KR20110054948A - Carbon dioxide capture apparatus with multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger type regenerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A carbon dioxide collecting apparatus with a regenerator in a multi-stepped fluidized bed-based heat exchanger shape is provided to activate a regeneration reaction by uniformly transferring heat to solid absorber introduced in the regenerator. CONSTITUTION: A carbon dioxide collecting apparatus with a regenerator includes a collection reactor(20), a cyclone(40), a regenerator(30), a supplying pipe(50), and an outlet(60). The collection reactor contacts carbon dioxide contained gas with solid absorber in order to selectively absorb carbon dioxide. The cyclone separates the solid absorber absorbed carbon dioxide and gas. The regenerator receives the solid absorber from the cyclone and supplies hot regenerating gas in order to separated absorbed carbon dioxide from the solid absorber. The supplying pipe transfers the solid absorber from the regenerator to the collection reactor. The outlet transfers the regenerated solid absorber from the regenerator and the collection reactor.

Description

Carbon Dioxide Capture Apparatus with Multi-stage Fluidized Bed Heat Exchanger Type Regenerator}

The present invention relates to a CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor in the form of a multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger, and more particularly, the regeneration reactor is partitioned into multiple layers, and each of the partitioned layers is heated with a regeneration gas containing steam. To increase the heat transfer area of the solid absorbent. Therefore, even heat transfer is possible for the total amount of the solid absorbent added to the regeneration reactor, thereby activating the regeneration reaction to increase the regeneration rate, and the upper layer of the regeneration reactor can be used as the reaction area, thereby improving the workability of the regeneration reactor. A CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor in the form of a fluidized bed heat exchanger.

Conventionally, a wet process has been used as a CO ₂ recovery process. That is, a gas containing CO ₂ is passed through an amine-based solution to absorb CO ₂ and regenerated in a regeneration tower. This wet method has a disadvantage in that additional waste water is generated during the process. .

Therefore, a method of recovering CO ₂ by the dry method has been proposed as an alternative to solve the disadvantage of the wet method. The system using the dry method recovers CO ₂ using two reactors. The CO ₂ supplied to the recovery reactor is adsorbed and removed from the solid absorbent (dry absorbent), and the solid absorbent is introduced into the regeneration reactor and adsorbed CO. ₂ is removed and fed back to the recovery reactor.

For example, the CO ₂ recovery apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration supplies a mixed gas containing CO ₂ to the solid absorbent that flows as shown in FIG. 5, and a recovery reactor 2 in which CO ₂ is absorbed into the solid absorbent is performed. ), A cyclone (3) separating the solid absorbent and gas components adsorbed by CO ₂ in the recovery reactor, and a regenerated reactor for separating the CO ₂ after receiving the solid absorbent and feeding the solid absorbent back to the recovery reactor. It consists of (4).

Here, the regeneration reactor charges a solid absorbent in one reactor and heats it to supply regeneration gas or steam to separate the absorbed CO ₂ . Such a regeneration reactor has a longer reaction time than a recovery reactor because it requires a time for heating the introduced solid absorbent to a high temperature. Accordingly, in order to achieve a smooth circulation of the solid absorbent, a large diameter of the regeneration reactor is formed to fill a large amount of the solid absorbent.

The heat transfer to the solid absorbent in such a structure is made by bubbling by supplying a high temperature regeneration gas or steam. When the heat is transferred by the bubbling method, high heat is transmitted only to the solid absorbent on the lower side of the regenerated reactor in which a part of the solid absorbent, especially the regenerated gas, is first introduced, and relatively low heat is transmitted to the upper side.

Thus, CO ₂ separation reaction is performed only in the lower portion of the regeneration reactor actively being upper part there being used as a space comprising a warm-up than the CO ₂ separation reaction have to search for new playback reactor to address them as the refresh rate is degraded in the solid sorbent Do.

The CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor in the form of a multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the present invention,

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device capable of increasing the regeneration rate by promoting a regeneration reaction of the solid absorbent by constructing a multi-layered regeneration reactor and supplying regeneration gas to each layer to evenly transfer heat to the solid absorbents introduced into each layer. do.

CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor in the form of a multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger of the present invention for achieving the above object,

A recovery reactor for selectively absorbing CO ₂ by contacting a CO ₂ containing gas supplied from the outside with a solid absorbent, a cyclone separating the solid absorber absorbed by the CO ₂ of the recovery reactor and a gas, and a solid absorbent from the cyclone. A CO ₂ recovery apparatus comprising a regeneration reactor for supplying and supplying a high temperature regeneration gas to be heated to separate the absorbed CO ₂ , wherein the regeneration reactor includes a plurality of partitions in vertically installed cylinders to form an internal space. A multi-layered regeneration cell is formed, and each regeneration cell is provided with a dispersion plate to form a lower introduction chamber and an upper reaction chamber, and a regeneration gas inlet and a regeneration gas outlet are formed in the lower introduction chamber and the upper reaction chamber of each regeneration cell. In the upper reaction chamber of each regenerated cell, the solid absorbent into which the solid absorbent having undergone the absorption reaction in the recovery reactor is introduced. And such that the inlet and outlet to form a solid absorbent.

As described in detail above, the CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor in the form of a multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger of the present invention,

The regeneration reactor was partitioned into multiple layers, and each of the partitioned layers was heated with a regeneration gas containing steam, thereby increasing the heat transfer area of the solid absorbent. Therefore, even heat transfer is possible with respect to the total amount of the solid absorbent added to the regeneration reactor, thereby activating the regeneration reaction to increase the regeneration rate, and the upper layer of the regeneration reactor can be used as the reaction area, thereby improving the workability of the regeneration reactor. .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a carbon dioxide recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor in the form of a multistage fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the present invention includes a recovery reactor 20 and a regeneration reactor 30.

The recovery reactor 20 is found to be acceptable to the various known forms in addition to or formed in the riser, as shown, to remove absorbed the CO ₂ to the solid sorbent is fluidized by flowing a mixed gas containing CO ₂ The reaction takes place. That is, while supplying high-pressure steam from the lower part of the recovery reactor to fluidize the solid absorbent filled at high speed evenly supplies the moisture to the solid absorbent. When the mixed gas containing CO ₂ is supplied from one side in the above process, the mixed gas introduced into the flowing solid absorbent is contacted to absorb the CO ₂ . Therefore, CO ₂ contained in the mixed gas is absorbed by the solid absorbent to separate from the mixed gas.

The solid absorbent in which the reaction is completed in the recovery reactor 20 is discharged from the upper portion of the recovery reactor, and the discharge material including the solid absorber is supplied to the cyclone 40 to absorb the gas component and CO ₂ from which CO ₂ has been removed. It will separate the absorbent.

The solid absorbent separated by the cyclone 40 is supplied to the regeneration reactor 30 to be heated, and the solid absorbent to be heated reacts to separate the absorbed CO ₂ .

The regeneration reactor 30 partitions the interior space into a plurality of partitions 31 by installing a plurality of partitions 31 therein as a vertically installed cylinder, and each of the partitioned spaces as regeneration cells 32 for each regeneration cell. Allow for a rejuvenation reaction.

The regeneration cell 32 in which the regeneration reaction is performed is provided with a distribution plate 35 therein to partition the internal space into a lower introduction chamber 33 and an upper reaction chamber 34. The upper reaction chamber 34 is a space in which the solid absorbent reacted in the recovery reactor is loaded, and the lower introduction chamber 33 is a space in which hot regeneration gas (steam) is introduced from one side. The regeneration gas inlet 331 is formed in the lower introduction chamber 33, and the regeneration gas outlet 341 is formed in the upper reaction chamber 34 so that the high temperature regeneration gas introduced into the lower introduction chamber passes through the distribution plate. It is supplied uniformly to the upper reaction chamber. The high temperature regenerated gas supplied in this way transfers heat evenly to the loaded solid absorbent so that the heating is performed to promote the CO ₂ separation reaction so that the regeneration reaction is actively performed, and the separated CO ₂ and the regenerated gas are regeneration gas. Discharge is made through the outlet 341. In this configuration, the regeneration gas outlet 341 may be positioned at the upper portion of the upper reaction chamber 34 so that the loaded solid absorbent is introduced to block the regeneration gas outlet so as to prevent gas discharge. In addition, the discharged flow path may be combined into one to discharge the gas, and the cyclone (unsigned) may be further installed on the combined flow path so that only pure gas is discharged and the solid component may be introduced into the regeneration reactor.

In addition, the upper reaction chamber 34 is provided with a solid absorbent inlet 342 and a solid absorbent outlet 343 for introducing a solid absorbent to introduce a solid absorbent absorbing CO ₂ from the recovery reactor 20, or a regeneration reaction is performed. Drain the finished solid absorbent. Here, the solid absorbent inlet 342 communicates with the bottom of the reaction chamber 34 of the regeneration cell 32 so that the solid absorbent introduced therein is first exposed to the regeneration gas passing through the dispersion plate 35, and the solid absorbent outlet ( 343) is located at the upper spaced from the upper surface of the dispersion plate so that the solid absorbent flowing into the lower portion of the upper reaction chamber is moved to the upper portion while bubbling by the regeneration gas is discharged through the solid absorbent outlet (343) To make it happen.

Regeneration reactor (30) having a multi-stage regeneration cell (32) having the above structure receives a solid absorbent in which CO ₂ is absorbed through the supply pipe (50) from the recovery reactor (20).

In the form of supplying the solid absorbent from the recovery reactor 20 to the regeneration reactor 30, the solid absorbent is directly supplied to each of the multi-stage regeneration cells 32, or only the uppermost layer and the solid absorbent of the upper regeneration cell 32 is supplied. May be supplied to an adjacent lower regeneration cell.

1a is a form in which a solid absorbent is directly supplied to a regeneration cell.

As shown in the drawing, the supply pipe 50 has a plurality of branches at the portion for transporting the solid absorbent discharged from the cyclone 40, so that each end of the branched transfer pipe has a solid absorbent inlet of the plurality of regeneration cells 32 ( 342, respectively, to individually supply a solid absorbent. At this time, the solid absorbent inlet portion may be further equipped with an auxiliary means such as an L-valve or a roof chamber to facilitate the inflow of the solid absorbent.

In addition, in the upper reaction chamber 34 of the regeneration cell 32, the discharge pipe 60 is installed in communication with the portion in which the supply pipe 50 is in communication with each other, thereby discharging the solid absorbent having been regenerated from the regeneration reactor 30. Supply to the recovery reactor (20). The discharge pipe 60 communicates with the solid absorbent discharge ports of the respective regeneration cells 32 and is supplied to the recovery reactor after the flow paths are joined as one in the transfer process, and the loop chamber 61 is formed and regenerated before being supplied to the recovery reactor. The gas of the reactor 30 may be blocked from being supplied to the recovery reactor 20 or may be controlled to constantly adjust the supply amount of the solid absorbent. In addition, the exhaust pipe may be further equipped with a heat exchanger 62 to lower the temperature of the solid absorbent.

2 is a form in which the solid absorbent is supplied to the regeneration cell of the uppermost layer through the transfer pipe.

The supply pipe 50 for transporting the solid absorbent in which the CO ₂ is absorbed in the recovery reactor 20 is communicated with the solid absorbent inlet 342 of the uppermost regeneration cell 32 to supply the solid absorbent. In addition, an auxiliary means such as an L-valve or a roof chamber may be installed at a portion of the solid absorbent inlet 342 of the uppermost regeneration cell 32 to facilitate the inflow of the solid absorbent.

The solid absorbent filled in the top layer regeneration cell 32 is supplied to the regeneration cell of the adjacent lower layer through the solid down pipe 36. That is, the transfer of the solid absorbent of the regeneration cell 32 between the upper and lower layers is made by the solid down pipe 36 in which the solid absorbent discharge port 343 of the upper regeneration cell and the solid absorbent inlet 342 of the lower regeneration cell are communicated. The solid down pipe 36 may form an inclination angle greater than the angle of repose as shown in FIG. 2 to prevent the solid absorbent from stagnating in the solid down pipe. In addition, the solid absorbent transferred to the solid down pipe 36, the lower end of the solid down pipe 36 in communication with the solid absorbent inlet 342, as shown in Figure 3 to be easily supplied to the regeneration cell 32 By forming a horizontally formed L-valve can be easily supplied to the regeneration cell by the solid absorbent by the gas injected from one side. In addition, in addition to the illustrated form, a storage space may be formed at the bottom of the solid down pipe so that a predetermined amount of the solid absorbent may be stored to smoothly supply the regeneration cell.

In addition, the lowermost regeneration cell 32 is connected to the discharge pipe 60 in the solid absorbent discharge port (343) so as to pass through each regeneration cell to be sequentially supplied with the solid absorbent recovered to the recovery reactor (20). The discharge pipe 60 may be provided with a roof chamber or a heat exchanger as described above in the embodiment of FIG. 1A.

Meanwhile, the regeneration reactor 30 in the form of the multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger may be formed as an independent object in which each regeneration cell is separated from each other.

As shown in FIG. 4, the regeneration cell 32 has a flange 37 formed on a side thereof, and is firmly fastened and integrated between the upper and lower regeneration cells 32 by a fastening means, and the supply pipe 50 and the discharge pipe 60 are integrated. After communicating, the regeneration reaction may be performed by supplying regeneration gas. Thus, when each regeneration cell 32 is formed in a separate form, there is an advantage that the additional mounting can be easily made as desired depending on the throughput.

The operating state of the CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor 30 in the form of a multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 1A.

When the solid absorbent is supplied with mixed gas and steam containing CO ₂ to the recovery reactor 20 through which the flow is made, the recovery reaction takes place where the CO ₂ is absorbed by the solid absorbent. The solid absorbent having the absorption of CO ₂ is supplied to the cyclone 40 through the upper part of the recovery reactor, in which the gas component and the solid component are separated. The solid absorbent, which is the separated solid component, is branched through the supply pipe 50 and supplied to each regeneration cell 32 of the regeneration reactor 30.

Each regeneration cell 32 of the regeneration reactor 30 is supplied with the regeneration gas into the lower introduction chamber 33 and supplied to the upper reaction chamber 34 through the distribution plate 35, and the supplied regeneration gas is the upper reaction. The solid absorbent in chamber 34 is heated to separate CO ₂ . Since each of the regenerated cells 32 has a small thickness of the solid absorbents loaded thereon, it is located near the dispersion plate 35 so that the CO ₂ separation is performed as a whole. Can be shortened. In addition, the plurality of regenerated cells 32 are stacked to transfer heat to adjacent regenerated cells through the outer wall, thereby minimizing heat loss.

The CO ₂ and the regeneration gas separated by the regeneration reaction are discharged through the regeneration gas outlet 341, and the solid absorbent having the regeneration reaction is discharged through the solid absorbent discharge 343. The discharge pipe 60 for transporting the discharged solid absorbent is joined to one flow path and then supplied to the recovery reactor 20. Therefore, the solid absorbent reacts while continuously circulating the recovery reactor 20 and the regeneration reactor 30.

Figures 1a and 1b is an enlarged view of the process and main parts showing the CO ₂ recovery apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic view showing a regeneration reactor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing a regeneration reactor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic view showing a regeneration reactor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a process diagram showing a conventional CO ₂ recovery apparatus.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: CO ₂ recovery device

20: recovery reactor

30: regeneration reactor

31: bulkhead 32: regeneration cell 33: introduction chamber

34 reaction chamber 35 dispersion plate 36 solid down pipe

37: flange

331: regeneration gas inlet 341: regeneration gas outlet

342: solid absorbent inlet 343: solid absorbent outlet

40: cyclone

50 supply pipe

60: discharge pipe

61 roof chamber 62 heat exchanger

Claims (6)

A recovery reactor 20 for selectively absorbing CO ₂ by contacting a CO ₂ containing gas supplied from the outside with a solid absorbent, a cyclone 40 separating the solid absorber and gas absorbed by the CO ₂ of the recovery reactor; A regeneration reactor 30 which receives the solid absorbent from the cyclone and supplies high temperature regeneration gas to be heated to separate the absorbed CO ₂ , and a supply pipe 50 which transfers the solid absorber of the recovery reactor to the regeneration reactor; In the CO ₂ recovery apparatus comprising a discharge pipe 60 for transferring the solid absorbent regenerated in the regeneration reactor to a recovery reactor, The regeneration reactor 30, A plurality of partition walls 31 are installed in vertically installed cylinders to form an inner space into a multi-layered regeneration cell 32, and each of the regenerated cells 32 is provided with a distribution plate 35 to form a lower introduction chamber 33. And the reaction chamber 34 at the top, In the lower introduction chamber and the upper reaction chamber of each regeneration cell, a regeneration gas inlet 331 and a regeneration gas outlet 341 are formed. In the upper reaction chamber of each regeneration cell, a solid absorbent inlet 342 and a solid absorbent outlet 343 into which a solid absorbent in which the absorption reaction is made in the recovery reactor flows are formed. CO ₂ recovery device having. The method of claim 1, The solid absorbent inlet 342 of the regeneration cell 32 is installed in communication with the bottom of the reaction chamber, the solid absorbent outlet 343 is multistage characterized in that the communication is installed in the upper spaced apart from the surface of the distribution plate (35). CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor in the form of a fluidized bed heat exchanger. The method of claim 1, The supply pipe 50 branches into a plurality of portions for supplying the solid absorbent from which gaseous components have been removed from the cyclone 40 to the regeneration reactor 30, and each of the branched supply pipes has a multi-layered structure of each regeneration cell 32. In communication with the solid absorbent inlet 342, the solid absorbent is supplied to the reaction chamber 34 of the regeneration cell, The solid absorbents regenerated in each of the regenerated cells 32 are discharged into the discharge pipes 60 connected to each of the solid absorbents discharge ports 343, and the discharge pipes 60 are combined into one to recover the regenerated solid absorbers. CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor of the multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger type, characterized in that configured to be supplied to. The method of claim 1, In the regeneration reactor 30, the solid absorbent inlet 342 of the regeneration cell 32 of the uppermost layer is connected to the supply pipe 50 so as to receive the solid absorbent from which the gas component is removed from the cyclone 40. Between the upper and lower regeneration cell 32 is provided with a solid down pipe 36 for communicating the solid absorbent outlet 343 of the upper regeneration cell and the solid absorber inlet 342 of the lower regeneration cell, adjacent to the solid absorber of the upper regeneration cell Supply to the reaction chamber of the lower regeneration cell to perform the regeneration reaction, In the bottom regeneration cell, the discharge pipe 60 is connected to the solid absorbent outlet 343 so that the sequentially regenerated solid absorbent is supplied to the recovery reactor, thereby recovering CO ₂ having a regeneration reactor in the form of a multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger. Device. The method of claim 4, wherein The solid down pipe 36 is a CO having a regeneration reactor in the form of a multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger characterized in that the solid absorbent inlet 342 portion of the regeneration cell is formed as an L-valve to facilitate the inflow of the solid absorbent. ₂ recovery unit. The method of claim 1, Each regeneration cell 32 is a CO ₂ recovery apparatus having a regeneration reactor in the form of a multi-stage fluidized bed heat exchanger, characterized in that formed as separate objects separated from each other.

Images