JP2014037781A - Wave power generation system and construction method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oscillating water column type wave power generation system which has a simple structure adaptable to geography and environment of many coast areas and can reduce cost of material or materials and construction cost, etc.SOLUTION: An oscillating water column type wave power generation system includes a wave energy absorption device (10) comprising a tubular hollow structural body (11) and an air feed pipe (40) connected to a base edge part (16) of the hollow structural body. The absorption device (10) has an opening (13) which is opened toward an ocean under sea level on the top end part (19), and a center axial line (X) of the hollow structural body is inclined such that the top end part is located on the lower side than the base edge part. On an inner hollow region of the hollow structural body, a water column (14) oscillating in the vertical direction in accordance with an energy of wave coming-in of ocean wave and an air chamber (15) demarcated above the water level of the water column are formed. The absorption device (10) is arranged in a wave dissipating block group which constitutes a wave dissipating work (R) of a coast area, is engaged or comes into contact with a surrounding wave dissipating block (T) and is retained within the wave dissipating work.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wave power generation system and a construction method thereof, and more specifically, a vibration water column type wave power generation system that operates a power generation device by an air vibration flow generated in an air chamber by vibration of a vibration water column and the same It relates to the construction method.

  There is known a wave power generation system that generates power using ocean wave energy. When the wave power generation system is classified according to its energy conversion method, it is mainly classified into an oscillating water column type, a movable object type, and an overtopping type. An oscillating water column type wave power generation system is a power generation system that generates electricity by rotating an air turbine by an air vibration flow generated by vertical movement of the sea surface by communicating an air chamber disposed in the apparatus to the ocean below the sea surface. is there. The movable object-type wave power generation system is a power generation system that uses a movable object that moves by wave energy and generates electric power by converting wave energy into mechanical kinetic energy via the movable object. In addition, the overtopping-type wave power generation system causes waves to be transiently stored in a reservoir or the like, and the water turbine in the reservoir is rotated when the seawater in the reservoir is drained into the ocean under gravity by the conduit. This is a power generation system that generates electricity.

  On the other hand, when the wave power generation system is classified according to its installation method, it is roughly classified into a floating type that floats the device on the sea surface or in the sea and a fixed type that fixes the device offshore or on the coast. The configuration of a fixed oscillating water column type wave power generation system is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-246171 (Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a fixed oscillating water column type wave power generation system. Generally, the structure of the fixed oscillating water column type wave power generation system S is composed of a mound M of a wide area constructed on the seabed B such as a harbor, a breakwater N and a caisson C of a reinforced concrete structure constructed on the mound M. Is done. The caisson C forms an air chamber A that opens below the sea surface of the seawater W, a power generation chamber D that houses the power generation device G, and a control room E that houses various instruments. The breakwater N and the caisson C constitute a primary conversion device that converts water surface wave energy into fluid energy (pneumatic pressure), and the air chamber A constitutes a wave energy absorption device that absorbs wave energy.

  The water column in the air chamber A vibrates in the vertical direction by the incoming energy of the ocean wave indicated by the arrow α. Since the water surface in the air chamber A moves up and down in the direction of arrow β, the air pressure in the upper space (air column) of the air chamber A varies, and the reciprocating airflow indicated by the arrow γ flows through the vent hole I. The power generator G is connected to the vent hole I. The power generator G is operated by a reciprocating airflow γ. The power generator G constitutes a secondary converter that converts fluid energy (air pressure) obtained by the primary converter (breakwater N and caisson C) into electrical energy. As the power generation device G, a power generation device including a Wells turbine or an impulse type turbine that always rotates in a constant direction by the action of a reciprocating airflow is generally used. The electric power generated by the generator of the power generation apparatus G is transmitted outside the system through a transmission line or the like (not shown). The power generation chamber D includes an intake / exhaust vent O that allows the space in the power generation chamber D to communicate with the outside air, and an intake flow or waste air flow corresponding to the reciprocating air flow γ is indicated by an arrow η. Circulate.

  On the other hand, in a fixed oscillating water column type wave power generation system, a configuration including a vertical cylindrical body having a concrete structure that also functions as a wave-dissipating block is described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-201014 (Patent Document 2). . The vertical cylinder has a cylindrical inner space having a vertical center axis, and is installed vertically on a coastal quay or the like. A wave introduction hole is formed in the lower end portion of the vertical cylindrical body to communicate the columnar inner space with the ocean. A generator equipped with a Wells turbine is disposed on the top of the vertical cylinder. The lower part of the vertical cylinder is arranged so as to be immersed in the sea. Seawater in the internal space that continues to the ocean through the wave introduction hole moves the water surface up and down according to the wave oscillation, so the waste airflow that is released to the atmosphere through the Wells turbine and the internal space through the Wells turbine An inflowing intake flow alternately occurs. The wells turbine is rotated by the intake air flow and the waste air flow, and the generator connected to the wells turbine generates electric power.

JP-A-10-246171 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-201014

  However, in the conventional fixed oscillating water column wave power generation system as shown in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to increase the weight of the structure (breakwater and caisson) in order to ensure stability against wave power. Therefore, the material cost or the material cost of the structure is increased, and the construction cost of the structure tends to increase because it is necessary to construct such a structure offshore or in the sea in or on the coast. There is.

  On the other hand, when a stationary vibration water column type wave power generation system is constructed using a self-supporting vertical cylinder described in Patent Document 2, a cylinder manufactured in advance is installed in a coastal area or the like to some extent. May reduce construction costs. However, the self-supporting vertical cylindrical body that also serves as a wave-dissipating block requires an excessive weight in order to fix the position of the vertical cylindrical body against an external force such as wave energy and hold the posture. For this reason, since the material cost or the material cost of the structure increases, the construction cost tends to increase as in the wave power generation system shown in FIG.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its purpose is to have a simple structure that can be adapted to the topography and environment of many coastal areas, An object of the present invention is to provide an oscillating water column type wave power generation system capable of reducing construction costs and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an oscillating water column type wave power generation system in which a power generation device is operated by an oscillating flow of air generated by vertical movement of a sea surface.
A wave energy absorbing device comprising a cylindrical hollow structure, and an air pipe connected to the base end of the hollow structure,
The absorption device includes an opening that is open below the sea surface toward the ocean at the distal end, and the central axis of the hollow structure is inclined so that the distal end is located below the base end, In the hollow interior of the hollow structure, there are formed a water column that vibrates in the vertical direction according to the incoming energy of ocean waves, and an air chamber defined above the water surface of the water column,
The air supply pipe is in fluid communication with the air chamber so as to supply a reciprocating airflow generated in accordance with the air pressure fluctuation of the air chamber to the power generation device,
The absorbing device is arranged in a group of wave-dissipating blocks constituting a wave-dissipating work in a coastal area, and is engaged in or contacting the wave-dissipating block and restrained in the wave-dissipating work. A type wave power generation system is provided.

  According to the power generation system configured as described above, the water column in the hollow structure vibrates due to the input of wave energy, and the water surface in the hollow structure moves up and down, so that the air pressure of the air chamber in the hollow structure varies. The air in the air chamber is sent to the air pipe as a reciprocating air flow. The airflow in the air pipe is supplied to the power generation device as a reciprocating airflow, or is adjusted or converted into an airflow in a certain direction and then supplied to the power generation device, and the power generation device generates power. According to the wave power generation system having such a configuration, the hollow structure constituting the wave energy absorbing device may be disposed in the coastal wave-dissipating work, so that it can be easily used in many coastal areas having the wave-dissipating work. A wave energy absorber can be installed. Further, according to the above configuration of the present invention, since a relatively large artificial structure such as a breakwater and a caisson is not required as in the conventional apparatus, the material cost or material cost for constructing the structure is greatly increased. Can be reduced. In addition, according to the present invention, since it is not necessary to construct an artificial structure offshore or in the sea in or on the coast, the construction cost and construction work of the structure can be greatly reduced or simplified.

  Furthermore, according to the power generation system having the above-described configuration, the hollow structure constituting the wave energy absorbing device is arranged in the wave-dissipating block group constituting the coastal wave-dissipating work. Each wave-dissipating block of the wave-dissipating work has a property of maintaining its position by its own weight and the binding force or holding force of the surrounding wave-dissipating blocks. Similar to the wave-dissipating block, the hollow structure body maintains its position by its own weight and the restraining force or holding force of the surrounding wave-dissipating blocks. Note that “inside the block group” does not mean that it is completely hidden in the block group, but is suddenly mixed into the block group as a component of the wave-dissipating work that forms part of the block group. Or, it means an assimilated state, and does not completely exclude that the absorption device includes a portion partially protruding outward from the block group.

  Preferably, the hollow structure includes a plurality of protrusions or protrusions extending outward from the outer surface of the hollow structure so as to engage or contact the wave-dissipating block, and is not anchored to the seabed or the submarine structure. It is restrained in the wave-dissipating work only by engagement or contact with the wave-dissipating block. More preferably, a support base arranged adjacent to the tip of the hollow structure is further provided. The support base is constructed on the seabed or an underwater structure and has a form that expands toward the ocean side in a plan view. The support base prevents the hollow structure from being displaced toward the ocean side.

  In general, in wave-dissipating works, each wave-dissipating block is moved or displaced slightly due to the effects of waves, tsunamis, seismic force, tide level changes, deterioration factors, etc. Although the position tends to move or displace slightly overall, the hollow structure that is constrained within the wave-dissipating work only by engagement or contact with the wave-dissipating block is a submarine, submarine structure (submarine mound). Etc.), it is not fixed or moored to a breakwater or the like, but is merely held in the wave breaker by engaging or contacting the wave breaker block. Therefore, since the wave energy absorbing device moves or displaces together with the surrounding wave-dissipating block, an excessive internal stress due to the firm position constraint may occur on the hollow structure in the moving process or the displacement process. It can be avoided. The power generation system of the present invention that allows the movement or displacement of the hollow structure in this manner is not a fixed wave power generation system, but a floating wave power generation system, and is not a fixed wave power generation system. This is a fundamental power generation system.

  As another means, it is also possible to fix the position of the hollow structure by anchor means for mooring the hollow structure to the seabed or underwater structure. In this case, the hollow structure may be fixed to the seabed or the underwater structure or the like so as to allow a slight displacement or movement, or the hollow structure may be fixed to the seabed or the underwater structure so as not to allow any displacement or movement. It may be fixed firmly.

According to another aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing an oscillating water column wave power generation system in which a power generation device is operated by an air oscillating flow generated by vertical movement of a seawater surface.
Using a wave energy absorption device composed of a cylindrical hollow structure with an opening at the tip, and an air supply pipe connected to the base end of the hollow structure,
The hollow structure is disposed in a group of wave-dissipating blocks constituting a coastal wave-dissipating work, the hollow structure is oriented with the opening facing the ocean, and the distal end is more than the proximal end. The hollow structure is inclined so as to be located below, and the opening is opened to the ocean below the sea surface, whereby a water column that vibrates in the vertical direction according to the incoming energy of the ocean wave, and the water column Forming an air chamber defined above the water surface in the internal hollow region of the hollow structure;
A reciprocating airflow generated in accordance with the air pressure fluctuation of the air chamber is supplied to the power generation device by the air supply pipe, and the position and posture of the absorption device are adjusted at least partially using the binding force of the wave-dissipating block. Provided is a method for constructing a vibrating water column type wave power generation system, characterized in that it is constrained within the wave-dissipating work.

According to yet another aspect, the present invention relates to a power generation method using a vibrating water column type wave power generation system in which a power generation device is operated by an air vibration flow generated by vertical movement of a sea surface.
Using a wave energy absorption device composed of a cylindrical hollow structure with an opening at the tip, and an air supply pipe connected to the base end of the hollow structure,
The hollow structure is disposed in a group of wave-dissipating blocks constituting a coastal wave-dissipating work, the hollow structure is oriented with the opening facing the ocean, and the distal end is more than the proximal end. The hollow structure is inclined so as to be located below, and the opening is opened to the ocean below the sea surface, whereby a water column that vibrates in the vertical direction according to the incoming energy of the ocean wave, and the water column Forming an air chamber defined above the water surface in the internal hollow region of the hollow structure;
A reciprocating airflow generated in accordance with the air pressure fluctuation of the air chamber is supplied to the power generation device by the air supply pipe, and the position and posture of the absorption device are adjusted at least partially using the binding force of the wave-dissipating block. Maintained in the wave-dissipating construction
A power generation method is provided, wherein the power generation device is operated by an air vibration flow generated by vertical movement of the water surface.

  According to the present invention, an oscillating water column type wave power generation system having a simple structure that can be adapted to many coastal topography and environments and capable of reducing material costs, material costs, construction costs, etc. Can be provided.

  Further, according to the present invention, the wave energy absorbing device can be installed in an existing or newly constructed wave breaker, so that the landscape is not impaired and the hollow structure is used as a wave breaker block. Is also practically advantageous.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to standardize, standardize, or unitize system components such as a hollow structure, or to design a hollow structure or the like into a unit structure that can be manufactured at a factory. The system installation cost can be further reduced as a whole, and on-site construction can be simplified, material costs, material costs and construction costs can be reduced, and the process can be further shortened. It is advantageous.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an overall configuration of a vibrating water column type wave power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the vibrating water column type wave power generation system shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a state of the wave energy absorbing device arranged on the inclined surface. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the wave energy absorbing device. FIG. 5A is a diagram schematically showing air pressure fluctuations in the air chamber, and FIG. 5B is a diagram schematically showing air pressure fluctuations in the buffer tank. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a mode of water level change in the wave energy absorbing device. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the wave energy absorbing device, and shows a state in which the hollow structure is fixed to the seabed mound by anchor means. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a conventional fixed oscillating water column type wave power generation system.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of wave energy absorbers are connected in parallel to the buffer tank. The buffer tank collects the reciprocating airflows of the plurality of wave energy absorbing devices and supplies them to the power generation device in an integrated manner. According to such a configuration, since the reciprocating airflow generated in each wave energy absorbing device is simultaneously supplied to the buffer tank, the wave energy can be effectively absorbed.

  According to an embodiment of the present invention, the airflow converting means for adjusting or converting the reciprocating airflow into the airflow in a certain direction is provided in the buffer tank, or is interposed between the buffer tank and the power generation device, and is always constant. Directional airflow is supplied to the generator. As a power generation device that operates by a reciprocating airflow, one having a structure including a Wells turbine or an impulse turbine that always rotates in a fixed direction by the action of the reciprocating airflow is generally used. A power generation system including such an airflow conversion means In general, a general-purpose power generator equipped with a radial turbine, an axial turbine, or the like can be used.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 and 2 are a schematic side view and a schematic plan view showing an overall configuration of a vibrating water column type wave power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a breakwater J constructed in a undulating zone of seawater W as a terrain and environment generally observed in a coastal area or a coastal area. Breakwater J extends along the coastline. A rubble mound K is laid on the ocean side (water side) of the breakwater J. The rubble mound K has an inclined surface Q that is inclined downward toward the ocean side. On the rubble mound K, a wave-dissipating work R for reducing the energy of the wave that strikes is disposed. The wave breaker R is formed by a group of concrete wave breaker blocks T.

  An oscillating water column type wave power generation system 1 (hereinafter referred to as “power generation system 1”) of the present embodiment is disposed on the ground surface or rock surface of the land L and the wave energy absorbing device 10 disposed on the inclined surface Q. The buffer tank 20 and the power generation chamber 30, and the air pipe 40 connecting the wave energy absorbing device 10 and the buffer tank 20 are configured. Preferably, the power generation system 1 further includes a power storage device 60 that stores electricity generated by the power generation device 31 in the power generation chamber 30. The power storage device 60 is connected to the power generation device 31 via the feeder line 35 and also connected to the power transmission line 61 for transmitting power outside the system.

  The wave energy absorbing device 10 (hereinafter referred to as “absorbing device 10”) is composed of a hollow structure 11 made of reinforced concrete, which is entirely formed into a hollow cylindrical body, and is concentric with the central axis XX of the hollow structure 11. A cylindrical hollow region 12, an opening 13 that opens the hollow region 12 toward the ocean, and a plurality of protrusions 18 that protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the hollow structure 11. The central axis XX of the hollow structure 11 is inclined according to the gradient of the inclined surface Q, and is inclined at an angle θ (FIG. 4) with respect to the horizontal plane.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a state of the absorption device 10 arranged on the inclined surface Q, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the absorption device 10. In FIG. 3, the wave-dissipating block T is not shown, and in FIG. 4, the wave-dissipating block T is indicated by a broken line.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the protrusion 18 is a frustoconical reinforced concrete member integrally extending radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the hollow structure 11, and engages with the surrounding wave-dissipating block T. (Or locking) and engaging (or locking) or grounding a rubble group (or a covering stone or the like (not shown) on the rubble mound K) constituting the rubble mound K. The hollow structure 11 is buried in the wave-dissipating work R and is assimilated to the wave-dissipating work R, and its own weight, the self-weight and the mutual restraining force of the surrounding wave-dissipating block T, and the rubble mound K The initial posture and position are maintained by the support force (load support force, friction holding force, engagement holding force, etc.). However, the hollow structure 11 is not fixed or moored to the rubble mound K, the breakwater J, the seabed B, or the like. 1 and 4, the lower protrusion 18 is conceptually illustrated as if it extends into the rubble mound K, but the lower protrusion 18 is illustrated in FIG. 3. In addition, the tip portion thereof touches the rubble mound K or engages with the unevenness of the rubble mound K, or only touches, engages or locks with a covering stone or the like (not shown) on the rubble mound K. .

  The opening 13 is formed in the front end surface 19 in a form in which an inclined cylindrical hollow body is cut by a vertical surface. A support base 50 having a reinforced concrete structure extends from the lower end of the front end surface 19 along the inclined surface Q to the ocean side. The support base 50 expands from the front end surface 19 in a fan shape in plan view, and forms an inclined surface 51 having an inclination angle smaller than the inclination angle of the inclined surface Q. The upper end portion 52 of the support base 50 abuts on the lower end portion of the distal end surface 19 and functions as a fulcrum for supporting a part of its own weight of the hollow structure 11, and functions to maintain the posture and position of the hollow structure 11. To do. The hollow structure 11 tends to move or displace to the ocean side due to the inclination of the inclined surface Q. Such movement or displacement of the hollow structure 11 is caused by the engagement of the protrusion 18 with respect to the wave-dissipating block T or the rubble mound K. It is possible to reliably prevent the contact and grounding and the support by the support base 50.

  The hollow structure 11 is disposed such that the water surface WL of the seawater W is located above the opening 13 and below the base end portion 16. A water column 14 is formed in the lower part of the hollow region 12, and an air chamber 15 is formed in the upper part of the hollow region 12. Seawater W flows into the hollow region 12 through the opening 13, and the water column 14 vibrates in the vertical direction by the incoming energy of the ocean wave indicated by the arrow α. Since the water surface of the water column 14 moves up and down in the direction of arrow β, the air pressure of the air column in the air chamber 15 varies. The base end portion 16 is totally closed, and a supply / discharge port 16a is formed at the center.

  The area of the support base 50 has a relatively shallow water depth compared with other parts, and the support base 50 is expanded in a fan shape in plan view toward the ocean. The wave height of the wave that converges toward 13 and enters the opening 13 increases. As a result, the vertical amplitude of the water column 14 increases, and the air pressure of the air column in the air chamber 15 fluctuates relatively large (thus, the energy absorption amount of the absorption device 10 increases).

  Each wave-dissipating block T constituting the wave-dissipating work R basically maintains its initial position by its own weight and mutual engagement or mutual contact with the surrounding wave-dissipating block T. Each wave-dissipating block T moves or displaces slightly due to the effects of waves, tsunamis, seismic forces, tide level changes, deterioration factors, etc., and the entire group of wave-dissipating blocks T moves slightly as a whole. Or tend to displace. Since the hollow structure 11 buried in the wave breaker R is not fixed or moored to the rubble mound K, the breakwater J, the seabed B, or the like, it moves or displaces together with the surrounding wave breaker block T and is solid. Excessive internal stress caused by the positional restraint does not act on the hollow structure 11 in the movement process or the displacement process.

  In consideration of such movement or displacement of the hollow structure 11, the air supply pipe 40 made of a deformable flexible pipe is connected to the supply / discharge port 16 a of the hollow structure 11 via a joint 41 made of a flexible joint. The movement or displacement of the hollow structure 11 is absorbed by the deformation of the air supply pipe 40 and the joint 41.

  The air pipe 40 extends over the top of the breakwater J to the land side, and is connected to the buffer tank 20 on the land L. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of absorbers 10 are arranged in parallel in the wave absorber R, and each air supply pipe 40 connected to each absorber 10 is connected to a buffer tank 20 via a joint 21 made of a flexible joint. Connected to. The buffer tank 20 is made of a metal tube or a reinforced concrete tube having a circular cross section with both ends closed. The reciprocating airflow γ of each air supply pipe 40 is supplied to the buffer tank 20 in accordance with the air pressure fluctuation of the air chamber 15. The buffer tank 20 functions as pressure buffering means that stabilizes the rotational motion of the power generation device 31 by relieving minute pressure changes or irregular pressure fluctuations of air flowing in or out through each air pipe 40. . The buffer tank 20 also functions as power generation device protection means for preventing seawater in the absorption device 10 from reaching the power generation device 31 due to an increase in wave height during abnormal waves. Preferably, the buffer tank 20 includes a drainage facility or drainage means such as a drain outlet, a drainage groove, and a drain pipe for draining seawater that has entered the buffer tank 20.

  The power generation chamber 30 is composed of a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure shelter 34 constructed on the ground surface or the rock surface of the land L adjacent to the buffer tank 20. An air turbine type power generation device 31 is disposed in the power generation chamber 30. An air intake / exhaust port 36 that allows the indoor space of the power generation chamber 30 to communicate with the outside air is provided. The air supply / exhaust port 32 of the power generation device 31 is connected to the air supply / exhaust port 22 of the buffer tank 20 via the air transfer duct 33, and the reciprocating airflow λ of the air transfer duct 33 acts on the power generation device 31. The power generation device 31 includes a Wells turbine or an impulse turbine that always rotates in a certain direction by the action of the reciprocating airflow λ. The turbine portion of the power generation device 31 is rotationally driven by the reciprocating airflow λ, and the power generator 31 Will generate electricity. The electricity generated by the power generation device 31 is stored in the power storage device 60 and is appropriately transmitted outside the system via the power transmission line 61. An intake air flow or a waste air flow corresponding to the reciprocating air flow λ flows through the suction / waste port 36 of the power generation chamber 30 as indicated by an arrow η.

  FIG. 5A is a diagram showing fluctuations in air pressure in the air chamber 15, and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing fluctuations in air pressure in the buffer tank 20.

  FIG. 5A schematically shows the state of air pressure fluctuation generated in the air chamber 15. Although the air pressure in the air chamber 15 fluctuates in response to the vertical movement of the seawater surface, an irregular pressure change accompanied by minute pressure fluctuations occurs in the air chamber 15. FIG. 5B schematically shows the state of air pressure fluctuation that occurs in the buffer tank 20. As shown in FIG. 5B, the minute pressure change observed in the air chamber 15 does not occur in the buffer tank 20. Therefore, by interposing the buffer tank 20 between the air chamber 15 and the power generator 31, minute pressure fluctuations in which the air pressure changes little by little are leveled, and the air flow supplied to the power generator 31 is reduced. Since it is stabilized, the rotational motion of the power generator 31 is stabilized.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing changes in the water level of the water surface in the absorber 10.

  The water column 14 in the absorber 10 vibrates in the vertical direction by the action of the ocean wave incident energy α, and moves up and down in the direction of the arrow β as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C. As a result, The air pressure in the air chamber 15 varies. A reciprocating airflow is supplied to the buffer tank 20 (FIGS. 1 and 2) via each air supply pipe 40 as indicated by an arrow γ in accordance with the air pressure fluctuation in the air chamber 15. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the buffer tank 20 supplies the reciprocating airflow λ after the pressure buffering to the power generation device 31 through the air transfer duct 33.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the hollow structure 11 is entirely inclined so that the distal end surface 19 is located below the proximal end portion 16, so that the water surface 14 a of the water column 14 is elliptical or oval. Therefore, the area of the water surface 14a is considerably increased as compared with the state in which the central axis XX of the hollow structure 11 is oriented in the vertical direction. Moreover, the inclined cylindrical hollow structure 11 with the opening 13 of the tip surface 19 opened toward the ocean efficiently converts the incoming energy α of ocean waves into vertical vibrations of the water column 14. That is, since the hollow structure 11 effectively converts the ocean wave motion into the air pressure of the air chamber 15, the wave energy absorption capability of the absorber 10 is improved. The superiority of such an inclined cylindrical body is shown as experimental conditions and experimental results in FIGS. 12 to 14 of Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-172439 related to the applicant's application, and the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-172439, Since it is described as an experimental result in paragraphs [0046] to [0048], further detailed explanation is omitted.

  Thus, according to the power generation system 1 configured as described above, when the water column 14 in the absorption device 10 vibrates in the vertical direction due to the incoming energy α of ocean waves, the water surface of the water column 14 moves up and down in the direction of arrow β. The air pressure 15 fluctuates, and the reciprocating airflow γ flows into or out of the buffer tank 20. In response to the air pressure fluctuation in the buffer tank 20, the reciprocating airflow λ acts on the turbine portion of the power generation device 31 to rotationally drive the turbine portion, the generator of the power generation device 31 generates power, and the power generation device 31 generates power. Electricity is stored in the power storage device 60 and appropriately transmitted outside the system.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the absorber 10.

  In the above-described embodiment, the hollow structure 11 is clearly arranged in the wave-dissipating work R, and the weight of the hollow structure 11 itself and the binding force or holding force of the surrounding wave-dissipating block T are used. Although the position is maintained, as shown in FIG. 7, the hollow structure 11 may be fixed to the mound K or the seabed B by the anchor means 70. The anchor means 70 shown in FIG. 7 inserts a linear PC steel material 72 such as a PC steel strand (twisted wire), a PC steel wire, a PC steel bar or the like into the hole 71 of the mound K and the seabed B, and grout material (cement milk). Etc.) is formed by ground anchor work or earth anchor work in which the hole 71 is injected and filled. The anchor means 70 is disposed in the lower part of the peripheral wall of the hollow structure 11 with an interval in the direction of the axis XX, and the top of the PC steel material 72 is connected to the hollow structure 11 via the stiffener 73 and the stiffener 74. Are integrally connected to the lower part of the peripheral wall. The stiffening material 73 is made of a metal member that can transmit the tension of the PC steel material 72 to the hollow structure 11, and the stiffening portion 74 is made of a concrete member integrated with the PC steel material 72 and the hollow structure 11. In addition, the stiffening part 74 is designed by a member configured to be crushed, crushed or deformed with a predetermined load to prevent the hollow structure 11 from being overloaded when the hollow structure 11 is displaced or behaves. The absorber 10 may be configured as described above, or the stiffener 73 or the stiffening portion 74 may be designed so as to be able to deform following the displacement or behavior of the hollow structure 11. Further, as a modification, the hollow structure 11 can be firmly fixed to the mound K or the seabed B by a steel pile, a steel pipe pile, a ready-made concrete pile, or the like.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made within the scope of the present invention described in the claims. Is possible.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the wave energy absorbing device is formed by a hollow structure of a reinforced concrete structure having a circular cross section, but the wave energy absorbing device is formed by a hollow structure having a square, rectangular cross section, polygonal cross section, or the like. Alternatively, the wave energy absorbing device can be formed by a hollow structure made of steel or metal.

  In the above embodiment, the wave energy absorbing device is formed by a hollow structure having an internal hollow area with an equal cross section. However, a hollow body having an internal hollow area in which the cross-sectional dimension changes gradually or stepwise. A wave energy absorbing device may be formed by the structure.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the power generation device is provided with a Wells turbine or an impulse turbine that always rotates in a certain direction by the action of the reciprocating airflow. A power generator having a configuration including a general-purpose radial turbine, an axial-flow turbine, or the like may be employed as a conversion means interposed between the buffer tank and the power generator. Note that such airflow conversion means is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-172439 related to the application of the present applicant.

  In addition, the configuration of the buffer tank, the power generation device, and the like, and the support structure of the buffer tank, the power generation device, etc. can be appropriately changed according to the topography, ground conditions, and the like.

  The power generation system of the present invention operates a power generation device by an air vibration flow generated in an air chamber by vibration of a vibration water column, and is not fixed to the seabed or the like, and is a semi-fixed vibration water column that does not float on the sea surface or the sea. It can be preferably used as a type wave power generation system. According to the present invention, it has a structure that can be applied to many coastal areas having wave-dissipating works, and further, material costs, material costs, construction costs, etc. are reduced by standardization, standardization, or unitization. Its practical value is remarkable.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Oscillating water column type wave power generation system 10 Wave energy absorption device 11 Hollow structure 12 Cylindrical hollow region 13 Opening 14 Water column 15 Air chamber 16 Base end portion 18 Protrusion 19 Tip surface 20 Buffer tank 30 Power generation chamber 31 Air turbine type power generation device 40 Air pipe 50 Support stand 60 Power storage device 70 Anchor means J Breakwater L Land Q Inclined surface W Seawater K Rubble mound B Seabed R Wavebreaking T Wavebreaking block α Incoming energy γ, λ Reciprocating airflow

Claims (12)

In the oscillating water column type wave power generation system that operates the power generation device by the vibration flow of the air generated by the vertical movement of the seawater surface,
A wave energy absorbing device comprising a cylindrical hollow structure, and an air pipe connected to the base end of the hollow structure,
The absorption device includes an opening that is open below the sea surface toward the ocean at the distal end, and the central axis of the hollow structure is inclined so that the distal end is located below the base end, In the hollow interior of the hollow structure, there are formed a water column that vibrates in the vertical direction according to the incoming energy of ocean waves, and an air chamber defined above the water surface of the water column,
The air supply pipe is in fluid communication with the air chamber so as to supply a reciprocating airflow generated in accordance with the air pressure fluctuation of the air chamber to the power generation device,
The absorbing device is arranged in a group of wave-dissipating blocks constituting a wave-dissipating work in a coastal area, and is engaged in or contacting the wave-dissipating block and restrained in the wave-dissipating work. Type wave power generation system.   The hollow structure includes a plurality of protrusions or protrusions extending outward from the outer surface of the hollow structure so as to engage with or contact the wave-dissipating block, and is not anchored to the seabed or an underwater structure; 2. The vibrating water column type wave power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the vibration water column type wave power generation system is constrained within the wave-dissipating work only by engagement or contact with the wave-dissipating block.   2. The oscillating water column type wave power generation according to claim 1, wherein the wave energy absorbing device includes anchor means for anchoring the hollow structure to a seabed or an underwater structure and fixing the position of the hollow structure. system.   In order to prevent the hollow structure from being displaced to the ocean side, the structure further includes a support base disposed adjacent to the tip of the hollow structure, and the support base is disposed on the seabed or an underwater structure. The oscillating water column type wave power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vibration water column type wave power generation system is constructed and has a form expanding toward the ocean side in a plan view.   A plurality of the absorption devices are provided in parallel, and the air supply pipe connected to each absorption device is connected to a buffer tank that relieves minute pressure fluctuations of the reciprocating airflow, and the buffer tank passes through an air conveyance path. The vibration water column type wave power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vibration water column type wave power generation system is connected to the power generation device via a power source. In the construction method of the oscillating water column type wave power generation system in which the power generation device is operated by the air vibration flow generated by the vertical movement of the seawater surface,
Using a wave energy absorption device composed of a cylindrical hollow structure with an opening at the tip, and an air supply pipe connected to the base end of the hollow structure,
The hollow structure is disposed in a group of wave-dissipating blocks constituting a coastal wave-dissipating work, the hollow structure is oriented with the opening facing the ocean, and the distal end is more than the proximal end. The hollow structure is inclined so as to be located below, and the opening is opened to the ocean below the sea surface, whereby a water column that vibrates in the vertical direction according to the incoming energy of the ocean wave, and the water column Forming an air chamber defined above the water surface in the internal hollow region of the hollow structure;
A reciprocating airflow generated in accordance with the air pressure fluctuation of the air chamber is supplied to the power generation device by the air supply pipe, and the position and posture of the absorption device are adjusted at least partially using the binding force of the wave-dissipating block. A method for constructing an oscillating water column type wave power generation system, characterized by being constrained in the wave-dissipating work.   Further using a buffer tank that relieves minute pressure fluctuations in the reciprocating airflow generated by pressure fluctuations in the air chamber, and connecting the plurality of absorbers in parallel to the buffer tanks, and connecting the buffer tanks by an air conveyance path The construction method according to claim 6, wherein the construction method is connected to the power generation device.   The construction method according to claim 7, wherein the power generation device includes a Wells turbine or an impulse turbine that always rotates in a constant direction by the action of a reciprocating airflow.   An airflow converting means for adjusting or converting the reciprocating airflow into a constant direction airflow is provided in the buffer tank in order to supply a constant direction airflow to the power generation device, or is interposed between the buffer tank and the power generation device. The construction method according to claim 7, further comprising: In a power generation method using an oscillating water column type wave power generation system in which a power generation device is operated by an air vibration flow generated by vertical movement of a sea surface,
Using a wave energy absorption device composed of a cylindrical hollow structure with an opening at the tip, and an air supply pipe connected to the base end of the hollow structure,
The hollow structure is disposed in a group of wave-dissipating blocks constituting a coastal wave-dissipating work, the hollow structure is oriented with the opening facing the ocean, and the distal end is more than the proximal end. The hollow structure is inclined so as to be located below, and the opening is opened to the ocean below the sea surface, whereby a water column that vibrates in the vertical direction according to the incoming energy of the ocean wave, and the water column Forming an air chamber defined above the water surface in the internal hollow region of the hollow structure;
A reciprocating airflow generated in accordance with the air pressure fluctuation of the air chamber is supplied to the power generation device by the air supply pipe, and the position and posture of the absorption device are adjusted at least partially using the binding force of the wave-dissipating block. Maintained in the wave-dissipating construction,
A power generation method, wherein the power generation device is operated by an air vibration flow generated by vertical movement of the water surface.   The power generation method according to claim 10, wherein after the fine pressure fluctuation of the reciprocating airflow generated by the pressure fluctuation of the air chamber is relaxed by the buffer tank, the reciprocating airflow is supplied to the power generation device. The power generation method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the reciprocating airflow is adjusted or converted into a constant-direction airflow in order to supply a constant-direction airflow to the power generation device.

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