KR20120125106A - Earthquake-proof construction for the ground fix-ture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A seismic device of ground facilities is provided to secure the safety of facilities even a super powerful earthquake more than 6.5 of a Richter a scale. CONSTITUTION: A seismic device of ground facilities comprises a dock(10), a platform(20), an anchor(30), a shock absorbing pad(40), and water(50). The dock comprises a water supply tank(12) and a sand layer(70). The platform is a high performance buoyancy body, thereby being floated in the inside of the dock. The anchor is hung in an anchor cable(32). The shock absorbing pad is attached in the inner circumference of the dock to be close. The shock absorbing pad prevents damage caused by a collision of the platform and dock. The water is charged in the dock to maintain a constant water level.

Description

Earthquake-resistant earthquake facilities {EARTHQUAKE-PROOF CONSTRUCTION FOR THE GROUND FIX-TURE}

The present invention relates to an earthquake-proof device having excellent earthquake resistance against various facilities installed on the ground.

Most of the natural earthquakes are related to plate tectonics, a geological theory that explains continental movement. This earthquake is called Tektonic earthquake. Geologists also explain the causes of earthquakes with elastic-restoration theory. Earthquakes can also occur in conjunction with volcanic activity. The movement of underground magma can cause earthquakes, and by monitoring these earthquakes, one can monitor volcanic activity and predict eruptions.

In general, the earthquakes of earthquakes that occur in transitional faults range from several kilometers to several tens of kilometers, but they can reach hundreds of kilometers at deeper depths. While most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries, earthquakes within the plates are often reported. This earthquake is called an intra plate earthquake.

Some earthquakes are caused by humans. The causal human activities include the development of fossil fuels or groundwater, reservoirs, artificial explosions, and the collapse of large buildings. If water fills or falls out of the air gap between rocks, earthquakes can occur because the strength of the rock changes.

An earthquake occurs when energy stored in the earth destroys rocks, and the place of origin is called the epicenter. In large earthquakes, the epicenter may be extended to hundreds of kilometers. Destruction at the epicenter is not at all destroyed at one point, but begins at one point and spreads at a constant speed. The origin of the destruction is the epicenter, usually at the edge of the epicenter.

The point on the surface just above the epicenter is called epicenter. The seismic observations provide the location of epicenters (e.g. epicenters and depths of epicenters), and the location and shape of epicenters are obtained by analyzing the source distribution of numerous aftershocks and the crustal fluctuations following an earthquake.

Investigating the place where an earthquake occurs, earthquakes are often concentrated in the crust or in a certain part of the upper mantle, either by the distribution of the epicenter or by the depth of the epicenter. This is called an earthquake station.

Earthquake disasters are divided into primary disasters caused by the earthquake itself and secondary disasters that occur incidentally. Primary disasters include the destruction of the surface and underground structures due to strong earthquakes, the collapse of the ground, and the loss and destruction of houses and ships caused by tsunamis.

Secondary disasters are the disruption of life due to the destruction of fire, water, electricity, gas, telecommunications networks, and the distribution of living materials. In urban areas, the proportion of secondary disasters, especially petrochemical plants, automobile fuels, and building fires, is increasing.

The countermeasures in this case are mainly to reduce the ignition sources in the city, to facilitate the disaster prevention work in the dense buildings, and to design them as disaster prevention cities from the time of urban design. The characteristics of today's earthquake disaster countermeasures are focused on the reduction of primary disasters and the deterrence of secondary disasters.

When a major earthquake occurs, houses are destroyed or damaged, cracks are generated on the ground, and spraying and the like occur. In addition, landslides can occur and cause great damage.

The earthquake zone and the volcano stand are almost identical, and when the volcano erupts due to the earthquake, the volcanic ash clouds cover the sky, causing damage. Particularly dangerous is the fire caused by the earthquake, which is far greater than the damage caused by the earthquake itself. As for the damage of buildings, there is a special engineering part called seismic engineering, and the countermeasures are studied, and the seismic building method is devised. Reducing earthquake disasters using knowledge of seismology or seismic engineering is called disaster prevention measures.

There are five ways to minimize damage through the design of structures for earthquakes, all of which reduce the damage caused by earthquakes.

Seismic design is a method of reinforcing and flexibly designing fragile structures so that the building does not collapse even if damaged by earthquakes, thereby minimizing human injury. However, because the interior is quite damaged, in order to prevent such a high-rise building in order to ensure the safety, it is used in parallel with the seismic isolation, vibration damping design. It is the most used method in most buildings.

The seismic isolation design is to reduce the damage of earthquake between the building and the ground. The seismic bearing using laminated rubber, damper, and bearing between the building's ground and the ground reduces the impact during the earthquake to some extent, thus reducing the frequency of the damage to the building. This is less.

In the damping design, a vibration or damper, which is about 1% of the total weight of the building, is installed inside the building, and the vibration is canceled by moving in the opposite direction of the building.

The seismic design is the ultimate way to prevent the damage caused by earthquakes, and it is a structure that completely separates the ground from the ground by using air bearings, magnetic force, buoyancy, etc., so that it is not affected by earthquakes, but it has not been commercialized.

For other design tips, geological surveys should be carried out on the rock if possible. This is because, when building on the ground such as sediments, even if an earthquake of the same magnitude and magnitude occurs, the possibility of collapse is higher than that of building on rock.

However, the seismic isolator bearing that has been widely applied to conventional seismic isolator is limited in magnitude 6.5, and its utility is extremely questionable for super strengths exceeding 6.5 on the Richter scale.

Therefore, strengthening the seismic design of key facilities that require the highest level of safety, such as nuclear power plants, is an important task that must be implemented.

The present invention is to provide a ground-proof earthquake-resistant device that can ensure the safety of facilities even in the super earthquake of 6.5 or more on the Richter scale.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a water level automatic adjustable water supply device attached dock that traps a large amount of water for seismic shock wave absorption; A platform that floats in the dock as a high performance buoyant body; A shock absorbing pad surrounded by an inner circumferential surface of the dock to prevent damage when the platform collides with the dock due to an earthquake shock wave; An anchor for inducing posture stabilization of the platform even in the fluctuation of water in the dock and the positional change of the platform due to the earthquake; And platform floating water filled in the dock; We propose an earthquake-proof seismic system consisting of ground facilities.

When the earthquake occurs, the shock wave of the direct displacement that affects the dock is greatly attenuated by the water ripple, and the platform that shows the retardation movement and the reflective motion when the water rumbles is only finely swayed by the cooperation of the anchor and the anchor line. By not hitting, the seismic resistance of the facilities mounted on the platform is greatly improved. The seismic device of this facility has great power against super strong earthquake that can not be afforded by ordinary seismic bearing.

1 is a partial cutaway front view of a facility seismic device according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a facility seismic device, a part of which is omitted.
3 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the anchor
4 is an action diagram of the anchor according to the seismic shock wave
Figure 5 is an illustration of a case where a plurality of anchor lines and anchors are installed for each elastic column
6 is a partial cutaway plan view showing a modified embodiment of the platform-side weight
7 is a modified embodiment of the platform

1 and 2, the ground facility seismic device according to the present invention is composed of the dock 10 and the platform 20, the anchor 30, the buffer pad 40 and the water 50.

Dock 10 is installed on the ground is a structure constructed to trap a large amount of water (50) made of concrete or equivalent material to withstand a strong earthquake of magnitude 6.5 or more.

The inlet 11 of the dock 10 is provided with a water supply tank 12. The water supply tank 12 supplies water 50 so that the dock 10 is maintained above the purified water, which includes a variant 14 which opens and closes the water supply tube 13, and an upper portion of the stem 15 of the variant 14. A water level maintenance type water supply device combined with an attached water level limiting float 16 is provided so that the water level in the dock 10 is kept constant at all times.

The platform 20 is a large buoyant body that supports the facilities mounted thereon so that it does not sink in the water. For example, a high-performance buoyant body connected to a plurality of air pipes 23 through which an exposed buoyancy tank 21 and a submersible buoyant tank 22 submerged in water, which expose part or all of the shape above the water surface, communicate with each other. to be.

A weight 24 is attached to the bottom of the submersible buoy 22 to promote stability of the attitude of the submersible buoy 22 in the water so that the entire platform 20 is stabilized.

The platform 20 floated in water may be pushed away by the strong wind. In view of this, it is necessary to allow the platform 20 to stay in the middle of the dock 10. The anchor 30 and anchor string 32 meet this need. The anchor 30 prevents damage or breakage due to a collision with the inner circumferential surface of the dock 10 even if the platform 20 is inclined to either side of the dock 10 due to a strong wind or earthquake.

Specifically, the anchor 30 equally divides the inner end of the elastic column 31 and the circumference of the platform 20 installed around the upper end of the dock 10 with the circumferential pitch at the same angle as the circumferential pitch of the elastic column 31. The upper end is loosely sewn to the anchor wire 32 connecting the point, which is to stabilize the posture of the platform 20 while moving up and down according to the water level change of the water 50 and the position change of the platform 20.

In addition, the anchor 30 should be heavy enough to sag moderately while maintaining the tension of the anchor string 32 even when the platform 20 is left by a shock wave of a strong wind or an earthquake. The size of the anchor 30 is determined according to the volume of the platform 20.

Since the platform 20 supported on all sides by the tension line 32 is tense to one side by a strong wind or seismic shock wave, the perception is severely shaken due to the shock generated when the anchor line on the opposite side is tensioned and generated. The impact transmitted through the anchor wire installed in the direction will impact the facility 60 such as the nuclear generator mounted on the platform 20.

Anchor strings 32 are loosely hypothesized with the intention of drastically reducing the impact of strong wind or seismic shock waves on platform 20 and platform 20 is the safest position within dock 10 when strong winds arrive or when an earthquake occurs. The anchor 30 needs to be positioned in the middle of the anchor string 32 so that it can be pulled in a balanced manner so that it stays in the middle of the middle, and also shakes at a short distance of less than 2m from side to side or back and forth like a reciprocating crust even when a large earthquake occurs. Since it is a long distance, it is possible to set aside more than 3m to avoid fear of breaking.

The elastic column 31 is installed on the dock 10 to support the outer end of the anchor string 32 interposed between the platform 20 and the anchor according to the position of the platform 20 that varies due to external factors. An elastic body that absorbs the shock and moves it quietly when the 30 moves rapidly, and can secure maximum safety of the anchor wire 32 even in the case of super strong earthquake.

The shape of the elastic column 31 is an inverted oil (U) -shaped spring rod that allows the outer end of the anchor line 32 to be caught by the inner end that is bent toward the platform 20 at the upper end of the fixed part on the dock 10 side. Or leaf spring.

When the dock 10 is severely shaken due to an earthquake, the elastic column 31 exerts elasticity and conforms to the anchor string 32 according to the force of the anchor string 32 pulled by the anchor 30 moving corresponding to the shaking. It will lessen the impact.

The shock absorbing pad 40 is damaged due to strong winds or seismic waves, the platform 20 approaches the dock 10 and collides with its inner circumferential surface, thereby damaging both components and adversely affecting the facilities mounted on the platform 20. In order to prevent that is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the dock 10 without gap. The shock absorbing pad 40 includes a conventional air bag, a fender attached to the ship's eyepiece surface, and the like.

On the inner circumferential surface of the dock 10, a high-strength synthetic fiber storage container for accommodating a single shock absorbing pad 40 is attached to the dock 10, and the shock absorbing pad 40 is held therein so as not to deviate so that the water is rippled by seismic shock waves. You can also find ways to keep things in place without moving.

Water (50) contained in the dock (10), such as seawater, river water, and fresh water of a lake, is also a fluid liquid, which absorbs most of the shock waves caused by the earthquake, thereby minimizing adverse effects on the platform 20. The shock wave of the earthquake is greatly reduced.

Sand layer 70 is formed on the bottom of the dock 10 so that when the earthquake occurs at a low water level, the platform 20, which is shaken up and down severely by the impact wave, strikes the bottom 10 of the dock 10. It is used to prepare for damage or breakage of the platform 20.

3 illustrates the anchor 30. The top of the anchor 30 is attached to the rope 33 through which the anchor string 32 loosely penetrates. The rope 33 can be replaced with anchor wire holes. And the upper part of the anchor 30 becomes the float 34. When the platform is pulled to one side due to strong winds or seismic shock waves, the anchors on the opposite side pull the platform and the crowd goes. Aware of this, the float 34 offsets most of its weight when the anchor 30 sags below the surface of the water so that the anchor line does not pull the platform.

Next, the operation of the seismic device will be described.

The platform 20 with the facility 60 mounted on the filled water 50 floats in the middle of the dock 10, and all the anchors 30 are scattered around the platform 20 to maintain a constant distance. When the earth's crust is pushed from the A side to the B side of the earthquake by the shock wave in FIG. 4, the speed of the earth's crust is very high, such as microwave, so that the platform 20 floated on the water 50 is almost never pushed. Accordingly, the platform 20 and the facilities 60 mounted thereon stay in a state in which the platform 20 is only slightly moved in the reverse direction of the seismic wave (solid line display).

At this time, the anchor (30a) adjacent to the A side is submerged below the water surface and the anchor (30b) adjacent to the B side is raised above the water surface, the shock wave of the earthquake is transmitted to the platform 20 through the anchor line (32b) of the anchor (30b) Attempts to pull to the B side, with the strength reduced significantly.

At the same time, the water 50a of the A side dock portion springs up on the second water surface due to the impact of the inner wall of the A side dock portion, and the effect of the seismic shock wave is greatly reduced. As the seismic shock wave is reduced again while hitting the platform 20, only a slight impact is transmitted to the platform 20.

At this time, the surface of the B side of the platform 20 is in a lowered state, so that the platform 20 begins to push toward it, so that the strength of the A side water hitting the platform 20 becomes weaker.

In this state, when the crust returns from the B side to the A side, the speed of the crust is as high as microwave, so that the platform 20 is not affected by the shock transmitted through the water 50 and once as staying there. Will only move.

In contrast to the above, the B side anchor 30b descends below the water surface and the A side anchor 30a rises above the water surface, and the strength of the seismic shock wave transmitted to the platform 20 through each anchor line 32a is greatly reduced. Try to pull the platform 20 toward A.

At this time, the water existing on the B side based on the platform 20 springs up as if the inner wall of the B side dock portion is pushed up as if it bounces over the second water surface, greatly attenuating the seismic shock wave, and the wave is applied to the platform 20. After being reflected and broken, the shock wave of the earthquake is attenuated repeatedly, and only a slight shock is transmitted to the platform 20.

As the anchors 30a and 30b alternately rise and fall as the water 50 oscillates, the earthquake shock wave gradually decreases, and the earthquake rapidly shakes the earth's crust so that the platform 20 always has no time to move. Stay on.

When the earthquake is shaken by the reciprocating motion of the earthquake shock wave, and the earthquake stops and the water 50 calms down, the anchors 30a and 30b trying to balance the platform 20 from all sides are calmed to hold the anchor wires 32a and 32b. As the pulling force is equalized, the platform 20 returns to the middle of the dock 10, which is a state before the earthquake occurs, to be in place.

As such, when the earthquake occurs and the crust is severely shaken, the anchor string 32 is loosened or tense to the elastic column 31 of the dock 10, and the anchor 30 is lowered or raised before the platform 20 repeatedly. The impact of the seismic shock wave transmitted to the platform 20 is significantly reduced

In order to increase the safety of the platform 20 by the anchor 30 installed in each stage of the elastic column 31 as shown in Figure 5 anchor (30,30-1) and the anchor line (between the platform 20 and each elastic column 31) 32, 32-1) are installed side by side in plurality. In this case, anchors and anchor lines need to be installed at a safe distance from each other.

And the extension of the anchor line (32-1) is slightly longer than the existing anchor line (32), when an earthquake occurs, the tension is first pulled from the anchor line (32) to pull up the anchor 30, and then the extended anchor line (32-1) is pulled By raising the anchor 30-1, the burden of the anchor string 32 is shared, so that the seismic shock wave transmitted to the platform 20 is much more effectively reduced, and the anchor string 32 is also safe.

There is a possibility that the platform 20 may not be balanced until after the facility is completed on the upper surface of the platform 20 and after completion. In consideration of this point, as shown in FIG. 6, the filling hole 25 is radially formed in the weight 24 of the platform 20, and the weight corresponding to the lifting hole 25 of the filling hole 25 is lifted by the platform 20. Fill the sand or gravel 26 to increase the weight of the platform 20 is adjusted to be balanced in all directions. The filling hole 25 is a kind of weight adjustment hole for correcting the center of gravity of the platform 20, the reference numeral 27 is a membrane that prevents the sand or gravel 26 put into the filling hole 25 to escape To illustrate.

7 is a modified embodiment of the platform 20 for changing the main surface of the submersible buoy 22 in the shape of abacus ball to increase the stability by reducing the resistance when the water rumbles. Reference numeral 28 denotes an anchor column supporting elastic column added to the upper edge of the submersible buoy 22.

10: dock
12: water tank
20: platform
21: buoyancy buoy
22: diving buoy
23: air tube
25: Filling Ball
26: sand or gravel
30,30a, 30b, 30-1: anchor
31: elastic column
32,32a, 32b, 32-1: anchor wire
40: buffer pad
50: water
70: sand layer

Claims (3)

A dock 10 having a water supply tank 12 provided with an automatic water level control function at the inlet 11 and having a platform buffer sand layer 60 formed thereon;
A buoyant platform for installing the facility to be floating in the middle of the dock 10;
An anchor line 32 installed between the circumferentially divided portion of the platform 20 and the elastic column 31 installed at each circumferentially divided portion around the top of the dock 10;
Anchors 30 suspended in each anchor string 32; And
Earthquake-resistant facility, characterized in that consisting of; water (50) filled to maintain a constant water level in the dock (10).
According to claim 1, The platform 20 is exposed to the diving tank 21 and the submerged buoyancy tank 22 is connected to the air pipe 23, the submerged buoyancy ground 22 seismic facilities of the ground facility in the shape of abacus eggs .
The ground facility seismic device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of anchor strings (32,32-1) and anchors (30,30-1) are installed between all the elastic columns (31) and the platform (20).

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