KR20120107749A - Method for preparing dimethyldichlorosilane and methyltrichlorosilane from an azeotropic mixture comprising trimethylchlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride - Google Patents
Method for preparing dimethyldichlorosilane and methyltrichlorosilane from an azeotropic mixture comprising trimethylchlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/12—Organo silicon halides
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/10—Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/08—Halides
- B01J27/10—Chlorides
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 트리메틸클로로실란과 실리콘테트라클로라이드를 포함하는 공비 혼합물로부터 디메틸디클로로실란 및 메틸트리클로로실란을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 직접합성법에 의한 메틸클로로실란(MCS) 생산공정에서 부산물로 발생하며 끓는점이 비슷하여 증류탑에서 분리되지 않는 트리메틸클로로실란과 실리콘테트라클로라이드를 포함하는 공비 혼합물로부터 높은 선택성으로 유용한 실리콘 모노머인 디메틸디클로로실란 및 메틸트리클로로실란을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a process for preparing dimethyldichlorosilane and methyltrichlorosilane from an azeotrope containing trimethylchlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride, and more particularly, by-products in the methylchlorosilane (MCS) production process by direct synthesis. The present invention relates to a method for preparing dimethyldichlorosilane and methyltrichlorosilane, which are useful in high selectivity, from azeotropic mixtures containing trimethylchlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride, which are not separated in a distillation column due to similar boiling points.
직접합성법에 의한 메틸클로로실란(MCS) 생산공정에서 발생하는 부산물 중 트리메틸클로로실란(끓는점: 56.9℃)과 실리콘테트라클로라이드(끓는점: 57.6℃)는 끓는점이 비슷하여 증류탑을 거치더라도 분리되지 않고 공비 혼합물로서 수득된다. 따라서, 이러한 공비 혼합물을 폐기하지 않고 그로부터 유용한 실리콘 모노머들을 얻어낼 필요가 있다.Trimethylchlorosilane (boiling point: 56.9 ° C) and silicon tetrachloride (boiling point: 57.6 ° C) of the by-products generated from the direct synthesis method of methylchlorosilane (MCS) production process have similar boiling points and are not separated through distillation tower. Obtained as Thus, there is a need to obtain useful silicone monomers therefrom without discarding these azeotropic mixtures.
알킬할로실란들간의 알킬기 및 할로겐 재분배 반응을 통해 특정 개수의 알킬기 및 할로겐을 갖는 실리콘 모노머를 선택적으로 제조하는 기술들은 알려져 있다. 예컨대, 미국특허 2647136호에는 트리메틸클로로실란(M3)과 메틸트리클로로실란(M1)을 250℃ 이상의 온도에서 반응시켜 디메틸디클로로실란(M2)을 제조하는 방법이 개시되어 있다. 그러나, 이러한 기존의 재분배 방법은 상업적 공정에 적용하기 어려운 고온/고압조건 하에서 반응을 수행하는 문제가 있고, 생성된 M2의 선택성 또한 낮다. 아울러, 반응물로서 안정한 실리콘테트라클로라이드(STC)가 사용되는 경우에는 재분배 반응이 효율적으로 일어나지 않는다는 단점이 있다.Techniques for selectively preparing silicone monomers having a specific number of alkyl groups and halogens through alkyl and halogen redistribution reactions between alkylhalosilanes are known. For example, US Pat. No. 2647136 discloses a method for preparing dimethyldichlorosilane (M2) by reacting trimethylchlorosilane (M3) and methyltrichlorosilane (M1) at a temperature of 250 ° C. or higher. However, this existing redistribution method has a problem of carrying out the reaction under high temperature / high pressure conditions that are difficult to apply to a commercial process, and the selectivity of the produced M 2 is also low. In addition, when stable silicon tetrachloride (STC) is used as a reactant, the redistribution reaction does not occur efficiently.
본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하고자 한 것으로서, 직접합성법에 의한 메틸클로로실란(MCS) 생산공정에서 부산물로 발생하며 끓는점이 비슷하여 증류탑에서 분리되지 않는 트리메틸클로로실란과 실리콘테트라클로라이드를 포함하는 공비 혼합물을 폐기하지 않고, 이로부터 높은 선택성으로 유용한 실리콘 모노머인 디메틸디클로로실란 및 메틸트리클로로실란을 제조하는 방법을 제공하는 것을 기술적 과제로 한다.The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, trimethylchlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride that is generated as a by-product in the production process of methylchlorosilane (MCS) by the direct synthesis method and does not separate in a distillation column due to similar boiling points It is a technical object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing dimethyldichlorosilane and methyltrichlorosilane, which are useful silicone monomers with high selectivity, without discarding the azeotropic mixture including the same.
상기의 기술적 과제를 해결하고자 본 발명은, AlCl3 주촉매 및 MgO 조촉매의 존재하에, 트리메틸클로로실란과 실리콘테트라클로라이드를 포함하는 공비 혼합물을 메틸디클로로실란((CH3)SiHCl2)과 반응시켜 디메틸디클로로실란 및 메틸트리클로로실란을 제조하는 방법을 제공한다.In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention, in the presence of the AlCl 3 main catalyst and MgO promoter, by reacting an azeotrope containing trimethylchlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride with methyldichlorosilane ((CH 3 ) SiHCl 2 ) Provided are methods for preparing dimethyldichlorosilane and methyltrichlorosilane.
본 발명에 따르면, 직접합성법에 의한 메틸클로로실란(MCS) 생산공정의 부산물인 트리메틸클로로실란과 실리콘테트라클로라이드의 공비 혼합물을 폐기하지 않고, 이로부터 유용한 실리콘 모노머인 디메틸디클로로실란 및 메틸트리클로로실란을 높은 선택성으로 제조할 수 있다. According to the present invention, the azeotropic mixture of trimethylchlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride, a by-product of the methylchlorosilane (MCS) production process by the direct synthesis method, is not discarded, and thus useful silicone monomers, dimethyldichlorosilane and methyltrichlorosilane, are removed. It can be produced with high selectivity.
이하, 본 발명에 대해 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명에 있어서 반응물로 사용되는 트리메틸클로로실란(M3)과 실리콘테트라클로라이드(STC)를 포함하는 공비 혼합물로는 직접합성법에 의한 메틸클로로실란(MCS) 생산공정에서 부산물로 발생하는 것을 활용할 수 있다. 공비 혼합물 내의 실리콘테트라클로라이드 : 트리메틸클로로실란의 비율로는 중량비로 0.7:1 ~ 1.2:1이 적절하다. 실리콘테트라클로라이드의 상대적 함량이 이 범위를 벗어나면 M2 및 M1 선택성을 낮추는 문제가 있을 수 있다. As an azeotropic mixture containing trimethylchlorosilane (M3) and silicon tetrachloride (STC) used as a reactant in the present invention, one generated as a by-product in the methylchlorosilane (MCS) production process by a direct synthesis method may be used. The ratio of silicon tetrachloride to trimethylchlorosilane in the azeotropic mixture is preferably 0.7: 1 to 1.2: 1 by weight. If the relative content of silicon tetrachloride is outside this range, there may be a problem of lowering M2 and M1 selectivity.
이 공비 혼합물 내에는 STC와 M3 이외에 끓는점이 50℃ 이하인 저비점 물질, 예컨대 저비점의 기타 실리콘 모노머(예컨대 테트라메틸실란, 디메틸클로로실란 등) 및 2-메틸부탄(2-methylbutane), 2,2-디메틸부탄(2,2-dimethylbutane) 등이 포함될 수 있다. 이러한 저비점 물질의 공비 혼합물 내 함량은 공비 혼합물 100중량%를 기준으로 6중량% 이하(예컨대 0.1~6중량%)인 것이 적절하다.In this azeotropic mixture, low boiling point substances other than STC and M3 have a boiling point of 50 ° C. or lower, such as other low boiling point silicone monomers (such as tetramethylsilane, dimethylchlorosilane, etc.) and 2-methylbutane, 2,2-dimethyl Butane (2,2-dimethylbutane) may be included. The content in such azeotropes in the azeotropic mixture is suitably 6% by weight or less (eg 0.1-6% by weight) based on 100% by weight of the azeotropic mixture.
본 발명의 일 구체예에 따르면, 하기와 같은 조성의 공비 혼합물이 반응물로서 활용가능하다.According to one embodiment of the invention, an azeotrope of the composition as follows is available as a reactant.
본 발명에 있어서 또 다른 반응물로 사용되는 메틸디클로로실란((CH3)SiHCl2)(MH)은 Si-H 결합을 가진 유기실란 화합물로서 반응 전환율을 높이기 위하여 사용된다. 메틸디클로로실란의 사용량은 공비 혼합물 100 중량부당 30~50중량부인 것이 반응효율의 측면에서 바람직하다. Methyldichlorosilane ((CH 3 ) SiHCl 2 ) (MH), which is used as another reactant in the present invention, is an organosilane compound having a Si—H bond, which is used to increase the reaction conversion rate. The use amount of methyl dichlorosilane is preferably 30 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the azeotropic mixture in terms of reaction efficiency.
본 발명에 있어서 주촉매인 AlCl3는 루이스산(Lewis acids) 촉매로서 알킬기 및 할로겐 재분배 반응을 수행하기 위해 사용된다. 주촉매인 AlCl3의 사용량은 공비 혼합물과 메틸디클로로실란의 합계 100 중량부당 10~30중량부인 것이 바람직하다. 주촉매의 사용량이 공비 혼합물과 메틸디클로로실란의 합계 100 중량부당 10 중량부 미만이면 M2 또는 M1의 선택도가 낮아지는 문제가 있을 수 있고, 반대로 30 중량부를 초과하면, 공정후 폐기물 처리량 증가에 따른 비용이 증가하는 문제가 있을 수 있다. In the present invention, the main catalyst AlCl 3 is used as a Lewis acid catalyst to perform alkyl group and halogen redistribution reaction. The amount of the main catalyst is AlCl 3 is preferably in total per 100 parts by weight of 10 to 30 parts by weight of an azeotropic mixture with methyl dichlorosilane. If the amount of the main catalyst is less than 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the azeotrope and methyldichlorosilane, the selectivity of M2 or M1 may be lowered. On the contrary, if the amount of the main catalyst exceeds 30 parts by weight, There may be a problem of increased cost.
본 발명에 있어서 조촉매인 MgO는 안정한 STC의 Cracking을 도와 유용한 모노머로의 전환율을 높이기 위해 사용된다. Si-Cl의 결합 에너지가 Si-C, Si-H보다 크기 때문에 STC는 상대적으로 안정하고 따라서 Cracking되기 힘들다(결합 에너지: Si-H 73kcal/mol, Si-Cl 95kcal/mol, Si-C 58~80kcal/mol). 그러나 본 발명에서는 조촉매로서 MgO를 사용하여 안정한 형태의 STC의 Cracking을 도와 유용한 모노머로의 전환율을 높일 수 있다. 또한 이러한 조촉매의 사용에 따라 최종적으로 얻고자 하는 M1 및 M2에 대한 선택성도 높일 수 있다.In the present invention, MgO, which is a promoter, is used to help stable STC cracking and to increase conversion to useful monomers. Since the binding energy of Si-Cl is larger than that of Si-C and Si-H, STC is relatively stable and therefore difficult to crack (bonding energy: Si-H 73kcal / mol, Si-Cl 95kcal / mol, Si-C 58 ~ 80 kcal / mol). However, in the present invention, by using MgO as a promoter, it is possible to increase the conversion rate to a useful monomer by helping cracking of a stable form of STC. In addition, the selectivity to M1 and M2 to be finally obtained according to the use of such a promoter can be increased.
조촉매인 MgO는 공비 혼합물과 메틸디클로로실란의 합계 100 중량부당 1~8중량부의 양으로 바람직하게 사용된다. The cocatalyst MgO is preferably used in an amount of 1 to 8 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight in total of the azeotrope and methyldichlorosilane.
본 발명의 방법은 교반장치가 구비된 반응기 내에서 수행되는 것이 바람직하며, 반응온도는 210℃ 이하(예컨대 180 내지 210℃)인 것이 반응 효율의 측면에서 바람직하다. The method of the present invention is preferably carried out in a reactor equipped with a stirring device, the reaction temperature is preferably 210 ℃ or less (for example 180 to 210 ℃) in terms of reaction efficiency.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예에 의하여 보다 상세히 설명하나, 본 발명이 이들 실시예에 의해 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
실시예Example 1~3 및 1-3 and 비교예Comparative example 1~6 1 to 6
하기 표 1에 나타낸 조성에 따라, 교반기가 설치된 반응기에 공비 혼합물, 메틸디클로로실란(MH), AlCl3 주촉매 및 MgO 조촉매를 투입하였다. 반응에 사용된 공비 혼합물로는 직접합성법에 의한 메틸클로로실란(MCS) 생산공정에서 발생한 것을 사용하였다. 반응전 총 반응물 100중량부 내의 성분들 중 STC, M3, M1 및 M2의 함량을 분석하여 그 결과를 하기 표 2에 나타내었다.According to the composition shown in Table 1, azeotropic mixture, methyldichlorosilane (MH), AlCl 3 main catalyst and MgO cocatalyst was added to the reactor equipped with a stirrer. As the azeotropic mixture used for the reaction, one produced in the methylchlorosilane (MCS) production process by the direct synthesis method was used. The content of STC, M3, M1 and M2 among the components in 100 parts by weight of the total reactants before the reaction was analyzed and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
반응기 내부를 200℃로 승온한 뒤, 5시간 동안 반응을 수행하였다. 반응 종료 후, 반응기 내부를 상온으로 식혔다. 그 후 드라이아이스-아세톤 bath를 사용하여 -30℃ 이하로 반응기 내부를 냉각하여 비점이 낮은 물질의 기화를 방지면서 생성물을 샘플링하고, 이를 GC 분석하였다. 반응후 결과 혼합물 100중량부 내의 성분들 중 STC, M3, M1 및 M2의 함량을 분석하여 그 결과를 하기 표 2에 나타내었다.
After raising the temperature inside the reactor to 200 ℃, the reaction was carried out for 5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the inside of the reactor was cooled to room temperature. The product was then sampled while cooling the inside of the reactor using a dry ice-acetone bath below -30 ° C. to prevent evaporation of the low boiling point material, which was GC analyzed. After the reaction, the content of STC, M3, M1, and M2 in the components in 100 parts by weight of the mixture was analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
[표 1] (단위: 중량(g))Table 1 (Unit: weight (g))
[표 2] (단위: 중량부)[Table 2] (Unit: parts by weight)
(상기 이외의 성분들에 대한 분석결과는 나타내지 않음.)(The analysis results for the components other than the above are not shown.)
상기 표 2로부터 알 수 있듯이, 본 발명에 따른 방법으로 STC 및 M3의 공비 혼합물을 처리한 경우, M1 및 M2 모두 우수한 선택성으로 얻어질 수 있었다. As can be seen from Table 2, when the azeotropic mixture of STC and M3 was treated by the method according to the present invention, both M1 and M2 could be obtained with excellent selectivity.
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