KR20110005100A - Method for manufacturing solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing solid fuel is provided to minimize the moisture contents through heating operation in order to fabricate solid fuel having high calorific value when burning the solid fuel. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing solid fuel comprises the steps of: heating organic materials selected from biomass or waste materials by inputting the organic materials into a heating tub(20) having an oil; adding a bubble restraining material to the heating tube in order to restrain the occurrence of the bubbles generated through the evaporation of moistures; separating the oil from the organic materials; and molding the organic materials from which moistures are removed.

Description

Manufacturing Method of Solid Fuel {METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SOLID FUEL}

The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel, and more specifically, biomass (for example, grain, wood, manure, food waste, etc.) or waste paper is recycled as a fuel resource, as well as used as a starting material By minimizing the water content (water content) of the biomass or waste paper by heating and heating, the manufacturing process is improved, the strength is improved, the handling is easy, and a method for producing a solid fuel with high calorific value during combustion .

As energy and environmental issues intensify, interest in biomass, which can replace fossil fuel resources, is rapidly increasing. In particular, with the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol, governments and companies around the world are taking a quick step in securing alternative technologies and resources to reduce greenhouse gases. Among these, biomass resources such as garbage, grains and agricultural by-products, which are commonly found around us, are emerging as a viable alternative to solve energy and environmental problems.

Biomass is a general term for organic matter present in nature. Biomass is a representative resource that human beings have used for a long time as food, energy, building materials, and household goods. However, its value has not been properly evaluated because it is covered by fossil fuels such as petroleum, which can be easily and inexpensively manufactured. But in recent years things have changed rapidly. Already, there is a shortage in the supply of fuel ethanol extracted from corn and sugar cane, and biodiesel from grain seeds and waste oil is growing rapidly in Europe. In addition, biomass is considered to have the potential to replace various petrochemical-based products as well as renewable energy. Some have cited biomass resources as the only "ground resources" to replace "ground sources" such as oil and coal.

There are many types of biomass, from microorganisms to plants and animals, by-products of various human activities, or garbage. Specific examples include cereals, wood (wastewood, logging, etc.), animal manure, food waste, and organic sewage / wastewater sludge. At this time, waste wood is mainly recycled as fuel, and manure and food waste are mainly recycled as fertilizer.

On the other hand, waste paper sludge, waste oil, and the like, which are largely separated from biomass, are attracting attention.

For example, the waste paper sludge is produced in the form of a dehydrated cake of 70 to 85% by weight of water (water content) in the final process of the paper mill, and is at least 30% by weight and more than 70% by weight based on solids excluding water. Contains organic matter. Waste paper sludge has a high calorific value of about 2,000 kcal / kg to 5,000 kcal / kg. Accordingly, organic waste paper sludge is classified as a low carbon fuel, and in Korea, about 6.5 million tons (2004) is generated. The government banned dumping of waste paper sludge until February 2011, and announced the principle of land treatment through recycling, and recycling technology for waste paper sludge has been attempted.

The recycling technology for waste paper sludge is a technology that is intended to be used as an alternative fuel for fossil fuels (coal or petroleum). However, waste paper sludge occupies about 70% by weight or more of water, which is a major obstacle to fuelization. In addition, even though the water content is reduced through drying, the solid content of waste paper sludge is composed of the volatile content and the fixed carbon content, which are most important for determining the physical properties of the fuel, at the opposite ratio from the existing coal-based fossil fuels. In combustion systems, there are many restrictions on the use of fuel.

In addition, waste oil has a higher recycling rate than waste paper sludge, but is mainly recycled by using a refined method, which consumes much energy. Waste oil purification methods include ion purification, vacuum distillation and high temperature pyrolysis. Ion purification method removes water and sediment from waste oil and removes heavy metals through chemical treatment, and decompression distillation method uses preliminary treatment to remove water and sediment from waste oil by thin film distillation or tower distillation. And heat distillation under vacuum. The high temperature pyrolysis method is a method of obtaining light oil by heating the waste oil at 450 to 500 ° C. to reduce the molecular weight of the polymer by radical reaction. However, these refining methods consume a lot of energy and require process improvement.

Regarding the recycling of waste paper sludge and waste oil as described above, in recent years, in order to improve formability, fuels are manufactured by mixing clay or sand to form a fuel briquette or briquette, or by mixing a large amount of coke and coal to solidify the fuel. Are being announced.

For example, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-1991-0001084 discloses a solid fuel prepared by mixing pulp paper sludge with paraffin wax and then adding hexamine and potassium permanganate, and Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-1994- 0024040 shows a charcoal solid fuel prepared by compression molding machine after mixing calcium carbonate, zeolite and binder with waste such as wood, waste paper and paper sludge.

In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0015873 discloses colloid by melting a small amount of plastic waste (polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene resin) into a resultant obtained by stirring waste oil (lubricating oil), waste cooking oil, and carbonate. A method of producing a calorific synergistic material for producing a solid fuel, which is made of a resin, mixed with aluminum powder and ferric oxide, and then freeze-dried is provided. In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2008-0056352 discloses 50 to 60% by weight of the first fuel composition formed by melting waste vinyl or synthetic resin, waste oil such as waste cooking oil and engine oil of automobiles, graphite, coal powder, waste A solid fuel composed of 20-30 wt% of a second fuel composition formed by mixing and extruding wood or sawdust and 10-15 wt% of sodium silicate as a binder is shown.

In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-62891 discloses a method for producing a solid fuel in which organic sludge, waste oil, and plastic waste are mixed and molded, and then lowered in water content by thermal drying, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-214173 No. 6 shows liquid or granular fuel prepared by adding waste oil such as waste paper diapers to heated vegetable oil, evaporating water, neutralizing and removing hydrogen chloride gas contained in the waste, and adding waste oil. .

However, the prior art including the prior patent documents are mixed with materials of different physical properties, it is difficult to meet the optimum conditions of combustion, low calorific value, various toxic substances (and air pollutants) due to incomplete combustion, etc. Non-combustible materials are added and combustion is difficult. In addition, the method of adding coal powder or petroleum coke powder as calorific reinforcement adds caloric reinforcement to the paper sludge solids at least 1.25 times and as much as 45 times to increase the calorific value of the paper sludge. There is a problem in that the form of adding the waste paper sludge is less useful. In addition, in the case of using plastic waste as a binder as in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2005-0015873 and Japanese Patent Application No. 56-62891, etc., toxic substances (and air pollutants) such as dioxin, chlorine and sulfur during combustion are used. There is a problem in that it does not satisfy the conditions to be provided as solid fuel (related to Article 25-3 (2) of the Act on Resource Conservation and Recycling Promotion) due to the large amount of emissions.

On the other hand, biomass (eg, waste wood, sludge, etc.), waste paper sludge, and the like contain a large amount of water. For example, in the case of waste wood, 20% by weight or more is water, and in the case of waste paper sludge, 70% by weight or more is water as described above. Accordingly, in order to recycle the waste wood or waste paper sludge and the like as solid fuel, the waste wood or waste paper sludge must be dehydrated as well as pulverized. Dehydration may be carried out by a dehydrator, hot air drying (or natural drying) or the like, but this method has a limitation in lowering the moisture content, and it also takes a long time.

In addition, in the manufacture of solid fuel, when molding and drying in a state where waste oil and water (water contained in waste paper sludge or waste wood) are mixed, evaporated water passes through the oil film of the waste oil to generate a large amount of bubbles. Generate. Specifically, in the manufacture of solid fuel, a molding process of molding a solid fuel through extrusion (compression), and the molded solid fuel is accompanied by a drying step, the heat is supplied in the molding step and the drying step. At this time, moisture is evaporated by heat to generate bubbles. Accordingly, extrusion (compression) is difficult due to the generation of bubbles in the extrusion (compression) molding process, and the moldability (shape retention) of the product (solid fuel) is deteriorated. There is a problem that the durability of the. In addition, due to the decrease in strength, dust generated by the cracks during storage and transportation of the solid fuel is generated and difficult to handle. Therefore, in order to recycle the waste wood or waste paper sludge and the like as solid fuel, above all, the water content (water content) should be minimized as much as possible before the molding process.

As described above, solid fuels are generally manufactured using biomass (organic waste, etc.) and waste oils. Solid fuels according to the prior art have low calorific value during combustion, and are difficult to store and handle because of poor strength. There is a problem.

In addition, the use of a binder (plastic waste, etc.) is essential to maintain the shape of the conventional solid fuel, the process is complicated by the use of such a binder there is a problem that toxic substances and air pollutants are discharged during combustion. In addition, the use of organic waste and waste oil, etc. as a raw material inevitably causes a bad odor is generated. In particular, process improvement is required to minimize the moisture content (water content) of the raw materials before the molding process.

The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, as well as recycling the biomass (for example, grain, wood, manure, food waste, etc.) or waste paper sludge as a resource of fuel, starting materials By minimizing the water content (water content) of the biomass or waste paper sludge used as a water bath and heating, the manufacturing process is improved, the strength is improved, the handling is easy, the method of producing solid fuel with high calorific value during combustion The purpose is to provide.

The present invention to achieve the above object,

A bath / heating step in which at least one organic material selected from biomass and waste paper is added to a heating bath containing oil, and heated in a bath, while spraying a bubble inhibitor to the bath to suppress bubbles generated by evaporation of water. ;

A deoiling step of separating oil from organic matter discharged from the heating tank; And

It provides a method for producing a solid fuel comprising a molding step of molding the deoiled organic material into a molded body.

In addition, the present invention,

One or more organic substances selected from biomass and waste paper are placed in a heating bath containing oil, and heated in a bath, while the bubble bath is sprayed into the heating bath to suppress bubbles generated by evaporation of water. step;

A deoiling step of separating oil from organic matter discharged from the heating tank;

Mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of a binder, an oil, and an emulsifier to the deoiled organic material; And

It provides a method for producing a solid fuel comprising a molding step of molding the mixture into a molded body.

In addition, the method for producing a solid fuel according to the present invention may further include a carbonization step of carbonizing the molded body.

According to the present invention, the biomass or waste paper used as a raw material is minimized by the water bath and heating to minimize the water content (water content) to improve the manufacturing process, the strength is improved and the handling is easy. In addition, it is possible to produce a solid fuel having a high calorific value during combustion. In addition, when the carbonization step is further performed, the odor is removed while the calorific value and the strength are improved.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 show a manufacturing process of the solid fuel according to the present invention, Figure 1 illustrates a manufacturing process according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is an exemplary second of the present invention It illustrates the manufacturing process diagram according to the form. 3 is a sectional view showing the main parts of an example of the manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the main parts of another example of the manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention. In addition, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an exemplary appearance of the molding machine used in the present invention, Figure 6 is a perspective view showing an exemplary appearance of the sealed storage tank used in the present invention.

The method for producing a solid fuel according to the present invention includes the following three steps according to the first aspect of the present invention.

(1) At least one organic material selected from biomass and waste paper is introduced into a heating bath 20 containing oil, and heated in a hot bath, whereby a bubble suppressant is added to the heating bath 20 to suppress bubbles generated by evaporation of water. Bath / heating stage

(2) a deoiling step of separating oil from organic matter (drain) discharged from the heating tank 20

(3) a molding step of molding the deoiled organic material into a molded body

In producing the solid fuel according to the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, the pulverizer 10, 50, heating tank 20, waste oil storage tank 30, deoiler 40, mixer 50 ), A molding machine 70, a dryer 80, and the like may be used. Hereinafter, each step will be described.

Bath / heating stage

The solid fuel according to the present invention contains organic and oil components as constituent materials. That is, in the solid fuel according to the present invention, organic materials and oil components are used as raw materials. At this time, the oil component is included in the bath / heating process. In addition, the oil component may be added by separate mixing. The organic material is used at least one selected from biomass and waste paper. Here, the biomass and waste paper are as described below.

The biomass generally refers to commonly used organic materials. Biomass includes animals and plants and by-products or wastes of human activities. Specifically, the biomass may use one or more selected from the group consisting of grains, wood, manure of animals (cows, pigs, chickens, ducks, etc.), food waste discarded in homes and restaurants, organic sewage sludge, and the like. At this time, the timber includes waste wood discarded at construction sites and general industrial sites, logging (including large logging and small logging) from mountains, and wood flour (sawdust, etc.) generated from sawmills or wood processing companies. .

The biomass may have a water content of 80% by weight or less, preferably a water content of 30% by weight or less by dehydration and / or drying, but is not limited thereto. More specifically, the biomass may use a water content of 0.1 to 30% by weight. In addition, the biomass may be used by grinding through the grinder (10). For example, the biomass may be pulverized to a size of 30 to 100 mesh, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, in the present invention, the waste paper can be used, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of waste paper powder, waste paper sludge and the like. The waste paper powder may be pulverized pulp products such as paper, newspaper, toilet paper, and diapers. In addition, the waste paper sludge is generated in the paper mill, and used waste paper sludge produced in the paper mill as it is, or preferably dehydrated to have a water content (water content) of 80% by weight or less, specifically, a water content of 30 Waste paper sludge of ˜80% by weight can be used. In addition, the waste paper sludge is subjected to a dehydration and drying process, it is possible to use a dry waste paper sludge having a water content of 30% by weight or less, specifically 0.01 to 30% by weight of water. In addition, the waste paper sludge may be used by mixing waste paper sludge having a water content of 50 to 80% by weight and dry waste paper sludge having a water content of 0.1 to 30% by weight. The waste paper, that is, the waste paper powder or waste paper sludge may be used by grinding through the grinder 10. For example, the waste paper is preferably used by grinding to a size of 30 ~ 100 mesh (mesh), but is not limited thereto.

The organic substance used as a raw material of the solid fuel according to the present invention is as described above. The organic substance as a raw material preferably contains both biomass and waste paper. More specifically, for example, the organic material as a raw material may include both wood flour and waste paper sludge. Hereinafter, the case where both biomass and waste paper sludge are used for the organic substance as a raw material is demonstrated.

1 and 2, the biomass and waste paper sludge are introduced into the heating bath 20. In this case, the biomass and waste paper sludge may be mixed and then introduced into the heating bath 20, or may be separately input. The biomass and waste paper sludge contain water, but it is not particularly limited at this time, but may be added in a weight ratio of 40 to 90:60 to 10 on a dry weight basis (based on solid content except moisture). That is, the biomass and the waste paper sludge may be introduced into the heating tank 20 at a weight ratio (dry weight basis) of 40 to 90: 60 to 10.

In addition, oil is accommodated in the heating bath 20. The oil may be one or more selected from mineral oils (such as fuel oils such as petroleum, kerosene and diesel oil), vegetable oils and animal oils. In the present invention, the oil includes waste oil. The oil is more specifically (waste) mineral oil, such as automobile oil, ship oil, insulating oil, gear oil, turbine oil; (Waste) vegetable oils such as soybean oil, grape seed oil, corn oil, palm oil and sunflower oil; And (lung) animal oils such as cattle, pigs, chickens, fish, and the like. The oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of (waste) edible oil, (waste) automobile oil, (waste) ship oil, (waste) insulating oil, (waste) gear oil and (waste) turbine oil among those listed above. It is preferable to use one or two or more mixtures. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the oil may be supplied from the waste oil storage tank 30.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the heating bath 20 has a main body 21 in which oil is accommodated, and a heat supply part 22 for heating the main body 21. In this case, the heat supply part 22 may be a jacket type or a direct type, for example, and may heat the oil contained in the main body 21. For example, the heat supply unit 22 may be provided with a heating coil as shown in FIG. In addition, a hopper 23 into which raw materials (biomass and waste paper sludge) are introduced is provided at an upper end of the main body 21 constituting the heating tank 20, and an outlet 24 through which water vapor generated by heating is discharged to the outside. Has

Raw materials, ie, biomass and waste paper sludge, introduced into the heating bath 20 are removed by water bath and heating. That is, the moisture contained in the biomass and waste paper sludge, which is splashed by heated oil (preferably waste oil), is instantaneously minimized. The raw material, that is, the biomass and the waste paper sludge are removed through such a bath and heating process, and may have a water content of 20% by weight or less, specifically, 0.01 to 20% by weight of water. The biomass and waste paper sludge may have a water content of preferably 10 wt% or less, specifically 0.01 to 10 wt%, by a bath or heating process. At this time, the temperature of the oil contained in the heating bath 20 is preferably maintained at 100 ℃ or more, specifically 100 ~ 180 ℃. If the temperature of the oil is too low as less than 100 ° C the water removal rate may drop, if too high above 180 ° C the boiling of the oil is severe and may be undesirable. The temperature of the oil is preferably 120 to 150 ° C. In addition, in the bath, the heating process may proceed with the mixing of the raw material with water removal.

In addition, in the bath and heating process, water vapor is generated by evaporation of water through heating, and the generated water vapor is discharged to the outside of the outlet 24. At this time, a large amount of bubbles are generated in the heating tank 20 by the generated steam, and the generated bubbles adversely affect the bath, heating step, as well as subsequent steps. That is, a large amount of bubbles are generated at the interface (surface) and inside of the oil contained in the heating bath 20 by evaporation of water vapor, and the generated bubbles block the discharge port 24 or cover the interface (surface) of the oil. May hinder the vaporization of water vapor. In addition, the generated bubbles may be an obstacle in a subsequent molding process, and the like may cause voids to form in the product (solid fuel), thereby lowering mechanical properties (strength).

Therefore, in the hot water bath and heating process, the problem of bubble generation should be determined first. To this end, in the process of heating the hot water bath, the raw material (biomass and waste paper sludge) is introduced into a heating bath 20 containing oil to heat the hot water bath, but the bubbles generated by moisture evaporation are suppressed. Spraying the bubble inhibitor in the tank 20 is carried out. At this time, it is better to give ultrasonic vibration to the heating bath 20 using the ultrasonic generator. That is, it is good to spray the bubble inhibitor to the heating bath 20 and at the same time to give ultrasonic vibration, bath and heating. When the ultrasonic vibration is imparted in this manner, the bubble suppression efficiency is increased, and the mixing of the raw materials can be increased. The upper end of the inside of the heating tank 20 has a structure in which the injection port 25 for spraying the bubble inhibitor. The bubble suppressant may be supplied from the bubble suppressor accommodating tank 25-1 installed outside the heating tank 20, and spray-injected at an appropriate discharge pressure through the injection port 25. In addition, although it may vary depending on the capacity of the heating bath 20 or the bubble generation amount, the bubble inhibitor may be sprayed at a flow rate of 0.2 ~ 5 mL / sec (sec), but is not limited thereto.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the water contained in the biomass and waste paper sludge is instantaneously removed by the water bath and heating through the oil to minimize the water content (water content). In addition, bubbles generated by evaporation of water are suppressed by the spraying of the bubble inhibitor, thereby preventing the blockage of the outlet port 24 and the disturbance of vapor evaporation that may be caused by bubble generation. ), And lowering of mechanical properties (strength) can be prevented. At this time, the water vapor discharged to the outlet 24 is separated from a small amount of uncondensed gas (for example, a small amount of oil component) through a condenser, and the water vapor is transferred into the liquid phase and the uncondensed oil is transferred to a direct fire furnace using a blower for combustion. You can.

The bubble inhibitor may be used as long as it can suppress the generated bubbles, and includes a liquid or particulate form. The bubble inhibitor preferably contains alcohol. For example, the bubble inhibitor may use an aqueous solution containing a lower alcohol. In this case, the alcohol may be, for example, one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, and the like. In addition, the foam inhibitor is decanoic acid (lauric acid), lauric acid (lauric acid), mystic acid (myristic acid), palmitic acid (palmitic acid), stearic acid (stearic acid), oleic acid (oleic acid) Selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, oxystearine, dimethyl polysiloxane, silicon dioxide, sorbitan monostearate, and silicone resin One or more than two mixtures may be used.

In addition, the bath and heating process of this step include a batch type and a continuous type, Preferably it is a continuous type. At this time, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, a forced transport means 26 for forcibly transporting raw materials, that is, biomass and waste paper sludge, is installed inside the heating bath 20 to enable a continuous process. It is good to be. The discharged water heated / heated through the heating tank 20 is transferred to the deoiler 40 by the belt conveyor 27 and discharged.

The forced transfer means 26 may comprise a screw that is rotated by a motor (not shown), for example, as shown in FIG. 3. Forced conveying means 26, preferably, as shown in Figure 4, a rotating body 26a rotated by a motor (not shown), and a plurality of blades 26b, which are provided in the rotating body 26a, blades). At this time, the blade 26b rotates in the rotational direction of the rotating body 26a and forcibly transfers the hot water / heated organic matter (discharge) in the heating tank 20 toward the discharge port, that is, the belt conveyor 27.

Deoiling  step

The organic matter (exhaust), which has undergone the bath / heating step, is transferred to the deoiler 40 and subjected to a deoiling process to separate (deoil) and remove oil components. In this case, deoiling does not mean complete deoiling. Specifically, raw materials, namely biomass and waste paper sludge, contain a small amount of oil even after the deoiling process. The oil component included in the raw material may increase the calorific value of the solid fuel.

The deoiler 40 can be used as long as it can separate oil from the (organic) discharge discharged from the heating tank 20, and includes, for example, gravity filtration (filtration net), centrifugal separation, roll method, and the like. . The deoiler 40 may use a conventional dehydrator, for example, a centrifugal dehydrator or a belt press. Particularly, in the deoiling step, in the case of the centrifugal dehydrator, the portion where the oil is discharged (oil discharge passage) may be blocked by small sludge. Therefore, it is preferable to use a milking machine of a roll type such as squeezing oil components at high pressure. At this time, the oil separated from the raw material (biomass and waste paper sludge) is returned to the waste oil storage tank 30, it can be reused as the oil of the heating bath 20 for bath / heating.

Forming steps

The deoiled organic substance is introduced into the molding machine 70 and molded into a solid or semi-solid shaped body. At this time, the deoiled organics contain a small amount of oil as well as biomass and waste paper sludge. The molded body may have various shapes through extrusion molding or injection molding. The molded body may be in a solid or semi-solid state, and may have, for example, a spherical shape, a cylinder shape, and a polygonal shape (for example, a triangular column shape, a square column shape, a hexagonal column shape, and the like). In addition, the molded article may have a shape such as ordinary briquettes or briquettes. The molded article preferably has a pellet shape. That is, the solid fuel produced according to the present invention may preferably have a pellet shape. For example, the molded body may have a cylindrical pellet shape having a diameter of 3 mm to 30 mm and a length of 10 mm to 100 mm. At this time, the deoiled organic material (raw material), for example, may be supplied to the pellet extrusion machine 70 shown in Figure 4 may be molded into a semi-solid pellet molding.

Referring to FIG. 5, the extrusion machine 70 may include an extrusion means 72 and a molding die 74. The extrusion means 72 may be selected from a roller or a screw. 5 illustrates a roller rotated by a motor (not shown) as the extrusion means 72. In addition, a plurality of forming dies 74 may be installed as shown, and the forming dies 74 may have a pipe shape whose cross section is circular or polygonal. In addition, the molding die 74 may be mounted on the rotating plate 73 and rotated. At this time, the rotating body 73 is coupled to the shaft 75 is rotated in any direction. The raw material introduced into the raw material injection tank 71 is extruded to the molding die 74 by the pressure of the extrusion means 72. Extrusion molding machine 70 shown in Figure 5 is an example, the extrusion molding machine 70 that can be used in the present invention may have a variety of structures, and may include an extrusion means 72 and a molding die 74.

In addition, the molded body formed through the extrusion molding machine 70 as described above may have a cylindrical pellet shape having a diameter of 3 mm to 30 mm. In addition, the molded body can be cut to an appropriate length. For example, the molded body extruded from the molding machine 70 may be cut into a length of 10mm ~ 100mm through a cutter. In addition, the deoiled organic material (raw material) may be pulverized through the grinder 50 before being supplied to the molding machine 70. The deoiled organic material (raw material) may be crushed, for example, to a size of 30 to 100 mesh through the grinder 50, but is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, the method for producing a solid fuel according to the present invention may further comprise a mixing step. Specifically, the method for producing a solid fuel according to the present invention includes the following four steps according to the second aspect of the present invention.

(1) At least one organic material selected from biomass and waste paper is introduced into a heating bath 20 containing oil, and heated in a hot bath, whereby a bubble suppressant is added to the heating bath 20 to suppress bubbles generated by evaporation of water. Bath / heating stage

(2) Deoiling step of separating the oil from the organic matter discharged from the heating tank 20

(3) a mixing step of mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of a binder, an oil and an emulsifier to the deoiled organic material

(4) a molding step of molding the mixture into a molded body

In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, as the progress after the forming step, may further comprise a drying step of drying the molded body or a carbonization step of carbonizing the molded body. In this case, the bath / heating step, the deoiling step and the forming step are as described above. Hereinafter, the mixing step, the drying step and the carbonization step will be described.

Mixing stage

In the mixing step, at least one selected from the group consisting of a binder, an oil and an emulsifier is added and mixed to the organic matter (raw material) deoiled through the mixer 60. 1 and 3, the deoiled organic material (raw material) may be supplied to the mixer 60 after being pulverized through the grinder 50.

The binder is for bonding raw materials, that is, biomass and waste paper sludge, and the like, and can be used as long as it has a bonding force (adhesiveness). Preferably, the binder is one that does not discharge toxic substances such as chlorine (Cl) and sulfur (S) during combustion. As a specific example, it is preferable to use one or two or more mixtures selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetate, lignin, starch, and the like. At this time, the lignin includes pure lignin extracted from wood (pulp) and waste lignin (waste lignin) discharged as a by-product when processing the wood to make a raw material of paper. The polyvinylacetate, lignin and starch are preferred for the present invention because they have good miscibility with waste paper sludge and oil components (waste oil, etc.) without chlorine (Cl), sulfur (S) and the like during combustion. The binder is not particularly limited, but may be included in an amount of 0.5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of an organic material (based on 100 parts by weight of a mixture of biomass and waste paper sludge based on dry weight except moisture). At this time, when the content of the binder is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the bonding strength may be weakened, thereby reducing the moldability (shape retention of the product) and the strength, and when the content is more than 20 parts by weight, the content of biomass and waste paper sludge may be relatively reduced. And in terms of calorific value.

In addition, the oil added in the mixing step is as described above. Specifically, the oil in the mixing step is preferably used as one or two or more selected from the group consisting of waste cooking oil, automobile oil, marine oil, insulating oil, gear oil and turbine oil as waste oil. Such oil is added to increase the calorific value, and may be preferably supplied from the waste oil storage tank 30. At this time, the oil is preferably added in an appropriate amount so that 0.1 to 30.0 parts by weight based on the total weight of the molded body. If the oil content is too small, it may be somewhat undesirable in calorific value. In addition, too much oil content is undesirable in terms of strength, and it may be difficult to prepare a molded body in a semi-solid state or a solid state in the forming step.

In addition, when oil is added in the mixing step as described above, the oil may be incompatible with waste paper sludge, etc., wherein the emulsifier improves this. That is, the oil may be uniformly mixed in the waste paper sludge or the like by the addition of the emulsifier in the mixer 60. Such emulsifiers may be used one or more selected from lipophilic surfactants, hydrophilic emulsion stabilizers and lipophilic emulsion stabilizers. In addition, subsequent molding steps involve heat, where moisture evaporated by heat may contact the waste oil and generate bubbles. In order to prevent such bubbles from occurring, the emulsifier may be selected from the group consisting of alcohols (methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, etc.) and dimethyl polysiloxane, or a mixture thereof. That is, when the alcohol or dimethyl polysiloxane is used as the emulsifier, it is possible to improve the miscibility of waste oil and waste paper sludge and the like, as well as to prevent bubbles from forming. The emulsifier is not particularly limited, but may be included in an amount of 0.05 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic material (based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of biomass and waste paper sludge based on dry weight except moisture). At this time, when the content of the emulsifier is less than 0.05 parts by weight may not be good emulsification improvement ability and anti-foaming ability according to the content thereof, if the content exceeds 10 parts by weight may not be very significant synergistic effect due to excess content.

In addition, in the mixing step, it is possible to give ultrasonic waves so that the uniform dispersion of each raw material. That is, while stirring the raw materials in the mixer 60 may be given ultrasonic waves.

Drying step

The molded body formed through the molding step may be dried. The molded body may be dried such that the water content is preferably 10% by weight or less, specifically, 0.01 to 10% by weight. Drying can satisfy the legal moisture content condition (water content of 10 wt% or less) that the solid fuel should have. Drying may be carried out by vacuum drying or hot air drying at 70 to 200 ° C (preferably 80 to 180 ° C). This drying step is optional, and the drying step may be omitted. When the molded product is subjected to a carbonization step without undergoing drying, drying proceeds simultaneously with carbonization.

Carbonization stage

Carbonization may proceed after the forming step or after the drying step. The molded body is preferably low temperature carbonized. The solid fuel has a high calorific value due to low temperature carbonization, and the durability (strength, etc.) is improved. That is, according to the present invention, in the case of low temperature carbonization, the calorific value and durability (strength, etc.) are increased than before carbonization. In addition, odor is removed by low temperature carbonization, and there is almost no odor.

Low temperature carbonization proceeds under a temperature of 100 ° C to 350 ° C. Low temperature carbonization may be carried out in a closed space that is not vacuumed or ventilated. At this time, the temperature range serves as an important technical means for achieving the object of the present invention. At this time, if the temperature is less than 100 ℃ carbonization does not occur, it is difficult to improve the calorific value and durability (strength, etc.), if the temperature exceeds 350 ℃, the degree of durability reduction compared to the increase in the calorific value may increase. This carbonization process may be performed by cutting the molded body to an appropriate size, and then storing the molded product in a vacuum or sealed storage tank 90 (see FIG. 6) maintained at 100 ° C to 350 ° C. In addition, the carbonization process may be performed by heating the molding die 74 to 100 ° C. to 350 ° C. under atmospheric pressure (1 atm), for example, when using the molding die 74 (see FIG. 5). The carbonization process may be carried out in various ways in addition to the above method. At this time, the carbonization temperature may be appropriately selected within the range according to the oil content. For example, when the content of oil is 2 to 30 parts by weight, it is preferable to carbonize at 100 ° C to 200 ° C in a vacuum or closed space.

In addition, the carbonization time may vary depending on the temperature, but may be, for example, 2 minutes to 72 hours when carbonized by storing in an airtight storage tank 90. That is, the molded body may be carbonized by storing it in a vacuum or closed reservoir 90 maintained at 100 ° C to 350 ° C for 2 minutes to 72 hours.

In the low temperature carbonization process, the following method may be preferably selected.

First, referring to FIG. 5, the molded body discharged from the molding die 74 of the extrusion machine 70 is hot. That is, the molded body discharged from the molding die 74 by friction between the molded body pressed by the extrusion means 72 and the molding die 74 maintains a high temperature of approximately 130 ° C or higher. In this case, when the molded body is put into the sealed storage tank 90 and sealed, it may be natural carbonized. As shown in FIG. 6, the reservoir 90 may include a container body 92 in which a molded body is accommodated, and a lid 94 coupled to and sealed by the container body 92. As described above, the molded body extruded and discharged from the extrusion molding machine 70 maintains a high temperature by friction, and when it is put into the sealed storage tank 90 and stored closed, the molded body is maintained in the range of 100 ° C. to 350 ° C. by thermal insulation. Can be carbonized naturally. At this time, the molded body may be stored for 2 minutes to 72 hours in the closed reservoir (90). In addition, when the frictional heat is insufficient and the temperature of the molded body is low, the temperature of the molded body can be increased by applying heat to the molding die 74 as described above. In addition, when the temperature of the molded body is low because the frictional heat is insufficient and the temperature in the sealed storage tank 90 is too low, the sealed storage tank 90 may be heated to maintain 100 ° C to 350 ° C.

According to the present invention, the calorific value and durability are increased by the low temperature carbonization process, and odors are removed. In addition, the drying process is dried to 10% by weight or less by the carbonization process without performing a separate drying process. In addition, even when the raw materials are aggregated by the carbonization process and no binder is used, the solid fuel retains its shape. Accordingly, the manufacturing process can be shortened by eliminating the drying process and the binder process.

The solid fuel obtained through the above process may be subjected to other conventional post-treatment processes, and the post-treatment process may include, for example, a dust removal process and a packaging process on the surface.

According to the present invention described above, the biomass and waste paper sludge used as raw materials are minimized by the water bath and heating to improve the manufacturing process (water content). Specifically, the moisture is minimized in a flash, thereby simplifying the drying process. In addition, the generation of bubbles in the extrusion (compression) or drying process can be reduced to prevent the lowering of physical properties due to the formation of voids, and the form of the product does not change, thereby improving the formability. In addition, the strength is improved, and handling is easy. In addition, biomass, waste paper sludge, and waste oil can be recycled as a resource for solid fuels, as well as high calorific value during combustion.

In addition, under 20% by weight of ash, 2.0% by weight of chlorine (Cl), and 0.6% by weight of sulfur (S), based on the weight of emissions, excluding moisture during combustion, the legal conditions that solid fuel should have (resource saving and Satisfies Article 25-3 (2) of the Recycling Promotion Act.

In addition, when the carbonization process proceeds, the calorific value and durability are improved and the odor is removed than before carbonization. In addition, the drying step and the binder mixing step can be eliminated, thereby shortening the manufacturing step.

Hereinafter, the Example and comparative example of this invention are illustrated. The following examples are illustrative and are provided only to assist in understanding the present invention, and thus the technical scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

The solid fuel according to the present invention preferably comprises waste oil (oil) and waste paper sludge as raw materials. At this time, the component investigation according to the type of waste oil and the characteristics of the waste paper sludge discharged by each paper company should be preceded. will be. [Table 1] is the result of the component investigation according to the type of waste oil, [Table 2] is the result of the component investigation of waste paper sludge for each paper production item.

                   <Result of ingredient investigation by type of waste oil> Item Type of waste oil Automotive oil Ship oil Insulation oil Gear oil Turbine oil Residual carbon (wt%) 1.43 0.66 0.09 0.05 0.05 Moisture and Sediment (Vol%) 0.04 8.0 - - - Ash (% by weight) 0.664 0.603 0.09 0.044 0.044 Sulfur (% by weight) 0.26-0.35 0.81 0.54 0.032 0.004 Heavy metals (mg / kg) Cd and its compounds One One One Less than 1 One Pb and its compounds Not detected Less than 1 One 8 One Cr and its compounds Not detected One One Less than 1 One As and its compounds Not detected Less than 1 Less than 0.01 Less than 1 Less than 1

As shown in [Table 1], since the content of sulfur is different depending on the type of waste oil, the solid fuel should have a sulfur content condition (based on the weight of sulfur in the exhaust materials excluding moisture during combustion: 0.6 wt% or less). The type of waste oil and the amount of waste oil should be considered and mixed.

             <Characteristics of discharged sludge by paper production item>
Paper type Sludge content
(weight%) Solid
(weight%) Ash
(weight%) Cellulose
(weight%) Paper
(Paper) 21.87 32.34 30.08 46.19 Newsprint Paper
(News print paper) 28.60 28.92 31.92 40.62 Kraft paper
(Kraft paper) 14.86 28.45 15.45 61.20 Wood Free Paper
(Woodfree paper)  5.79 35.20 59.63 28.95 Chengshu
(Tissues) 31.70 34.93 36.58 39.37 Etc
 8.14 30.08 34.74 35.07 Average
20.75 31.04 32.11 43.44

The solid content of the waste paper sludge indicates the degree of dehydration. The more the dehydration progresses, the easier it is to transport and other subsequent treatments. In addition, the ash content of the waste paper sludge discharged from the paper mill was found to vary depending on various mineral fillers such as talc, kaolin, and calcium carbonate. In addition, the moisture content of the paper sludge was measured to determine the moisture content, it was found that the paper sludge discharged from the paper mill contains an average of 27% by weight of pure paper sludge and 73% by weight of water.

Example 1

First, waste paper sludge having a water content of about 73% by weight was purchased from a factory that mainly produces wood flour (waste sawdust) and woodfree paper having a water content of about 42% by weight. Then, the waste sawdust and waste paper sludge were dehydrated by a belt press, and then dried at 80 ° C. for 72 hours to obtain a water content of about 12 wt%, and then ground. The ground sawdust and waste paper sludge powder were mixed at a weight ratio of 2: 1, and the mixture was put into a reactor containing waste oil (automotive oil). The reactor was heated up to 130 ° C., and then heated and heated for about 20 minutes while applying ultrasonic vibration. At this time, bubbles were generated by vapor evaporation, and it was found that the bubbles were suppressed by spraying the aqueous propyl alcohol solution.

Next, using a filtration membrane, the waste sawdust and waste paper sludge fried from waste oil were filtered out. Then, waste oil (car oil), a binder, and an emulsifier are added to the mixture of the filtered waste sawdust and waste paper sludge. 0.5 parts by weight of propyl alcohol as a part and an emulsifier were added and mixed. Then, the mixture was introduced into an extrusion molding machine, molded and cut into pellets, and hot-air dried at 150 ° C. to prepare pellets (solid fuel) having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 20 mm.

For the pellets (solid fuel), the calorific value, the ash content, the chlorine content, the sulfur content, and the like during combustion were evaluated, and the results are shown in the following [Table 3].

     <Test results of solid fuel using waste paper sludge from Wood Free Paper Factory> Test Items unit Results Test Methods Fixed carbon weight% 5.8 ASTM D 5142: 2002 moisture weight% 2.5 ASTM D 5142: 2002 Ash weight% 2.7 ASTM D 5142: 2002 Volatility weight% 89.0 ASTM D 5142: 2002 Calorific value kcal / kg 6924 KS E 3707: 2001
gas Cl weight% 0.06 ASTM D 2361: 2002 S weight% 0.04 Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard)
heavy metal Hg weight% Not detected Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard) CD weight% Not detected Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard) Pb mg / kg 5.78 Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard) As mg / kg 0.8 Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard)

[Example 2]

It carried out similarly to Example 1, but used the waste paper sludge of the factory which mainly produces News print paper as waste paper sludge. Then, the waste paper sludge was dehydrated by a belt press, and then dried at 80 ° C. for 72 hours to obtain a water content of about 12 wt%, and then ground. Next, the waste paper sludge (water content of 73% by weight) purchased at the factory and the ground waste paper sludge powder (water content of 12% by weight) were mixed. The waste sawdust and the waste paper sludge were mixed at 2: 1, and then placed in a reactor containing waste oil (automotive oil) for 30 minutes in a hot bath and heated. At this time, bubbles were generated by vapor evaporation. As a result of spraying dimethylpolysiloxane, the bubbles were suppressed.

Next, the waste sawdust and waste paper sludge fried from waste oil were filtered out using a filtration membrane. Then, waste oil (car oil), a binder, and an emulsifier are added to the mixture of the filtered waste sawdust and waste paper sludge, based on 100 parts by weight of the waste paper sludge, 25 parts by weight of waste oil (car oil), and 7 weight of polyvinyl acetate as a binder. And 3 parts by weight of lignin and 0.2 parts by weight of propyl alcohol and 0.8 parts by weight of dimethyl polysiloxane were added and mixed as an emulsifier. Then, the mixture was introduced into an extrusion molding machine, molded and cut into pellets, and hot-air dried at 150 ° C. to prepare pellets (solid fuel) having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 20 mm.

For the pellets (solid fuel), the calorific value, the ash content, the chlorine content, the sulfur content, and the like during combustion were evaluated, and the results are shown in the following [Table 4].

    <Test results of solid fuel using waste paper sludge from Newsprint Paper Factory> Test Items unit Results Test Methods Fixed carbon weight% 6.7 ASTM D 5142: 2002 moisture weight% 2.1 ASTM D 5142: 2002 Ash weight% 0.9 ASTM D 5142: 2002 Volatility weight% 90.3 ASTM D 5142: 2002 Calorific value kcal / kg 6981 KS E 3707: 2001
gas Cl weight% 0.07 ASTM D 2361: 2002 S weight% 0.09 Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard)
heavy metal Hg weight% Not detected Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard) CD weight% Not detected Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard) Pb mg / kg 6.42 Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard) As mg / kg 1.14 Korea Environmental Resources Corporation (Solid Fuel Product Quality Standard)

As shown in [Table 3] and [Table 4], the produced solid fuel was found to be very good as a calorific value of 6,900 kcal / kg or more, and also the legal conditions (solid content 10% by weight) that the solid fuel should have Hereinafter, it was found that 20 wt% or less of ash, 2.0 wt% or less of chlorine, and 0.6 wt% or less of sulfur) were satisfied based on the weight of the exhaust materials excluding the moisture during combustion.

[Comparative Examples 1 and 2]

Compared to Example 2, it was carried out in the same manner except that the bath and heating were not performed and the components and contents of the binder and the emulsifier were changed. Specific components and contents are shown in the following [Table 5].

                    <Composition and Content of Solid Fuel> Remarks Example 1
(Parts by weight) Example 2
(Parts by weight) Comparative Example 1
(Parts by weight) Comparative Example 2
(Parts by weight) Waste Sawdust Solids 200 200 200 200 Waste Paper Sludge Wood Free Paper 100 - 100 100 Newsprint Paper - 100 - - Waste oil Automotive oil 20 25 25 25 bookbinder Polyvinylacetate 7 7 7 - Lignin - 3 - - Starch - - - 7 Emulsifier Propyl Alcohol 0.5 0.2 - - Dimethyl Polysiloxane - 0.8 - - Bath, heating (130 ℃) 20 minutes 30 minutes - -

The compressive strength of the solid fuel (pellets) according to the examples and the comparative example was evaluated and the results are shown in the following [Table 6]. The compressive strength is evaluated by the maximum load when the sample is destroyed by pressing 0.5kgf / cm 2 against the prepared solid fuel (pellet) sample, but the relative strength is based on the sample of Example 1 (Example 1 = 1.00) The results are shown in the following [Table 6].

                   <Relative compressive strength evaluation results> Remarks
Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Relative strength
1.00 1.13 0.72 0.69

As shown in Table 6 above, when the bath and heating were carried out according to the present invention and an emulsifier was used, it was found to have superior strength than the comparative example. It was also found that the strength increased as the amount of water bath, heating time and the amount of emulsifier increased.

As can be seen from the above experimental example, according to the present invention, while recycling the waste resources (biomass, waste paper sludge and waste oil) as a solid fuel, it can be seen that the strength is improved when the water content is minimized by heating the bath. have. In addition, it can be seen that the manufactured solid fuel satisfies the legal conditions (water content, ash content, chlorine content, sulfur content, etc.) as well as excellent calorific value.

On the other hand, the following experiment was carried out to confirm the heat generation and durability increase according to the carbonization process.

[Examples 3 to 11 and Comparative Examples 3 to 4]

Wood waste (waste sawdust) with a moisture content of about 42% by weight and waste paper sludge with a moisture content of about 73% by weight were purchased from a factory that mainly produces woodfree paper. Then, the waste sawdust and waste paper sludge were dehydrated by a belt press, and then dried at 80 ° C. for 72 hours to obtain a water content of 12 wt%, and then ground. The ground sawdust and waste paper sludge powder were mixed at a weight ratio of 2: 1, and the mixture was put into a reactor containing waste oil (waste oil). The reactor was heated up to 130 ° C., and then heated and heated for about 20 minutes while applying ultrasonic vibration. At this time, bubbles were generated by vapor evaporation, and it was found that the bubbles were suppressed by spraying the aqueous methyl alcohol solution.

Next, using a filtration membrane, the waste sawdust and waste paper sludge fried from waste oil were filtered out. Then, waste oil (waste cooking oil) was added and mixed to the mixture of the filtered waste sawdust and waste paper sludge, which was put into an extrusion molding machine, molded into pellet shaped bodies, and cut.

In addition, the amount of waste oil (waste cooking oil) added in the manufacturing process of the molded body was different, the content of the waste cooking oil added to the whole raw material of the molded body (waste sawdust + waste paper sludge + waste cooking oil) is 2 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 10 By weight, 20 parts by weight and 30 parts by weight.

The molded article prepared as described above was put in an electric furnace and sealed, and then carbonized by applying heat. At this time, the temperature (carbonization temperature) at the time of the modification (carbonization) occurs by each composition (content of the waste cooking oil), and the time (carbonization completion time) until the completion of the carbonization at the above temperature is measured by the following results It is shown in [Table 7].

In addition, the calorific value (low calorific value), durability and odor before and after carbonization were measured in the above process, and the results are shown in the following [Table 7]. At this time, the calorific value (low calorific value) was measured according to the KS E 3707 (2001) test method. In addition, the durability is measured by weighing 500 ± 50 g of pellets filtered by a sieve (specified in ISO 3310-2) with a diameter of 3.15 nm up to 0.01 g and placing it in a durability tester (specified in CEN / TS 15210-1). After 500 turns test with 2 turns, the sieve was again filtered through a sieve having a diameter of 3.15 nm, and then the weight of the pellet remaining in the sieve was measured. As the mass ratio of the remaining pellet to the initial mass, It was obtained through. The results are shown in the following [Table 7].

[Equation]

DU = (m _a / m _e ) x 100

DU: durable

m _a : Pellet weight after sieving after durability test

m _e : Pellet weight after sieving before durability test

                <Property Evaluation Results by Composition> Item Waste oil content
(Parts by weight) carbonization
Temperature (℃) Carbonization
Minutes Calorific Value (kcal / kg) durability(%) stink Before carbonization After carbonization Before carbonization After carbonization Before carbonization After carbonization Example 3
2.0 170 15 4100 4350 87.73 99.37 has exist none Example 4
5.0 160 15 4650 4850 83.01 96.54 has exist none Example 5
10.0 155 15 5260 5423 77.36 91.03 has exist none Example 6
20.0 150 10 5805 5980 67.52 87.88 has exist none Example 7
30.0 140 8 6530 6710 56.87 85.79 has exist none

In addition, it was carried out in the same manner as in Example 4 (5 parts by weight of oil), but was carbonized at a different carbonization temperature. Specifically, the oil content of 5 parts by weight of the molded body is put in an electric furnace and sealed, and then heated, according to each specimen (Examples 8 to 11 and Comparative Examples 3 to 4) as shown in Table 8 below. Carbonization was carried out for 15 minutes at different temperatures. The calorific value and the durability after carbonization were measured in the same manner as above, and the results are shown in the following [Table 8].

             <Result of calorific value and durability according to carbonization temperature> Remarks Before carbonization After carbonization Example 4 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Carbonization temperature
(℃) - 160 200 250 300 350 400 500 Calorific value
(kcal / kg) 4650 4850 4903 4963 5029 5088 5052 5060 durability
(%) 83.01 96.54 96.92 97.38 95.24 93.52 87.37 83.33

As shown in [Table 7], it can be seen that the calorific value and durability vary depending on the amount of waste oil (oil). In particular, it can be seen that the calorific value and durability are improved when carbonized at low temperature according to the present invention. That is, the carbonization (after carbonization) was found to increase the calorific value and durability than before carbonization. And the odor was removed. In addition, as shown in Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 of the [Table 8], as a result of carbonization at a high temperature it can be seen that the durability rather than the increase in the amount of heat generated.

Therefore, it can be seen from the above experimental example that the solid fuel has good durability as the calorific value increases when carbonized at low temperature at 350 ° C. or lower.

1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a solid fuel according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a manufacturing process diagram according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a sectional view showing the principal parts of an example of the manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention.

4 is a sectional configuration view of main parts showing another example of the manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing an exemplary appearance of a molding machine used in the present invention.

Figure 6 is a perspective view showing an exemplary appearance of the sealed reservoir used in the present invention.

Description of the Related Art

10, 50: grinder 20: heating tank

30: waste oil storage tank 40: deoiler

60: mixer 70: molding machine

80: dryer 90: airtight storage tank

Claims (8)

A bath / heating step in which at least one organic material selected from biomass and waste paper is added to a heating bath containing oil, and heated in a bath, while spraying a bubble inhibitor to the bath to suppress bubbles generated by evaporation of water. ; A deoiling step of separating oil from organic matter discharged from the heating tank; And Solid fuel manufacturing method comprising the step of molding the deoiled organic material into a molded body. A bath / heating step in which at least one organic material selected from biomass and waste paper is added to a heating bath containing oil, and heated in a bath, while spraying a bubble inhibitor to the bath to suppress bubbles generated by evaporation of water. ; A deoiling step of separating oil from organic matter discharged from the heating tank; Mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of a binder, an oil, and an emulsifier to the deoiled organic material; And Solid fuel manufacturing method comprising the step of molding the mixture into a molded body. The method according to claim 1 or 2, And a carbonization step of carbonizing the molded body. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The bath / heating step is a method for producing a solid fuel, characterized in that the spraying the bubble inhibitor in the heating bath and at the same time giving ultrasonic vibration, and the bath, heating. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The foam inhibitors alcohol, decanoic acid (lauric acid), lauric acid (lauric acid), mystic acid (myristic acid), palmitic acid (palmitic acid), stearic acid (stearic acid), oleic acid (oleic acid) One selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, oxystearine, dimethyl polysiloxane, silicon dioxide, sorbitan monostearate and silicon resin Or a mixture of two or more thereof. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The biomass is a method of producing a solid fuel, characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of grain, wood, animal manure, food waste and sewage sludge. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The waste paper manufacturing method of the solid fuel, characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of paper, newspaper, toilet paper, diapers and waste paper sludge discharged from the paper mill. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The heating bath includes a main body containing oil; A heat supply unit for heating the main body; A discharge port through which steam generated by heating is discharged; An injection hole for spraying the bubble inhibitor; And a forced transfer means for discharging the hot water / heated organic matter.

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