KR20120136016A - Frequency sweeping and beam steering antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An automatic frequency variable beam steering antenna is provided to form a copier array by vertically arranging plural vertical copier modules. CONSTITUTION: A beam steering antenna includes k pieces of copy elements(111-1~111-k) and vertical copy element array module(110-1~110-n). Each vertical copy element array module is divided into an upper part and a lower part. Upper copy elements receive power through a strip line main feeder. Lower copy elements receive power through a strip line feeder. Each copy element is combined with a protrusion of the main feeder. Each copy element is supplied to broadband copiers. [Reference numerals] (150) Beam steering control device; (AA) Left half; (BB) Right half; (CC) Upper half; (DD) Lower half; (EE) Receiver; (FF) Signal processing S/W; (GG) Beam pointing program; (HH) Indicator

Description

FREQUENCY SWEEPING AND BEAM STEERING ANTENNA}

The present invention relates to an antenna for detection radar, and more particularly, to an automatic frequency variable beam steering antenna that detects the trajectory of the shell fired by an enemy and quickly searches the firing position.

In general, radar (RADAR) is an abbreviation of Radio Detecting And Ranging and emits electromagnetic waves of microwaves (microwave, 3cm ~ 30cm) to an object to receive electromagnetic waves reflected from the object. It is a wireless monitoring device that finds distance, direction, altitude, etc.

The detection radar used for military use among radars is a radar for finding an enemy. The radar detects the distance and direction of the target by receiving a reflected wave reflected back by firing an electric wave to the target.

Meanwhile, the radar for detecting the trajectory of the shell fired by the enemy during combat is called the 'cannon artillery radar', and 'ARTHUR', a type of artillery radar, tracks the flight trajectory of the shell. Navigate your artillery location. The original ARTHUR can detect enemy artillery at distances of 15-20 km.

The antenna used in the conventional artillery radar has a problem in that it cannot detect the elevation angle trajectory only by detecting a range of about 10 ° as an elevation angle and thus cannot accurately detect the position of the enemy launching point.

In addition, the conventional antenna has a wide range of frequency variable ranges by using a feeder as a waveguide or a feeder as a straight line, so expensive broadband amplifiers and displacement devices are used, which is expensive, and the wavelength in the waveguide is changed irregularly and the waveguide slot There is a problem in that the copier becomes a narrow band and cannot widen the frequency variable range.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to divide the antenna into an upper half and a lower half to feed a vertical radiation element array module with a feed line formed of a "d" shaped strip line, thereby providing a frequency in a wide frequency range. Even if the characteristics are uniform and the frequency variable range is narrowed even more narrowly than with a straight feeder, the vertical elevation angle can be varied so that a low-cost, non-rotating, automatic variable frequency beam steering antenna can be used to detect the target efficiently. It is to be provided in the vehicle mounted.

In order to achieve the above object, the antenna of the present invention includes an n × k radiating element array in which n vertical radiating element array modules in which k radiating elements are arranged vertically, and n vertical radiating element array modules. N RF modules connected to each other to feed a transmission signal to the n × k array, and receive and output a reflection signal, and a high frequency of a predetermined frequency range f _L to f _H based on a reference frequency f ₀ . Distribution means for distributing and feeding automatic frequency variable sweep signal to n RF modules, left synthesizer for synthesizing received signals of left RF module by dividing n RF modules into left and right numbers, and n RF modules To generate a sum and a difference signal by receiving the right synthesizer for synthesizing the received signal of the right RF module by dividing the left and right numbers, and the signal of the left synthesizer and the signal signal of the right synthesizer. An automatic frequency variable beam steering antenna composed of hybrids,

The vertical radiating element array module

divided into k / 2 upper half radiation elements and k / 2 lower half radiation elements,

The upper half radiating elements are fed into a "d" shaped upper half stripline main feeder, and the lower half radiating elements are fed into a "d" shaped lower half stripline main feeding line, and the upper half main feeding line and the lower half main feeding line Through the linear and ∩ extension strip line feed lines, they are connected in hybrid to output vertical difference (E △) and vertical sum (E∑) signals to the RF module, respectively, so that the frequency range of the sweep signal (f _L ~ f _H) It is characterized in that the vertical radiant elevation can be largely changed even if the value of.

The RF module includes a first receiver RX1 for processing a vertical difference EΔ signal of the hybrids H1 to Hn, and a second receiver for processing a vertical sum signal of the hybrids H1 to Hn. (RX2) and a transmitter (TX) for transmitting the sweep signal, steering a beam in a vertical direction with a sweep signal in a predetermined frequency range (f _L to f _H ) around a reference frequency (f ₀ ), According to the phase control signal of the beam steering controller, the beam is steered in the horizontal direction with the phase shifter.

The beam steering antenna according to the present invention forms a copier array by arranging a plurality of vertical copier modules arranged in a plurality of copiers in a horizontal direction, and then detects an elevation range of 0 ° to 35 ° or more in a vertical direction by varying the frequency. Using a phase shifter, a high-performance detection radar that can detect azimuth ranges from 0 ° to 60 ° in the horizontal direction can be implemented.

In particular, according to the present invention, the feed line of the antenna is composed of a “d” shaped strip line, so that the frequency characteristics are uniform in a wide frequency range, and the vertical radiant elevation angle can be more variable even if the frequency variable range is narrowed than the straight vertical feed line. . In other words, if the length L of the feeder line is increased by 2 times or more than the radiating element spacing S, the frequency bandwidth is reduced to 1/2 or less in the same elevation angle range, and when L is 3 times or more, the frequency bandwidth is 1/3 or less. Reduced costs can be achieved by using narrow band devices in RF modules.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a beam steering antenna according to the present invention is mounted on a vehicle;
2 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram of a beam steering antenna according to the present invention;
3 is a plan view of a beam steering antenna according to the present invention;
4 is a front view of a beam steering antenna according to the present invention;
5 is a schematic diagram of a beam steering antenna according to the present invention;
6 is a side view of a vertical beam radiation element feed line according to the present invention;
7 is a cross-sectional view of the upper half and the lower half of the beam feeder according to the present invention;
8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an RF module for feeding a vertical beam power supply according to the present invention;
9 shows a first embodiment of a beam steering antenna radiation element according to the present invention;
10 is a second embodiment of a beam steering antenna radiation element according to the present invention;
11 is a third embodiment of a beam steering antenna radiation element according to the present invention;
12 is a view for explaining a vertical radiation angle of the beam steering antenna according to the present invention;
13 is a view for explaining a horizontal radiation angle of a beam steering antenna according to the present invention;
14 is a view illustrating a power supply line operation principle of an antenna according to the present invention;
15 is a vertical and horizontal radiation pattern diagram of an antenna according to the present invention.

The technical problems achieved by the present invention and the practice of the present invention will be more clearly understood by the preferred embodiments of the present invention described below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a vehicle mounted state of a beam steering antenna according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the beam steering antenna 100 according to the present invention is installed as a hinge 24 on the hydraulic mechanism box 20 of the mobile vehicle 10, and according to the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 22. It is possible to stand or lay down (100), and install the selter 30 in the rear of the vehicle 10 and connect the antenna 100 and the selter 30 through the cable duct 40 with a cable after the selter ( The internal console of 30) operates and monitors the antenna 100 and supplies power to the antenna and communication equipment (the internal power of the shelter is attached to a switchboard connected to a separate generation vehicle). In the antenna housing 102, a copier array module 110 and an RF module 120 are installed, and a transceiver box and a communication device are built in the transceiver box 104, and internal equipment is opened and closed through a door 104a. It can be repaired.

2 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram of a beam steering antenna according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a plan view of a beam steering antenna according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a front view of the beam steering antenna according to the present invention.

2 to 4, the beam steering antenna 100 according to the present invention is embedded in the antenna housing 102 and the antenna housing 102, the radio wave absorber 103 is attached to the side and the rear; N vertical radiator array modules 110-1 to 110-n and n RF modules 120-1 to 120-n connected to each vertical radiator array module 110-1 to 110-n. ), And the auxiliary antenna 130, the transceiver unit 104 is installed in the lower transceiver box 104 of the antenna housing (102). The antenna 100 of the present invention is installed through the hinge 24 and the hydraulic cylinder 22 on the hydraulic machinery box 20, the antenna 100 by controlling the hydraulic cylinder 22 with a hydraulic compressor (not shown) ) To stand or lay down.

In addition, in order to remove the interference effect on other communication when operating the frequency variable at high power, the radio wave absorber 103 is attached to the inner rear and side of the antenna housing 102, and the auxiliary (AUX) antenna on the upper portion of the antenna housing 102 ( 130) can be used to reduce the side lobes of the radiation beam.

In one vertical radiating element array module 110, k radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k are divided into upper and lower parts and arranged vertically, and the upper radiating element 111- (k / 2 + 1) to 111-k are connected to the hybrid H1 through the upper main feed line strip line 113u formed on the PCB, and the lower radiation elements 111-1 to 111-k / 2 are formed on the PCB. The lower main feed line strip line 113d is connected to the hybrid through the feed line 113d of the array module 110 with the radiating element thereon to transmit the transmission signal of the RF module 120-1 to 120-n. And the received signal of the radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k to the receiving units of the RF modules 120-1 to 120-n.

As described above, the antenna 100 of the present invention is coupled to the radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k by the directional coupler 112 through the main feed wires 113u and 113d of the “L” shaped strip line on the PCB board. Comprising a traveling wave antenna connected to the copiers 111-1 to 111-k, and through the hybrid (H1 ~ Hn) below the rear of each vertical radiation element array module (110-1 ~ 110-n) RF module (120) -1 to 120-n) were attached. In addition, a low loss insulator plate 101 is attached to the front of the antenna housing 102 to be moisture-proof, and a radio wave absorber 103 is attached to the side and the rear of the antenna housing 102 to prevent interference and interference with other communications. .

5 is a schematic diagram of an automatic frequency variable beam steering antenna according to the present invention.

In the beam steering antenna 100 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, k radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k are vertical radiating element array modules 110 vertically arranged into upper and lower halves. -1 ~ 110-n) are divided into left and right halves and arranged n horizontally so that all radiating elements form n × k arrays. As described above, in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k may be arranged in a vertical range of 60 or more elements, and in a horizontal arrangement of 40 or more elements, thereby forming a 40 × 60 array.

Each vertical radiating element array module 110-1 to 110-n is divided into an upper half and a lower half, as shown in FIG. 5, so that the upper half radiating elements 111-(k / 2 + 1) to 111-k are represented. The upper half is fed through the "d" shaped stripline main feeder (113u), and the lower half radiating elements (111-1 to 111-k / 2) are connected to the lower half "d" shaped stripline feeder (113d), FIG. C) is fed through the extended stripline type feed line (no copier equal to 113u ') 113d'. Each of the radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k is coupled to the protruding portions of the main feed lines 113u and 113d through the combiner 112 and fed to the broadband copying machines 111 through the feeder 114. The main feed wires 113u and 113d are not straight lines but have a "-" shaped strip line.

In addition, the upper half stripline main feed line 113u and the lower half stripline main feed line 113d of each of the vertical radiating element array modules 110-1 through 110-n pass through the extended stripline feed lines 113u 'and 113d', respectively. It is connected to the hybrids H1 to Hn, respectively, and generates a vertical difference E △ and a vertical sum signal through the hybrids H1 to Hn, and outputs them to the RF modules 120-1 to 120-n. The first reception difference signal EΔ of the left RF module 120-1 to 120-n / 2 is synthesized by the first synthesizer C1, and the left half RF module 120-1 to 120-n. The second received sum signal (∑) of the n / 2) output is synthesized by the second synthesizer C2, and the first received difference of the RF module 120- (n / 2 + 1) to 120-n output of the right half is combined. The signal EΔ is synthesized by the fourth synthesizer C4, and the second received sum signal ∑ of the output of the RF module 120- (n / 2 + 1) to 120-n of the right half portion is a third synthesizer ( Synthesized in C3).

The fifth synthesizer C5 synthesizes the vertical difference EΔ signal of the first synthesizer C1 and the vertical difference EΔ signal of the fourth synthesizer C4 to output the entire vertical difference EΔ signal. The final hybrid HS receives the vertical sum signal of the second synthesizer C2 and the vertical sum signal of the third synthesizer C3 and outputs a horizontal difference ΔAz signal and a total sum signal ∑.

On the other hand, the transmission signal of the automatic variable frequency sweep signal generator 160 is divided into a left half transmission signal and a right half transmission signal by the first divider D1, and the left half transmission signal is left by the second divider D2. The RF module 120- (n / 2 + 1) -120-n is distributed to the RF module 120-1 to 120-n / 2 of the half, and the right half transmission signal is transmitted by the third distributor D3. ) Is distributed. The directional coupler output is also sent to the receiver IF converter.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, each of the RF modules 120-1 to 120-n includes a first receiver RX1 and a hybrid H1 to a vertical difference (EΔ) signal of the hybrids H1 to Hn. And a second receiver RX2 for processing the vertical sum signal of Hn, and a transmitter TX for processing the transmission signal, wherein the first receiver RX1 is a vertical difference E from the hybrids H1 to Hn. A limiter 121 receiving a signal △), a low noise amplifier 122, a phase shifter 123, and a variable amplifier 140-1 to convert the first received signal S_RX1 to the first synthesizer C1. The second receiver RX2 outputs a limiter 125, a low noise amplifier 126, a phase shifter 127, a switch 128, and a variable amplifier, which receive a received signal from the circulator 124 in a receiving step. And a second received signal RX2 to the second synthesizer C2. In addition, the transmitter TX receives the transmission signal S_TX from the splitters D2 and D3 and passes through the switch 28, the phase shifter 27, and the variable amplifier 140-2 connected to the transmission mode TX. After amplifying at 129, the amplified transmission signal is transferred to the hybrids H1 to Hn through the circulator 124.

Referring back to FIG. 5, the beam steering control device 150 controls the phase shifters 123 and 127 of each of the RF modules 120-1 to 120-n / 2 with control signals Cont1 to Contn to control beam steering. Make it happen.

14 is a view illustrating a power supply line operation principle of an antenna according to the present invention.

As used in the present invention, the " d " shaped feeder is S as shown in FIG. The length of the feed line fed to the element is L, and the feed length L of the feed line is longer than S (L≥2S, for example, 2 times, 3 times, 4 times).

Therefore, if the frequency wavelength of the free space is λ and the wavelength of the strip line is λ _S , the angular displacement θ of the antenna front H direction and the maximum radio wave radiation direction E is obtained as shown in Equation 1 below.

According to Equation 1, it can be seen that each displacement θ is variable according to a frequency variable, that is, a change in λ _S. Also, if the L length is increased by several wavelengths, even if the frequency variable range is varied by about 10%, it is about 10 ° to 90 °. The vertical radiation elevation is variable. (Where n is a natural number determined by L length such as 1,2, ...)

Conventionally, the feed line should be composed of waveguides or straight lines to widen the frequency variable range, and according to the frequency variation, the wavelength in the waveguide is changed irregularly, and the waveguide slot copier becomes a narrow band and thus the frequency variable range cannot be widened.

However, in the present invention, the feed line of the antenna is composed of a “d” shaped stripline, so that the frequency characteristics are uniform in a wide frequency range, and the vertical radiation elevation angle may be more variable even if the frequency variable range is narrowed than the straight vertical feed line. Increasing the length L of the feeder line 2 times the radiating element spacing S reduces the frequency bandwidth to 1/2 or less in the same elevation angle range, and increasing L to 3 times reduces the frequency bandwidth to 1/3 or less to narrow the RF module. Bandwidth devices can be used to significantly reduce the cost of amplifiers and individual modules.

In the horizontal radiation beam varying method, the beam steering control device 150 sends the phase shift signals cont1 to contn to the phase shifters 123 and 127 so as to automatically change the pass propagation phase to steer the horizontal radiation beam.

The operation of the beam steering antenna according to the present invention configured as described above will be described when divided into transmission and reception.

[Send operation]

From a sweep signal oscillator (not shown) located in the transceiver box 104, for example, a sweep signal within a 3 GHz (f _L ) to 7 GHz (f _H ) band is transmitted to a first transmission distributor ( D1) and is divided into a left transmission signal and a right transmission signal. The left and right transmission signals are distributed by the respective second transmission distributors D2 and D3 and then input to the respective RF modules 120-1 to 120-n.

Since the high speed switch 128 is connected to the transmission side at the time of transmission, the transmission signal S_TX input to each RF module 120-1 to 120-n passes through the high speed switch 128 and then phase shifter ( 127), a variable amplifier, and a high output amplifier (HPA) 129, and then, are passed through the circulator 124 and are fed to the vertical radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k through the hybrids H1 to Hn. At this time, the high speed switch 128 is connected to the transmission (TX) point only at the time of the RF transmission pulse, and when the pulse power is turned off, the target reflection signal can be connected to the reception (RX) contact immediately.

[Receive operation]

The signals received at the lower half radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k / 2 and the upper half radiating elements 111- (k / 2 + 1) to 111-k are perpendicular to the hybrid H1 to Hn. And the vertical difference signal is processed by the first receiving unit RX1 of the RF module and the vertical sum signal is processed by the second receiving unit RX2 of the RF module.

The vertical sum signal of the hybrid input to the first receiver is amplified by the low noise amplifier 122 through the band pass filter 121 and then phase shifted according to the control signal by the phase shifter 123 to the first synthesizer C1. Is output.

In addition, the vertical difference signal of the hybrid input to the second receiver is amplified by the low noise amplifier 126 via the circulator 124 and the limiter 125 and then through the receiving contact of the high speed switch 128 and the phase shifter 127. Phase shifted through) and output to the second synthesizer (C2) through the variable amplifier. That is, at the time of reception, the high speed switchers 128 are immediately connected to the reception point when the transmission pulse power is turned off, and transfer the received signals to the left and right reception sum signal synthesizers c2 and c3, and the left and right reception difference signal synthesizers. (c1, c4) synthesizes the signals received from each RF module (120-1 ~ 120-n / 2) and RF module (120- (n / 2 + 1) ~ 120-n) to the hybrid (HS) Output The hybrid HS processes the received signals of the left and right receiving synthesizers to output a total signal and a horizontal difference signal, thereby accurately detecting the position at which the enemy fired the gun. Each of the vertical and horizontal difference signals is narrower in width than the sum signal, so that the minimum difference signal is processed by the display unit so that the direction angle can be detected more precisely.

6A is a side view of the radiation element according to the present invention, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the power supply portion 113u of the upper half, and FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of the lower half power supply portion 113d. .

Referring to FIG. 6, the upper half is one feed unit coupled to the radiation element, and the lower half is fed to the feed line 113d for coupling the radiation element and the extended upper half feed line 113u 'for simply feeding the feed line 113u without being coupled to the radiation element. The second half is extended in parallel with the same length as the extended feed line 113d ', and the lower half extended stripline feed line 113d' having the same length as the upper half extended feed line 113u 'is attached to the lower half feed line 113d' and then hybridized. Connected to.

As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, the radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k of the antenna according to the present invention are vertically spaced at about one wavelength interval of the center frequency f ₀ of the operating frequency. 주 -type mains feed strip line (120) arranged on the PCB substrate 114, which is arranged, coupled through the directional coupler 112, and supported by honeycomb, foam, urethane 117, etc., between the two conductor plates 116a and 116b. The power is fed through 113 and the branch line 112. In some cases, a branch line may be directly connected to the main feed line using an impedance transformer. Reference numeral 115 is an insulator.

The radiation elements 111-1 to 111-k may be implemented in various shapes, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the first embodiment of the A type, the second embodiment of the B type, and the third embodiment of the C type Explain only about.

9 is a first embodiment of the radiation element according to the present invention, FIG. 10 is a second embodiment of the radiation element according to the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a third embodiment of the radiation element according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 9, the A-type radiation element 111 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a gentle curved shape, and the B-type radiation element 211 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the conductor plate is formed in a rectangular shape, and the C-type radiation element 311 according to the third embodiment of the present invention has a triangular line shape in which the conductor plate is smooth as shown in FIG. 11. In this case, the frequency bandwidth is wide-ranged so that the radiation performance is the same even if the frequency is variable.

9 to 11, the radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k used in the vertical radiating element modules 110-1 to 110-n are designated bandwidth radiating elements within 3 GHz to 10 GHz. Depending on the size, various forms such as A type, B type, and C type can be used. The radiating elements 111, 211 and 311 are formed on the outer conductor plate, and the main feed wire 113 and the branch line 112 are printed on the PCB substrate 114 for equality of production quality, and close to the dielectric constant 1 at intervals of about 10 mm. Honeycombs or foamable resins were used to construct striplines with significantly reduced dielectric losses.

12 is a view for explaining the vertical radiation angle of the antenna according to the present invention, Figure 13 is a view for explaining the horizontal radiation angle of the antenna according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 12, when the vertical radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k are spaced at f ₀ (4 GHz) spatial wavelength and the operating frequency is changed to f _L (3 GHz), the first radiating element 111 is fixed. -1) and the position of the first radiation element 111-1 and the second radiation element 111-2 in phase with the L (in case of two wavelengths) position in front of the second radiation element 111-2. The position of is space / wavelength and radiates α (-36 °) down from horizontal to downward on the line plus L (two wavelengths).

In addition, if the operating frequency is changed to f _H (6 GHz), the phase of the second radiation element 111-2 becomes in phase at the point H in front of the first radiation element 111-1 rather than the second radiation element 111-2. By radiating β (+ 36 °) upward at a right angle on the line plus the H point to the position and the position of the first radiation element 111-1, ± 36 °, that is, 72 ° or more and 90 ° elevation change is possible. In other words, if the frequency is varied from 3 GHz to 6 GHz, the radiating elements 111-1 to 111-k are arranged at 4 GHz horizontally at 4 GHz in a horizontal direction at 4 GHz, and then the elevation angle of -36 to +36 is possible. This makes it possible to vary the elevation angle of more than 72 ° as a whole. This description is an example in which the feed line length L between the radiating elements is 2 wavelengths longer than the spatial wavelength interval, but the frequency change range is changed by about 10% of the center frequency by adjusting the length L between feed lines according to the elevation angle range 36 ° to 90 °. The elevation angle can be changed over 40 °.

12, the horizontal azimuth is phase shifted to the phase shifter 122 of the RF modules 120-1 to 120-n attached to the lower ends of the vertical radiating element array modules 110-1 to 110-n. Sequentially shift the phase from the first array module 110-1 to the n th array module 110-n to phase shift at the Q1 line space radiation point in phase, the beam is steered in the P1 direction, i. If the phase shifts from the array module 110-n to the first array module 110-1 and phase shifts in phase at the Q2 line space radiation point, the beam is steered in the P2 direction (left direction) to about ± 30 °. ° It is possible to copy in the direction. The above description is just one example, and the elevation angle may be changed to 36 ° or more and the azimuth angle to 60 ° or more.

As described above, when the vertical difference signal E △ and the horizontal difference signal Az △ are extracted from the received signal and the data signal is indicated only at the narrow angle of the difference signal as shown in FIG. 15, the more accurate elevation angle and azimuth angle are displayed. can do. However, since the receiver takes two sets (RX1, RX2) and many accessory feeders such as a hybrid synthesizer, if the direction angle and elevation angle are not important, the accessories such as the above difference signal receiver and the upper lower extension feeder are omitted. When configured, it is possible to manufacture cheaper and smaller products.

15 is a radiation pattern diagram of an antenna according to the present invention, (a) is a vertical radiation pattern, and (b) is a horizontal radiation pattern.

Referring to FIG. 15, the sum pattern has a direction error of w ⁰ because the sum pattern is wide in the beam width w and can be received within a wide angle. However, the monopulse, EΔ, and AzΔ have extremely narrow angle ranges w, so that the signal can be received only in this angle range to detect a more precise direction angle.

The present invention has been described above with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, but those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom.

10: vehicle 20: hydraulic machinery box
22: hydraulic cylinder 24: hinge
30: Selter 100: beam steering antenna
101: insulation plate 102: antenna housing
103: radio wave absorber 104: transceiver box
110-1 to 110-n: vertical radiating element array module
111-1 to 111-k: radiating element 112: coupler
113u / d: mainstrip stripline
117: Honeycomb 120-1 ~ 120-n: RF module
130: auxiliary antenna H1-Hn, HS: broadband hybrid
C1 ~ C5: Broadband Synthesizer D1 ~ D3: Broadband Splitter

Claims (5)

An n × k copy element array in which n copy elements are arranged vertically and n × k copy element arrays arranged horizontally, and n vertical copy element array modules are connected to the n × k copy element arrays, respectively. N RF modules that feed on and receive the reflected signal and output them, and automatically distribute the frequency variable sweep signal in a predetermined frequency range (f _L to f _H ) to n RF modules centering on the reference frequency f ₀ . Distribution means, and a left synthesizer for synthesizing the received signals of the left RF module by dividing n RF modules into left and right numbers, and a received signal of the right RF module by dividing n RF modules into left and right numbers. In the automatic frequency variable beam steering antenna composed of a right synthesizer for synthesizing a signal and a hybrid for receiving a signal of the left synthesizer and a signal signal of the right synthesizer and generating a sum and a difference signal,
The vertical radiating element array module
k / 2 upper half radiators,
divided into k / 2 lower half radiating elements,
The upper half of the radiating elements are fed to the "r" shaped upper half of the main feed line (113u),
The lower half radiating elements are fed to the "r" shaped lower half main feed line 113d,
The upper half main feed line 113u and the lower half main feed line 113d are connected by a hybrid H1 to Hn to transmit a vertical difference signal and a vertical sum signal to the RF module 120-1 to 120-. n)
The vertical radiation elevation angle can be changed greatly even if the frequency range (f _L to f _H ) of the sweep signal is reduced. The method of claim 1, wherein the RF module
A first receiver RX1 for processing the vertical difference EΔ signals of the hybrids H1 to Hn, and a second receiver RX2 for processing a vertical sum signal of the hybrids H1 to Hn; And a transmitter (TX) for transmitting the postmark signal.
Steering the beam in the vertical direction with the automatic frequency variable sweep signal in the predetermined frequency range (f _L to f _H ) around the reference frequency (f ₀ ), and beaming in the horizontal direction with the phase shifter according to the phase control signal of the beam steering controller. Automatic frequency variable beam steering antenna, characterized in that for steering. The method of claim 1, wherein the antenna
Vertical radiating by overlapping the upper and lower radiating element array modules with a U-shaped lower half extended feed stream line (lower half feed) and a linear upper half extended feed strip line without the lower half radiating element to feed the same length and same phase to the hybrid feeder. Automatic frequency-variable beam steering antenna that feeds to receive vertical difference signals and vertical sum signals. The receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the receiver extracts the vertical difference signal and the horizontal difference signal so that the data sum signal (target reflection signal) receiving unit indicator can process and instruct only at a narrow angle of the difference signal minimum. Automatic variable frequency beam steering antenna with elevation, precision azimuth indication. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the elevation angle and azimuth indication are not precise and low cost is required, the dummy rod of the lower half of the upper half of the vertical radiating element array module is removed, and the lower half end is directly connected to the upper half of the input. Small, low-cost, automatic variable frequency beam steering antenna that cancels the vertical horizontal difference signal and omits only one transmission signal and one reception sum signal by omitting a hybrid, a synthesizer, and an extension strip line.

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