the inner hole portion, and the inner shaft portion extends in the orthogonal direction with respect to the outer shaft portion. An inwardly extending portion is formed opposite to the step portion between the outer hole portion and the inner hole portion in the axial direction of the manual shaft, and the biasing member includes the step portion and the inner portion. A switching valve, which is arranged between the direction extension part. According to the said structure, compared with the case where a receiving member is provided, a number of parts can be reduced and cost reduction can be aimed at.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Switching valve, 3 ... Spool valve body, 5 ... Valve hole, 6 ... Valve body, 7 ... Master cap, 8 ... End cap, 11 ... Air supply port, 12 ... 1st exhaust port, 13 ... 2nd exhaust port , 14 ... 1st output port, 15 ... 2nd output port, 21 ... Pilot chamber, 25 ... Piston, 28 ... Valve biasing member, 31 ... Shaft hole, 32 ... Manual shaft, 33 ... Outer hole part, 34 ... Inner hole portion, 35 ... step portion, 41 ... first shaft member, 42 ... second shaft member, 43 ... outer shaft portion, 44 ... intermediate shaft portion, 46 ... inner shaft portion, 51, 52 ... receiving member 53 ... Shaft biasing member, 53a ... Outer end portion, 53b ... Inner end portion, 62 ... Cap body, 63 ... Cover member, 64 ... Connection member, 65 ... First pilot chamber, 66 ... First piston, 68 ... Insertion hole, 69 ... Large diameter hole, 70 ... Small diameter hole, 75 ... Through hole, 81 ... Second pilot , 82 ... second piston, 91 ... valve body, 92 ... inner extending portion.

Claims (4)

A valve body in which a plurality of ports through which main fluid is supplied and discharged and a valve hole communicating with each port are formed, and a valve body that is accommodated in the valve hole so as to reciprocate and switches a communication state between the ports And a master cap connected to at least one side of both ends of the valve hole in the valve body, and the pilot fluid is supplied to and discharged from a pilot chamber formed in the master cap, whereby the valve body is In the reciprocating switching valve,
The master cap has a shaft hole communicating with the pilot chamber and the outside, and a manual shaft is accommodated in the shaft hole so as to be able to reciprocate. The valve body is configured to move by being moved to the inside of the shaft hole,
The manual shaft is formed to be movable to the outside of the shaft hole from the initial position,
A switching valve comprising a biasing member that biases the manual shaft that has moved to the outside of the shaft hole from the initial position toward the inside. The switching valve according to claim 1,
The manual shaft is formed so that an outer shaft portion arranged on the outer side of the manual shaft protrudes from the master cap in a state where the manual shaft is located on the outer side of the initial position. valve. In the switching valve according to claim 1 or 2,
The switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the manual shaft is formed so that an outer shaft portion disposed outside the manual shaft is accommodated in the shaft hole in a state where the manual shaft is located at the initial position. In the switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The shaft hole includes an outer hole portion that opens to the outside, and an inner hole portion that is continuous with the outer hole portion and bulges in an orthogonal direction perpendicular to the manual shaft from the outer hole portion. Have
The manual shaft is arranged on the outer side and is accommodated in the outer hole, the inner shaft is accommodated in the inner hole, the outer shaft and the inner shaft. Having an intermediate shaft portion connecting the portions,
The outer shaft portion is formed with an outward extending portion that extends in the orthogonal direction with respect to the intermediate shaft portion, and the inner shaft portion has the orthogonal direction with respect to the intermediate shaft portion. An inward extending portion is formed extending to
The manual shaft is fitted to the intermediate shaft portion so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and is opposed to a step portion between the outer hole portion and the inner hole portion in the axial direction of the manual shaft. A receiving member is provided,
The switching valve according to claim 1, wherein an outer end portion disposed on the outer side of the biasing member is in contact with the receiving member.