A kind of reduce the apparatus and method of content of ashes in brown coal hydrogasification synthesis gas
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of coal chemical industry, especially relate to a kind of reduction brown coal hydrogasification synthesis gas mellow lime
Divide the apparatus and method of content
Background technology
At present, many countries all high-temperature dust removal technology in research clean coal combustion technology in the world, its
Middle high-temperature synthesis gas dedusting is the important procedure in coal power generation and coal chemical industry.The degree of purification of synthesis gas
Not only it is related to the safe operation of gas turbine, and is the environmental law Laws & Regulations meeting increasingly stringent
Requirement.
At present, generally believe in the world: can take into account the dust collecting process of efficiency and continuous runnability is to have most
Wish and the technology of development prospect.High-temperature dust removal technology primarily now specifically include that cyclone dust collection technology,
High temperature electrostatic trapping dedusting technology, ceramic filter dedusting technology, metal felt dust removal by filtration technology, movement
Granulosa dust removal by filtration technology etc..These technology are all in research and development stage, dust removal mechanism and dedusting
Efficiency is respectively arranged with feature.Such as: cyclone dust collection technology is to utilize centrifugal action to be separated from air-flow by dust
Trapping, but efficiency of dust collection is only about 85%, can only the bigger dust of particle separation diameter;High temperature electrostatic dedusting
It is to utilize high voltage power supply and pair of electrodes to produce uneven electric field with the dust in separation and collection air-flow, electricity
The efficiency of dedusting reaches 95%, but one-time investment and operating cost are the highest, there is also the ratio resistance of dust
With problems such as the sensitivity of the character such as gas componant and electrode corrosions;Ceramic filter efficiency of dust collection is high, reaches 99%
Above, the grit of more than 5 μm can be removed, can be high temperature resistant, but there is sealing problem, filter membrane hole
Permanent blockage and pressure drop persistently increase problem etc., affect reliability and durability;Metal felt filters can be to 5
Grit below μm carries out fine dedusting, and under room temperature, long-term work preferably but exists non-refractory not corrosion resistant
The problem of erosion.
Along with the development of dedusting technology under High Temperature High Pressure, to the simplification of cleaner, high temperature, efficiently
Change requirement the strongest.Moving granular bed dust removal by filtration generally believes in the world and substantially can realize taking into account effect
One of the most promising technology of rate and continuous runnability.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the invention is to be solved is to provide a kind of brown coal hydrogasification synthesis gas content of ashes of reducing
Apparatus and method.This device has the feature that simple in construction, easy to operate, persistence good, remove
Dirt efficiency height, low cost, use time length, high temperature resistant, gas pressure and flow are easily controlled and are not required to
Mechanical rotation, can at high temperature operate, the most convenient.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention the technical scheme is that a kind of reduction brown coal gas
It is combined to the device of content of ashes in gas, including gas wash tower, ash disposal system and ash disposal gas source, described
It is provided with several intermittent movement beds tilted in gas wash tower, is filled with in intermittent movement bed movably
Granule;Described ash disposal gas source is connected by riser with ash disposal system, described intermittent movement bed with
Riser, is all connected by pipeline between ash disposal system with intermittent movement bed, and connected pipeline is equipped with ball
Valve, it is preferred that ball valve is V-type ball valve.Owing to V-type ball valve will not destroy bed regulation when
In wear-resistant medium granule, most dust is intercepted by the granule on intermittent movement bed, plays purification
The effect of synthesis gas.
Further, the quantity of described intermittent movement bed is two or more, so can be the most thorough
Ground, the end removes dust, and intermittent movement bed is inclined, in order to remove the ash of granular absorption below
In step, the particle flow in intermittent movement bed is convenient.
Further, described ash disposal system includes granule surge tank, expands settling tank, cyclone separator, thin
Powder cloth bag catcher, granule surge tank connects with expanding settling tank, and cyclone separator is positioned at expansion settling tank
Inside, fine powder cloth bag catcher is positioned at the outside expanding settling tank, and connects with cyclone separator, fine powder
Cloth bag catcher is provided with deashing tail gas discharging pipe.
Further, the sidewall of described granule surge tank is provided with feed supplement tank.
Further, described granule is perlite, sandstone, pottery, the one in silicon oxide, and granule is
Ball-type, a diameter of 0.5~1.0mm.The least filter efficiency of granule is the best in theory, but particle diameter is less than
After 0.5mm, may result in the pressure drop between bed excessive, and be difficult to be formed more than cake layer after 1.0mm,
The filter efficiency of dust granules will be reduced a lot.
Further, in described intermittent movement bed, bed height is 20~500mm, in order to improve dedusting effect
Rate and maintenance acceptable bed pressure drop.
The invention also discloses a kind of use and reduce content of ashes in brown coal hydrogasification synthesis gas as above
The method of device, comprise the steps:
1), being passed through in tower from the top of gas wash tower by the synthesis gas after brown coal hydrogasification, synthesis gas leads to successively
Crossing several intermittent movement beds, under the endocorpuscular effect of intermittent movement bed, major part ash is blocked
Cut;
2), after intermittent movement bed uses 15 days~90 days, intermittent movement bed can accumulate a large amount of
Ash, at this time, it may be necessary to intermittent movement bed to be carried out ash disposal process: in ash disposal system running,
Opening the two ends ball valve of a certain intermittent movement bed, the ash of granule and absorption is because Gravitational sliding is to riser
In, then being delivered in expansion settling tank by gas, granule falls with ash separation because of action of gravity
To granule surge tank, then it is snapped down to intermittent movement bed and is circulated utilization.
3), by step 2) in the two ends ball valve of intermittent movement bed opened close, then open remaining certain
Intersegmental mobile bed two ends ball valve of having a rest, repeat the above steps carries out deashing.
Preferably, step 2) in, the fine powder when ash disposal system is run, after cyclone separator separates
Carry at deashing gas and lower be collected in cyclone separator is segregated into fine powder cloth bag catcher, clean
Ash disposal gas through ash disposal tail gas discharging pipe emptying or collect recycling;Through cyclone separator separate thick
Powder is discharged through the dipleg position of cyclone separator and is collected to coarse powder cloth bag catcher, clean ash disposal gas row
Empty or collection recycles.
Preferably, the synthesis gas after described ash disposal gas source is dedusting or noble gas.
Preferably, the synthesis gas after selecting dedusting is as source of the gas, and the synthesis gas after described dedusting is ash disposal
Collection and confinement of gases recycles;When selection noble gas is as source of the gas, preferably nitrogen, then the cleanest ash disposal
Gas discharges mode.
The invention has the advantage that with good effect: simple in construction, easy to operate, persistence good,
Efficiency of dust collection height, low cost, use time length, high temperature resistant, gas pressure and flow is easily controlled and not
Need mechanical rotation, at high temperature synthesis gas can be carried out ash disposal.Device in the present invention, dust removal efficiency reaches
99.0%-99.9%, removes the particle diameter of dust in 2 μm-20 μm, the synthesis gas that dust arrester processes
50-200m3/ h, the concentration of the outlet ash of the synthesis gas after purification is 4-30mg/m3。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of to reduce the structural representation of the device of content of ashes in brown coal hydrogasification synthesis gas;
In figure: 1, gas wash tower;2, granule surge tank;3, settling tank is expanded;4, cyclone separator;
5, fine powder cloth bag catcher;6, ash disposal gas source;7, ball valve;8, intermittent movement bed;9、
Riser;10, deashing tail gas discharging pipe;11, feed supplement pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of reduce the device of content of ashes in brown coal hydrogasification synthesis gas, it is characterised in that: include gas wash tower
1, ash disposal system (adding dashed box part in figure) and ash disposal gas source 6, if being provided with in described gas wash tower 1
Dry the intermittent movement bed 8 tilted, is filled with moveable granule in intermittent movement bed 8;Described
Ash disposal gas source 6 is connected by riser 9 with ash disposal system, described intermittent movement bed 8 and lifting
Pipe 9, is all connected by pipeline between ash disposal system with intermittent movement bed 8, and connected pipeline is equipped with ball
Valve 7, ball valve 7 is V-type ball valve.Described ash disposal system include granule surge tank 2, expand settling tank 3,
Cyclone separator 4, fine powder cloth bag catcher 5, granule surge tank 2 connects with expanding settling tank 3, rotation
It is internal that wind separator 4 is positioned at expansion settling tank 3, and fine powder cloth bag catcher 5 is positioned at and expands settling tank 3
Outside, and connect with cyclone separator 4, fine powder cloth bag catcher 5 is provided with ash disposal tail gas discharging pipe 10.
The sidewall of described granule surge tank 2 is provided with feed supplement tank 11.
A kind of use reduces the method for the device of content of ashes in brown coal hydrogasification synthesis gas as above, its
It is characterised by: comprise the steps:
1), being passed through in tower from the top of gas wash tower 1 by the synthesis gas of brown coal hydrogasification, synthesis gas leads to successively
Cross several intermittent movement beds 8, under the endocorpuscular effect of intermittent movement bed 8, major part ash
Intercepted;
2), after intermittent movement bed 8 uses 15 days~90 days, intermittent movement bed 8 can accumulate
Substantial amounts of ash, at this time, it may be necessary to carry out ash disposal process: run in ash disposal system to intermittent movement bed 8
During, open the two ends ball valve of a certain intermittent movement bed 8, the ash of granule and absorption is because of under gravity
Sliding in riser 9, then delivered in expansion settling tank 3 by gas, granule is because of action of gravity
Drop to granule surge tank with ash separation, be then snapped down to intermittent movement bed 8 and be circulated utilization.
3), by step 2) in the two ends ball valve of intermittent movement bed opened close, then open remaining certain
Intersegmental mobile bed two ends ball valve of having a rest, repeat the above steps carries out deashing.
Step 2) in, when ash disposal system is run, the fine powder after cyclone separator 4 separates is in ash disposal
Gas carries and lower is collected in cyclone separator 4 is segregated into fine powder cloth bag catcher 5, clean
Deashing gas empties through deashing tail gas discharging pipe 10 or collects recycling;4 are separated through cyclone separator
Coarse powder discharge through the dipleg position of cyclone separator 4 and collect, clean deashing gas emptying or collect again
Utilize.
Example below one~embodiment four, all use structure as above.And employing method as above
Reduce content of ashes in brown coal hydrogasification synthesis gas.
Embodiment one
Intermittent movement bed 8 is two, and described granule is perlite, and spherical and granule particle diameter is
0.5mm.The height of described intermittent movement bed 8 is 500mm.
And step 2) in, after intermittent movement bed 8 uses 15 days, carry out ash disposal process, removing of selection
Ash gas source of the gas is the synthesis gas after dedusting, and the synthesis gas after described dedusting is that ash disposal collection and confinement of gases is the most sharp
With.
Dust removal efficiency in the present embodiment reaches 99.5%, and the particle diameter of removing dust is about 2 μm, and dedusting fills
The flow of the synthesis gas putting process is 100m3/ h, the concentration of the outlet ash of the synthesis gas after purification is
6mg/m3。
Embodiment two
Intermittent movement bed 8 is three, and described granule is sandstone, and spherical and granule particle diameter is 0.8mm.
The height of described intermittent movement bed 8 is 400mm.
And step 2) in, after intermittent movement bed 8 uses 30 days, carry out ash disposal process, removing of selection
Ash gas source of the gas is the synthesis gas after dedusting, and the synthesis gas after described dedusting is that deashing collection and confinement of gases is the most sharp
With.
Dust removal efficiency in the present embodiment reaches 99.6%, and the particle diameter of removing dust is about 15 μm, and dedusting fills
The flow of the synthesis gas putting process is 150m3/ h, the concentration of the outlet ash of the synthesis gas after purification is
14mg/m3。
Embodiment three
Intermittent movement bed 8 is four, and described granule is pottery, and the particle diameter of granule is 0.8mm.
The height of described intermittent movement bed 8 is 80mm.
And step 2) in, after intermittent movement bed 8 uses 45 days, carry out ash disposal process, removing of selection
Ash gas source of the gas is the synthesis gas after dedusting, and the synthesis gas after described dedusting is that deashing collection and confinement of gases is the most sharp
With.
Dust removal efficiency in the present embodiment reaches 99.4%, and the particle diameter of removing dust is about 18 μm, and dedusting fills
The flow of the synthesis gas putting process is 200m3/ h, the concentration of the outlet ash of the synthesis gas after purification is
21mg/m3。
Embodiment four
Intermittent movement bed 8 is five, and described granule is silicon oxide, and the particle diameter of granule is 1.0mm.
The height of described intermittent movement bed 8 is 30mm.
And step 2) in, after intermittent movement bed 8 uses 90 days, carry out ash disposal process, removing of selection
Ash gas source of the gas is the synthesis gas after dedusting, and the synthesis gas after described dedusting is that deashing collection and confinement of gases is the most sharp
With.
Dust removal efficiency in the present embodiment reaches 99.4%, and the particle diameter of removing dust is about 18 μm, and dedusting fills
The flow of the synthesis gas putting process is 200m3/ h, the concentration of the outlet ash of the synthesis gas after purification is
28mg/m3。
Above the embodiment of the invention is described in detail, but described content has been only present invention wound
The preferred embodiment made, it is impossible to be considered the practical range for limiting the present invention.All according to the invention
Equalization change and the improvement etc. that scope is made, within all should still belonging to this patent covering scope.