KR20100069990A - Desalination apparatus using solar heat and fan - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A seawater desalinator using solar energy and a fan is provided to heat seawater by using the solar energy, and to promote evaporation of seawater by supplying wind to the seawater surface while increasing the fresh water amount. CONSTITUTION: A seawater desalinator comprises the following: a chamber(10) for evaporation which is composed of a transparent material at least a part of a side wall(11) or cover(13) to sunlight flow in; a cooling part(30) cooling vapor made from the seawater evaporation; and a fan(50) forming wind blowing onto the surface of the seawater. A seawater evaporation process is promoted by the wind. The seawater desalinator further includes a steam supply line(21), a return duct(23), and a condenser tube(36).

Description

Desalination apparatus using solar heat and fan

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus, and more specifically, it is possible to increase the amount of fresh water by heating seawater using solar radiation while supplying wind to the surface of seawater to promote evaporation of seawater. The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus requiring small installation costs and operating costs.

In general, desalination systems that produce various types of living or industrial water by desalination of seawater have recently been made in areas with low rainfall, areas where water supply is difficult to supply, or areas where water resources such as dam facilities are scarce. This is introduced and used.

In such desalination system, a reverse osmosis membrane method of extracting fresh water by applying a reverse osmosis pressure higher than osmotic pressure to a seawater with a semi-permeable membrane interposed therebetween, or by flowing seawater through a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane disposed alternately between two electrodes. Electrolysis methods for separating and removing ions or multistage flash (MSF) evaporation methods for obtaining fresh water by evaporating seawater are mainly used.

However, the desalination system by the reverse osmosis membrane system is not only very complicated in its facilities but also requires a high level of skill in the treatment of seawater, and the cost of operating and maintaining the desalination system, including the initial installation cost of the desalination system. There is a problem that the burden is large.

In the case of the desalination system using the electrolysis method, like the reverse osmosis membrane method, there is a problem that excessive costs are required for the use of energy and maintenance of the equipment.

The multi-stage flash evaporation method, unlike the reverse osmosis membrane method or the electrolysis method, evaporates seawater to obtain fresh water. The multi-stage flash evaporation method sequentially injects superheated seawater (about 90 to 110 ° C) into a series of pipes placed under reduced pressure so that the superheated seawater evaporates itself along a series of pipes to generate steam. Simultaneously, the generated steam is used as a heating source for seawater, and condensed water vapor used for heating seawater can generate fresh water.

However, the desalination system using the multi-stage flash evaporation method consumes a large amount of fuel to heat the seawater flowing into the pipe at about 90 to 110 ° C, which requires a lot of expenses for the operation of the desalination system. In addition, there is a problem that the economical efficiency is lowered, and since the seawater scale adheres to the inside of the piping where the superheated seawater flows, the piping is easily closed, so that special chemicals or the seawater may be added to prevent this. There is a problem that requires additional seawater treatment, such as pretreatment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a seawater desalination apparatus which requires small installation costs and operation costs.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a seawater desalination apparatus capable of increasing the amount of desalination while requiring small installation and operating costs.

In order to achieve the above object, the seawater desalination apparatus according to the present invention includes at least a portion of a side wall and a cover made of a transparent material so that solar light can be introduced therein, and an evaporation chamber in which seawater is accommodated; A cooling unit cooling the water vapor generated by evaporation of the sea water to form condensed water; And a fan forming a wind blowing over the surface of the sea water. Evaporation of sea water is promoted by the wind generated by the fan, and water vapor generated by the evaporation moves to the cooling unit to become condensed water which is fresh water.

Preferably, the sea water desalination apparatus is installed to connect the evaporation chamber and the cooling unit steam supply pipe for moving the air including the water vapor to the cooling unit; A recovery tube installed to connect the cooling unit and the evaporation chamber to move the air discharged from the cooling unit to the evaporation chamber after condensation; And a condensation tube installed to connect the steam supply pipe and the recovery pipe, and installed inside the cooling unit to condense water vapor in the air moved through the steam supply pipe.

More preferably, the fan is installed in the recovery pipe, or is installed at the end of the recovery pipe which is a connection point between the recovery pipe and the evaporation chamber, and the air in the evaporation chamber is efficiently moved to the steam supply pipe by the operation of the fan. And the speed of movement of air in the return pipe and the condensation pipe becomes high.

More preferably, the seawater desalination apparatus includes a condensate discharge pipe installed to branch downward from the recovery pipe, and the condensate discharge pipe moves the condensed water inside the recovery pipe to the freshwater storage unit.

Here, the seawater desalination apparatus is installed to be in close contact with the wall to collect the condensed water formed on the wall and the cover of the evaporation chamber, and includes a water collecting member having an upper portion open to allow the condensed water coming down the wall to be introduced.

The cooling unit may include a cooling chamber having a cooling water accommodating space and passing through the condensation tube to the accommodating space; A cooling water supply pipe for supplying cooling water to the accommodation space; And a cooling water discharge pipe discharging the cooling water from the accommodation space.

Preferably, the cooling water is sea water.

Here, the seawater desalination apparatus is provided with a power generation unit for producing electricity using solar light, the fan is preferably operated by the electricity produced by the power generation unit.

Seawater desalination apparatus according to the present invention has the following effects.

First, while operating costs and equipment costs are small, freshwater can be increased.

Second, because it can produce electricity on its own, it can be installed in areas where electricity cannot be supplied and the operating cost can be reduced.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as having a conventional or dictionary meaning, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely examples of the present invention and are not intended to represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention, so that various equivalents And variations are possible.

1 is a main configuration showing a seawater desalination apparatus using solar and fan according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the seawater desalination apparatus 100 includes an evaporation chamber 10 in which seawater is accommodated, a cooling unit 30 for cooling condensed water by cooling evaporated water vapor, and a seawater contained in the evaporation chamber 10. It includes a fan 50 to form a wind blowing over the water surface.

The evaporation chamber 10 has a closed inner space 14 formed by the side wall 11 and the cover 13. Sea water is accommodated in the inner space 14, the sea water is supplied through the sea water supply pipe 15 and is discharged to the outside through the sea water discharge pipe (16). The seawater supply pipe 15 and the seawater discharge pipe 16 are provided with valves 15a and 16a to control the supply and discharge of seawater.

Preferably, the evaporation chamber 10 is provided with a manual opening and closing member (not shown) for adjusting the water level of the sea water or a level control sensor (not shown) for detecting the water level of the sea water.

The manual opening / closing member controls the water level by opening and closing a drain (not shown) formed in the bottom or wall 11 of the evaporation chamber 10 to discharge seawater.

When the water level sensor senses the water level of the seawater and transmits the signal to the central control unit (not shown), the central control unit controls the opening and closing of the valves 15a and 16a according to the signal. In order to increase the amount of evaporation while blowing the wind produced by the fan 50 while keeping the water level in close proximity with the surface of the water, the level control sensor adjusts the water level of the sea water so that the wind supplied by the fan 50 Move as close to the surface as possible and level with the surface.

The wall 11 and the cover 13 is made of a transparent material, for example, glass or the like, at least a portion of the light so that sunlight can enter the interior space (14). On the other hand, it is preferable that a heat insulating material (not shown) is installed in the remaining portion of the wall 11 and the cover 13 except for a portion made of a transparent material, which increases the internal space 14 to promote evaporation of seawater. This is to maintain the temperature.

Preferably, the wall 11 is provided with a collecting member 18 so as to collect the condensed water flowing down the wall (11). As the collecting member 18, a rectangular tube (pipe) having an open upper surface may be used. The collecting member 18 is installed to be in close contact with the inner surface along the inner circumference of the wall 11.

A temperature difference occurs between the inner space 14 and the outside, and condensed water formed by condensation of water vapor on the wall 11 and the cover 13 by the temperature difference. This condensate flows down the wall 11, and the collecting member 18 serves to collect the condensate. Condensate flows into the collecting member 18 through an open upper surface of the collecting member 18. The condensed water collected in the collecting member 18 is discharged to the fresh water storage unit 70 through the collecting pipe 19.

Collecting member 18 is preferably installed to form a downward slope toward the point connected to the collecting pipe (19). That is, the collecting member 18 at the point where the collecting pipe 19 and the collecting member 18 are connected to be the lowest and the collecting member 18 of the remaining portion is installed to be higher than the connecting point, but downward toward the connecting point. It is installed to be inclined so that the condensate collected in the collecting member 18 moves smoothly toward the collecting pipe 19.

The air including the water vapor of the evaporation chamber 10 is moved to the cooling chamber 31 of the cooling unit 30 through the water vapor supply pipe 21. The steam supply pipe 21 is a pipe connecting the evaporation chamber 10 and the cooling chamber 31.

The cooling unit 30 includes a cooling chamber 31 having a cooling water accommodating space, a cooling water supply pipe 33 for supplying cooling water to the accommodating space, and a cooling water discharge pipe 34 discharging the cooling water from the accommodating space.

The condensation tube 36 passes through the cooling chamber 31. The condensation tube 36 is a tube connected to the steam supply pipe 21 and is cooled by the cooling water while the air moved from the evaporation chamber 10 is moved through the condensation tube 36. Condensation tube 36 is preferably made of a material excellent in heat transfer.

Preferably, the condensation tube 36 has a bent structure in a zigzag form, in order to lengthen the time for cooling the air moved through the condensation tube 36. More preferably, the cooling chamber 31 has partition walls 37 provided at predetermined intervals. The partition wall 37 is installed to correspond to the bent portion 36a of the condensation pipe 36. The partition wall 37 thus installed allows the coolant introduced through the cooling water supply pipe 33 to flow along the condensation pipe 36.

The cooling water supply pipe 33 supplies the cooling water to the cooling chamber 31, and the cooling water discharge pipe 34 discharges the cooling water from the cooling chamber 31. The cooling water supply pipe 33 and the cooling water discharge pipe 34 may be provided with valves 33a and 34a to control supply and discharge of the cooling water. Meanwhile, although the drawing shows that the cooling water supply pipe 33 is connected to the lower end of the cooling chamber 31 and the cooling water discharge pipe 34 is connected to the upper end of the cooling chamber 31, the cooling water supply pipe is the upper end of the cooling chamber 31. The cooling water discharge pipe may be connected to the lower end of the cooling chamber 31. Unexplained reference numeral 33b denotes a pump for supplying cooling water.

Meanwhile, sea water may be used as the cooling water.

Preferably, the cooling water discharged through the cooling water discharge pipe 34 may be supplied to the evaporation chamber 10 through the sea water supply pipe 15. Since the cooling water discharged through the cooling water discharge pipe 34 is heated to some extent by the condensation pipe 36, the cooling water has a temperature higher than that of the natural seawater, and thus has an advantage of being evaporated. Therefore, when the cooling water discharged through the cooling water discharge pipe 34 is supplied to the evaporation chamber 10, the amount of evaporation can be increased, thereby increasing the amount of fresh water.

More preferably, the cooling water discharged through the cooling water discharge pipe 34 is supplied to the evaporation chamber 10 via a pipe (not shown) installed to contact the collection pipe 19. When the pipe is in contact with the collection pipe 19, the cooling water is heated by the condensate inside the collection pipe 19, so that the amount of evaporation can be increased.

Water vapor contained in the air moving along the condensation tube 36 is cooled while passing through the cooling chamber 31 to become condensed water. Some of the water vapor is condensed to condensate and the other is not condensed. Air and condensed water, including the uncondensed water vapor, is transferred to the recovery pipe 23. The recovery tube 23 is a tube connected to the condensation tube 36, and an end thereof is connected to the evaporation chamber 10.

The recovery pipe 23 is connected to the condensate discharge pipe 25 at a point between its start end 23a and the fan 50. Since the condensate discharge pipe 25 branches downward from the recovery pipe 23, the condensed water inside the recovery pipe 23 is moved to the condensate discharge pipe 25, and the air is moved toward the fan 50. The condensed water moved to the condensate discharge pipe 25 is moved to the fresh water storage unit 70 and stored.

The fresh water storage unit 70 stores the condensed water moved through the collecting member 18 and the collecting pipe 19, and the condensed water moved through the condensation pipe 36, the recovery pipe 23, and the condensate discharge pipe 25. do.

The fan 50 is installed in the recovery pipe 23 to move the air to the evaporation chamber 10. The fan 50 forms a wind blowing toward the evaporation chamber 10, which promotes evaporation of the sea water because it is blown over the surface of the sea water contained in the internal space 14.

That is, since the air in the wind formed by the fan 50 includes a small amount of water vapor compared to the air inside the evaporation chamber 10, the evaporation of sea water is promoted when the wind blows on the water surface.

In addition, when the wind blows into the internal space 14 by the fan 50, the air in the internal space 14 is effectively moved to the water vapor supply pipe 21, and the recovery pipe 23 and the condensation pipe 36 are inside. The air movement speed increases.

On the other hand, instead of being installed in the recovery pipe 23, the fan 50 may be installed at the connection point of the recovery pipe 23 and the evaporation chamber 10, that is, at the end 23b of the recovery pipe 23. . Furthermore, a fan may be additionally installed in the internal space 14 to promote evaporation of seawater. The fan may be installed where it is suitable to form wind blowing over the surface of the sea water.

In addition, the fan 50 is preferably installed close to the water surface, so that the wind formed by the fan 50 moves in a state parallel to the water surface in a direction parallel to the water surface.

Then, the operation of the seawater desalination apparatus 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.

First, seawater is supplied to the evaporation chamber 10 through the seawater supply pipe 15. The supply of seawater is controlled by a valve 15a, which may be manually opened or closed remotely.

The seawater contained in the internal space 14 of the evaporation chamber 10 is heated by solar heat and a part of it is evaporated. At this time, the fan 50 forms a wind blowing over the surface of the seawater from the recovery pipe 23 to promote the evaporation of the seawater and to smoothly move the water vapor generated by the evaporation of the seawater to the steam supply pipe 21. That is, the fan 50 is installed in the recovery pipe 23 or at the end 23a of the recovery pipe 23. The wind formed by the fan 50 is blown over the surface of the sea water to promote the evaporation of the sea water. At the same time, since the fan 50 injects air into the internal space 14, the air is efficiently moved to the steam supply pipe 21.

Water vapor moved to the condensation pipe 23 via the water vapor supply pipe 21 is condensed by the cooling water of the cooling chamber 31 to be condensed water. The condensed water is moved to the fresh water storage unit 70 via the recovery pipe 23 and the condensate discharge pipe 25.

On the other hand, the air inside the recovery pipe 23 is moved back to the internal space 14 via the fan 50. That is, the air in the inner space 14 is circulated through the steam supply pipe 21, the condensation pipe 36, and the recovery pipe 23 in sequence. In this circulation process, the water vapor in the air is discharged from the condensation pipe 36. After condensation is transferred to the fresh water storage unit 70 through the recovery pipe 23 and the condensate discharge pipe 25.

Meanwhile, the seawater desalination apparatus 100 according to the present invention may further include a power generation unit (not shown) capable of producing electricity by using sunlight. If the power generation unit is provided, since the power source for the operation of the fan 50 and the pump 33b is not required separately, the installation position is not restricted. That is, the seawater desalination apparatus 100 according to the present invention may operate in an area where electricity is not supplied, for example, in an outback or a remote island, thereby producing fresh water. In addition, since it uses its own electricity instead of using an external power source, it is possible to further reduce operating costs.

The power generation unit includes a solar cell converting sunlight into electrical energy, a solar module composed of a plurality of solar cells, a storage battery storing electricity generated from the solar module, and a solar cell generated from or withdrawn from the storage battery. It consists of a controller that controls the electricity being.

As such, since the seawater desalination apparatus 100 according to the present invention heats seawater using solar heat, energy consumption is extremely small and environmentally friendly compared to other conventional apparatuses, and the fan 50 is used to promote evaporation of seawater. Since it can be used to increase the amount of fresh water compared to other existing methods, and can generate electricity by itself with a power generation unit, it has the advantage of reducing the operating cost without being limited by the installation location. In addition, the present invention requires a small manufacturing cost because of the simple configuration of equipment compared to other existing devices.

1 is a main configuration showing a seawater desalination apparatus using solar and fan according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

 <Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: evaporation chamber 30: cooling unit

50: fan 70: fresh water reservoir

100: desalination device using solar and fan

Claims (8)

At least a portion of the side wall and the cover is made of a transparent material so that sunlight can be introduced, the interior of the evaporation chamber containing sea water (海水); A cooling unit cooling the water vapor generated by evaporation of the sea water to form condensed water; And Including; a fan to form a wind blowing over the surface of the sea water, including, Sea water desalination apparatus using solar and fan, characterized in that the evaporation of sea water is promoted by the wind produced by the fan, the water vapor generated by the evaporation is moved to the cooling unit to become fresh water condensed water. The method of claim 1, A steam supply pipe installed to connect the evaporation chamber and the cooling unit to move air including steam to the cooling unit; A recovery tube installed to connect the cooling unit and the evaporation chamber to move the air discharged from the cooling unit to the evaporation chamber after condensation; And And a condensation tube installed to connect the steam supply pipe and the recovery pipe, the condensation tube being installed inside the cooling unit to condense the water vapor in the air moved through the steam supply pipe. The method of claim 2, The fan is installed in the recovery pipe, or is installed at the end of the recovery pipe that is the connection point between the recovery pipe and the evaporation chamber, Air operation in the evaporation chamber by the operation of the fan can be efficiently moved to the steam supply pipe and the movement speed of the air in the recovery pipe and the condensation pipe, characterized in that the solar water and fan using seawater desalination. The method of claim 3, A condensate discharge pipe installed to branch downward from the recovery pipe, Condensate discharge pipe is characterized in that to move the condensed water in the recovery pipe to the fresh water storage, seawater desalination apparatus using solar and fan. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is installed to be in close contact with the wall to collect the condensate formed on the wall and the cover of the evaporation chamber, characterized in that it comprises a water collecting member having an upper portion is open so that the condensate coming down the wall, the solar heat and using a fan Seawater desalination device. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, The cooling unit, Cooling chamber having a cooling water receiving space, the condensation pipe via the receiving space; A cooling water supply pipe for supplying cooling water to the accommodation space; And, Cooling water discharge pipe for discharging the cooling water from the accommodation space; Sea water and desalination apparatus using a fan. The method of claim 6, The cooling water is sea water, seawater desalination apparatus using a solar heat and a fan. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, Equipped with a power generation unit that produces electricity by using sunlight, The fan is operated by the electricity produced in the power generation unit, seawater and desalination apparatus using the fan.

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