KR20120021688A - A porosity electrode and an electrolytic cell having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A porosity electrode for electrolysis and an electrolytic tank are provided to enhance lifetime of the tank and to save cost for changing the tank. CONSTITUTION: An electrolytic tank(1) comprises a tank main body, an anode(22), and cathode(21). The tank main body has a cell, an anode electrolyzed water penetration cell, and a cathode electrolyzed water penetration cell. The cell receives raw water to be electrolyzed between the anode and cathode and performs electrolysis. The anode and cathode electrolyzed water penetration cells produces anode electrolyzed water and cathode electrolyzed water, respectively.

Description

Porous electrode for electrolysis and electrolytic bath having same {A porosity electrode and an electrolytic cell having the same}

The present invention relates to an electrolysis tank capable of producing a variety of electrolytic water using a porous electrode and a porous electrode.

In general, electrolysis technology using an aqueous sodium chloride solution is an advanced technology based on the Chlor-Alkali process technology. Chlorine gas is produced at the anode and caustic soda and hydrogen at the cathode. Chlorine is produced at the anode (Cl ₂₎ and hypochlorite ions generated by mixing a number of the number of anode cathode (OCl ^-) or and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is mainly used as a disinfectant, about alkaline water produced by the number of the negative electrode is drinking water Low-alkaline water is used as washing water, and recently, it is also used to generate energy sources using hydrogen generated at the cathode through electrolysis of water.

Electrolysis of such an aqueous solution is to produce and use the desired components by the electrochemical reaction in the electrolytic cell consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode. According to the structure, the electrolytic cell can be classified into a membrane-free method in which a cathode and a cathode are simultaneously installed in one chamber and a membrane-type method in which a partition wall separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber is installed.

The non-diaphragm method is generally used as a process for producing sodium hypochlorite by electrolyzing an aqueous sodium chloride solution, and is also used for the production of alkaline water or hydrogen production through hydrolysis.

In the case of the diaphragm type, various types of electrolyzed water are generated and used by mixing the positive water, the negative water, or a predetermined ratio of the two generated water. In particular, it is used to prepare strong acidic or non-acidic hypochlorite water having a pH range excellent in sterilization and disinfection than sodium hypochlorite produced by a non-membrane method, or more powerful hydrogen production and strong alkaline water having excellent washing power. In addition, it is applied to the Chlor-Alkali industry and is applied to various chemical industries through the production of chlorine (Cl ₂ ), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and caustic soda (NaOH).

The use of such a diaphragm type electrolyzer is increasing its frequency of use due to its application, production of various generated water, production of high quality generated water, and realization of high efficiency. However, such a diaphragm method is to install a partition such as an ion exchange membrane or a glass fiber diaphragm between the anode and the cathode in order to distinguish between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, which makes the electrolytic cell structure complicated and the operating voltage rises. Due to the short life of the cell, the replacement cycle of the electrolyzer is shortened.

Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a porous electrode and an electrolytic cell using the same by using a porous electrode without installing a partition wall to solve the problems of the membrane method.

The present invention was conceived in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic porous electrode and an electrolytic cell that can have electrolytic properties of a diaphragm electrolyzer without installing a partition wall using the porous electrode. have.

Electrolysis tank of the present invention for achieving the above object, the electrolysis tank body; It is installed in the electrolysis tank body, and composed of a porous and each of which performs a role of a diaphragm at the same time; and a cathode;

The electrolysis tank body includes: a compartment for performing electrolysis by introducing raw water to be electrolyzed between the anode and the cathode; An anode electrolytic water permeation compartment for transmitting cathode electrolytic water to the other side of the anode to produce anode electrolytic water; And a cathode electrolytic water permeation compartment through which cathode electrolytic water is transmitted to the other side of the cathode to generate cathode electrolytic water.

Here, the positive electrode and the negative electrode has a cylindrical shape, one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is composed of an electrode having a large circumference, another electrode is a electrode having a small circumference is arranged in a plurality of electrodes inside the large columnar electrode It can be configured as.

In addition, the anode and the cathode has a cylindrical shape, one of the anode and the cathode is formed of an electrode having a large circumference, the other electrode is one having a small circumference in a concentric circle inside the electrode having a large circumference And a pair of positive and negative electrodes disposed in the concentric shape, and a plurality of positive and negative electrodes may be provided in the electrolytic cell.

In addition, the positive electrode and the negative electrode has a cylindrical shape, a plurality of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively installed in the electrolysis tank, it may be arranged alternately in the direction crossing the transfer direction of the solution.

In addition, each of the cathode and the anode may be installed to have the same area.

In addition, each of the cathode and the anode may have a tubular shape having a hollow formed penetrating from one end to the other end.

In addition, at least one of the cathode and the anode forms a plurality of pores on a surface thereof, and is preferably a porous electrode formed of a material capable of conducting electricity.

In addition, the anode may be an insoluble anode formed by coating a platinum-based catalyst on a titanium porous material.

In addition, the electrode for electrolysis of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the electrode for electrolysis, is formed with a plurality of pores on the surface, it is characterized in that it is formed of a material capable of electric conduction.

Here, the pore size of the porous electrode is 0.001㎛? It is preferable that it is 50 micrometers.

The porous electrode may include an anode, and the anode may be an insoluble anode formed by coating a platinum-based catalyst on a titanium porous material.

In addition, the porous electrode may have a plate-like, tubular, or hollow form, and the electrolytic cell configured using such an electrode has a structure in which a flat plate is stacked, a thin plate-like electrode is formed in a spiral shape, and a tubular or hollow electrode is formed. It may have a structure arranged in a cylindrical shape.

Here, the inflow source to be electrolyzed is introduced into the inflow passage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a direct current is supplied to both electrodes of the positive electrode and the negative electrode to perform the electrolytic reaction to produce the desired electrolytic water. At this time, through the electrolytic water generated through the pressure-reducing means to one side of the porous electrode to produce the desired electrolytic water of the positive or negative water.

Here, it is composed of a plate-type porous electrode and the incoming source water to be delivered between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the positive electrode flows in and provides a separate compartment on the other side of the porous electrode to pass the electrolytic water through the decompression means to generate the desired electrolytic water. It is desirable to.

In addition, the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be made of a material that can be energized, preferably composed of a porous electrode made of a material such as titanium (Ti), nickel (Li), carbon (C).

The present invention relates to an electrolysis tank using a porous electrode, the porous electrode performs the role of the partition wall at the same time can perform the electrolyte method of the diaphragm without the installation of a separate diaphragm to produce a positive and negative electrolytic water according to the purpose of use can do.

In addition, the structure of the electrolytic cell is simply configured by not installing a separate diaphragm, and the voltage rise due to the diaphragm can be reduced.

In addition, by not using a diaphragm having a shorter lifetime than the electrode, it is possible to increase the durability life of the electrolytic cell and to reduce the cost of replacing the electrolytic cell.

In addition, by using only one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode as a porous electrode can provide an electrolysis device that can selectively generate a positive electrode electrolytic water and a negative electrode electrolytic water, the purpose of configuring the electrolytic cell by varying the quantity or structure of the positive electrode and the negative electrode Electrolyzed water can be selectively generated.

In addition, by using the electrode of the porous material as a cathode and an anode, since the contact area with the solution to be electrolyzed, that is, the electrolysis area can be widened, there is an advantage of improving the electrolysis efficiency.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrolysis tank according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an electrolysis tank according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an electrolysis tank according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an electrolysis tank according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an electrolysis apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, the electrolytic bath 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The anode 21 and the cathode 22 are installed in the electrolytic bath main body 10 by being composed of porous electrodes. Each of the electrodes 21 and 22 serves as a diaphragm at the same time to partition the inside of the electrolysis tank body 10 into a raw water electrolysis unit 11, an anode electrolytic water permeation unit 13, and a cathode electrolytic water permeation unit 12. Done.

When the electrolytic cell 1 is used for the purpose of electrolyzing the sodium chloride aqueous solution, the aqueous sodium chloride solution, which is the inflow water, is introduced into the raw water electrolysis unit 11 of FIG. 1 through the inlet port 11a, and the introduced sodium chloride aqueous solution is introduced. The electrolysis is performed by supplying a DC current to the anode 21 and the cathode 22 to generate electrolytic chlorine (Cl ₂ ), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and oxygen (O ₂ ) in the anode 21. 22) strongly alkaline caustic soda (NaOH) and hydrogen (H ₂ ) are produced. At this time, if the cathode electrolytic water permeation unit 13 and the cathode electrolytic water permeation unit 12 are decompressed using the decompression means, the cathode electrolytic water permeation unit 13 is chlorine (Cl ₂ ) generated by the anodic reaction through the pores of the porous anode 21. Anodic electrolytic water such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and oxygen (O ₂ ) is permeated, and caustic soda (NaOH) and hydrogen (H ₂ ) generated by a cathode reaction through the pores of the porous cathode 22 are passed through the cathode electrolytic water permeation unit 12. Cathodic electrolytic water, such as or the like, is permeated to generate strong acidic water and strong alkaline water, respectively. The remaining sodium chloride aqueous solution after the electrolytic reaction is discharged to the outside through the outlet 11b formed on the other side of the raw water electrolysis unit 11 is recycled or discarded into the inlet source water.

The strong acidic water and the strong alkaline water generated as described above may be combined with the two solutions to prepare sodium hypochlorite water, by varying the quantity or structure of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 or by varying the degree of decompression. The produced water may be mixed to obtain hypochlorous acid water or alkaline washing water at a desired pH. Electrolyzed water production according to the use can be produced in a variety of ways, such as by changing the structure of the electrolytic cell and the operation method according to the purpose of use, and the present patent is not limited to the electrolyzed water.

Referring to the electrolysis tank 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention with reference to Figure 2, the electrolysis tank 100 has a cylindrical shape typically has an electrolytic tube 110; A large columnar porous electrode 120 concentric with the electrolytic tube 110 and a large columnar porous electrode 120 inside the large columnar porous electrode 120. It is provided. At this time, the porous electrode 120 having a large circumference and the plurality of electrodes 130 having a small circumference therein, each of which is used as the cathode if one is the anode. That is, when the large columnar porous electrode 120 is used as an anode, the plurality of electrodes 130 having a small columnar inside become a cathode, and when the large columnar porous electrode 120 is used as a cathode, a large columnar electrode The plurality of electrodes 130 becomes an anode. The polarity of the electrode may vary the polarity of the electrode according to the characteristics of the target product water.

In addition, the electrolytic tube 110, the porous electrode 120 of the large column and the plurality of electrodes 130 of the small column is described as having a cylindrical shape as an example, but this is merely illustrative, non-circular tube structure of various forms Of course it can be formed as.

An example of the electrolysis of an aqueous sodium chloride solution using the electrolysis tank 100 of FIG. 2 will be described as follows. First, in the electrolysis tank, a large columnar porous electrode 120 is used as the cathode, and a plurality of electrodes 130 of the small columnar are used as the anodes. Then, an aqueous sodium chloride solution is introduced into the space between the two electrodes and electrolysis is performed by supplying a DC current to both electrodes. At the same time as the electrolysis is performed, the space between the large columnar negative electrode and the electrolytic tube 110 is decompressed to the cathode electrolytic water permeation part to contain caustic soda (NaOH) and hydrogen (H ₂ ) through the pores of the large columnar porous negative electrode. Cathode electrolytic water can be produced. In addition, a plurality of inner spaces of the anode of the small column is composed of a cathode electrolytic water permeation part to reduce the pressure to generate cathode electrolytic water such as chlorine (Cl ₂ ), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and oxygen (O ₂ ) through the pores of the porous anode.

In addition, the large columnar electrode 120 may be used as the non-porous electrode, and the small columnar electrode 130 may be used as the porous electrode inside the large columnar electrode 120. In this case, when the non-porous electrode 120 of a larger circumference as a cathode and by the porous electrode 130 of the small circumference of an anode for electrolysis of sodium chloride aqueous solution when a reduced pressure to the interior of the small cylindrical porous electrode 130, chlorine (Cl ₂₎ It can generate a strongly acidic electrolytic water containing.

In addition, in the case of electrolytic sodium chloride solution using the large columnar nonporous electrode 120 as the anode and the small columnar porous electrode 130 as the cathode, the caustic soda (NaOH) can be reduced by depressurizing the inside of the small columnar porous electrode 130. Strong alkaline electrolytic water can be generated.

In this case, the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be changed according to the characteristics of the electrolyzed water to be produced, and various generated water may be obtained by changing the quantity of the electrode, the structure, or the degree of reduced pressure, and the method of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Here, at least one or more of the cathode 120 and the anode 130 is preferably formed of a porous material. For example, a material such as titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), or carbon (C) may be used as the porous material.

In addition, when the anode 130 is formed of a porous electrode, it is preferable that the porous anode 130 uses an insoluble anode formed by coating a platinum-based catalyst on a titanium material.

In addition, the pore size of the porous electrode is preferably within 50 μm, more preferably 0.001 μm? It is preferably formed of a porous material having pores in the range of 1 μm.

3A and 3B, an electrolysis tank 200 according to a third embodiment of the present invention includes an electrolytic tube 210 (hereinafter, referred to as an “electrolytic tube”) that forms an outer wall of an electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic tube An electrode 220 having a large circumference in the inside of the 210 and a small columnar electrode 230 forming a concentric circle in the large circumferential electrode 220 are formed. Two electrodes 220 and 230 provided on the concentric circles are arranged in the electrolytic tube 210 to form an electrolysis tank 200.

At this time, if one of the two concentric electrodes 220 and 230 is an anode, the other is configured as a cathode. In other words, when the electrode 220 having a large circumference is a positive electrode, the electrode 230 having a small circumference is composed of a cathode. It will consist of.

Electrolysis of the aqueous sodium chloride solution by the electrolysis tank 200 configured as shown in Figures 3a and 3b is made as follows. First of all, when electrolytically dissolving an aqueous sodium chloride solution using an electrode 220 having an outer large circumference as a cathode and an electrode 230 having an inner small circumference as an anode, the sodium chloride aqueous solution is a raw water between two concentric circular electrodes. It is distributed to the decomposition unit 202, and at this time, a direct current is supplied to the anode and the cathode to perform electrolysis. At the same time as the electrolysis is performed, the pressure is reduced to the inside of the anode 230 having the concentric inner small circumference to generate the strongly acidic electrolytic water containing chlorine (Cl ₂ ) to the anode electrolytic water permeation unit 203 therein. In addition, by reducing the outside of the negative electrode 220 having a large concentric outer circumference with a decompression means, it is possible to generate a strong alkaline electrolytic water including caustic soda (NaOH) to the external cathode electrolytic water permeation unit 201.

In addition, in the configuration of the electrolytic cell, the electrode 220 having the large outer circumference is used as a non-porous electrode, and the electrode 230 having the small circumference therein is used to obtain the desired electrolytic water according to the purpose by using the porous electrode. can do.

4 is an electrolysis tank 300 constructed by a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The electrolysis tank includes an electrolytic tube 310 (hereinafter referred to as an “electrolyte tube”) and a plurality of negative electrodes 320 and positive electrodes 330 which are respectively provided inside the electrolytic tube 310 to form an outer wall of the electrolytic cell.

Although the electrolytic tube 310 is illustrated as being cylindrical in the embodiment of the present invention, this is merely exemplary and various non-cylindrical shapes are possible.

In the interior of the electrolytic tube 310, the negative electrode 320 and the positive electrode 330 are installed in parallel with the conveying direction of the aqueous solution, that is, in parallel with the electrolytic tube, each of which is provided with a plurality. Preferably, the cathode 320 and the anode 330 are installed in the same number.

In addition, the cathode 320 and the anode 330 are preferably electrodes formed of a porous material, and in some cases, only one of the cathode 320 and the anode 330 may be made of a porous material.

The cathode 320 and the anode 330 are formed in a hollow shape having the same circumference. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the cathode 320 and the anode 330 are preferably alternately arranged in plural in a direction crossing the direction A in which the aqueous solution is transferred. Therefore, the aqueous solution flowing through the electrolytic tube 310 can be electrolytically uniformly inside the electrolytic tube 310, thereby generating chlorine in an acidic region on the anode 330 side and causticity of an alkaline region on the cathode 320 side. Soda can now be created.

In addition, the negative electrode 320 and the positive electrode 330 have been described as an example of a hollow tubular shape, but this is merely exemplary, and may be formed in a non-circular hollow shape or a non-circular rod shape.

As described above, the electrolysis tank (100, 200, 300) according to an embodiment of the present invention by supplying a direct current to the negative electrode and the positive electrode while flowing the solution to be electrolyzed into the electrolytic tubes (110, 210, 310) to the positive and negative electrolytic water It can be easily generated without installing a separate diaphragm.

In particular, by performing electrolysis without installing a diaphragm, the configuration of the device is simplified, and the voltage rise due to the diaphragm can be reduced.

In addition, by not using a diaphragm having a shorter lifetime than the electrode, it is possible to increase the durability life of the electrolytic cell and to reduce the cost of replacing the electrolytic cell.

In addition, it is possible to selectively generate the cathode electrolytic water and the cathode electrolytic water through a method of changing the number or structure of the positive electrode and the negative electrode or the selective adoption of the porous material, the degree of decompression.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Rather, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

1,100,200,300 .. Electrolysis tank
21,320..cathode 22,330..anode
110,210,310 .. Electrodes 120,220 .. Large columnar electrodes
130,230 ... small columnar electrodes

Claims (11)

An electrolysis tank body;
It is installed in the electrolysis tank body, and composed of a porous and each of which performs a role of a diaphragm at the same time; and a cathode;
The electrolysis tank body,
A compartment for performing electrolysis by introducing raw water to be electrolyzed between the anode and the cathode;
An anode electrolytic water permeation compartment for transmitting cathode electrolytic water to the other side of the anode to produce anode electrolytic water; And
Electrolytic bath, characterized in that divided into three compartments consisting of; a cathode electrolytic water permeation compartment through which the cathode electrolytic water is transmitted to the other side of the cathode to produce a cathode electrolytic water.
The method of claim 1,
The anode and the cathode has a cylindrical shape,
One of the anode and the cathode consists of an electrode having a large circumference,
Another electrode is an electrode having a small circumference, the electrolytic bath, characterized in that a plurality of arranged inside the electrode of a large column. The method of claim 1,
The anode and the cathode has a cylindrical shape,
One of the anode and the cathode is formed of an electrode having a large circumference,
Another one electrode is formed of one electrode having a small circumference concentrically inside the electrode having a large circumference,
And a pair of positive and negative electrodes arranged concentrically, and a plurality of pairs of positive and negative electrodes are provided in the electrolytic cell.
The method of claim 1,
The anode and the cathode has a cylindrical shape,
A plurality of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively installed in the electrolysis tank, the electrolysis tank, characterized in that arranged alternately in the direction crossing the transport direction of the solution.
The electrolytic bath according to claim 1, wherein each of the cathode and the anode is installed to have the same area.
The electrolytic bath according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein each of the cathode and the anode has a tubular shape having a hollow formed penetrating from one end to the other end.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
At least one of the cathode and the anode is formed with a plurality of pores on the surface, the electrolytic bath, characterized in that the porous electrode formed of a material that is electrically conductive.
The method of claim 7, wherein the anode,
Electrolytic bath characterized in that the insoluble anode formed by coating a platinum-based catalyst on a titanium porous material.
In the electrode for electrolysis
Forming a plurality of pores on the surface, the porous electrode for electrolysis, characterized in that formed of a material capable of electrical conduction. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pore size of the porous electrode is 0.001㎛? Electrolytic porous electrode, characterized in that 50㎛. The method of claim 9, wherein the porous electrode comprises an anode,
The anode is a porous electrode for electrolysis, characterized in that the insoluble anode formed by coating a platinum-based catalyst on a titanium porous material.

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