KR20100089729A

KR20100089729A - Pipeline monitoring system using fiber bragg grating sensor

Info

Publication number: KR20100089729A
Application number: KR1020090061867A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이금석
Original assignee: 이금석
Priority date: 2009-02-03
Filing date: 2009-07-07
Publication date: 2010-08-12

Abstract

PURPOSE: A pipeline monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor is provided to enable a manager to rapidly handle an abnormal problem of a pipeline by installing a sensing unit outside the pipeline. CONSTITUTION: A pipeline monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor comprises a pipeline(2), a pressure generating unit(4), and sensing units(5). An inlet is formed in the pipeline. The pressure generating unit generates suction force in the pipeline. The sensing units are installed inside and outside the pipeline and senses pressure and deformation using an optical fiber grating sensor.

Description

Pipeline Monitoring System using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor

The present invention relates to a transport pipeline monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor, and in particular, by mounting a sensor for detecting the temperature, pressure displacement using the optical fiber grating sensor in a common transport pipe, such as water, sewage pipe, gas transport pipe, waste transport pipe The present invention relates to a transport pipeline monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor that automatically detects and displays a blockage inside a pipeline and damages to the pipeline.

As is well known, with the development of the residential environment as a modern group apartment complex or a high-rise residential complex, the scale of household waste also began to increase astronomically, thus collecting trash collected at certain places periodically. There is a limitation in the existing waste collection method.

For more advanced garbage collection methods suitable for large residential complexes, a waste transport pipeline is isolated from the building to the garbage collection site, and the garbage is transported to the internal air stream to automatically waste. There has been proposed an air transfer waste automatic treatment system to be transported to the collection site.

FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of a conventional air transfer type automatic waste disposal system, and a waste inlet (a) is disposed at each floor of a building in a group residential area, and the waste inlet (a) is a transport pipe line branched into multiple strands. In communication with (b), the waste to be injected is transferred through the transfer pipe (b), and suction power is generated and transferred through the intake device (c) provided at the end.

It is a system which is sent to and processed by the collection area d provided at the end of the delivery line b.

In the conventional air transfer type automatic waste disposal system, waste is injected into the collection area by air flow from the sealed transport pipe to the collection site, so that unpleasant odors or other contaminants are leaked around the residential area. Hygienic and complete collection is possible without

However, the automatic waste disposal system did not have a means of physically detecting and marking a blocked point even when the waste accumulated in the pipeline was blocked.

For this reason, if the amount of garbage collected from the waste collection area is unexpectedly reduced, the facility manager locates the garbage accumulation point through the inspection window arranged at a certain distance along the pipeline and takes necessary measures.

Therefore, there was a difficulty in managing the automatic waste disposal system.

The present invention is to provide a transport channel monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

That is, by installing the sensing means using the optical fiber grating sensor on the outside of the transfer pipe, if any abnormality such as breakage, perforation, deformation, or blockage occurs in the transfer pipe, the temperature change and the deformation of the pipe inside the transfer pipe immediately The object of the present invention is to provide a garbage collection system using an optical fiber grating sensor that can be quickly detected by the administrator by detecting and transmitting it to the controller.

The object of the present invention mentioned above can be solved by the embodiments proposed below.

The present invention, a sensing means having a plurality of transport pipes connected to the plurality, the pressure generating unit for generating a suction or compression force in the transport pipe, the inlet and the outlet side of the transport pipe, having an optical fiber grating sensor inside or outside And a temperature sensing unit so as to detect a temperature change in the transfer pipe, a control unit for determining whether there is an abnormality by receiving signals from the sensing unit and the temperature sensing unit, and warning means for informing the manager when an abnormal signal is generated from the control unit. The sensing means and the temperature sensing unit may be achieved by a waste collection system using an optical fiber grating sensor that detects temperature changes and deformations in the transport pipe to determine whether an abnormality such as breakage, deformation or clogging of the transport pipe occurs. Can be.

The sensing means is characterized by consisting of a protective tube having a hollow, a fixing piece provided at both ends of the protective tube, and the optical fiber and the optical fiber grating sensor inserted in a loose state in the protective tube.

The sensing means is installed while surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the transfer pipe by installing a belt or band on the fixing piece.

The middle of the belt or band is divided, and the brackets made of metal pieces having fastening holes on both sides thereof are formed to face each other, and the fastening bolts are fastened to the fastening holes of the respective brackets.

The sensing means is characterized in that the protective cap is installed on the outside to be protected from external forces.

The transfer conduit is characterized in that a plurality of sensing means having different reflection wavelength characteristics are installed by providing optical fiber grating sensors having different reflection wavelength characteristics.

The transfer conduit is characterized by detecting a position on the basis of a time difference between the wavelengths of the reflected light by providing a plurality of sensing means having the same reflected wavelength characteristics by providing the optical fiber grating sensors having the same reflected wavelength characteristics.

The temperature sensing unit is further installed to be in close contact with the outer surface of the transfer pipe, and the temperature sensing unit is characterized in that the optical fiber grating sensor is built in.

On the outer surface of the transfer pipe, the optical fiber is installed in close contact with the optical fiber grating sensor to transmit the reflected light, and when the transfer pipe breaks due to external pressure, the optical fiber is also broken and detects the change in the amount of light of the optical fiber grating sensor. do.

The transfer pipeline system using the optical fiber grating sensor according to the present invention changes the temperature inside the pipeline due to abnormal occurrences such as breakage, perforation, deformation, or blockage in the normal transfer pipeline such as water, sewage pipe, gas transfer pipe, and waste transfer pipe. And by immediately detecting the deformation and sending it to the control unit can check whether the abnormality of the pipeline can be more stable system operation is possible.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the transport line monitoring system using the optical fiber grating sensor according to the present invention.

1 is an overall configuration diagram conceptually showing a transport line monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor according to the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the transport channel monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor according to the present invention,

A feed pipe 2 formed with an inlet 22 and connected in plurality;

A pressure generating unit (4) for generating a suction force in the transfer pipe (2);

It is installed inside and outside of the transfer pipe (2) and comprises a sensing means (5) for detecting the pressure and volume deformation using an optical fiber grating sensor.

In addition, a temperature sensing unit 7 is further provided to detect a temperature change in the transfer pipe 2.

In addition, the control unit 6 which receives the signals of the sensing means 5 and the temperature sensing unit 7 and determines whether there is an abnormality, and the warning means 10 for notifying the manager when an abnormal signal is generated from the control unit 6 is further provided.

Therefore, the sensing means 5 and the temperature sensing unit 7 detect a change in temperature in the transfer pipe 2 to determine whether an abnormality such as breakage, deformation, clogging or the like of the transfer pipe 2 occurs.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the sensing means of the overall configuration of the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing in detail the coupling portion of the sensing means of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the sensing means (5a, 5b),

Empty protective tube (52),

Fixing pieces 53 provided at both ends of the protective tube 52,

An optical fiber (L) installed inside and outside the protective tube 52;

It consists of an optical fiber strain sensor (S1) formed in the optical fiber (L) in the protective tube (52).

The sensing means 5 are installed in two types.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, it is divided into 1 type 5a provided in the longitudinal direction parallel to the conveyance line 2, and 2 type 5b provided in the radial direction perpendicular to the conveyance line 2. As shown in FIG.

Sensing means (5a) according to the first type is the protective tube 52 is installed in the longitudinal direction parallel to the transfer pipe (2), the optical fiber (L) is also installed at both ends of the protective pipe (52) transfer pipe (2) Installed parallel to

The sensing means (5b) is installed in the longitudinal direction can measure the vibration and deformation of the transfer pipe (2), the expected displacement is 2 ~ 6 micro strain when the pipe blockage occurs, it is difficult to determine whether the pipe blockage position detection. .

Meanwhile, the sensing means 5b according to the two types are installed in a direction (diameter direction) in which the protective tube 52 is perpendicular to the transfer pipe 2, and the optical fiber L is also installed at both ends of the protective tube 52. It is installed to be perpendicular to the transfer pipe (2).

The sensing means (5b) is installed in the radial direction can measure the radial strain of the transfer pipe (2), the expected displacement is 10-20 micro strain when the clogging occurs, it is possible to detect the clogging position.

In addition, the optical fiber strain sensor (S1) is mounted to the optical fiber (L) installed in a straight line inside or outside the protective tube 52, the optical fiber (L) in the loose state to have an appropriate tension of both ends of the protective tube (52) It is fixedly fixed to both ends by fixing agent.

The fixing piece 53 is formed with a fixing portion having a bendability so that it can be installed even when the surface to be attached is not flat.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fixing part is formed on the upper surface of the fixing piece 53 and has a lower fixing plate 55 having a concave recessed hemispherical groove, and is coupled to an upper portion of the lower fixing plate 55 and has a hemispherical groove. It consists of an upper fixing plate 54.

And the outer side of the protective tube 52 is coupled to the ball 56 is open on one side, the protective tube 52 can be rotated 360 ° by inserting the ball 56 into the hemispherical groove of the fixing portion.

And the ball 56 is rotated 360 ° naturally leveling, the error of the measurement distance (B) is the fixing piece (53) inserted into the inside of the ball is moved to the front and rear to lower the measurement plate 55 It will move naturally to the distance of.

At this time, as the fastening bolt 58 is tightened, the ball 56 is subjected to stress and the open side is crushed, thereby acting to fix the protective tube 52 so that no further movement occurs.

The ball 56 serves as a kind of joint, and opening one side of the ball 56 by cutting it in order to induce the ball to be more distorted when fixed by the fastening bolt 58.

Then, when the control bolt 58 for protecting and setting the optical fiber strain sensor is released, the installation is completed, and the sensing means 5 of the present invention senses the pressure change of the transfer pipe 2 sensitively.

Meanwhile, a protective molding 3 is further provided on the outer circumferential surface of the transfer pipe 2 to protect the optical fiber L.

As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, the protective molding 3 has a constant length, and a space 32 is formed therein, and an insertion hole 34 for inserting an optical fiber is formed at the bottom thereof.

The protective molding 3 is made of soft or hard synthetic resin and is adhesively fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the transfer pipe 2.

The optical fiber strain sensor is a conventional optical fiber grating sensor.

Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor is used to engrave several fiber Bragg gratings on a single fiber according to a certain length, and then to reflect the wavelength of light reflected from each grating according to external conditions such as temperature or tension. It is a sensor using different characteristics.

In general, a material such as germanium (Ge) is usually added to the optical fiber core in order to increase the refractive index than the cladding, and structural defects may occur when the material is deposited on the silica glass.

In this case, when irradiated with strong ultraviolet rays to the optical fiber core, the bonding structure of germanium is deformed and the refractive index of the optical fiber is changed. An optical fiber grating is a cyclic change in the refractive index of the optical fiber core using this phenomenon.

This grating reflects only the wavelengths satisfying the Bragg conditions, and has the characteristic of transmitting other wavelengths as they are.

When the ambient temperature of the grating is changed or tension is applied to the grating, the refractive index or length of the optical fiber changes, which causes the wavelength of reflected light to change.

Therefore, by measuring the wavelength of the light reflected from the optical fiber grating sensor, it is possible to detect the temperature, tension, pressure, bending.

The optical fiber grating sensor changes the refractive index of the core portion of the optical fiber at a constant period and selectively reflects only light having a specific wavelength.

In addition, the optical fiber grating sensor has a unique wavelength value and is excellent in physical properties such as not being affected by electromagnetic waves, and thus replaces an existing electric gauge, and its use range is rapidly increasing. It is becoming.

In general, while the optical fiber grating sensor has a very high tensile force per unit area, the diameter of the optical fiber grating sensor is very small (125 μm), and thus it may be easily damaged by an external impact.

In this embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent damage to the optical fiber strain sensor and to combine more concisely, a belt or band (V) is installed on the fixing piece (53) so that it can be installed while wrapping the outer circumferential surface of the transfer pipe (2). It was.

The reason for using the belt or band (V) is to facilitate the mounting of the sensing means (5) without damaging the coating coated on the outer surface of the transfer pipe (2).

By preventing the damage of the coating in this way, even if the transfer pipe (2) in the basement to obtain the advantage that can be prevented from corrosion by moisture infiltration.

In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the belt or band (V) in the middle can be firmly coupled by installing a tightening bolt (10).

That is, the middle of the belt or band (V) is divided, and the brackets 11 made of metal pieces having fastening holes on both sides thereof are formed to face each other, and then the fastening bolts 58 are fastened to the fastening holes of the respective brackets 11. ) Is fastened.

On the other hand, the sensing means (5a) is provided with a protective cap 100 on the outside to be protected from external forces.

4 is a view showing a state in which a protective cap is mounted on the sensing means of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 4, the protective cap 100 is a rectangular box shape is installed to surround the protective tube 52 and the fixing piece 53, the side so that the belt or band (V) of the sensing means (5a) is passed through The through-hole 110 is formed.

That is, when the belt or the band (V) of the sensing means (5a) is in contact with the protective cap 100 causes an interference in the optical fiber strain sensor (S1) is to form a through-hole 110 to prevent this.

Both side surfaces of the protective cap 100 is further provided with a cover belt 120 mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the transfer pipe (2).

In addition, the protective cap 100 is further provided with a shape maintaining means.

The shape maintaining means is a bolt 130 is coupled to pass through one side of the protective cap 100;

The nut 140 is fastened to the bolt 130.

Accordingly, the shape of the protective cap 100 may be maintained so that both sides of the protective cap 100 are not opened by the combination of the bolt 130 and the nut 140.

That is, the bolt 130 and the nut 140 are fastened so as to prevent a closed end that may be opened while both sides of the protective cap 100 are crushed by the pressure applied from the upper side.

Of course, the protective cap 100 may be modified in various forms such as circular or oval rather than rectangular.

On the other hand, the sensing means (5a, 5b) has different reflection wavelength characteristics.

The measurement using the optical fiber strain sensor is to measure the broadband wavelength light source and reading the wavelength reflected from the optical fiber strain sensor.

At this time, the sensing means close to the control unit 6 and the sensing means far from each other cause a difference in intrinsic attenuation and connection loss due to the difference in distance between the optical transmission lines. Can be degraded.

That is, when the intensity of the wavelength reflected by the controller 6 differs from each other by a predetermined range or more, the controller 6 may not accurately measure the wavelength change.

Therefore, when multiple optical fiber strain sensors are installed, it is preferable to use an optical fiber strain sensor having a low reflectance as the sensing means installed near the control unit 6 and an optical fiber strain sensor having a high reflectance as the sensing means installed far away.

On the other hand, Figure 5 is a view showing a state equipped with the sensing means and the temperature sensing unit of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention further includes a temperature sensing unit 7 so as to detect a temperature change in the conveying pipe 2.

That is, by contacting the outer surface of the conveying pipe (2) by installing a temperature sensing unit 7 it is possible to detect the internal temperature change.

The temperature sensing unit 7 includes a protective tube having a hollow; Fixing pieces provided at both ends of the protective tube; It consists of an optical fiber inserted into the protective tube in a loose state and an optical fiber lattice sensor formed in the optical fiber, so that the optical fiber lattice sensor can detect the change in the wavelength caused by the temperature change to measure the temperature change. .

The temperature sensing unit 7 installed on the outer surface of the transfer pipe 2 is completed by waterproofing the exterior.

Meanwhile, FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a part of a transport line monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 6, the check manhole is provided in the feed line 2 at regular intervals, and a check hole 7 connected to the feed line 2 is provided inside the check man hole.

The check hole (7) is formed at both ends is coupled end portion 72 is coupled to the transfer pipe (2), the lid 74 is opened to be opened and closed, the lid 74 to measure the pressure inside It is preferable to attach the optical fiber pressure displacement sensor S2 so as to be possible, but if necessary, a hole may be provided in the feed pipe 2 in the inspection manhole and installed directly.

7 is a perspective view of the optical fiber pressure displacement sensor shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, the optical fiber pressure displacement sensor S2 has a space therein and has a box-shaped body S2-1 having an inlet hole S2-2 and a screw coupling part S2-3 at one side thereof. An arc-shaped deforming member S2-4 inserted into the main body S2-1, and an optical fiber L connected to both ends of the deforming member S2-4.

Therefore, when the air in the transfer pipe 2 is introduced through the inlet hole (S2-2), the deformation member (S2-4) increases or decreases according to the pressure fluctuations. It can be measured.

The optical fiber pressure displacement sensor (S2) has a predicted displacement of 100 to 500 micro strains when a blockage occurs in the pipe, and it is possible to determine the clogging position at the same time as detecting the blockage of the blower.

It looks at the operation of the present invention having the configuration as described above.

The working example of the present invention will be described by taking a transport system for garbage collection as an example.

When the garbage bag is introduced through the inlet 22 of the conveying pipe 2, the garbage bag is moved through the conveying pipe 2 by the suction force generated at the pressure generating part of the distal end, and is discharged through the opening of the distal end. It is contained in (8).

However, when the garbage bag is caught and stayed in the middle of the transfer pipe 2, a change in suction pressure, which is kept constant in the transfer pipe 2, occurs, and the optical fiber grating sensor of the sensing means 5 detects this. .

That is, as described above, when the ambient temperature is changed or tension is applied, the refractive index or length of the optical fiber is changed, so that the wavelength of reflected light is changed.

Therefore, by measuring the wavelength of the light reflected from the optical fiber strain sensor, it is possible to detect the temperature, tension, pressure, bending.

In particular, when the transfer pipe embedded in the basement is damaged or perforated, moisture in the basement flows into the transfer pipe, which causes the temperature in the transfer pipe 2 to change, and thus detects the temperature change by the sensing means 5 or the temperature sensing unit. (7) can detect and determine the occurrence of abnormality.

The detecting means 5 or the temperature sensing unit 7 which detects the abnormality transmits an abnormal signal to the control unit 6, and the control unit 6 receiving the signal operates the warning means 10 to the manager. You will be notified that this has occurred.

Managers can monitor where the anomaly is located and take immediate action to ensure correct maintenance.

The embodiment has been described using the waste collection transport system as an example, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and is applicable to a pipeline for transporting a fluid such as a gas.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated in detail using the preferable embodiment, the scope of the present invention is not limited to a specific embodiment and should be interpreted by the attached claim. In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 is an overall configuration diagram conceptually showing a garbage collection system according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the sensing means of the overall configuration of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing in detail the coupling portion of the sensing means of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a view showing a state equipped with a protective cap on the sensing means of the present invention.

5 is a view showing a state equipped with a sensing means and a temperature sensing unit of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a part of a transport line monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

8 is a view showing an example of a conventional automatic conveying waste disposal system.

2… Transfer pipe 4... Pressure generating part

5... Sensing means 6.. Control

10... Warning means 8. container

52... Protection officer 53... Fixed piece

54,55... Fixing plate 56... ball

58... Adjusting bolt 100.. Protective cap

Claims

An input port formed with a plurality of transfer pipes connected thereto;

A pressure generating unit generating a suction force in the transfer pipe;

Sensing means installed inside and outside the transfer pipe and detecting pressure and volumetric deformation using an optical fiber grating sensor.

Transfer line monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor comprising a.

The method of claim 1,

The sensing means,

Sheath with an empty interior;

Fixing pieces provided at both ends of the protective tube;

A belt or band installed on the fixing piece and fastened to a transfer pipe;

Optical fibers installed inside and outside the protective tube;

Optical fiber strain sensor formed on the optical fiber in the protective tube

3. The method of claim 2,

The sensing means

The protective pipe is installed in the longitudinal direction parallel to the transfer pipe,

The optical fiber is also installed at both ends of the protective tube, the transport pipe line monitoring system using a fiber optic grid sensor, characterized in that installed in parallel with the transport pipe.

3. The method of claim 2,

The sensing means

The protection pipe is installed in a direction perpendicular to the transport pipe,

The optical fiber is also installed at both ends of the protective tube, the transport pipe line monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor, characterized in that installed so as to be perpendicular to the transport pipe.

The method of claim 1,

Transfer line monitoring using an optical fiber grating sensor characterized in that the temperature sensing unit is further provided to detect the temperature change in the transfer line to detect the change in temperature caused by the leachate or pressure change in the transfer line. system.

The method of claim 5,

The temperature sensing unit,

Protective tube having a hollow;

Fixing pieces provided at both ends of the protective tube;

An optical fiber inserted into the protective tube in a loose state;

An optical fiber lattice sensor formed on the optical fiber

The method according to claim 2 or 5,

The fixing piece is formed with a fixing portion having flexibility,

The fixing part

A lower fixing plate formed on the upper surface of the fixing piece and having a concave recessed hemispherical groove;

An upper fixing plate coupled to an upper portion of the lower fixing plate and having a hemispherical groove;

Ball formed on the outside of the protective tube is inserted into the hemispherical groove

The method of claim 1,

A protective molding is further provided on the outer circumferential surface of the transfer pipe to protect the optical fiber,

The protective molding has a predetermined length and has a space formed therein, the lower part of the transport pipe line monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor, characterized in that the insertion hole for inserting the optical fiber is formed.

3. The method of claim 2,

The sensing means is provided with a protective cap on the outside,

The protective cap

A through hole formed in a side surface of the belt or band to pass therethrough;

Cover belts formed on both sides to be mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the transfer pipe

The method of claim 9,

The protective cap is further provided with a shape maintaining means,

The shape maintaining means is a bolt coupled to pass through one side of the protective cap;

Nut fastened to the bolt

The method of claim 1,

The transfer pipe is provided with check holes at regular intervals,

The check hole is formed at both ends of the coupling end coupled to the transfer pipe,

The lid is installed to open and close at the top,

The capping line monitoring system using the optical fiber grating sensor, characterized in that the cap is attached to the optical fiber pressure displacement sensor to measure the pressure inside.

The method of claim 11,

The optical fiber pressure displacement sensor

A box-shaped body having a space therein and formed with an inlet hole and a screw coupling part at one side thereof;

An arc-shaped deformation member inserted into the main body;

Optical fibers connected to both ends of the deforming member

The method according to claim 1 or 5,

A control unit which receives signals from the sensing unit and the temperature sensing unit to determine whether there is an abnormality;

Warning means for informing the manager when an abnormal signal is generated from the controller

Transfer line monitoring system using an optical fiber grating sensor, characterized in that it further comprises.