KR20130044737A - Driver circuit of motor for motor driven power steering system - Google Patents

Driver circuit of motor for motor driven power steering system Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20130044737A
KR20130044737A KR1020110108945A KR20110108945A KR20130044737A KR 20130044737 A KR20130044737 A KR 20130044737A KR 1020110108945 A KR1020110108945 A KR 1020110108945A KR 20110108945 A KR20110108945 A KR 20110108945A KR 20130044737 A KR20130044737 A KR 20130044737A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
motor
gate driver
voltage
gate
driving
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020110108945A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김재범
Original Assignee
현대모비스 주식회사
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Application filed by 현대모비스 주식회사 filed Critical 현대모비스 주식회사
Priority to KR1020110108945A priority Critical patent/KR20130044737A/en
Publication of KR20130044737A publication Critical patent/KR20130044737A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • H02P27/14—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation with three or more levels of voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors

Abstract

PURPOSE: A motor driving circuit of a motor driven power steering system is provided to improve energy efficiency by driving an inverter which uses a negative charge pump. CONSTITUTION: An inverter unit drives a motor. A first gate driving unit(20) applies driving voltage in a dual power type. The first gate driving unit drives a pull-up transistor in the inverter unit. A second gate driving unit(30) drives a pull-down transistor in the inverter unit. A control unit(10) controls the first and second gate driving units. [Reference numerals] (10) Control unit; (20) First gate driving unit; (30) Second gate driving unit

Description

DRIVER CIRCUIT OF MOTOR FOR MOTOR DRIVEN POWER STEERING SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a motor driving circuit of an electric power steering apparatus, and more particularly, to a motor driving circuit of an electric power steering apparatus for driving a drive power of an inverter for driving a motor through a positive power source.

In general, a power steering device includes a hydraulic steering device using oil and an electric power steering device using a motor.

The hydraulic steering device is a power pump, which generates hydraulic pressure by a power unit that generates hydraulic pressure by the power of the engine to generate hydraulic pressure, and sends hydraulic pressure in a steering direction when the driver turns the steering wheel to make the handling lighter.

Motor Driven Power Steering System (MDPS) improves steering capability by using motor.

Unlike the conventional hydraulic steering system, the electric power steering system improves steering performance and steering feeling by allowing the motor to automatically control according to driving conditions.

Background of the present invention is disclosed in Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0092717 (2011.08.18.).

In order to drive or switch a motor of an electric power steering device, an inverter based on a power semiconductor element such as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) / insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is employed.

In order to drive such an inverter, a separate driving circuit and driving conditions are required, and a power semiconductor device for voltage controlled driving requires a compromise between short circuit resistance and power loss.

In other words, as the gate voltage increases, the power loss decreases, but the G-S breakdown voltage and the short-circuit current at the top of the gate increase greatly, exceeding the short circuit resistance of the device and thermally destroyed. On the contrary, if the gate voltage is too low, the power loss increases, resulting in low energy efficiency and limited current that can actually flow.

Therefore, the driving condition of the driving circuit is driving a single power supply to which a charge pump gate drive circuit is applied.

At this time, as the driving condition, VGS = + 15V ~ 0V, the peak value of the charge / discharge current is required A.

That is, the gate voltage requires a gate plus voltage to maintain the ON state and a 0 V voltage to maintain the OFF state.

Therefore, in the gate voltage control driving, it is limited by the saturation voltage, short circuit resistance, noise resistance and gate withstand voltage of the device, and a compromise is required.

Thus, when driving an inverter by a single power supply, there are the following problems.

1. In the semiconductor device for voltage control, the saturation region is largely dependent on the gate plus voltage. When the gate voltage is low, the ON voltage (saturation voltage) becomes high, and the normal loss increases.

2. If the gate voltage is too high, short-circuit protection becomes difficult because the short-circuit current increases in case of load short-circuit or failure. Therefore, a gate plus voltage considering the upper limit value / lower limit value is required depending on the drain / collector current range used.

3. In the case of a large current element, the charge and discharge current of the gate is applied a peak current of several A. In this case, there is a limit in driving a single power supply (+ 15V ~ 0V) for fast switching. The switching speed is lowered and the power loss is higher.

4. Too high a gate voltage for high current drive risks gate breakdown. Thus, the gate use voltage is limited.

5. In general, the device maker recommends a gate plus voltage of 10V to 12V for MOSFETs and a slightly higher 15V to 10% for IGBTs. However, this voltage value is a value directly applied to the gate of the element, and the driving power supply voltage of the actual gate driver requires a voltage of 1 to 2V higher because the voltage control inside the gate driver must be considered. Therefore, it is necessary to limit input power.

In addition, there is a problem in that the parasitic turn-on phenomenon due to the influence of the Miller cap should be considered when designing the gate driver to switch the MOSFET of the inverter in a single power supply drive.

The present invention has been created to improve the above problems, the electric power steering to drive the motor of the electric power steering apparatus by driving the inverter in a positive power system by generating a negative voltage using a negative charge pump receives the battery power input The object is to provide a motor drive circuit of the device.

The motor drive circuit of the electric power steering apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention is an inverter unit for receiving a driving voltage and converting it into a three-phase power source to drive the motor; A first gate driver configured to drive a pull-up transistor of the inverter unit by applying a driving voltage in a positive power scheme; A second gate driver for driving a pull-down transistor of the inverter unit by applying a driving voltage in a positive power scheme; And a controller configured to control the first gate driver and the second gate driver to drive the motor.

In the present invention, the inverter unit is characterized in that it comprises a power semiconductor device of a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) and IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).

In the present invention, the first gate driver and the second gate driver generate a negative voltage through the negative charge pump.

The present invention protects the circuit by preventing abnormal upper lock caused by the influence of the Miller cap by driving the inverter of the electric power steering device by driving the inverter in the positive power method by generating a negative power by using the battery charge input negative charge pump In addition, the reverse recovery current of the gate driver can be suppressed to improve energy efficiency and improve noise resistance, and to reduce the size of the power conversion circuit for a positive power source in a vehicle powered by a single power source.

1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a motor driving circuit of an electric power steering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a circuit diagram illustrating in detail a gate driver according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described an embodiment of a motor driving circuit of the electric power steering apparatus according to the present invention. In this process, the thicknesses of the lines and the sizes of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation. In addition, the terms described below are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, which may vary depending on the intention or custom of the user, the operator. Therefore, definitions of these terms should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a motor driving circuit of an electric power steering apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a gate driving unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the motor driving circuit of the electric power steering apparatus includes an inverter unit 40, a first gate driver 20, a second gate driver 30, and a controller 10.

The inverter unit 40 receives the driving voltage and converts the three-phase power to drive the motor 50.

The inverter unit 40 is configured such that three pull-up transistors S1, S3, S5 and three pull-down transistors S4, S6, and S2 are paired, respectively, to output three-phase driving voltages.

The inverter unit 40 is composed of a power semiconductor device of a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) and an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT).

The first gate driver 20 drives the pull-up transistors S1, S3, and S5 of the inverter unit 40 by applying a driving voltage in a positive power (+ 15V to -15V) manner.

The second gate driver 30 drives the pull-down transistors S4, S6, and S2 of the inverter unit 40 by applying a driving voltage in a positive power (+ 15V to -15V) manner.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the first gate driver 20 and the second gate driver 30 include the third capacitor C3, the fourth diode D4, the fourth capacitor C4, and the third diode D3. Negative voltage is generated through the negative charge pump (22) including.

That is, when a high pulse of + 15V is applied, the current charges the third capacitor C3 through the third capacitor C3 and the fourth diode D4. Then, when a 0 V low pulse is applied, a -15 V potential difference is formed through the third capacitor C3, and a current charged in the third capacitor C3 flows through the third diode D3 to form a fourth capacitor ( Negative charge pumping occurs by charging C4).

The negative voltage thus generated is applied to the source of the second transistor Q2, and then the high pulse is applied again. However, at this time, since the Vgs of the second transistor Q2 exceeds 20V and may cause damage to the device, the second transistor Q2 has a level shifted through the second resistor R2, the second capacitor C2, and the second diode D2. Protect the transistor Q2. In addition, in order to protect the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4, the first diode D1 and the first capacitor C1 are added to the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4. The first resistor (R1) is added as a gate resistance of the circuit) to protect the device.

The controller 10 controls the first gate driver 20 and the second gate driver 30 to drive the motor 50 in a positive power supply method.

As described above, according to the motor driving circuit of the electric power steering apparatus according to the present invention, the battery power is input to generate a negative voltage by using a negative charge pump to drive the inverter in a positive power mode, thereby rising momentarily due to the miller cap. The Vgs voltage is absorbed by the negative power supply, which reduces the influence of the Miller cap, which prevents and protects the abnormal turn-on phenomenon in advance, thereby reducing the stress of the device during switching and preventing the top lock.

In addition, the reverse recovery current of the gate driver may be suppressed to improve energy efficiency and improve noise resistance, and to reduce the size of a power conversion circuit for a positive power supply in a vehicle supplied with a short power supply from a battery.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. I will understand. Accordingly, the technical scope of the present invention should be defined by the following claims.

10:
20: first gate driver
30: second gate driver
40: inverter unit
50: motor

Claims (3)

An inverter unit which receives a driving voltage and converts it into a three-phase power source to drive a motor;
A first gate driver configured to drive the pull-up transistor of the inverter unit by applying the driving voltage in a positive power scheme;
A second gate driver configured to drive the pull-down transistor of the inverter unit by applying the driving voltage in the positive power scheme; And
And a controller configured to control the first gate driver and the second gate driver to drive the motor.
2. The motor driving circuit of claim 1, wherein the inverter includes a semiconductor element for power of a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) and an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).
The motor driving circuit of claim 1, wherein the first gate driver and the second gate driver generate a negative voltage through a negative charge pump.
KR1020110108945A 2011-10-24 2011-10-24 Driver circuit of motor for motor driven power steering system KR20130044737A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020110108945A KR20130044737A (en) 2011-10-24 2011-10-24 Driver circuit of motor for motor driven power steering system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020110108945A KR20130044737A (en) 2011-10-24 2011-10-24 Driver circuit of motor for motor driven power steering system

Publications (1)

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KR20130044737A true KR20130044737A (en) 2013-05-03

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20150045700A (en) * 2013-10-21 2015-04-29 현대모비스 주식회사 Motor drive apparatus
KR20200077009A (en) 2018-12-20 2020-06-30 주식회사 만도 Driving circuit for motor of electric power steering apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20150045700A (en) * 2013-10-21 2015-04-29 현대모비스 주식회사 Motor drive apparatus
KR20200077009A (en) 2018-12-20 2020-06-30 주식회사 만도 Driving circuit for motor of electric power steering apparatus

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