KR20100109250A - Combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A combustion device is provided to improve thermal efficiency by blocking the heat transfer to the outside of a main body with guide blades. CONSTITUTION: A combustion device(100) comprises a plurality of guide blades(40) which are installed lengthwise along the outer periphery of a combustion chamber(21). The guide blades are overlapped with each other to cover the combustion chamber. A flow path is formed by the adjacent guide blades to conduct air in the circumferential direction into the combustion chamber.

Description

Combustion apparatus

The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to a combustion apparatus that introduces air into the combustion chamber to cause combustion in the combustion chamber.

In general, in a combustion apparatus, pulverized coal, liquid or gaseous fuel is supplied into a combustion chamber in a sprayed or vaporized state, and the supplied fuel is mixed with air supplied from the outside to combust.

Whether a combustion chamber is physically divided into a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, or one combustion chamber is divided into two zones, most combustion apparatuses start mixing with primary air in the primary combustion chamber. Secondary air is supplied from the rear stage to burn unburned gas. At this time, it is important to make the fuel and air mixed well to achieve the complete combustion.

Various methods have been conventionally proposed for mixing fuel and air well, but most of them make the air flow for combustion into a swirling air stream so that the fuel and air mix well. To this end, a plurality of nozzles are formed in the passages of the air supplied into the combustion chamber to supply swirling air to form a swirl of air in the combustion chamber, thereby making the swirling air flow, and supplying the air in the axial direction of the combustion flame. Wings are also installed to make swirling air.

In addition, since preheating and supplying air supplied through the nozzle may increase the combustion efficiency, the air supply line may be preheated while passing through the flue or passing through a separate heat exchanger so that the air may be preheated before entering the combustion chamber.

In addition, since the heat efficiency is increased by blocking heat emitted to the outside of the combustion chamber and minimizing the heat lost, the insulation may be installed along the outer circumference of the combustion chamber.

However, the conventional combustion apparatus has a disadvantage in that the nozzle, the air preheater, and the heat insulator for supplying the swirling air are separately configured, so that the size of the combustion apparatus is increased and the apparatus is complicated.

1 shows an example of a solid fuel combustion device for forming a conventional swirl air stream.

The air supplied from the outside is supplied into the combustion chamber 1 through the plurality of nozzles 2, wherein the air supplied through the plurality of nozzles 2 forms a swirling air stream while colliding and rotating with each other, and radiant heat of flame Is mixed with the gas evaporated from the fuel 3a in the fuel container 3 to cause combustion. At this time, the amount of gas evaporated from the fuel is determined by the radiant heat of the flame. As the temperature of the flame increases, the amount of the evaporated gas increases, the combustion is actively performed, and the combustion speed is increased to enable high-speed combustion. However, when the combustion temperature is increased, the temperature of the combustion chamber wall directly exposed to the radiated heat is increased, so that the combustion chamber wall is melted or the strength is lowered by high temperature. Therefore, an expensive heat-resistant material should be used. In addition, the heat insulating material 4 is installed to prevent heat from dissipating to the outside. As the combustion temperature is higher, the thickness of the heat insulating material becomes thicker, thereby increasing the overall size of the combustion device.

Figure 2 shows another conventional solid fuel combustion apparatus without a heat insulating material.

The air introduced through the air inlet 5 in the combustion device flows in the direction of the arrow through the flow path formed along the periphery of the combustion chamber wall 6 and enters the combustion chamber 1. At this time, the air flowing along the combustion chamber wall 6 cools the combustion chamber wall and prevents heat inside the combustion chamber 1 from being released to the outside through the combustion chamber wall 6. That is, the air flowing into the combustion chamber serves as a heat insulating material. However, only the air flowing through the flow path formed along the combustion chamber wall 6 is difficult to sufficiently cool and insulate the combustion chamber, and still a considerable amount of heat is released to the outside through the combustion chamber wall 6, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the combustion apparatus. Degrades. In addition, in order for efficient combustion to occur, air must be guided to the lower part of the combustion chamber 1 and sufficiently mixed with the gas evaporated from the solid fuel. The air entering the combustion chamber 1 is combusted in the combustion chamber and rises upward. There is a problem in that the collision in the upper portion of the combustion chamber is not sufficiently delivered to the lower portion of the combustion chamber to prevent efficient combustion.

Accordingly, the present invention has been invented in view of the above circumstances, and by achieving such an effect in one simple configuration without having to separately install the configuration for forming the swirling air, the air preheating device and the heat insulating material, while miniaturizing the combustion device, It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion device that can reduce manufacturing costs and improve thermal efficiency at the same time.

The combustion apparatus which introduces air into the combustion chamber of the present invention to cause combustion in the combustion chamber includes a plurality of guide vanes installed in a longitudinal direction along the outer periphery of the combustion chamber, and the air passes through a flow path formed by adjacent guide vanes. Characterized in that it is introduced into the combustion chamber in the circumferential direction.

In addition, the plurality of guide vanes are characterized in that they are installed to overlap each other along the outer periphery of the combustion chamber to surround the entire combustion chamber.

In addition, the guide blade is characterized in that the area of the air flow path formed in the direction of the combustion chamber by the guide blades overlap each other is arranged to become narrower from the flow path inlet to the flow path outlet.

In addition, the guide blade is characterized in that formed in a thin plate-like member having a flat or smooth curved surface.

In addition, the air is characterized in that it is supplied through the guide blades from the air supply pipe respectively installed in the upper and lower parts of the combustion chamber.

According to the combustion apparatus of the present invention, there is an advantage that can reduce the manufacturing cost and at the same time improve the thermal efficiency while miniaturizing the combustion apparatus.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, in adding reference numerals to the elements of each drawing, it should be noted that the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they are shown in different drawings.

3 is a view showing the combustion device 100 of the present invention, Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line XX 'of the combustion device of Figure 3, Figure 5 is a guide vane 40 of the present invention 6 is a view showing the arrangement and configuration, and FIG. 6 is a view showing a flow path of air in the combustion apparatus of the present invention.

The combustion device 100 includes a fuel container 10, a main body 20, a blower 30, a guide wing 40, and a heat exchanger 50.

The fuel container 10 is located below the main body 20 to store the fuel 12 (eg, coal) transferred by the fuel transfer device 11. The fuel 12 is evaporated by the flame and moved to the combustion chamber 21, and mixed with air supplied through the guide vanes 40 in the combustion chamber 21 to be combusted.

The main body 20 is, for example, a cylindrical shape and a combustion chamber 21 is formed in the inner space of the combustion.

Air supplied by the blower 30 is introduced into the combustion chamber 21 through the air supply pipe 31, the air cylinder 32, and the guide vane 40.

The guide blade 40 is a thin plate-like member having a smooth curved surface, a plurality of guide wings are installed in the longitudinal direction along the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 21, both ends of the guide blade 40, the upper support portion 41 And the lower support 42, respectively (see FIG. 5). Each guide blade 40 overlaps each other and surrounds the entire outer circumference of the combustion chamber so that the combustion chamber 21 is not exposed to the outside of the guide blade.

The heat exchanger 50 is installed above the main body 20 to transfer heat of exhaust gas generated by combustion to a heat exchange medium (for example, heating water). The exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 60 above the combustion apparatus.

6 is a view showing a flow path of air flowing into the combustion apparatus of the present invention.

The air blown by the blower 30 is supplied into the passage A of the air cylinder 32 installed outside the fuel tank 10 along the air supply pipe 31. The air supply pipe 31 is preferably installed in the circumferential direction so that air is supplied along the circumferential direction. The supplied air is supplied to the passage B formed along the outer circumference of the combustion chamber 21 through the opening 43 between the main body 20 and the air cylinder 32 while rotating along the passage A (see FIG. 3). . Air is supplied into the combustion chamber 21 in the arrow direction (circumferential direction) along a plurality of flow paths formed by the respective guide vanes 40 while rotating in the passage B. As shown in FIG. At this time, the air passing through the opening 43 is accelerated while passing through the narrow flow path inlet C formed by the respective guide vanes 40, and again passes through the flow path outlet D narrower than the flow path inlet C. It is further accelerated to enter the combustion chamber 21. Accordingly, air entering the combustion chamber 21 in the circumferential direction through the plurality of guide vanes 40 forms a strong swirling air flow. Such swirling air flow is evaporated from the fuel container 10 and mixed with fuel gas entering the combustion chamber 21 to form a flame.

In general, when a flame is formed, a carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) film is formed outside the flame to block contact with air. In the combustion apparatus of the present invention, the air supplied into the combustion chamber 21 is accelerated and supplied while rotating around the flame at a high speed so that the air can easily contact the fuel gas by shaking the carbon dioxide film of the flame. Thus, by allowing the fuel gas and the air to mix well, a stable flame is formed and the combustion efficiency is increased.

The more fuel gas and air is supplied into the combustion chamber 21, the more active combustion is, and the calorific value increases. At this time, the guide blade 40 formed along the outer circumference of the combustion chamber 21 is heated by the radiated heat. However, since the guide vanes 40 heated in the present invention are cooled by the air supplied into the combustion chamber 21 along the flow path formed by the adjacent guide vanes, the temperature is prevented from rising excessively.

In addition, since the guide blades 40 are formed to overlap each other along the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 21, air entering the combustion chamber through the guide blades 40 is the front surface (40a) and the rear surface (40b) of each guide blade It will flow along both surfaces of the. Thus, the guide blade 40 can be sufficiently cooled by the air passing through both sides thereof. In addition, since the plurality of guide vanes 40 are overlapped and installed in the form of enclosing the flame, the guide vanes can absorb heat generated in the combustion chamber 21 compared to when the guide vanes 40 are not overlapped. The heat transfer area becomes larger, which effectively blocks heat radiated from the flame. Therefore, in the combustion apparatus of the present invention, the temperature of the guide blade 40 or the main body 20 does not increase excessively without installing a heat-resistant material or a heat insulator, and the heat generated in the combustion chamber 21 is effectively dissipated to the outside. You can block.

In addition, the air introduced into the combustion chamber 21 through the flow path formed by the adjacent guide vanes 40 absorbs the heat transferred to the guide vanes while cooling the guide vanes 40. By this heat, the air enters the combustion chamber 21 in a preheated state and is mixed with the fuel gas, and thus the combustion speed is further increased. Therefore, in the combustion apparatus of the present invention, since the air is naturally preheated while the air is introduced into the combustion chamber 21, the air preheater installed in the conventional combustion apparatus is not required.

In addition, the heat supplied to the guide blade 40 and the main body 20 is absorbed by the air supplied through the guide blade 40 to be brought into the combustion chamber 21, the air can recover the radiant heat by combustion again. . Therefore, since the heat emitted to the outside can be minimized to implement a combustion device having high thermal efficiency, the size of the combustion chamber can be reduced by 50% or more compared with other conventional combustion devices that produce the same amount of heat. As a result of the experiment, the calorific value of the combustion device having a diameter of 300 φ in the combustion chamber is 20,000 kcal / h, whereas the combustion device of the present invention exhibits a calorific value of 200,000 kcal / h in the combustion chamber of the same diameter, increasing the calorific value by 10 times. I could confirm that.

In addition, since the temperature of the guide vane 40 and the main body 20 is not excessively increased, the material of the guide vane and the main body can use a relatively inexpensive corrosion resistant material. For example, if a heat resistant stainless steel 310 is used as a heat-resistant material in the conventional combustion device, the stainless steel 304 can be used which is much cheaper than the stainless steel 310 in the present invention.

As described above, according to the combustion apparatus of the present invention, the air is guided by a plurality of guide vanes 40 installed in the longitudinal direction along the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 21 and introduced into the combustion chamber in the circumferential direction. The passing air cools the guide vanes and at the same time absorbs the heat of the guide vanes, which does not require insulation or heat-resistant materials and does not require the installation of an air preheater. In addition, since air flows into the combustion chamber 21 while forming swirling air flow at high speed along the circumferential direction, air and fuel gas are well mixed to improve combustion efficiency. In addition, the heat dissipated to the outside of the main body 20 by the guide vane 40 can be effectively blocked, so that the thermal efficiency can be improved, and the combustion apparatus can be made compact.

The effect of the present invention is further improved by installing the guide vanes 40 overlap each other along the outer periphery of the combustion chamber.

Meanwhile, although the blower 30 and the air supply pipe 31 are installed in the lower part of the main body 20 in FIG. 3, the air is supplied from the lower part of the combustion chamber 21, but the blower and the air in the upper part of the main body 20. A supply pipe may be installed to allow air to be supplied from the top of the combustion chamber 21 through the guide vanes. In addition, a blower and an air supply pipe may be provided between the upper and lower parts of the main body 20 (that is, the combustion chamber side) to allow air to be supplied from the side of the combustion chamber 21 through the guide vanes. When it is necessary to introduce more air into the combustion chamber 21, a blower and an air supply pipe are installed in two or more positions of the upper, side, and lower portions of the main body 20, and from the upper, side, or lower portion of the combustion chamber 21. It is also possible to supply air through the guide vanes.

In the above, although the solid fuel as the fuel used in the combustion apparatus of the present invention has been described as an example, liquid fuel such as petroleum and gaseous fuel such as gas can also be used. In addition, although the shape of the guide vane 40 is described above to have a smooth curved surface, the guide vane may be formed in a thin flat plate and disposed along the outer circumference of the combustion chamber 21, thereby exhibiting the same effect.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention will be.

1 is a view showing an example of a conventional solid fuel combustion device.

2 is a view showing another conventional solid fuel combustion device without the insulation.

3 shows a combustion apparatus of the present invention.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram cut along the line X-X 'in FIG.

5 is a view showing the arrangement and configuration of the guide blade of the present invention.

6 is a view showing a flow path of air in the combustion apparatus of the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: fuel container

11: fuel feeder

12: fuel

20: main body

21: combustion chamber

30: blower

31: air supply pipe

32: air reservoir

40: guide wing

41: upper support

42: lower support part

43: opening

50: heat exchanger

60 exhaust pipe

Claims (6)

In a combustion device that introduces air into the combustion chamber to cause combustion in the combustion chamber, Comprising a plurality of guide wings installed in the longitudinal direction along the outer periphery of the combustion chamber, Air is introduced into the combustion chamber in the circumferential direction through the flow path formed by the adjacent guide vanes. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of guide vanes are installed to overlap each other along the outer circumference of the combustion chamber so as to surround the entire combustion chamber. The combustion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an area of the air flow path formed in the direction of the combustion chamber by the guide blades overlapping with each other is narrowed from the flow path inlet to the flow path outlet. The combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide blade is formed of a thin plate-like member having a flat or smooth curved surface. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air is supplied through the guide vanes from an air supply pipe installed at the upper or lower portion of the combustion chamber. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air is supplied through the guide vanes from an air supply pipe installed at the side of the combustion chamber.

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