KR20100088974A - Tunnel the upside reinforced structure and reinforcement method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A reinforcement structure for an upper part of a tunnel and a reinforcement method using the same are provided to completely block the water in a shotcrete layer from flowing toward a reinforcing bar along an anchor bolt. CONSTITUTION: A reinforcement structure for an upper part of a tunnel comprises an anchor bolt(30), a reinforcing piece(32), a fixing plate(33), a coupling shaft(40). The anchor bolt with male thread on the lower part is fixed to the ceiling of a shotcrete layer(21) in which a drain sheet(24) and a waterproof sheet(25) are installed. The reinforcing piece is formed in the anchor bolt above the male thread. The fixing plate is provided in the edge of the reinforcing piece to cover the reinforcing piece and attached to the waterproof sheet. The coupling shaft is formed with a head(41) on top and a hook(43) on bottom. Female thread(42) is formed in the head and coupled to the male thread of the anchor bolt. The hook is formed to arrange a reinforcing bar(50).

Description

Tunnel upper reinforcement structure and reinforcement method

The present invention relates to a tunnel upper reinforcement structure and a reinforcement method using the same, which can reliably block the water flowing in the shotcrete layer along the anchor bolt to the reinforcement side, and the tunnel upper reinforcement structure and the reinforcement method using the same It is about.

A tunnel is a tunnel with a substantial internal cross section formed by drilling holes in a mountain, underground, or cutlery for the purpose of transportation, water transportation, etc. In recent years, the construction of urban tunnels that penetrate underground spaces of the city has been increasing as the construction of subways has increased in order to distribute road traffic on the ground.

Various methods have been developed and applied to the construction methods of such tunnels. Currently, underground spaces including subway tunnels in urban areas are excavated using excavation equipment at the site of tunnel construction, and when there is rock, etc. The tunnel ball is formed by the blasting work. Since the excavated surface of the tunnel formed as described above is extremely curved and unsuitable for undertaking subsequent waterproofing work, the shotcrete layer is constructed by spraying shotcrete to stabilize the tunnel excavated surface and smooth the waterproof ground surface. In order to prevent the penetration of groundwater flowing into the tunnel, drainage sheets and waterproof sheets are constructed, and then lining concrete, a concrete reinforcement wall that protects the tunnel inner walls, is poured.

On the other hand, since the upper surface of the tunnel is a part in which the load applied to the entire tunnel is concentrated, reinforcement is necessary. Therefore, as shown in Figure 1 before installing the lining concrete layer is installed a reinforcing structure.

That is, the hole 2 is formed in the shotcrete layer 1, the anchor bolt 3 is coupled to the hole 2, and the lower packing 4 is coupled to the anchor bolt 3. The lower packing 4 is coupled to a separate bolt (5) to reinforce the rebar. As such, the lining concrete layer is placed in the state where the reinforcement is placed on the upper part of the tunnel, thereby reinforcing the upper surface of the tunnel.

However, in the conventional tunnel upper reinforcement structure, a fatal problem occurred, water flowing into the tunnel side and flowing in the shotcrete layer 1 is transferred to the reinforcing bars through the anchor bolts 3 and the bolts 5 below. Resulted in corrosion.

In order to solve this problem, a tunnel upper reinforcing structure as shown in FIG. 2 has been developed, which is anchored to the shotcrete layer 11 and the anchor bolt 13 and is fitted to the anchor bolt 13 of the waterproof sheet 12. The upper packing 14 and the upper female threaded portion 16 and the lower female threaded portion 17 are formed at the upper portion to be in close contact with the shotcrete layer 11, and the upper female threaded portion 16 is fastened to the anchor bolt 13. The joint 15, the bolt 18 coupled to the lower female threaded portion 17 of the joint 15, and the reinforcing bars are reinforced, and the lower packing coupled to the circumference of the joint 15 and closely adhered to the waterproof sheet 12. It consists of 19.

The conventional tunnel upper reinforcement structure, the upper packing 14 is further provided to be in close contact with the shotcrete layer 11 and to block the water flowing through the anchor bolt 13 is transferred to the reinforcing bars through the bolt 18 The upper space and the lower space is characterized in that the joint 15 is further provided.

However, the conventional tunnel upper reinforcement structure has a double packing structure consisting of the upper packing 14 and the lower packing 19 to support the waterproof sheet 12, so the number of parts is increased. In addition, since the joint 15 formed with the upper female threaded portion 16 and the lower female threaded portion 17 is further provided to block the flow of the water flowing through the anchor bolt 13 to the reinforcing bars, Construction costs increased.

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a tunnel upper reinforcement structure and a reinforcement method using the same to ensure that water flowing in the shotcrete layer flows to the reinforcement side along the anchor bolt.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel upper reinforcement structure and a reinforcement method using the same so that the structure is very simple.

Tunnel upper reinforcing structure of the present invention for achieving the above object, the anchor bolt is fixed to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer, the upper end is installed drainage sheet and waterproof sheet and a male screw portion formed at the bottom; Reinforcing pieces are formed integrally with the upper side anchor bolt of the male screw portion; A fixing plate provided on the anchor bolt to bury the reinforcing piece and being in close contact with the waterproof sheet; A coupling shaft having a head having a female thread portion formed at an upper end thereof to be fastened to an external thread portion of the anchor bolt, and having a hook formed at a lower end thereof; Reinforcement is supported on the hook of the coupling shaft; characterized in that consisting of.

Another feature of the tunnel upper reinforcing structure of the present invention, the fixing plate is coupled so that the lower end is located on the upper end of the male screw portion of the anchor bolt; The coupling shaft is formed such that the overall pitch of the female screw portion of the coupling shaft is larger than the overall pitch of the male screw portion so that the upper end of the head is pressed against the lower end of the fixing plate when the female screw portion is fastened to the male screw portion of the anchor bolt. .

Another feature of the tunnel upper reinforcing structure of the present invention, the fixing plate, the pressure distribution portion in the bottom surface to distribute the pressure to be pressed around the fixed plate when the head of the coupling shaft is pressed to the bottom of the fixed plate It protrudes.

Another feature of the tunnel upper reinforcing structure of the present invention, the fixing plate is elastically deformed when the anchor bolt is pressed into the hole side of the shotcrete layer on the upper surface of the fixing plate, the entire upper surface of the fixing sheet A curved surface that is concave inward is formed to be in close contact.

Tunnel reinforcement method of the present invention for achieving the above object, the upper end is fixed to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer, the drain sheet and the waterproof sheet is installed, the male thread is formed at the lower end, the reinforcing piece integrally on the upper side of the male screw portion An anchor bolt preparing step of preparing an anchor bolt having a fixing plate formed around the formed reinforcement piece; A coupling shaft preparation step of preparing a coupling shaft having a head formed with a female screw portion to be fastened to the male screw portion of the anchor bolt at a top thereof, and having a hook formed at the bottom thereof; When the anchor bolt is prepared to drill a hole in the ceiling of the drain sheet, waterproof sheet and shotcrete layer to secure the top of the anchor bolt; Anchor bolt fixing step of fixing the anchor bolt to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer by inserting an upper end of the anchor bolt into the perforated hole; A heat fusion step of fusing the fixing plate and the waterproof sheet by heating the fixing plate when the anchor bolt is fixed to the hole; A coupling shaft assembly step of fastening the female screw portion of the coupling shaft to the male screw portion of the anchor bolt after the heat fusion step; Reinforcing bar reinforcement step to reinforce the reinforcing bar to the hook of the coupling shaft after the coupling shaft assembly step; Characterized by consisting of a lining concrete layer pouring step of placing the concrete around the tunnel so that the reinforcement is reinforced after the reinforcement step to form a lining concrete layer.

As described above, the present invention is provided with a reinforcing piece integrated with the upper side of the male threaded portion of the anchor bolt, and a fixing plate is provided so that the reinforcing piece is embedded around the reinforcing piece. Therefore, the water flow between the anchor bolt and the coupling shaft is blocked by the reinforcing piece and the fixing plate, thereby preventing the water flowing through the anchor bolt from flowing through the coupling shaft to the rebar.

The present invention, as a component for reinforcing the reinforcing bar, is provided with an anchor bolt formed integrally with the reinforcing piece and the fixing plate, and a coupling shaft fastened to the male screw portion of the anchor bolt. The waterproof sheet is supported on the shotcrete layer by two components consisting of an anchor bolt and a coupling shaft, and water flow from the anchor bolt to the coupling shaft is blocked. Therefore, the total number of parts is reduced compared to the prior art, greatly reducing the assembly labor and construction cost.

In the coupling shaft of the present invention, the overall pitch of the female screw portion of the coupling shaft is formed larger than the overall pitch of the male screw portion so that the upper end of the head is pressed against the lower end of the fixing plate when the female screw portion is fastened to the male screw portion of the anchor bolt. Therefore, after tightening the female threaded portion of the coupling shaft to the male threaded portion of the anchor bolt, the upper end portion of the head presses the lower end portion of the fixing plate, thereby further fixing the fixing plate toward the waterproof sheet side. Therefore, the fixing plate and the waterproof sheet are more closely contacted, thereby improving the watertightness between them.

In the fixed plate of the present invention, a pressure distribution portion protrudes from the bottom surface to disperse the pressurized pressure around the fixed plate when the head of the coupling shaft is pressed against the bottom surface of the fixed plate. Therefore, when the head of the coupling shaft presses the pressure plane of the pressure distribution unit, the pressure is evenly distributed around the fixed plate through the inclined surface around the pressure plane, and thus the entire circumference of the fixed plate is tightly adhered to the waterproof sheet.

In addition, an upper concave curved surface is formed on the upper surface of the fixing plate such that when the anchor bolt is pressed against the hole side of the shotcrete layer, the fixing plate elastically deforms and the entire upper surface thereof is in close contact with the waterproof sheet. Therefore, as the upper surface of the fixing plate comes into close contact with the waterproof sheet, the curved surface is stretched and elastically deformed. Accordingly, the center of the curved surface as well as the perimeter of the curved surface are firmly adhered to the waterproof sheet. It firmly adheres to the waterproof sheet by the elastic restoring force of the fixing plate. Therefore, the problem that the circumference of the fixed plate is lifted is surely prevented, and the watertightness is further improved.

Specific features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a conventional tunnel upper reinforcement structure, Figure 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a conventional tunnel upper reinforcement structure, Figure 3 is a tunnel upper reinforcement structure of the present invention Is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the. 4 is an exploded cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, and FIGS. 5A to 5E are schematic cross-sectional views sequentially showing a construction method of the tunnel upper reinforcement structure.

The tunnel upper reinforcing structure of the present invention, the anchor bolt 30 and the coupling shaft 40 is large.

The anchor bolt 30 has an upper end portion fixed to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer 21 on which the drain sheet 24 and the waterproof sheet 25 are installed, and a male thread portion 31 is formed at the lower end thereof.

The reinforcing piece 32 is integrally formed in the anchor bolt 30 at the upper side of the male screw part 31 of the anchor bolt 30. The reinforcing piece 32 may be integrally cast with the anchor bolt 30, or the reinforcing piece 32 may be welded around the anchor bolt 30.

A fixed plate 33 is provided around the reinforcing piece 32 so that the reinforcing piece 32 is embedded. The fixing plate 33 is fixed to the circumference of the anchor bolt 30 to be in close contact with the waterproof sheet 25. The fixing plate 33 is made of a synthetic resin material, and is thermally fused to the waterproof sheet 25.

Here, the fixing plate 33 is provided so that the lower end is located on the upper end of the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt (30).

In this fixed plate 33, the pressure distribution part 34 protrudes below the bottom face. The pressure spreader 34 is formed with a pressure plane 35 to which the head 41 of the coupling shaft 40 to be described later is pressed, and is inclined around the pressure plane 35 to apply pressure to the pressure plane 35. An inclined surface 36 which is distributed around the fixed plate 33 and transmitted is formed.

The pressure spreading part 34 of the fixed plate 33 has a pressure plane 35 and an inclined surface that are pressurized when the head 41 of the coupling shaft 40 to be described below is pressed against the bottom of the fixed plate 33. Dispersed around the fixed plate 33 through the (36).

Coupling shaft 40 is provided with a head 41 formed with a female threaded portion 42 to be fastened to the male threaded portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30 at the upper end, the hook 43 so that the reinforcement 50 is placed at the lower end ) Is formed.

The coupling shaft 40 is formed such that the overall pitch of the female screw portion 42 of the coupling shaft 40 is larger than the overall pitch of the male screw portion 31. Therefore, when fastening the female threaded portion 42 of the coupling shaft 40 to the male threaded portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30, the upper end of the head 41 is pressed against the lower end of the fixing plate 33 upwards.

5A through 5E are schematic cross-sectional views sequentially illustrating the tunnel upper reinforcement method of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the tunnel upper reinforcement method of the present invention.

First, it has an anchor bolt preparation step (S10). Anchor bolt 30 prepared in the anchor bolt preparation step (S10), the upper end is fixed to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer 21, the drain sheet 24 and the waterproof sheet 25 is installed, the male thread portion 31 at the bottom It is formed, the reinforcing piece 32 is integrally formed on the upper side of the male screw portion 31, and the fixing plate 33 is provided around the reinforcing piece 32 so as to be embedded.

After the anchor bolt preparation step (S10), it has a coupling shaft preparation step (S20). The coupling shaft 40 prepared in the coupling shaft preparation step (S20) is provided with a head 41 formed with a female screw portion 42 to be fastened to the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30 at the upper end thereof, and a hook ( 43) is formed.

When the anchor bolt 30 and the coupling shaft 40 is prepared, the drilling step of drilling a hole in the ceiling of the drain sheet 24, the waterproof sheet 25 and the shotcrete layer 21 to secure the upper end of the anchor bolt 30 (S30).

After the drilling step (S30), by inserting the upper end of the anchor bolt 30 in the punched hole 22 has an anchor bolt fixing step (S40) for fixing the anchor bolt 30 to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer (21).

When the anchor bolt 30 is fixed to the hole 22 has a heat fusion step (S50) for heating the fixing plate 33 to fusion between the fixing plate 33 and the waterproof sheet 25.

After the heat fusion step (S50) has a coupling shaft assembly step (S60) for fastening the female screw portion 42 of the coupling shaft 40 to the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt (30).

After the coupling shaft assembly step (S60) has a reinforcement step (S70) to reinforce the reinforcing bar 50 to the hook 43 of the coupling shaft (40).

After the reinforcement step (S70) has a lining concrete layer placing step (S80) to make the lining concrete layer 23 by placing concrete around the tunnel so that the reinforcement (50) is embedded.

The tunnel upper reinforcement structure and the reinforcement method using the same of the present invention have the following advantages.

First, a reinforcing piece 32 integrated with the male screw part 31 of the anchor bolt 30 is provided, and the fixing plate 33 is provided so that the reinforcing piece 32 is embedded around the reinforcing piece 32. do.

Therefore, the water flow between the anchor bolt 30 and the coupling shaft 40 is blocked by the reinforcing piece 32 and the fixing plate 33, so that the water flowing through the anchor bolt 30 is coupled to the coupling shaft 40. This prevents problems with rebar flow.

Secondly, as a component for reinforcing the reinforcing bar 50, the reinforcing piece 32 and the fixing plate 33 is integrally formed with an anchor bolt 30, and fastened to the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30. Coupling shaft 40 is provided. The waterproof sheet 25 is supported by the shotcrete layer 21 by two components consisting of the anchor bolt 30 and the coupling shaft 40, and water flow from the anchor bolt 30 to the coupling shaft 40 is blocked. . Therefore, the total number of parts is reduced compared to the prior art, greatly reducing the assembly labor and construction cost.

Third, the coupling shaft 40 is such that the upper end of the head 41 is pressed against the lower end of the fixing plate 33 when the female threaded portion 42 is fastened to the male threaded portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30, The overall pitch D of the female threaded portion of the coupling shaft 40 is larger than the overall pitch d of the male threaded portion.

Accordingly, when the female screw portion 42 of the coupling shaft 40 is tightened to the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30 and tightened, the upper end portion of the head 41 presses the lower end portion of the fixing plate 33 while the fixing plate 33 ) Is further in close contact with the waterproof sheet 25 side. Therefore, since the fixing plate 33 and the waterproof sheet 25 are in close contact with each other, the watertightness between them is improved accordingly.

Fourth, the fixed plate 33 is pressure-dispersed on the bottom surface to disperse the pressurized pressure around the fixed plate 33 when the head 41 of the coupling shaft 40 is pressed to the bottom of the fixed plate 33 The part 34 protrudes.

Therefore, when the head 41 of the coupling shaft 40 presses the pressing plane 35 of the pressure dispersing unit 34, the pressure of the fixing plate 33 is inclined through the inclined surface 36 around the pressing plane 35. Evenly distributed around the circumference of the fixing plate 33 is firmly in close contact with the waterproof sheet (25).

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the fixing plate 33, which is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing plate 33 when the anchor bolt 30 is pressed against the hole 22 side of the shotcrete layer 21. While the plate 33 is elastically deformed, the curved surface 37 is inwardly concave so that the entire upper surface thereof is in close contact with the waterproof sheet 25.

Therefore, as the upper surface of the fixing plate 33 comes into close contact with the waterproof sheet 25, the curved surface 37 is unfolded while being elastically deformed, and accordingly, the waterproof sheet is extended to the circumference of the curved surface as well as the central portion of the curved surface 37. It is firmly attached to (25).

In particular, the circumferential portion of the curved surface 37 is in close contact with the waterproof sheet 25 by the elastic restoring force of the fixing plate 33. Therefore, the problem of lifting the circumference of the fixed plate 33 is surely prevented, and the watertightness is further improved.

1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a conventional tunnel upper reinforcement structure

Figure 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a conventional tunnel upper reinforcement structure

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the tunnel upper reinforcement structure of the present invention

4 is an exploded cross-sectional view of FIG.

5A to 5E are schematic cross-sectional views sequentially illustrating a method of constructing a tunnel upper reinforcement structure;

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the fixing plate

7 is a flow chart of the tunnel upper reinforcement method

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

21: shotcrete layer 22: hole

23: lining concrete layer 24: drainage sheet

25: waterproof sheet 30: anchor bolt

31: male thread portion 32: reinforcing piece

33: fixed plate 34: pressure distribution unit

35: pressure plane 36: inclined plane

40: coupling shaft 41: head

42: female thread 43: hook

50: rebar

Claims (5)

An anchor bolt 30 having an upper end fixed to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer 21 on which the drainage sheet 24 and the waterproof sheet 25 are installed, and having a male screw part 31 formed at the bottom thereof; Reinforcing pieces 32 formed integrally with the upper side anchor bolt 30 of the male screw portion 31; A fixing plate 33 provided on the anchor bolt 30 so as to embed the reinforcing piece 32 and in close contact with the waterproof sheet 25; A coupling shaft 40 having a head 41 having a female screw portion 42 formed thereon to be fastened to the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30 at an upper end thereof, and having a hook 43 formed at a lower end thereof; Reinforcing structure of the upper tunnel, characterized in that consisting of; reinforcing bar (50) supported by the hook (43) of the coupling shaft (40). The method of claim 1, The fixing plate 33 is coupled so that the lower end is located on the upper end of the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt (30); The coupling shaft 40, the upper end of the head 41 is pressed against the lower end of the fixing plate 33 when the female threaded portion 42 is fastened to the male threaded portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30. To do so, the overall pitch (D) of the female threaded portion (42) of the coupling shaft (40) is formed larger than the overall pitch (d) of the male threaded portion (31). The method of claim 1, wherein the fixing plate 33, When the head 41 of the coupling shaft 40 is pressed to the bottom of the fixed plate 33, the pressure distribution part 34 protrudes on the bottom so as to disperse the pressurized pressure around the fixed plate 33. Tunnel upper reinforcement structure, characterized in that. According to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the fixing plate 33, When the anchor bolt 30 is pressed against the hole 22 side of the shotcrete layer 21, the fixing plate 33 is elastically deformed and the upper surface thereof is concave inwardly so as to be in close contact with the waterproof sheet 25. Tunnel top reinforcement structure, characterized in that the curved surface 37 is formed. The upper end portion is fixed to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer 21 on which the drain sheet 24 and the waterproof sheet 25 are installed, and a male thread portion 31 is formed at the lower portion thereof, and a reinforcing piece is formed on the upper side of the male thread portion 31. Anchor bolt preparation step (S10) of preparing an anchor bolt 30 is formed integrally with, the fixing plate 33 is provided around the reinforcing piece 32 is embedded therein; Coupling shaft for preparing the coupling shaft 40 is provided with a head 41 is formed with a female screw portion 42 to be fastened to the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30 at the top and the hook 43 is formed at the bottom Preparation step (S20); When the anchor bolt 30 is prepared to drill a hole in the ceiling of the drain sheet 24, the waterproof sheet 25 and the shotcrete layer 21 to secure the upper end of the anchor bolt 30 (S30); Anchor bolt fixing step (S40) for fixing the anchor bolt 30 to the ceiling of the shotcrete layer 21 by inserting the top of the anchor bolt 30 in the perforated hole 22; A heat fusion step (S50) of fusing the fixing plate 33 and the waterproof sheet 25 by heating the fixing plate 33 when the anchor bolt 30 is fixed to the hole 22; A coupling shaft assembly step (S60) of fastening the female screw portion 42 of the coupling shaft 40 to the male screw portion 31 of the anchor bolt 30 after the heat fusion step (S50); Reinforcing bar reinforcement step (S70) to reinforce the reinforcing bar 50 to the hook 43 of the coupling shaft 40 after the coupling shaft assembly step (S60); The lining concrete layer placing step (S80) to make a lining concrete layer 23 by placing concrete around the tunnel so that the reinforcement (50) reinforcement after the reinforcement step (S70) is buried; the upper part of the tunnel Reinforcement method.

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