KR20120105532A - Cooling stave for a metallugical furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

A cooling stave 100 for a metallugical furnace, in particular a blast furnace, comprises a front face 112, a rear face 114 and at least one interior. Metal plate body 110 having an internal coolant passage 120. The set of heat pipes 130 is associated with the coolant passages of the plate body 110 to enhance heat transfer from the front face 112 to the associated coolant passages 120. According to the invention, each heat pipe 130 of the assembly is plated together with a condensation end portion 132 contained in the metal material of the plate body 110 continuous up to the adjacent coolant passage 120. It is disposed in the body 110. Heat transfer from the condensation end 132 to the associated coolant passage 120 occurs through this metallic zone.

Description

Cooling stave for a metallugical furnace

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to cooling installations for furnaces, and more particularly to cooling staves for use in metallugical furnaces. The present invention relates to a cooling stave and is not particularly limited to use in shaft furnaces, in particular in blast furnaces for the production of pig iron.

Cooling staves are also called "stave coolers,""coolingplates," or simply "staves," and are used for decades to protect furnace armor. Has been used in furnaces for years. It is disposed inside the furnace armor, ie in the furnace shall, and generally has an internal coolant duct connected to the cooling system of the furnace. Chilled water pipes are generally loaded by separate cast-in coolant pipes or by drilled-in or internal passages to reduce thermal resistance at the interface. It is formed as one. The "hot face", ie the stave surface opposite the interior of the furnace, is generally lined with refractory material to isolate the stave from the working environment. The original intention of stave cooling is that the refractory can wear off and the stave can, in theory, operate without refractory on the high temperature side. However, this situation causes significant wear on the stave due to the working environment, and ultimately promotes the formation of protective accretions (“scaffolds”) on the hot surface through cooling of the stave. Even if it leads to failure.

Initially and nowadays, the most widely used cooling stave is a cast iron plate body. Recently, a cooling stave having a plate body made of copper or steel has been proposed and used successfully. Copper cooling staves generally have much better thermal conductivity than cast iron or steel cooling staves, but the former has much lower wear resistance than the latter. Therefore, in the furnace zone where the cooling plate is exposed to severe mechanical stress, the copper cooling plate cannot be easily mounted. Moreover, copper cooling staves are generally more expensive than cast iron cooling staves.

Due to the high thermal conductivity, copper stave in the valley and bosh of the lower region of the furnace, in recent years, high heat load has to be applied and the demand for the formation of protective "scaffolding" is high. Is mainly used. Cast iron (or steel) stabs, on the other hand, have not demonstrated sufficient conductivity to be used in the lower regions of today's high capacity furnaces where very hot loads must be applied. Nevertheless, cast iron (or steel) staves have a significantly higher mechanical wear resistance than copper staves. Indeed, copper staves can be severely damaged by abrasive unreduced burden when their refractory linings or protective scaffolds are not intact. Moreover, the copper stave is more susceptible to deformation due to uneven heat loads, and such deformation increases the risk of damage to the stave.

As discussed below, mechanical damage to a stave can cause its own internal coolant passage to rupture, regardless of whether it is made of copper or ferrous metal. Such rupture creates a significant risk of explosion due to the formation of explosive hydrogen due to coolant leakages inside the hot furnace. In the event of an unacceptable degree of leakage, the cooling stave cannot be replaced during operation, which requires a very costly interruption of operation.

In order to reduce the possibility of coolant leakage into the furnace and minimize the associated risks and costs, US patent 2008/0111287 proposes a modified stave design without the usual internal coolant passages (connected to the cooling circuit). Contrary to conventional staves, US 2008/0111287 proposes installation of a heat pipe arrangement in which the heat pipe extends from the inside of the stave plate body to the heat sink outside the furnace shell, where the heat pipe is safely connected to the cooling water circuit. . In this stave the condensed end of the heat pipe is thus arranged outside the furnace shell, whereas only its evaporated end is arranged in the plate body of the stave. Similar designs have been proposed in German Patent Application DE 28 04 282, Japanese Patent Application JP 54 050 477, and Soviet Invention Certificate SU 499300. Here, compared with the conventional stave, the latter design completely avoids the passage of the cooling water of the cooling circuit inside the stave. Thus, while this design can significantly reduce the risk of "hydrogen explosion" due to leaks, while providing similar or even better heat removal capabilities, the main disadvantage is that it requires significant modification of existing cooling circuit infrastructure and furnace shells. It is in that. In other words, the above designs are not very suitable for retrofitting existing furnaces, ie for on-site installation in existing furnaces without additional installation costs.

Similar approaches for reducing the risk of inflow of coolant into the furnace are given in International Patent Application WO 80/01000, US Pat. No. 4,561,639 and likewise in International Patent Application WO 80/01201.

The stave design according to WO 80/01000 and US Pat. No. 4,561,639 also comprises a plate body made of a metallic material with a front face facing the interior of the furnace. Contrary to previous designs and in a manner similar to conventional cooling staves, these staves further comprise internal cooling water (water) passages in the plate body, which passages are connected to the cooling circuit of the furnace in a general manner. However, as an improvement over conventional staves, a set of heat pipes is associated with the coolant passages, and the heat pipes are used to improve heat transfer from the front (“hot face”) to the internal coolant passages. It is arranged in the plate body. Thus, the thermal conductivity is improved, thereby reducing the risk of mechanical defects. In addition, in the case of an unsafe cooling agent, the heat pipe is more exposed to mechanical defects than the cooling water passage. While the design according to WO 80/01000 or US Pat. No. 4,561,639 allows for direct retrofitting and connection to existing cooling water circuits, there is still a substantial risk of cooling water leakage.

The first object of the present invention is the cooling of the general type shown above, suitable for easy installation in existing metallurgical furnaces without the need for major structural modifications, while reducing the risk of cooling water leakage compared to conventional cooling staves. To provide a stave. This object is achieved by a cooling stave as described in claim 1.

The present invention relates to a metallurgy, in particular to a cooling stave (abbreviated as "stave") for protecting the shell of the furnace. In a known manner, the cooling stave comprises a plate body made of metal. The plate body has a rear face opposite the front face, each face facing the interior of the metallurgical furnace and facing the shell when the stave is installed. Also, in a known manner, at least one internal coolant passage is installed in the plate body, and the coolant passage has a main portion in general, but not necessarily in a rectilinear and cylindrical cross section. . According to the invention, a set of heat pipes is associated with at least one cooling water passage, generally with each cooling water passage. Each heat pipe has an evaporation end portion and a condensation end portion. The collection of heat pipes is from the front side, i.e., generally from the "hot face" opposite the "cold face", and more particularly to the associated coolant passages to improve heat transfer. It is placed on the plate body.

In order to achieve the first object described above, according to the present invention, each heat pipe of the set of heat pipes is disposed in the plate body, that is, in the plate body without noticeably protruding from the plate body, and associated coolant passages. Condensing ends that are partially enclosed or fully enclosed in a contiguous plate material are also disposed. In other words, the condensed end of each heat pipe is in each case partially surrounded or completely contained (embeded) in the plate material without protruding into the coolant passage. Thus, during operation, heat transfer from the condensation end to the coolant passage occurs through a metal material adjacent to the coolant passage. In other words, the condensation end is indirectly cooled by thermal conduction through the metallic interface of the plate body between the heat pipe and the associated cooling water passage.

By integrating a relatively small heat pipe, the global thermal conductivity of the stave is remarkable, especially not only for staves made of ferrous metal, but also for those made of copper. Can be improved. Finite element calculation predicts an increase of> 30% over a cast iron stave over a cast iron stave, and for a copper stave a conventional copper stave. An increase of> 10% is expected. Moreover, the thermal distribution is increased, thus reducing the risk of plastic deformations due to excessive and nonuniform temperatures of the stave body. As a result, by providing a heat pipe according to the present invention, the life of the stave is increased.

In comparison with a stave equipped with a heat pipe according to US 2008/0111287, DE 28 04 282, JP 54 050 477 or SU 499300, the stave according to the invention has the significant advantage of being compatible with existing designs. Indeed, the proposed stave requires no connection of the heat pipe to the modified cooling circuit, and without the need to vacuum the on-site heat pipe (the prior art stave may be necessary), In the case of cooling installations it is possible to install (retrofitting) in existing furnaces without major changes.

In comparison with a stave equipped with a heat pipe according to WO 80/01000 and US Pat. No. 4,561,639, the stave according to the invention has the important advantage of further reducing the risk of cooling water leakage in the furnace. Indeed, according to WO 80/01000 and US Pat. No. 4,561,639, a cavity is installed in the stave body which is connected with the cooling water passage to receive a heat pipe having a condensation end arranged in the cooling water passage. These cavities create channels near the front of the stave from the associated coolant passages, which leak through these channels, for example in the case of mechanical defects such as rupture or fissure. It must be securely sealed through the cavity to avoid Thus, as wear progresses, leakage of coolant from the stave according to WO 80/01000 and US Pat. No. 4,561,639 cannot be reliably excluded. In the stave according to the invention, this drawback is eliminated by the metal barrier of the plate body remaining between the condensation end of the heat pipe and the associated coolant passage.

Increasing the beneficial heat conduction is achieved when the plate body is made of ferrous metal, in particular cast iron or steel. Thus, a stave is obtained that has the combined advantage of the mechanical robustness of cast iron or steel staves with high thermal efficiency. Nevertheless, a significant increase in thermal conductivity can also be achieved with copper staves.

Preferably, each set of heat pipes is arranged in pairs, preferably at regular intervals, of heat pipes arranged along the longitudinal axis of the main part of the associated coolant passage. It includes. Here, each layer may be configured to further improve the overall thermal conductivity by alternately including a single heat pipe, a pair of heat pipes. In the latter case, the condensation end of each pair of heat pipes is preferably arranged on the opposite side of the main part of the associated cooling water passage. Furthermore, in order to increase the heat pipe length and thus effective "thermal short" and at the same time more uniform cooling of the front face, each pair of heat pipes is preferably spaced further apart from their condensation ends. And obliquely with respect to the front-to-rear direction.

In this case, the front face of the stave alternately includes a retaining groove for holding a retaining rib and a refractory material, and the heat pipe is preferably heat in the plate body. It is arranged in layers at the level of the retaining ribs to enhance the mechanical protection of the pipes. In the latter embodiment of the present invention, the heat pipes may be arranged such that their evaporation ends are enclosed in retaining ribs to further reduce the overall thermal conductivity. Optionally, the heat pipes may be arranged so as not to protrude into the retaining ribs to minimize exposure to mechanical stress.

In a more preferred embodiment, each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly is completely into the plate body, from the vicinity of the front side to the vicinity of the associated cooling water passage, preferably along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the main portion of the associated cooling water passage. Extend. Preferably, each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly is arranged such that the evaporation end is included in a metal material adjacent to the front surface. The heat transfer from the front side to the evaporation end therefore takes place via an interface of metal adjacent the front so that the evaporation end is protected from mechanical wear.

In another preferred embodiment, a first group of auxiliary heat pipes is arranged in the plate body to extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cooling water passage and parallel to the front face. This first auxiliary heat pipe group improves the thermal distribution along the width direction of the plate body. A second group of auxiliary heat pipes can be arranged in the plate body to extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coolant passage.

In general, the plate body comprises a plurality of internal cooling water passages, each cooling water passage having an associated set of heat pipes according to the invention, respectively. In the latter case, the cooling water passage preferably has a longitudinal axis which is arranged closer to the rear face than the front face, in particular within 40% of the thickness of the rearmost base wall of the plate body. In this configuration, the water carrying passages of the stave (formed integrally with the channel or the inserted pipe) are further away from the inside of the furnace. This further reduces the risk of breakthrough and, in the case of a fatal flaw in the front of the stave, nevertheless this design ensures that no water enters the furnace. Therefore, the risk of hydrogen explosion is further reduced.

Preferably, in order to ensure the operation in all directions, the heat pipe is preferably, for example, for the return of a work agent from the condensation end to the evaporation end by a capillary action, for example, It consists of an internal wick arrangement, such as a sintered metal wick arrangement or an internal groove arrangement.

Depending on the manufacturing mode selected, the metal plate body is

For each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly, there is a blind bore that is drilled from the rear face and terminates just before the front face (holding rib 216), each heat pipe having a corresponding Fixed in a blind hole in a thermally conductive manner, preferably by means of a tight fit; or,

For each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly, a calibrated steel blind tube that is cast-in to the metal plate body and extends from the rear surface and terminates just before the front surface. Each heat pipe is fixed in a thermally conductive manner in a corresponding blind tube, preferably by means of a tight fit.

In an alternative manufacturing manner, the plate body is made of cast metal, and each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly is cast in to the metal plate body.

Regardless of manufacture, in a preferred embodiment, each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly is at a distance of at least 2 mm from the condensation end, preferably from 2 to 15 mm, from the outer envelope of the associated coolant passageway. Is placed.

As will be described later, the stave of the present invention is particularly applied to industrial furnace cooling systems. In a preferred application, the stave of the invention consists of cast iron or steel and is installed at the level of the belly and / or bosh of the furnace.

According to the present invention, there is provided a cooling stave having a general type of configuration and suitable for easy installation in an existing metallurgical furnace without requiring major structural modifications while at the same time reducing the risk of cooling water leakage compared to conventional cooling staves. .

Further details and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of some embodiments, which is not limited with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cooling stave according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIGS. 1 and 4.
3 is an enlarged view of Zone III of FIG. 1.
4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cooling stave according to the second embodiment.
5 is an enlarged view of zone V of FIG. 4.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 4.
7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cooling stave according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of zone VIII of FIG. 7.
9A is a cross sectional view along line IX A-IX A in FIG. 7 showing a third embodiment of a cooling stave.
9B is a yellow cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a cooling stave.
In these figures the same reference numerals or reference numerals with increased numerals in hundreds have been used to indicate identical or functionally similar components.

In FIG. 1, a first embodiment of a cooling stave 100 (hereinafter “save”) is shown in vertical section. The stave 100 is, for example, cast iron, generally spheroidal graphite cast iron (ductile CI, DIN "GGG" type) or lamellar ) Plate body 110 made of a metal material of ferrous metal, such as graphite cast iron (grey iron, DIN 'GGL' type). May also be made of other metals, such as copper, for example .. The metal plate body 110 has a front face and an opposite rear face indicated by reference numerals 112 and 114, respectively. In the form of a general parallelepiped, the front face 112 (“hot face”) of the plate body 110 is preferably alternatingly and regularly spaced apart. A series of spaced parallel retaining ribs 116 and retaining grooves 118 are provided. 118 preferably has a dovetail shape in the cross section, as shown in Figure 3. Thus, as shown in Figure 1, the front face 112 increases the heat exchange surface and generally In order to improve the adherence of refractory linings installed on the front face 112, corrugated grooves are provided. On the contrary, it is disposed inside a shell of a melting furnace, for example, a furnace (not shown), in general, the plate body 110 has a dimension in the following range: Length: 500 to 5000 mm , Width: 200 to 2000 mm, plate thickness: (smallest dimension, ie, base wall thickness excluding rib 116) 40 to 500 mm.

Reference numeral 120 denotes, for example, an internal channel which is integrally formed during casting of the plate body 110, as shown in FIG. 1, or, optionally, subsequent. ) In the form of channels processed by drilling, generally representing a straight, cylindrical coolant passage. As shown in the cross-sectional view of the stave of FIG. 2, the plate body 110 includes several such coolant passages 120, which are generally parallel to each other. The coolant passage 120 extends inside the metal plate body 110 between the front side 112 and the rear side 114. Each coolant passage 120 cross section is generally circular, but other, such as, for example, an oval section, is not excluded. As further shown in FIG. 1, the internal cooling water passage is connected to the connecting pipe 122. The connecting pipe 122 of FIG. 1 is welded transversely across an integrally formed channel forming the cooling water passage 120 or, optionally, in a bent portion of the cooling water pipe. Which may be inserted into a bore or cast in to the plate body, forming a cooling water passage (not shown). The connection pipe part 122 forms an inlet and an outlet for connecting the internal cooling water passage 120 to the cooling circuit (not shown) of the furnace, respectively. Although not necessarily completely straight and rectilinear, each coolant passage 120 generally has at least a straight periphery along with the longitudinal axis A, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Have

As is apparent from FIG. 1, a main set of heat pipes 130 is associated with each coolant passage 120. As is known, heat pipes have an efficient thermal conductivity which is very hundreds of times higher than copper, and thus can be considered a "thermal short". Suitable constructions for the heat pipe 130 are well known. For further details, see, for example, Reay, David and Peter Kew, "Heat Pipes, Fifth Edition: Theory Design and Applications", Butterworth-Heinemann publisher; 5 ed. (2006); See ISBN 978-0750667548.

Each heat pipe 130 has an evaporation end portion 132 (generally referred to as an “evaporator section”) and a condensation end portion (as shown in FIG. 3). 134) (generally called a "condenser section"). Here, for use in the stave 100 according to the invention, the heat pipe 130 is not only suitable for temperatures> 760 ° C., but also as an container material, an internal working agent (operating). Note that it has a working fluid. Suitable work agents are, for example, water or mercury. Heat pipe 130 is generally an internal wick arrangement, for example, to return a work agent from condensation end 134 to evaporation end 132, regardless of the direction of each heat pipe. For example, it has a sintered metal wick arrangement or an internal groove. Alternatively, or in addition, it is ensured to provide adequate slope and orientation from the condensation end 134 to the evaporation end 132 (e.g., the following second auxiliary heat pipe group The return of the work agent may occur or may be assisted by gravity, thus enabling the use of cheaper heat pipes 130. On the other hand, although cylindrical container geometry is most practical, heat pipe 130 may, in principle, have any, generally elongated geometry.

As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3, the condensation end 134 of each heat pipe is disposed in the vicinity of the associated coolant passage 120, while the evaporation end 132 is of the front face 112 of the plate body 110. Is placed nearby. Thus, each heat pipe 130 of the main assembly is generally from the front side 112 (“hot side”) to the rear side 114 (“cold side”), in particular to the associated internal coolant passage 120. In a manner that improves heat transfer, it is disposed on the plate body 110. As shown in FIG. 1, within a set of heat pipes 130 associated with a given coolant passage 120, the heat pipes 130 are connected to layers, preferably associated coolant passages, at regular intervals along the longitudinal axis. Disposed to substantially cover the entire length of 120. In the stave 100 of FIGS. 1-3, each heat pipe 130 is arranged to extend from the vicinity of the associated coolant passage 120 to the vicinity of the front face 112 without protruding into the retaining rib 116. . Thus, the heat pipe 130 of FIGS. 1-3 is contained within a core parallelepiped portion of the stave body 110 without passing through the rib 116 to support the temperature gradient and their refractory. It allows to avoid exposure to the higher mechanical stress that the ribs 116 generally receive among those due to a refractory-supporting function. Further, preferably, heat pipe 130 has a central region excluding the uppermost and lowermost longitudinal extremities of plate body 110, which are exposed to significant stress and wear. Arranged to cover approximately the length of the associated coolant passage 120 within.

Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the heat pipes 130 are held so that their longitudinal axes B approximately coincide with the plane of symmetry of the corresponding retaining ribs 116. Disposed on the layer corresponding to the rib. The heat pipes 130 may also be arranged differently, for example, without having their longitudinal axis B positioned exactly in the mid-plane of the retaining ribs 116. As shown in FIG. 3, the heat pipes 130 are preferably arranged in a direction in which their longitudinal axis B is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A. As shown in FIG. In the stave 100 of FIG. 1, each layer comprises a single heat pipe 130 arranged such that its axis B intersects the axis A of the associated coolant passageway. The number of heat pipes associated with the coolant passage 120 per set is approximately two to four subtracted from one or two of the top and bottom retention ribs 116, as shown in FIG. 4, from the number of retention ribs 116. It corresponds to one.

As described below and shown in FIG. 3, each main heat pipe 130 has a " low temperature " of the metallic material of the plate body 110, the condensing end 134 of which is adjacent to the associated coolant passage 120. It is included in the "cooled" portion, it is included in the metal plate body 110. Thus, during operation, heat transfer occurs from the condensation end 134 to each coolant passage 120 through the "cold" portion of the plate material adjacent to the coolant passage 120. In other words, the heat pipe 130 does not protrude to the inside of the coolant passage 120 nor to the outside of the plate body 110. Thus, the heat pipe 130 is safely encapsulated in the material of the plate body 110, and the wear or stress that causes damage to one of the heat pipes, between the heat pipe 130, in particular its condensation end 134. ) And the coolant passage 120, due to the barrier of remaining metal material, may not cause leakage from the associated coolant passage 12. Preferably, each heat pipe 130 is enveloped with its condensation end 134 and associated, eg, cylindrical, associated coolant passage 120 to ensure substantial safety at low thermal resistance. It is arrange | positioned so that the shortest distance between legs may be larger than 2 mm, Preferably it is the range of 2 mm-15 mm, More preferably, it is the range of 5 mm-10 mm.

For additional protection of the heat pipe 130 from stress and abrasion applied to the front face 112 (hot surface), each heat pipe 130 has a plate body (evaporated end 132 adjacent to the front face 112). And disposed in a “heated” portion of the metal of 110. Thus, heat transfer from the front face 112 to the evaporation end 132 occurs through the corresponding heated portion of the plate material adjoining the front face 112.

In addition, as described below, in addition to achieving a significant reduction in the risk of leakage, the proposed heat pipe 130 configuration is a front-to-rear direction from the “hot” front 112 to the “low temperature” rear 114. This increases the overall thermal conductivity. This also allows each coolant passage 120 to be located closer to the backside 114 than is generally recommended in a conventional stave. Preferably, the coolant passageway 120 is thus arranged such that its longitudinal axis A is closer to the rear face 114 than the front face 112, ie, at a ratio of dr / df << 1. Preferably dr / df ≦ 0.8, more preferably dr / df ≦ 0.7, where, as shown in FIG. 1, dr is the distance of axis A with respect to rear face 114 and df is front face 112 Is the distance to (at the level of the groove 118). The coolant passage 120 is configured such that the remaining thickness of the material of the plate body 110 is minimized between the coolant passage 120 and the rear surface 114, and is preferably configured within a range of 5 to 50 mm. As a result, the risk of stress-induced failure of the cooling water passage 120 causing leakage is further reduced since the backside 114 is minimally exposed to mechanical stress.

1 shows a first auxiliary heat pipe group 140 that is embedded in the plate body 110 in a different direction. As shown in FIG. 2, each of the plurality of first auxiliary heat pipes 140 extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the coolant passage 120 and is disposed on the longitudinal axis C, which is generally parallel to the front face 112. do. The heat pipe 140 is located in a plate material adjacent to the opposite lateral edge of the plate body 110. Thus, depending on the temperature distribution in the plate body 110, the ends 142, 144 operate as either condenser sections or evaporator sections. Due to their relatively long lengths, the heat pipe 140 is generally equipped with an adiabatic central section 146, which is connected to the ends 142, 144. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pipe 140 is preferably arranged in the mid-plane of the corresponding retaining groove 118, and the heat pipe 140 is uppermost and lowermost. Except for the groove 118 of), it is installed for each holding groove 118. As shown in FIG. 3, the heat pipe 140 is its longitudinal axis approximately centered at the shortest distance between the cylindrical envelope of the coolant passage 120 and the front surface of the bottom of the corresponding groove 118. (C) is disposed. As described later, the first auxiliary heat pipe group 140 increases the heat distribution along the width direction of the plate body, thereby further distributing the heat load evenly between the coolant passages 120. Preferably, the auxiliary heat pipe 140 is a group that substantially covers the length of the coolant passage 120, alternately with the main heat pipe 130, and is regulary spaced. In addition, although not shown in the figures, a second auxiliary heat pipe group can be provided in a similar manner to improve the temperature distribution along the longitudinal direction of the plate body and thus reduce the wrapping of the stave. The heat pipe 110 may be embedded in the plate body to extend parallel to the longitudinal axis (C) of the coolant passage (120).

4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the stave 200. For simplicity, only the differences between the stave 200 of FIGS. 4 to 6 will be described below with respect to the stave 100 of FIGS. Other features as shown by increasing hundreds of digits are the same or similar to the above.

As shown in FIG. 5, and in contrast to the stave 100, the evaporation end 232 of the main heat pipe 230 of the stave 200 is contained within the plate material forming the corresponding retaining rib 216. It is. The heat pipe 230 protrudes into the retaining rib 216, whereby the evaporation end 232 is located closer to the frontmost plane of the corrugated front 212, further increasing thermal conductivity. do. Thus, according to their required length, the heat pipe 230 is installed in an intermediate adiabatic section. The safety distance between the coolant passages 220 associated with the condensation end 234 is preferably selected similarly to the foregoing with respect to FIGS. 1 to 4. Furthermore, even if a defect such as, for example, breakage of heat pipe 230 is uncritical, minimize exposure to mechanical stress and wear to ensure sufficient life of heat pipe 230. In order to achieve this, each heat pipe 230 preferably has a shortest distance between its evaporation end 232 and the surface of the front surface 212 of the tip of the corresponding rib 216 of 5 mm to 50 mm. It is arranged to be a range.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, the stave 200 of FIGS. 4-6 also includes an auxiliary heat pipe 240 constructed and arranged as described above with respect to FIG. 2. Moreover, the axis B of each heat pipe 230 is also parallel to the front-rear direction, indicated by straight line D in FIG. 6.

7-9A show a third embodiment of a cooling stave, indicated by reference numeral 300. Only differences between the cooling stave 100 of FIGS. 1 to 3 and the stave 200 of FIGS. 4 to 6 are described below. Other features are the same or similar to those described above.

In the stave 300 of FIGS. 7-9A, the set of primary heat pipes 330 is configured differently depending on the amount of heat pipes used and their orientation within the plate body 310. As shown in FIG. 9A (shown along straight line IXA-IXA in FIG. 7), each set associated with a given coolant passage 320 corresponds to a retention rib 316 (one or two top-bottom ribs). Each layer includes a pair of heat pipes 33. Thus, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7A-9, the total number of heat pipes 330 is approximately equal to the number of ribs 316 multiplied by the number of ribs 316 by the number of cooling water passages 320, for example. In total, there are dozens of heat pipes. As a result, an additional increase in thermal conductivity in the front-rear direction is achieved compared to FIGS. 1 to 6 by a pair of heat pipes 330 arranged at regular intervals along the longitudinal axis A of the associated coolant passage 320. Thus, the stave 300 according to FIGS. 7-9A has a much higher thermal efficiency and tends to have less premature failure. As further shown in FIG. 9A, each pair of two heat pipes 330 are arranged obliquely and mirror-symmetrically with respect to the transverse front and rear direction D. FIG. More specifically, their evaporation ends 332 proximate the front face 312 are spaced for greater extension than their condensation end 334 adjacent to the associated coolant passageway 320. In other words, the longitudinal axis B of the paired heat pipes 330 is an angle with respect to the transverse direction D. This arrangement doubles the number of "thermal shorts" from the near of the front face 312 to the associated coolant passage 320, and at the same time along the width direction of the plate body 310, Ensure an approximately uniform distribution of the evaporated end 332 of the plate material adjacent the front face 312. As with FIGS. 1-6, the condensation end 334 is conversely included in each “cooled region” of the material of the plate body 310. However, in the stave 300, the "cold region" is adjacent to the opposite side of the main part of the associated coolant passage 320, respectively-and as described above-the heat between the evaporation end 332 and the associated coolant passage 320. Delivery occurs through this protected "cold region".

In addition, the main heat pipe 33 is longer than that used in FIGS. 1 to 6. In fact, the configuration of FIG. 9A allows for the maximum length of the heat pipe while maintaining a uniform distribution of the evaporation end 332 along the width of the front face 312. The condensation end 334 is located closer to the back surface 314 of the plate body 310. As shown in FIG. 9A, each set of heat pipes 330 is disposed on the opposite side of the passage main part with respect to the front-rear direction D, close to and laterally with the associated cooling water passage 320. Thus, a larger extension of the condensation end 334 is disposed near the coolant passage 320 to improve cooling compared to FIGS. 1-6. In order to simplify the manufacture, the heat pipe 330 is installed in the corresponding blind hole, for example by a tight fit. The blind hole obliquely extends along the axis B from the rear face 314 towards the front face 312 and shortly before the front face 312, for example, at a distance in the range of 5 mm to 50 mm. Quit. The terminal faces of the condensation end 334 are preferably flush with or substantially flush with the backside 314. While the lateral surface of the condensation end 334 is completely surrounded by the plate material adjacent to the associated coolant passageway 320, their front face need not be so (cooling the lateral surface by greater exposure is possible). As letting). In other words, in contrast to the previous embodiments, the heat pipe 330 of the stave 300 is disposed in the plate body 310 without protruding, but is not completely included in the material of the plate body 310.

9B shows a fourth embodiment of the stave, indicated by reference numeral 400. The stave 400 is substantially the same as in FIGS. 7-9A, and in a more simplified manufacturing in which the blind hole in which the main heat pipe 430 is installed is installed in the plate body 410 in parallel to the front-rear direction (D). The only difference is that. The heat pipe 430 is thus arranged in the plate body 410 with a longitudinal axis B perpendicular to the axis A of the coolant passage 420 and perpendicular to the plane of the front 412 / rear 414. .

In conclusion, some preferred methods for manufacturing the cooling stave 100, 200, 300, 400 as described above are summarized as follows.

As described later, not only the main heat pipes 130 and 230 of FIGS. 1 to 6 but also the auxiliary heat pipes 140 and 240 are completely embedded in the metal materials of the plate bodies 110 and 210. In this case, the plate bodies 110 and 210 are manufactured by casting, and a method suitable for complete embedding is

(a) During the casting operation of the plate body, the heat pipes 130, 230, 140 and 240 are preferably cast in using a heat pipe having a steel container.

To fabricate staves 300, 400 according to FIGS. 7-9 b (where the heat pipes 330, 430, 340, 440 may have end faces not covered by suitable plate material). Alternatively, the heat pipes 330, 430, 340, and 440 may be installed by the following method.

(b) About the casting plate body: During the casting operation of the plate body, a cylindrical sand core is installed as a placeholder at the final position of the heat pipes 330, 430, 340, 440, and after casting, Removing the pseudo core and boring the resulting cavities, and then for sufficient thermal contact (optionally adding thermal grease at the interface), the heat pipe 330 , 430, 340, and 440 are tight-fitted therein.

(c) About the casting plate body: The surface of the plate body 310,410 is cast by casting a calibrated blind tube, preferably made of steel, during the casting operation of the plate body 310,410. It has a flush end face that is equal to, and has good thermal contact with the plate material due to carburization, and after casting, for example, by heat or by tight fit or screwed connection Insert pipes 330, 430, 340, 440 and, if necessary, add protective filling material in such a way as to avoid air air inclusions in the residual empty portions of the blind tube. do. or,

(d) For all kinds of plate bodies: If necessary, boring the receiving holes in appropriate positions after the manufacture (cast or uncast) of the plate bodies 310, 410, and then, for example, For example, the heat pipes 330, 430, 340, and 440 are inserted by tight fit or screwed together.

Here, the plate bodies 110, 210, 310, 410 may also be made of non-ferrous metals, in particular copper. The plate bodies 110, 210, 310, 410 in copper staves are generally castings produced according to, for example, US 6,470,958 or by machining rolled slabs. In such a copper stave, the heat pipes 130, 230, 140, 240 may also be installed in the following manner.

(e) In the case of a cast copper stave: during the casting operation of the copper plate bodies 110, 210, it is preferable to use heat pipes 130, 230, 140, using a heat pipe having a steel container provided with a suitable coating. Cast in 240).

(f) For copper staves: heat pipes 330, 430, in a thermally conductive manner, for example, by drilling and, if necessary, perforating the receiving holes in a suitable position after casting and, for example, by tight fit or screwing. , 340, 440).

On the other hand, the staves 100 and 200 of FIGS. 1 to 3 and 4 to 6 are preferably manufactured by, for example, the method of (a) or (e) described above, and FIGS. The cooling staves 300 and 400 of FIGS. 9A and 9B may be manufactured by one of the methods of (b), (c) and (d) described above. As noted above, the method of (a) or (e) also manufactures cooling staves 300, 400 according to FIGS. 7-9A and 9B or similar staves in which the condensation ends are embedded on the sides of the cooling water channels. Can be used to

1 to 3
100. Stave 110. Plate body
112. Front 114. Rear
116. Retaining Ribs 118. Retaining Grooves
120. Cooling water passage A. Longitudinal axis of 120
122. Connection pipe section 130. Heat pipe
132. Evaporation end 134. Condensation end
B. Vertical axis of 130 140. Auxiliary heat pipe
142, 144. End (evaporation / condensation) 146. Insulation
C. 140 longitudinal axis D. Fore and aft direction
df. Distance from A to 112 dr. df. Distance from A to 114
4 to 6 and 2
200. Stave 210. Plate Body
212.Front 214.Rear
216. Retaining Ribs 218. Retaining Grooves
220. Cooling water passage A. 220 longitudinal axis
222. Connection pipe section 230. Heat pipe
232. Evaporation end 234. Condensation end
B. longitudinal axis of 230 240. auxiliary heat pipe
242, 244. End (evaporation / condensation) 246. Insulation
C. 240 longitudinal axis D. Fore and aft direction
7 to 9a
300. Stave 310. Plate body
312.Front 314. Rear
316. Retaining Ribs 318. Retaining Grooves
320. Cooling water passage A. 320 longitudinal axis
322. Connection pipe part 330. Heat pipe
332. Evaporation end 334. Condensation end
B. Vertical axis of 330 340. Auxiliary heat pipe
342, 344. End (evaporation / condensation) 346. Insulation
C. Vertical axis of 340 D. Fore and aft direction
Figure 9b
400. Stave 410. Plate body
412.Front 414.Rear
416. Retaining Ribs 418. Retaining Grooves
420. Cooling water passage A. Vertical axis of 420
430. Heat pipe 432. Evaporation end
434. Vertical axis of condensation end B. 430
D. Back and forth direction

Claims (19)

In a cooling stave for metallugical furnaces, in particular for blast furnaces,
The cooling stave,
At least one internal coolant passage having a front face facing the interior of the metallurgical furnace, an opposing rear face and a longitudinal axis and a main portion a plate body including an interior coolant passage and made of a metallic material; And
A set of heat pipes associated with the cooling water passage,
Each of the heat pipes,
An evaporation end portion; And
A condensation end portion,
The collection of heat pipes is disposed in the plate body to improve heat transfer from the front side to the associated coolant passages,
Each heat pipe of the collection of heat pipes is connected to the plate body adjacent to the associated coolant passage such that heat transfer from the condensation end to the associated coolant passage is generated by the metallic material contiguous to the associated coolant passage. And the condensation end is enclosed in the metal material of the cooling body.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein said set of heat pipes comprises pairs of heat pipes arranged in layers at regular intervals along said longitudinal axis of said associated coolant passage.
The method of claim 2,
The condensation end of each heat pipe of each heat pipe pair is disposed on the opposite side of the main portion of the associated coolant passage.
4. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The heat pipes of each pair of heat pipes are arranged obliquely with respect to the front-to-rear direction with the evaporation ends spaced apart than their condensation ends.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The front surface of the stave includes alternating retaining ribs and retaining grooves for retaining refractory material,
The heat pipe is disposed in a layer of a level of the retaining rib.
6. The method of claim 5,
And the heat pipe is arranged such that the evaporation end is included in the retaining rib.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Each heat pipe of the set of heat pipes is arranged to extend in the plate body from the near of the front side to the vicinity of the associated coolant passage, preferably extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Cooling stave made with.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly is arranged such that the evaporation end is included in the metal material adjacent to the front surface such that heat transfer from the front surface to the evaporation end occurs through the metal material adjacent to the front surface. Cooling stave.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The cooling stave is a first auxiliary heat disposed on the plate body to extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cooling water passage and parallel to the front surface to improve thermal distribution along the width direction of the plate body. A cooling stave further comprising a group of auxiliary heat pipes.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The cooling stave further comprises a second auxiliary heat pipe group disposed in the plate body to extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cooling water passage to improve the temperature distribution along the longitudinal direction of the plate body. Cooling stave.
11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
A plurality of parallel internal coolant passages,
Each coolant passage having a set of associated heat pipes, said coolant passage being arranged closer to said rear surface than said front surface of said plate body.
12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
The heat pipes of the set of heat pipes are internal wick arrangements for return of the work agent from the condensation end to the evaporation end by an internal work agent and a capillary action, respectively. ), In particular a cooling stave comprising a sintered metal wick arrangement or an internal groove arrangement.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
The metal plate body includes a blind bore that is drilled from the back side and ends shortly in front of the front side, corresponding to each heat pipe of the set of heat pipes, each heat hit. The pipe is fixed in a corresponding blind hole in a thermally conductive manner, preferably by means of a tight fit.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
The plate body is made of cast metal and is cast-in to the metal plate body corresponding to each heat pipe of the set of heat pipes and extends from the rear surface, just before the front surface. A calibrated steel blind tube that terminates, each heat pipe being secured in a thermally conductive manner, preferably by means of a tight fit, in the corresponding blind tube. Cooling stave characterized in that.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
And the plate body is made of a cast metal, and each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly is cast in to the metal plate body.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15,
Each heat pipe of the heat pipe assembly is arranged at a distance in the range of 2 to 15 mm with the condensation end, and more preferably, at a distance in the range of 5 to 10 mm.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16,
The plate body is a cooling stave, characterized in that made of ferrous metal, in particular, cast iron (steel).
18. A furnace comprising a plurality of cooling staves according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
19. The method of claim 18,
The cooling stave is made of cast iron or steel, characterized in that the furnace is provided at the level of the belly (belly) and / or bosh (bosh).

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