KR20110047741A - Detailed design scheme for reduction method of stack effect at vertical shaft in high-rise building by supply and exhaust of air in vertical shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A design scheme for reducing stack effect at a vertical path in a high-rise building is provided to minimize stack effect at a vertical path in the winter season. CONSTITUTION: Air is supplied to the lower layer of a vertical path(82) and is discharged from its upper layer. Air discharged from the exhaust grill(70) of the upper layer is supplied to the supply grill(80) of the lower layer through a ventilator(55) and a duct(72), and thus stack effect in a high-rise building is reduced through the air circulation between the lower and upper layers. Pressure of the highest staircase(10) of the high-rise building is quantitatively designed using inner temperature, outer temperature, and the air volume and coefficient of the ventilator.

Description

DESIGNED DESIGN SCHEME FOR REDUCTION METHOD OF STACK EFFECT AT VERTICAL SHAFT IN HIGH-RISE BUILDING BY SUPPLY AND EXHAUST OF AIR IN VERTICAL SHAFT }

The present invention relates to a method for reducing the stack effect caused by the indoor and outdoor temperature difference of the winter in the vertical passage of the high-rise building, more specifically, the pressure in the stairs of the upper floor of the high-rise building, the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature, the blower air volume and Simulation using coefficients and quantitative design, and by circulating the air in the building through the stack effect reduction device in the vertical passage of the high-rise building to match the design pressure to prevent the deterioration of the indoor environment during the winter season, The present invention relates to a design method for reducing stack effect in a vertical passage of a high-rise building by supplying and exhausting air in a vertical aisle to effectively manage a high-rise building by effectively preventing door or elevator malfunction and energy loss. .

In general, as the city is being advanced or integrated, the height of buildings is rapidly increasing. As the building becomes taller, the stack effect is generated centering on vertical passages such as staircases and elevator shafts, which affects many phenomena in high-rise buildings such as deterioration of indoor environment, smoke and evacuation in case of fire, malfunction of door or elevator, and energy loss. It is becoming.

Especially, in the winter, when the outdoor temperature is low, in the staircases and elevator shafts having vertical path shapes such as chimneys, rising air flows from the lower part of the vertical path to the upper part due to the stack effect caused by the temperature difference between the outdoor and the indoor. That is, as the air in the vertical passage, which is higher in temperature than the outdoor air, rises upward, the pressure in the vertical passage lower part decreases and the pressure in the vertical passage high rise part increases.

Therefore, air penetrates from the lower part of the living room to the staircase and the living room. Due to these phenomena, first, the introduction of unwanted outdoor air in the lower floor and the loss of energy due to the leakage of indoor air in the upper floor, second, causing discomfort caused by the inflow of outdoor air, third, noise generated when the door and elevator are leaking, In particular, problems such as difficulty in opening the evacuation door due to an increase in pressure difference between the evacuation doors occur.

For this purpose, the proposer of the present invention measured the pressure field formed by the stack effect in the high-rise building (1) of the 31st floor in Korea during the winter when the stack effect is large, the living room (30), the attached room (20) and the staircase ( The room pressure in 10) was measured and analyzed. As shown in FIG. 1A, the pressure sensor 12 was installed at a predetermined interval from the lower floor to the higher floor of the evacuation stair 10 for the high-rise building 1 of the 31st floor. Pressure was also measured at the same time in the attached room (Lobby) (20) and living room (Accommodation) (30) connected to the evacuation stairs (10).

Experimental conditions are as follows: the evacuation doors of the entire floor are closed (case 1), the evacuation doors of the first floor evacuation staircase 10 and the accessory room 20 are open (case 2), and the first and 31st floors. The pressure change at each measurement position was measured in the evacuation staircase 10 and the accessory room 20 in the evacuation stairs (opened in the case 3).

Experimental conditions case Evacuation door opening and shutting condition Case 1  -Close all evacuation doors Case 2 -Open the evacuation door on the first floor.
-Evacuation doors on all floors except the first floor are closed. Case 3 Opened evacuation doors on the 1st and 31st floors.
-Evacuation doors on all floors except the 1st and 31st floors
close.

When the evacuation doors of the evacuation stair chamber 10 and the accessory chamber 20 are opened as in the case 2 and the case 3, an air flow path is formed between the stair chamber 10 and the exterior of the stair chamber 10, Accordingly, the air flows toward the stairs 10 or the air is discharged from the stairs 10 to the outside of the stairs 10.

FIG. 1B shows the air flow according to the opening of the evacuation door for the case 3. The experiment was carried out at the end of January, and the outside air temperature was measured at 7 ℃ at the time of the experiment.

FIG. 2A is a test result of case 1, i.e., when all evacuation doors are closed, X-axis represents measurement time, and Y-axis represents room pressure fluctuation value at each pressure sensor 12 position according to measurement time. have.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the pressure value at each position is maintained at a constant level without large fluctuations, and as the pressure rises from the lower floor to the higher floor, the atmospheric pressure in the evacuation stairs 10 may be lowered. In case 1, the pressure is formed in the order of "evacuation stair chamber 10 pressure <accessory room 20 pressure <living room 30 pressure" in the lower floor on the third floor, and "evacuation stair chamber 10 pressure> in the high floor 30 floor. The room pressure is formed in the size of the attached room 20 pressure> the living room 30 pressure.

From the measurement result, the air flow is formed from the living room 30 to the evacuation staircase 10 at the lower floor under the influence of the stack effect in the evacuation staircase 10, and the air rises to the higher floor and is attached to the evacuation stairs 10 at the high floor. It can be seen that the flow is formed in (20) and in the living room (30) from the attached room (20).

In the target building 1, a pressure of about 23 Pa is applied to the evacuation doors of the evacuation stairs 10 and the accessory room 20 on the 30th floor due to the stack effect while the evacuation doors are completely closed.

Figure 2b shows the pressure distribution over time while changing from the case 1 to the experimental conditions of the case 2. That is, at about 1,350 seconds, the pressure changes at each position are shown while opening two evacuation doors connecting the living room 30 and the evacuation stairs 10 on the first floor. As shown in Figure 2b it can be seen that the pressure in each floor of the evacuation staircase 10 is rising while opening the door.

This is determined to increase the pressure in the evacuation staircase 10 as the air in the living room 30 enters the evacuation staircase 10 as the evacuation door of the first floor is opened and the introduced air rises. As a result, the pressure on the evacuation door connecting the evacuation stairs 10 and the accessory room 20 is greatly increased in the thirty-high floor, causing the phenomenon that the opening of the evacuation door becomes more difficult.

Figure 2c shows the pressure change at each position as the experimental conditions change from case 2 to case 3. When the evacuation door on the 1st floor is opened, the trend of the pressure value changing while additionally opening the evacuation door on the 31st floor is as follows. The pressure of the evacuation staircase 10 is lowered by opening the evacuation door on the 31st floor, and the descending width increases as the upper floor is raised. As a result, the pressure in the evacuation staircase 10 on the 30th floor is lower than that of the case 1, that is, when the evacuation doors on the entire floor are closed, and the pressure difference between the evacuation stairs 10 and the accessory room 20 on the 31st floor is also smaller. Lose. That is, as the air introduced from the first floor flows out into the 31st floor, the pressure in the evacuation stairs 10 decreases.

FIG. 2D shows fluctuation values of the pressure difference between the evacuation stairs 10 and the accessory room 20, the accessory room 20, and the living room 30 on the 3rd and 30th floors while the experimental conditions are changed to the case 1, the case 2, and the case 3. have. As described above, when the evacuation doors of all floors are closed, a pressure of about 21 Pa is applied to the evacuation doors in the direction of the evacuation stairs 10 from the attached room 20 on the third floor and the evacuation stairs room 10 on the 30th floor. The pressure of about 23 Pa in the direction of the accessory room 20, and about 27 Pa in the direction of the living room 30 in the accessory room 20 acts. And when only the evacuation door on the first floor is opened, the stack effect is increased in the upper floor, and the pressure acting in the direction of the accessory chamber 20 in the evacuation staircase 10 on the 30th floor is rising from about 23 Pa to about 38 Pa.

On the other hand, in addition to opening the evacuation door on the first floor, the effect of the stack decreases as the evacuation door is opened on the 31st floor, and the pressure acting in the direction of the attached room 20 from the evacuation staircase 10 on the 30th floor drops greatly from about 38 Pa to about 7 Pa. On the third floor, a pressure of about 12 Pa acts on the evacuation door in the direction of the evacuation stairs 10 from the attached room 20.

It should be noted that the above experiment results show that the stack effect in the evacuation staircase 10 is greatly reduced when the evacuation doors of the first floor and the 31st floor are open compared to the case where the evacuation doors are all closed. That is, when the evacuation doors on the 1st and 31st floors are opened, when the evacuation doors are all closed, the difference between the stairs room 10 pressure and the accessory room 20 pressure (s7-s8) at 23 Pa is 23 Pa. In the lower floor, the third floor was reduced to 7 Pa, and the difference between the pressure of the stair chamber 10 and the accessory room 20 (s1-s2) was reduced from -21 Pa to -12 Pa.

In this way, if the air flows from the lower part and the air is exhausted from the lower part by generating the flow of air from the lower part and the higher part of the evacuation staircase 10, the stack effect in the high-rise building 1 can be expected to be greatly resolved. .

Thus, the following examination was made from the measurement experiment about the pressure field formed by the stack effect in the high-rise building (1). Due to the effect of the stack effect in winter, the lower floor of the building 1 is formed with the pressure of "evacuation stairs 10 pressure <accessory room 20 pressure <living room 30 pressure", and the high floor is "evacuation stairs 10 pressure". > Room pressure is formed in the size of the attached room 20 pressure> the living room 30 pressure ". In the experimental condition, the pressure of about 23 Pa is applied from the evacuation stair chamber 10 toward the accessory chamber 20 in the case of the 30th floor due to the stack effect.

At this time, when the evacuation doors on the first floor and the 31st floor are opened and air is introduced from the lower floor of the staircase room 10 and the air flows out from the high floor, the stack effect is greatly reduced. 20) the pressure difference is reduced to about 7 Pa.

Therefore, a system is provided for supplying air from the lower floor and exhausting air from the upper floor with respect to the vertical passage 82 such as the staircase 10 of the high-rise building 1 and the elevator shaft. The real pressure difference caused by the effect will be greatly reduced. To this end, a method of supplying outdoor air to the lower floor of the vertical passage 82 and discharging the high-level air of the vertical passage 82 to the outside may be used.

However, in this method, low temperature outside air flows into the building 1, and indoor air that is air-conditioned by the heating system is discharged to the outside, so energy of the building 1 is lost. Can fall below the baseline.

Thus, a circulating system in which the air exhausted from the upper part is supplied from the lower part may alternatively be presented.

In the conventional patent application No. 10-2008-0059487 filed by the proposer of the present invention "method and apparatus for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of air in the vertical passage" based on the above concept In order to reduce the stack effect in the high-rise building (1), a method of supplying air from the lower floor of the vertical passage 82, such as the staircase 10 and the elevator shaft, has been proposed. Among them, the method and apparatus for reducing the circulating stack effect are as follows.

That is, as shown in Figure 3, the stack effect reduction device 50 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building is composed of a blower 55, vertical wind 60, exhaust grill 70 and the air supply grill 80 is a staircase ( 10) It is structured to supply air to the lower floor of the vertical passage 82 such as an elevator shaft and to exhaust the air of the higher floor.

In other words, Patent Application No. 10-2008-0059487 "Method and device for reducing stack effect in vertical passage of high-rise building through air supply and exhaust of air in vertical passage" refers to the stairs of the staircase 10 and the vertical passage 82 of the elevator shaft. Exhaust grill 70 installed in the air supply, an air supply grill 80 installed in the lower floor of the vertical passage 82, a blower 55 for reducing the stack effect installed in the machine room of the roof or basement floor, and the stack effect connecting the high floor and the lower floor. It is composed of a vertical wind-up 60 for reduction.

In the conventional stack effect reduction device 50 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building, the blower 55 is operated at the time when the stack effect occurs, such as winter, and the damper (not shown) is opened to open the exhaust grill 70 of the high-rise section. → air duct 72 → blower 55 → vertical air blast 60 → air supply grill 80 → vertical passage 82 → exhaust grill 70 to allow air to circulate in the high-rise building 1 To reduce the stack effect.

However, in order to apply the stack effect reduction device 50 in the conventional vertical high-rise building passage as described above, the design factors such as the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, the height of the building (1), and the air blower (55) are considered. It is necessary to present a quantitative design method for the stack effect reduction effect in the vertical passage 82.

The present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, the purpose is to prevent the deterioration of the indoor environment of the high-rise buildings in the winter by minimizing the stack effect in the high-rise building in winter, easy to smoke and evacuate in case of fire It provides a design method for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage to effectively manage the high-rise buildings by effectively preventing malfunctions, doors or elevator malfunction and energy loss.

Another object of the present invention is to propose a method and apparatus for reducing stack effect in a vertical passage of a high-rise building through air supply and exhaust of air in a vertical passage, which is proposed in Patent Application No. 10-2008-0059487. In the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust in the vertical passage to quantitatively and accurately design the method of reducing the stack effect through the air supply and exhaust for the vertical passage in the high-rise building where the stack effect occurs. It is to provide a design method for reducing the stack effect.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, the air supply to the lower floor of the vertical passage of the high-rise building, the air is exhausted from the high-rise portion, the air exhausted from the exhaust grill of the high-rise portion of the lower floor air supply grill through the blower and the duct In order to reduce the stack effect in the high-rise building through the air circulation between the low-rise and the high-rise, the pressure in the upper staircase room of the high-rise building is expressed by the following equation (8) using the indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, blower air volume and coefficient. It provides a design method for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust in the vertical passage to quantitatively design.

식(8)

Formula (8)

Where P _h is the pressure in the staircase of the top floor, g is the acceleration of gravity (9.81 m / s ² ), h _h is the height of the top floor (m), h _npl is the height of the neutral _zone (m), and ρ _i is the indoor air density ( kg / m ³ ), T _i is the indoor temperature (K), T _o is the outdoor temperature (K), Q _f is the blower air flow rate (m ³ / s), and C to be.

In the present invention, the coefficient C₁ has a correspondence relationship between the outdoor temperature T _o and the two-dimensional function with respect to the room temperature T _i given constant in Equation (8), as shown in Equation (9) below. It provides a design method for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust in the vertical passage to design.

식(9)

Formula (9)

Here, A ₀ , A ₁ , and A ₂ are constants, respectively.

In addition, the present invention is preferably the height (h _h ) of the top layer, the height of the neutral _zone (h _npl ), the room temperature (T _i ), the outdoor temperature (T _o ) that factors factors that determine the stack effect of the high-rise building If constant) is given, the coefficient C₁ becomes constant in Equation (8), and under these conditions, the pressure (P _h ) in the upper staircase room as shown in Equation (10) below is reduced. It provides a design method for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage that is designed to adjust to the change in the blower air volume (Q _f ) of the device.

식(10)

Equation (10)

However, where the height (h _h), one neutral height (h _npl), room temperature (T _i), outside temperature (T _o) of the uppermost layer is a constant given conditions.

According to the present invention, the pressure in the stairwell of the top floor of the building is applied to gravity acceleration, the height of the top floor, the height of the neutral zone, the indoor air density, the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature, and the stack in the vertical passage of the high-rise building. A method of reducing the stack effect in a vertical passage of a high-rise building by supplying and exhausting air in a vertical passage is proposed in Patent Application No. 10-2008-0059487. And device "to minimize air stack effect in vertical passages in winter by circulating air in high rise buildings.

Therefore, the present invention prevents the deterioration of the indoor environment of the high-rise building in winter, it is easy to smoke and evacuate in case of fire, and effectively prevent the door or elevator malfunction and energy loss, it is possible to effectively manage the high-rise building is obtained. .

In addition, the method and apparatus for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building proposed by the present inventors are actually applied to the high-rise building, and are effectively used to reduce the stack effect through the air supply and exhaust for the vertical passage in the high-rise building. It can be effectively obtained.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The theoretical pressure difference due to the stack effect in the high-rise building (1) can be calculated by the following equation (1).

식(1)

Formula (1)

In Equation (1), δP _S is the indoor and outdoor pressure difference (Pa) at the same height due to the stack effect, h is the height of the target layer (m), h _npl is the height (m) of the neutral zone (N), ρ _i Indoor air density (kg / m ³ ), T _i represents the room temperature (K), and T _o represents the outdoor temperature (K).

The simplest model of the stack effect in such a high-rise building (1) is a form in which there is no compartment in the interior of the building (1), and openings of the same area exist on the uppermost floor (5a) and the lowermost floor (5b), as shown in FIG. . In FIG. 4A, P _i represents the pressure in the room and P _o indicates the pressure in the outside.

When the air inside is hotter than the outside, such as in winter, the density of the inside air is lower than the outside air, making it lighter and rising in the building 1 to flow out through the opening of the top floor 5a. On the other hand, cold external air is introduced into the room through the opening of the lowest layer (5b).

Thus, the stack effect is the cause of the pressure difference that generates the flow through the opening. Since the airflow flows from a high place to a low place, the external pressure is higher than the internal pressure in the lowermost layer 5b and vice versa in the uppermost layer 5a.

In the building 1 shown in Fig. 4A, since the upper and lower openings have the same size and the frictional resistance is the same, the absolute value of the pressure difference between the uppermost floor 5a and the lowermost floor 5b is the same. In FIG. 4A, the solid line is absolute pressure, and no pressure difference occurs in the neutral zone N. FIG. The pressure difference between the outside and inside of each layer acts on the outer wall.

However, in the actual building 1, as shown in Figure 4b, there are partitions such as living room 30, annex 20, and vertical passage 82 inside each floor, and windows are provided on the outer walls of each floor. In such an environment, outside air flows through an opening of an outer wall such as a window of a lower floor, and moves through a gap between compartments and an interlayer, or forms an upper air flow through a vertical passage 82.

In the high floor of the building 1, the air moved from the lower floor flows out through the gap between the compartments and the opening of the outer wall.

4B shows a conceptual diagram of the pressure field formation in each layer and the intra-bed compartment.

In FIG. 4B, P _o denotes the outdoor pressure, P _{accommodation} denotes the pressure of the living room 30, P _lobby denotes the pressure of the auxiliary room 20, and P _shaft denotes the pressure of the vertical passage 82, respectively. The total pressure difference δP _S generated by the stack effect in each layer is the same as that in FIG. 4A.

However, the total pressure difference is formed by being distributed on the outer wall, the partition boundary and the wall of the vertical passageway 82. Therefore, compared to the case where there is no compartment in the building 1 and there is no resistance to air flow, the presence of the compartment reduces the pressure difference acting on the exterior wall of the building 1.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the stack effect is reduced in the vertical passage of the high-rise building targeting the 20-story high-rise building 1 composed of the staircase chamber 10, the accessory room 20, and the living room 30, which are vertical passages 82. When the apparatus 50 was operated, the change of the pressure formed in the staircase chamber 10 was considered according to factors, such as an indoor / outdoor temperature and a blower air volume.

The patent application 10-2008-0059487, which is proposed by the present inventor and shown in Fig. 5, "Method and apparatus for reducing stack effect in vertical passage of high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of air in the vertical passage" is a high-rise building (1 And an air supply grill 80 for supplying air to a lower portion of the vertical passage 82 of the vertical passage 82, and an exhaust grill 70 for exhausting air from the upper portion of the vertical passage 82. Then, from the exhaust grill 70 to the supply grill 80 through the vertical wind 60 and the vertical wind 60 installed in the cavity 25 so as to connect the air supply grill 80 and the exhaust grill 70. It is a structure including a blower 55 for supplying air.

The stack effect reduction device 50 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage is to supply air to the lower floor of the vertical passage 82 of the high-rise building 1, and to exhaust the air from the high-rise part. In addition, the air discharged from the high-rise portion is supplied to the low-rise portion through the blower 55 and the duct 72 to reduce the stack effect in the high-rise building 1 through the air circulation between the low-rise portion and the high-rise portion.

In FIG. 5, T _i denotes an indoor temperature, T _o denotes an outdoor temperature, and Q _f denotes a blower air volume of the stack effect reducing device 50 in the vertical passage of a high-rise building.

The analysis method used the CONTAMW2.4 program developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the US, which is a building ventilation analysis program based on the network model.

Analytical conditions set the room temperature (T _i ) to 20 ° C and the outdoor temperature (T _o ) to -20 ° C (253 K), -10 ° C (263 K), 0 ° C (273 K), and 10 ° C (283). K) to change the indoor and outdoor temperature difference. For each indoor / outdoor temperature difference, the blower air flow rate (Q _f ) of the stack effect reduction device (50) in the vertical passage of the high-rise building varies from 0.0 m ³ / s to 5.0 m ³ / s. The resulting pressure was derived. The pressure P _20F in the 20-story staircase 10 means the pressure difference with respect to the outdoor pressure at the same height.

Table 2 below shows the results of the analysis and the graphs are as shown in FIG. 6.

Simulation results for the building under analysis Outdoor temperature
(T _o , K) Room temperature
(T _i , K) Air flow
(O _f , m ³ / s) 20th floor staircase
pressure
(P _20F , Pa) Remarks 253











293








0 52.97 253 One 50.54 253 2 45.15 253 3 36.89 253 4 25.89 253 5 12.38 263 0 37.78 263 One 35.53 263 2 30.36 263 3 22.39 263 4 11.81 263 5 -0.68 273 0 23.94 273 One 21.88 273 2 16.96 273 3 9.36 273 4 -0.38 273 5 -11.03 283 0 11.39 283 One 9.55 283 2 4.95 283 3 -1.53 283 4 -10.52 283 5 -22.28

As can be seen in FIG. 6, the smaller the indoor / outdoor temperature difference is, the lower the pressure in the 20-floor staircase 10 is, and as the blower air volume increases, the pressure P _20F in the 20-floor staircase 10 also decreases.

That is, as the indoor and outdoor temperature decreases, the stack effect in the building 1 decreases, and as the blower air volume of the stack effect reduction device 50 increases in the vertical passage of the high-rise building, the reduction ability for the stack effect increases.

In FIG. 6, the pressure P _20F in the 20-story staircase 10 decreases in the form of a two-dimensional curve with the increase in the blower air volume, and it can be seen that it is influenced by the increase in the indoor and outdoor temperature differences. The pressure P _20F in the 20-story staircase 10 can be calculated by the following equation (2).

식(2)

Equation (2)

ΔP _S in Equation (2) is the pressure difference (Pa) generated by the stack effect as shown in Formula (1), Q _f is the blower air volume (m) of the stack effect reduction device 50 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building (m) ³ / s), T _i and T _o are the room temperature (K) and the outdoor temperature (K), respectively. Is the coefficient.

In addition, in the second term on the right side of Equation (2), the remaining equation except for C₁ is referred to as P _f as in Equation (3).

식(3)

Equation (3)

Then Equation (2) can be summarized as Equation (4) and can be further simplified by Equations (5) and (6).

식(4)

Formula (4)

식(5)

Formula (5)

식(6)

Formula (6)

The relationship of Equation (6) is shown as a graph using the values obtained in Table 2 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, since P _y and P _f correspond linearly, C ₁ can be determined as a constant. In FIG. 7, C₁ corresponding to the outdoor temperature T _o is obtained by curve fitting as shown in Table 3 below.

C₁ corresponding to outdoor temperature Outdoor temperature
(T _o , K) Room temperature
(T _i , K) C₁ Remarks 253
293

10.02 263 13.20 273 18.71 283 37.20

On the other hand, when the indoor temperature is given as shown in Table 3, the correspondence of C₁ with respect to the outdoor temperature (T _o ) as shown in the graph as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, C₁ and the outdoor temperature (T _o ) have a two-dimensional relationship, and when expressed quantitatively, Equation 7 is obtained.

C₁ = 20.305 + 1.253T _o + 0.038T _o ² Equation (7)

In the present invention, when the stack effect is caused by the indoor and outdoor temperature difference for the high-rise building 1 composed of the staircase room 10, the accessory room 20, and the living room 30, which are vertical passages 82, as shown in FIG. Design factors such as the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, the height of the building 1, and the air volume of the blower for reducing the stack effect in the passage 82 are as follows.

The pressure in the uppermost staircase chamber 10, which is reduced and formed by the operation of the stack effect reduction device 50 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building 1, is determined by using the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature, the blower air volume, and the coefficient. When simulated and quantitatively displayed, it is obtained as in Equation (8).

식(8)

Formula (8)

Where P _h is the pressure in the top staircase room 10, g is the acceleration of gravity (9.81 m / s ² ), h _h is the height of the top floor (m), h _npl is the height of the neutral _zone (m), and ρ _i is the room Air density (kg / m ³ ), T _i is the indoor temperature (K), T _o is the outdoor temperature (K), and Q _f is the blower air volume of the stack effect reduction device (50) in the vertical passage of the high-rise building (m ³ / s), C is the coefficient.

The equation coefficients C₁ (8) is with respect to the temperature (T _i) having a given interior predetermined correspondence between the two-dimensional function, outdoor temperature (T _o) and is expressed as equation (9) below.

식(9)

Formula (9)

Here, A ₀ , A ₁ , and A ₂ are constants, respectively.

And given the design factors that determine the stack effect, the height of the top floor (h _h ), the height of the neutral _zone (h _npl ), the room temperature (T _i ), and the outdoor temperature (T _o ) are constant, C₁ becomes a constant, and under such conditions, the pressure P _h in the uppermost staircase room 10 as shown in the following equation (10) is applied to the blower air volume Q of the stack effect reduction device 50 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building. It is preferable to adjust by the change of _f ).

식(10)

Equation (10)

However, where the height (h _h), one neutral height (h _npl), room temperature (T _i), outside temperature (T _o) of the uppermost layer is a constant given conditions.

As described above, the present invention is the gravity acceleration, the height of the top floor, the height of the neutral zone, the indoor air density, the room temperature against the high-rise building (1) in which the stack effect occurs in winter. By using the blower air flow rate and the coefficient of the stack effect reduction device 50 in the outdoor passage, the vertical passage of the high-rise building can be quantitatively and accurately designed. In this case, the coefficient C₁ used above is represented by the outdoor temperature T _o having a corresponding relation of two-dimensional function with respect to a given indoor temperature T _i , and the pressure P _h in the uppermost staircase room 10. It is possible to adjust the change in the blower air flow rate Q _f of the stack effect reducing device 50 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building.

 As described above, the present invention uses the method and apparatus for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of a high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage proposed in the patent application No. 10-2008-0059487 proposed by the present inventor. By circulating the appropriate amount of air in the high-rise building (1), it is possible to minimize the stack effect in the vertical passage (82) during the winter, and consequently to prevent the deterioration of the indoor environment of the high-rise building (1) during the winter, and to prevent smoke and evacuation in case of fire. It is easy to effectively prevent the door or elevator malfunction and energy loss, it is possible to effectively manage the high-rise building (1).

An embodiment of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical idea of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is limited only by the matters described in the claims, and those skilled in the art can change and change the technical idea of the present invention in various forms. Accordingly, such improvements and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as long as they are obvious to those skilled in the art.

Figure 1a is a schematic view of the target high-rise building and pressure sensor installation in the experiment conducted in the present invention.

Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the air flow when the evacuation door opening in the experiment carried out in the present invention.

Figure 2a is a graph showing the pressure measurement value under the experimental conditions of CASE1 in the experiment conducted in the present invention.

Figure 2b is a graph showing the measured value of each pressure when the experimental conditions change from CASE1 to CASE2 in the experiment carried out in the present invention.

Figure 2c is a graph showing the measured value of each pressure when the experimental conditions change from CASE2 to CASE3 in the experiment carried out in the present invention.

Figure 2d is a graph showing the fluctuation of the pressure difference between the three floors and 30 floors according to the experimental conditions in the experiment carried out in the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the stack effect reduction device in a vertical passage of a high-rise building to which the present invention is applied.

Figure 4a is an explanatory view showing a pressure forming model for the stack effect in a building without a compartment inside.

Figure 4b is an explanatory diagram showing a pressure forming model for the stack effect in a building having a compartment therein.

5 is a schematic diagram showing an analysis target building equipped with a stack effect reducing device in a vertical passage of a high-rise building to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating a change in pressure in a 20-story staircase according to an outdoor temperature and an air blowing amount in a simulation result of an analysis target building in an experiment conducted in the present invention.

7 is a graph showing a straight line by simplifying the pressure change in the 20-story staircase according to the simulation results for the building to be analyzed in the experiment conducted in the present invention according to the outdoor temperature and the blowing amount.

8 is a graph showing the correspondence of coefficients with respect to the outdoor temperature when the indoor temperature is given in the experiment conducted in the present invention.

Description of the Related Art

1 ...... Skyscrapers 5a ..... Top floor

5b ...... lowest floor 10 ...... stair room

12 ..... Pressure sensor 20 ..... Lobby

25 ..... Common District 30 ..... Accommodation

50 ..... Reduction device for stack effect in vertical passage of high-rise building

55 ..... Blower 60 ...... Vertical Wind

70 ..... Exhaust grill 72 ...... Duct

80 ..... Air supply grill 82 ..... Vertical passage

N ...... neutral

Claims (3)

In the method for reducing the stack effect caused by the indoor and outdoor temperature difference of the winter in the vertical passage of the high-rise building, Air is supplied to the lower floor of the vertical passage 82 of the high-rise building 1, and the air is exhausted from the high-rise part, and the air exhausted from the exhaust grill 70 of the high-rise part is blown through the blower 55 and the duct 72. In order to reduce the stacking effect in the high-rise building (1) through the air circulation between the low-rise and the high-rise section of the air supply grill 80 of the pressure (P _h ) in the uppermost staircase chamber (10) of the high-rise building (1) Design method for reducing stack effect in vertical passage of high-rise building through air supply and exhaust in vertical passage, characterized in that it is designed quantitatively by using outdoor temperature, blower air flow and coefficient

Formula (8) Where P _h is the pressure in the top staircase room 10, g is the acceleration of gravity (9.81 m / s ² ), h _h is the height of the top floor (m), h _npl is the height of the neutral _zone (m), and ρ _i is the room Air density (kg / m ³ ), T _i is the indoor temperature (K), T _o is the outdoor temperature (K), and Q _f is the blower air volume (m ³ ) of the stack effect reduction device (50) in the vertical passage of the high-rise building. / s), C is the coefficient. The coefficient C₁ has a relation between the outdoor temperature T _o and the two-dimensional function with respect to the room temperature T _i given constant in Equation (8), and is designed as in Equation (9) below. Design method for reducing stack effect in vertical passage of high-rise building through air supply and exhaust in vertical passage

Formula (9) Here, A ₀ , A ₁ , and A ₂ are constants, respectively. The method of claim 2, wherein the height (h _h ) of the top floor, the height of the neutral _zone (h _npl ), the room temperature (T _i ), the outdoor temperature (T) are factors that determine the stack effect of the high-rise building (1) _{If the} constant is given, the coefficient C₁ becomes constant in Eq. (8). Under these conditions, the pressure P _h in the upper staircase room 10 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building, as shown in Eq. Design method for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage, characterized in that it is designed to be adjusted to the change in the blower air volume (Q _f ) of the stack effect reduction device 50 of the

Equation (10) However, where the height (h _h), one neutral height (h _npl), room temperature (T _i), outside temperature (T _o) of the uppermost layer is a constant given conditions.

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