KR20100057267A - Operation method for filtration apparatus with ceramic candle filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An operation method of a dust collector including a ceramic candle filter is provided to minimize the blockage of a surface pore of the ceramic candle filter, and to improve the dust collecting efficiency. CONSTITUTION: An operation method of a dust collector including a ceramic candle filter comprises the following steps: forming a dust layer by jetting synthetic gas containing dusts with big particle size and micro dusts through a vertical inlet hole(33) to the ceramic candle filter(31); collecting the dust by sealing the vertical inlet hole, supplying the synthetic gas through a tangential inlet hole(34), and circulating the synthetic gas between an inner wall of a dust collecting chamber and a blocking pipe before inserting the gas to the center for filtering the gas using the ceramic candle filter; exhausting the gas through a venturi(42); discharging the dust to a hopper(60) on the lower side; and circulating the synthetic gas again to form the dust layer.

Description

Operation Method for Filtration Apparatus with Ceramic Candle Filter

The present invention relates to a method of operating a dust collecting device equipped with a ceramic candle filter, and more particularly, to a dust collecting device for removing particulate matter such as dust contained in a large amount of syngas, at a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the dust collecting chamber. A large number of ceramic candle filters are installed in the pipe, and the inlets for injecting the synthesis gas into the dust collection chamber are formed on the tangential and vertical surfaces of the dust collection chamber, and when the pores of the filter surface are exposed, the synthesis gas is discharged through the vertical inlet. Directly supplied to the surface of the ceramic candle filter to form a dust layer containing particles of large particle size on the filter surface, and after the dust layer is formed to cover the pores sufficiently on the filter surface, the vertical inlet is blocked and the synthesis gas is introduced into the tangential inlet. Fine dust on the outer wall of the barrier tube and the inner wall of the dust collection chamber Is attached on the dust layer pre-formed on the filter surface to filter, thereby minimizing the pore clogging of the ceramic candle filter due to the penetration of fine dust into the filter surface pores, thereby increasing the dust collection efficiency and dust removal efficiency of the filter while simultaneously The present invention relates to a method of operating a dust collector equipped with a ceramic candle filter which can reduce the number of times and extend the life of the filter.

In the power generation process using high-temperature, high-pressure synthesis gas such as coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC), various problems are caused by particulate matter such as dust contained in the synthesis gas. The high-temperature, high-pressure syngas generated by the gasifier contains a large amount of fine particulate matter, which may lead to shortening of the life of the lower devices due to corrosion and erosion of devices such as turbines or fuel cells located at the end of the IGCC process. There is a need for a dust collection system capable of lowering the concentration of particulate matter in syngas to 1 ppm or less.

Representative large-scale dust collectors currently applied to commercial IGCC power generation processes include dust collectors installed in Pinon Pine, Wilsonville, and Buggenum, the Netherlands. Hundreds of ceramic candle filters having a diameter of 60 mm and a length of 1500 mm are installed in the large-capacity dust collector, and a clustering technique of a bundle of a plurality of filters is used to easily collect and dedust the individual filters. The Buggenum dust collector is equipped with a total of 864 ceramic candle filters in 18 clusters of 48 filters in parallel. Each cluster is equipped with a large venturi to enable smooth filter dedusting.

The conventional dust collector has problems such as tar layer adhesion, dust bridging, and filter breakage in operation. For example, if char is attached to the filter and is not removed by dust exhaustion, the dust layer grows between the filters, forming a bridge, which blocks the flow of syngas or dust in the dust collection container. To increase the differential pressure of the filter. In order to suppress the increase in the differential pressure, a repetitive dedusting process is required, and since the dedusting is performed by low temperature gas, the dedusting process accumulates thermal fatigue in the filter, causing damage to the filter.

Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the dust collector, the present inventor has proposed a new dust collector system for IGCC in 'Chemical Engineering Vol. 46, No. 5'. The system is equipped with a plurality of ceramic candle filter in the dust collection chamber, and the inlet for injecting the synthesis gas is formed in each of the tangential surface and the vertical upper surface of the dust collection chamber, the synthesis gas flowing into the tangential inlet is the inner wall of the dust collection chamber And a cut-off tube installed between the ceramic candle filter and the ceramic candle filter to block the supply directly to the ceramic candle filter, and the vertical inlet is a dust collecting system located in the center of the upper partition wall of the dust collecting chamber to directly supply the synthesis gas to the ceramic candle filter.

However, in order to maximize dust removal performance, the dust collecting system having the blocking pipe is formed with a dust layer containing large particles on the surface of the ceramic candle filter by supplying the inflow of the synthesis gas to the vertical inlet until the pressure difference is reached to a certain degree. There is a need for research on how to operate.

Operation method of the dust collecting device with a ceramic candle filter of the present invention for solving the above problems,

In the power generation process using high temperature and high pressure synthesis gas, a dust collecting housing having a hopper at the lower end to collect particulate matter contained in the synthesis gas, and installed in the dust collecting housing and divided into a lower dust collecting chamber and an upper clean gas chamber. A partition wall, a plurality of ceramic candle filters installed at a bottom of the partition wall to pass the filtered gas to a clean gas chamber, a blocking tube installed at a bottom of the partition wall and containing a plurality of ceramic candle filters, and the ceramic candle filter Venturi installed in the clean gas chamber to inject the dedusting gas into the air, branched by the 3-way valve, and one side pipe communicates with the cylindrical wall surface of the dust collection chamber, and the other side tube communicates with the center of the partition wall to make a downward injection between the ceramic candle filter. It consists of a tangential inlet and a vertical inlet for supplying syngas to the dust collection chamber. In the operation method, a dust layer forming step of forming a dust layer containing a large particle size in the ceramic candle filter by injecting the synthesis gas containing the dust material with a large particle size through the vertical inlet through the ceramic candle filter Wow; Blocking the vertical inlet and supplying syngas through the tangential inlet, the supplied syngas is pivoted between the inner wall of the dust collection chamber and the blocking tube, while large dust particles collide with the wall to be removed, and the remaining fine dust particles descend to the blocking tube. A dust collecting step flowing into the center from the bottom of the filter through a ceramic candle filter; A dedusting step of spraying the dedusting gas through the venturi to dedust dust collected in the ceramic candle filter from the filter surface; A dust discharge step of opening the hopper valve formed at the lower end of the dust collecting chamber and discharging the dust collected at the lower part of the dust collecting housing to the lower hopper; It is configured to include a circulation step to form a dust layer by re-introducing the synthesis gas through the vertical inlet.

As described in detail above, the method of operating the dust collecting device equipped with the ceramic candle filter of the present invention,

In the dust collector to remove the particulate matter contained in the synthesis gas, a large number of ceramic candle filters are installed in the isolation pipe spaced apart from the inner wall of the dust collector, and the inlet for introducing the synthesis gas into the dust collector is a cylinder of the dust collector. In the initial stage of dust layer formation at the filter surface, the synthetic gas is directly supplied to the surface of the ceramic candle filter through the vertical inlet to form a dust layer including dust having large particle size. After the thick dust layer is formed, the vertical inlet is blocked and synthetic gas is introduced into the tangential inlet to remove large dusts by wall collision attachment by the swirling flow developed between the blocking tube and the inner wall of the dust chamber. Reaches the surface of the filter and is filtered The present invention provides a useful operation method to extend the life of the filter by minimizing the clogging of the surface pores of the ceramic candle filter to improve the dust collection and dust removal efficiency, and at the same time reduce the number of dust collection.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dust collecting device 10 used in the present invention includes a dust collecting housing 20 partitioned by a partition 50 into a clean gas chamber 40 and a lower dust collecting chamber 30. A plurality of ceramic candle filters 31 installed on the bottom surface of the partition wall, a blocking tube 32 spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the dust collecting chamber while enclosing the ceramic candle filter as a tube coupled to the bottom surface of the partition wall, and the clean gas chamber. And a ventilator 42 for injecting dedusting gas into the ceramic candle filter, a tangential inlet 34 in contact with the cylindrical wall surface of the dust collecting chamber for injecting syngas into the dust collecting chamber, and a center of the partition wall. And a three-way valve (35) for selectively opening and closing the tangential inlet and the vertical inlet port, which is formed by downward injection between them.

As a method of operating the dust collector configured as described above, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dust layer forming step S1 is first performed. The step of supplying the synthesis gas, which is a mixture of fine dust and large particle size directly to the ceramic candle filter 31 of the dust collecting chamber 30 through the vertical inlet 33 to the large surface of the ceramic candle filter A dust layer containing particles of particles is formed.

Next, when the differential pressure of the ceramic candle filter 31 becomes 10 to 30% of the differential pressure for starting the exhaustion, the 3-way valve 35 is operated to block the flow path of the vertical inlet 33 and the flow path of the tangential inlet 34. By opening the synthesis gas is introduced into the dust collection chamber 30 through the tangential inlet, the large dust particles are blocked pipe 32 by the swirl flow developed between the blocking pipe 32 and the inner wall surface of the dust collection chamber 30 A dust collecting step S2 is performed in which the outer wall surface and the dust collection chamber 30 are collided and removed, and the remaining fine dust is transferred to the filter to perform full dust collection. Here, when the inflow path change of the synthesis gas is less than 10% of the differential pressure at the start of the dust removal, the fine dust of the dust collecting step (S2) after the dust collection step (S2) in the state that the formation of the dust layer on the surface of the ceramic candle filter is not completely made Due to the rapid increase in the differential pressure, the filter surface pore blocking effect by the dust layer formed in the dust layer forming step (S1) cannot be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, when the differential pressure reaches at least 10 to 30% or more, it is desirable to change the flow path. Do.

Synthetic gas introduced into the tangential inlet 34 in the dust collecting step (S2) flows in a tangential direction in the space between the outer wall of the blocking pipe 32 and the inner wall of the dust collecting chamber 30. Therefore, while descending while turning between the blocking tube and the inner wall of the dust collecting chamber, in this process, large dust particles contained in the syngas are removed by collision with the outer wall of the blocking tube and the inner wall of the dust collecting chamber. The attached dust is agglomerated and freely dropped by gravity, and the dropped dust is collected at the bottom of the dust chamber. Due to the collision of large dust particles on the wall surface by the swirling gas flow, the synthesis gas having a relatively low concentration of the large dust particles is moved to the center of the dust collecting chamber 30 through the lower end of the blocking tube 32. Inflow and reaching the ceramic candle filter 31 is filtered.

When dust is excessively collected in the ceramic candle filter through the dust collecting step S2 and the differential pressure is increased, a dust removing step S3 for removing dust collected in the ceramic candle filter is performed. The step is performed by a plurality of venturi (42) located in the clean gas chamber 40, the venturi is injected from the exhaust gas storage tank 44 to the exhaust gas from the interior of the ceramic candle filter (31) to the outside injection This removes the dust collected on the filter surface. Such exhaustion is generated when the differential pressure reaches a specific differential pressure value, and when the measured value of the differential pressure gauge measuring the differential pressure between the dust collecting chamber 30 and the clean gas chamber 40 becomes the set differential pressure, the exhaust gas storage tank 44 Of the exhaust gas to the venturi to open the valve 43 installed on the flow path to be exhausted. That is, whether or not dust is supplied by operating the valve 43 provided on the flow path for supplying the exhaust gas in accordance with the measured value of the differential pressure gauge installed to measure the differential pressure between the dust collecting chamber 30 and the clean gas chamber 40. To judge.

For example, the dust removal start of the ceramic candle filter is preferably performed when the differential pressure by the filter with dust is 1000 to 3000 mmH ₂ O when the filter surface filtration rate is 1 to 3 cm / s.

When the dust removal step is performed, the dust is collected is collected in the lower portion of the dust collection chamber 30, the dust discharge step (S4) for discharging the dust to the lower hopper 60 by opening the hopper valve 61 is performed. . That is, the dust collected on the ceramic candle filter 31 and the dust attached and removed by the blocking pipe 32 are collected in the lower part of the dust collecting chamber 30. By forming the shape, it is easy to discharge to the lower hopper 60 when the hopper valve 61 is opened.

When the discharge of the dust is completed, the hopper valve 61 is shut off, the circulation step (S5) for supplying the synthesis gas to the dust collection chamber 30 is performed. The above step may be performed by operating the 3-way valve 35 to form a dust layer on the ceramic candle filter 31 in the same process as the initial startup of the synthesis gas flowing into the dust collecting chamber 30 through the vertical inlet 33. Do each step again.

Through each of these steps, in the initial stage of dust collection where the dust layer begins to form on the filter surface immediately after exhaustion, the synthesis gas having a high concentration of dust having a large particle size is introduced into the ceramic candle filter by introducing the synthesis gas through the vertical inlet 33. It forms a dust layer on the ceramic candle filter by attaching it directly to the ceramic candle filter, thereby minimizing the clogging of pores of the ceramic candle filter by fine dust, and forming a dust layer having a specific thickness on the surface of the ceramic candle filter. Through the introduction of the synthesis gas to reduce the amount of dust attached to the filter to reduce the differential pressure increase rate by the dust attached to the filter surface to extend the life cycle of the ceramic candle filter by lengthening the dust removal cycle.

In addition, the above-mentioned example is only an example to demonstrate this invention. Therefore, it is obvious that the ordinary skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains uses the partial change with reference to the detailed description.

1 is a schematic diagram of a dust collector used in the operation method of the present invention.

2 is a flowchart of a driving method according to the present invention;

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings>

10: dust collector

20: dust collecting housing

30: dust collection chamber

31 ceramic candle filter 32 blocking tube 33 vertical inlet

34: tangential inlet 35: 3way valve

40: clean gas chamber

41 outlet 42 venturi 43 valve

44: dedusting gas storage tank

50: bulkhead

60: hopper

61: Hopper Valve

Claims (3)

In the power generation process using a synthesis gas of high temperature and high pressure, a dust collecting housing 20 provided with a hopper 60 at a lower end to collect particulate matter contained in the synthesis gas, and a dust collecting chamber 30 installed in the dust collecting housing. And a partition wall 50 partitioned by an upper clean gas chamber 40, a plurality of ceramic candle filters 31 installed at a bottom surface of the partition wall and allowing filtered gas to pass through the clean gas chamber, and a bottom surface of the partition wall. A shut-off tube 32 installed and containing a plurality of ceramic candle filters, a venturi 42 installed in a clean gas chamber to inject dedusting gas into the ceramic candle filter, and a three-way valve branched into one side pipe of the dust collecting chamber. The other side pipe is connected to the cylindrical outer wall and the other side pipe is connected to the center of the partition wall is composed of a tangential inlet 34 and the vertical inlet 33 to make the injection downward between the ceramic candle filter to collect the synthesis gas (30) In the operating method of the dust collector 10 to be supplied to), A dust layer for forming a dust layer including large dust particles on the ceramic candle filter by injecting a large particle sized dust and fine dust together with a synthetic gas injected through the vertical inlet 33. Forming step (S1); Blocking the vertical inlet 33 and supplying synthesis gas through the tangential inlet 34, the supplied synthetic gas is lowered while turning between the inner wall of the dust collecting chamber and the blocking tube to flow into the center from the bottom of the blocking tube 32 Dust collecting step (S2) is filtered through the ceramic candle filter (31); A dedusting step (S3) of discharging dust collected on the ceramic candle filter by injecting the dedusting gas through the venturi 42; A dust discharge step (S4) for discharging the dust collected by opening the hopper valve 61 formed at the lower end of the dust chamber to the lower hopper 60; And a circulation step (S5) of regenerating synthesis gas through the vertical inlet port (33) to form a dust layer (S5). The method of claim 1, Dust collection step (S3) is a dust collection with a ceramic candle filter, characterized in that when the filter surface filtration rate is 1 ~ 3 cm / s when the differential pressure by the filter attached dust is 1000 ~ 3000 mmH ₂ O How to operate the device. The method of claim 1, In the dust layer forming step (S1) and the dust collecting step (S2) is introduced into the dust collecting chamber 30 when the pressure difference between the dust collecting chamber 30 and the clean gas chamber 40 is 10 to 30% of the dedusting start differential pressure. The method of operating a dust collecting device with a ceramic candle filter, characterized in that the path of the synthesis gas is changed from the vertical inlet (33) to the tangential inlet (34).

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