KR20090073284A - Location based automatic yard crane system - Google Patents

Location based automatic yard crane system Download PDF

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KR20090073284A
KR20090073284A KR1020070141184A KR20070141184A KR20090073284A KR 20090073284 A KR20090073284 A KR 20090073284A KR 1020070141184 A KR1020070141184 A KR 1020070141184A KR 20070141184 A KR20070141184 A KR 20070141184A KR 20090073284 A KR20090073284 A KR 20090073284A
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South Korea
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yard crane
yard
unit
crane
container
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KR1020070141184A
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Korean (ko)
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박장우
박대헌
강범진
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순천대학교 산학협력단
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/25Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

A location-based automatic yard crane system is provided to reduce use of the correction sensor in many cases and to be applied to a RMG(Rail Mounted Gantry) as well as a RTG(Rubber Tire Gantry) crane. A location-based automatic yard crane system comprises a sensor unit(320) which is mounted on a UWB Reader installed at open-air yard neighboring, a yard crane and a container, an administration unit(300) for managing position data obtained from a sensor unit and task of the yard crane, a hub processor(310) for processing data from the sensor unit and administration unit, and a operation unit(330) for instructing operation and task of the yard crane.

Description

위치 기반 완전 자동 야드 크레인 시스템{ Location based automatic yard crane system }Location based automatic yard crane system

본 발명은 UWB(Ultra-Wide Band)통신방식을 이용한 크레인의 무인운행을 위한 자동화 방법과 그 제반 장치에 관한 것이다. 특히 항만에서의 정밀한 위치 측정을 통한 자동화는 화물과 컨테이너를 이동하는데 많은 비용과 시간을 줄일 수 있다. 본 발명은 야드 크레인의 무인자동화 방식을 더욱 발전시키기 위해 UWB(Ultra-Wide Band)신호를 사용하여 정확한 위치 측정기술의 적용을 꾀한 것이다.The present invention relates to an automated method for an unmanned operation of a crane using a UWB (Ultra-Wide Band) communication method and an apparatus therefor. In particular, automation through precise positioning at the port can save a lot of time and money moving cargo and containers. The present invention is intended to apply the accurate position measurement technology using the ultra-wide band (UWB) signal to further develop the unmanned automation method of the yard crane.

야드 크레인의 위치 측정 방식 중에는 적외선센서를 사용하는 방식, 레이저 센서를 사용하는 방식 리니어 엔코더를 사용하는 방식 등이 있다. 레이저 센서를 사용하는 방식은 비교적 측정오차가 적고 배치 변경이 쉽다는 장점이 있으나 레이저 센서가 환경과 기후의 영향을 많이 받고 고가라는 단점이 있다. 리니어 엔코더(Linear encoder)를 사용하는 방식은 야드 크레인의 이동위치에 각각의 센서를 정해진 간격에 따라 설치하여 야드 크레인 이동시 절대위치 값을 전송하는 방식으로 RTG(Rubber Tire Gantry)에는 사용하지 못하고 정해진 레일 위에서만 이동이 가능 한 RMG(Rail Mounted Gantry)에만 적용할 수 있다는 것과 센서를 많이 사용한다는 단점이 있다.The position measuring method of the yard crane includes a method using an infrared sensor, a method using a laser sensor, and a method using a linear encoder. The method of using the laser sensor has the advantage of relatively low measurement error and easy arrangement change, but the disadvantage is that the laser sensor is highly influenced by environment and climate and is expensive. The linear encoder is used to install the sensors at the yard crane's moving position according to the fixed interval and transmit the absolute position value when the yard crane moves.The rail cannot be used for RTG (Rubber Tire Gantry). It can be applied only to RMG (Rail Mounted Gantry), which can only move from above, and it uses many sensors.

UWB 통신은 고정밀 위치 추적 기반으로 일반적으로 RFID가 갖지 못하는 정확한 위치 추적 기능을 갖고 있으며 매우 넓은 대역폭 및 매우 높은 중심 주파수를 갖기 때문에 5-10Cm 혹은 그 이하의 위치 측정의 정확도를 가지는 시스템이다. 또한 무선 네트워크에 의해 이동 가능한 위치 측정 네트워크 구성이 가능하며 무선통신 시스템에서 고속의 동기 획득을 통한 RTLS(Real Time Location System)에 적합한 통신방식이다. UWB communication is based on high-precision positioning, which has the exact positioning function that RFID does not have, and because it has very wide bandwidth and very high center frequency, it is a system having accuracy of 5-10cm or less. In addition, it is possible to configure a location measurement network that can be moved by a wireless network, and is a communication method suitable for RTLS (Real Time Location System) through high speed synchronization acquisition in a wireless communication system.

기존의 ATC(Automated Transfer Crane)는 GTE(Gantry Traveling Encoder), ASS(Auto Steering Sensor)등의 위치 보정 센서 등을 사용한다. 이처럼 ATC는 컨테이너를 쌓을 때 다른 컨테이너와의 충돌을 방지하기 위하여 적외선 센서를 사용하지만 UWB(Ultra-WideBand)위치인식 시스템은 3차원 공간을 인식하고 또한3.1GHz~10.6GHz까지의 넓은 대역폭을 사용하므로 기존의 보정 센서의 수량을 최소화하여 시스템 단순화를 할 수 있다.The existing ATC (Automated Transfer Crane) uses position correction sensors such as GTE (Gantry Traveling Encoder) and ASS (Auto Steering Sensor). As such, ATC uses infrared sensors to prevent collision with other containers when stacking containers, but UWB (Ultra-WideBand) location recognition system recognizes three-dimensional space and uses wide bandwidth from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz. The system can be simplified by minimizing the number of existing calibration sensors.

컨테이너 야적장으로부터 컨테이너 선적 및 수송차로의 적재는 야드 크레인에 의해서 수행된다. 이와 같은 작업을 할 야드 크레인은 숙련된 운전자의 감각에 의해 조정되며, 운전자의 컨디션 및 기상상태 등에 따라 운행의 정확도가 좌우된다. 물론, 이와 같은 사람의 감각에 의한 작업은 정확한 컨테이너의 착탈 및 적재가 어렵다. 또한, 컨테이너의 적재 단수가 많을수록 이웃한 타 컨테이너와 접촉 등의 사고를 유발할 소지가 높다.Container loading from the container yard and loading into the transport truck are carried out by a yard crane. The yard crane to do this work is adjusted by the sense of the experienced driver, the accuracy of the operation depends on the condition and weather conditions of the driver. Of course, such a sensory work is difficult to remove and load the correct container. In addition, the greater the number of loading stages of the container, the higher the possibility of causing an accident such as contact with another neighboring container.

UWB 신호는 매우 넓은 대역폭을 갖고 있으며 매우 높은 중심 주파수를 갖고 있기 때문에 수 Cm이하의 정확도를 갖고 물체의 위치를 측정할 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한 UWB 송수신기를 이용하면 위치 측정과 함께 다양한 형태의 데이터(음성, 영상등) 동시에 송수신할 수 있다. UWB signals have a very wide bandwidth and have a very high center frequency, and are known to be able to measure the position of an object with accuracy of several Cm or less. In addition, the UWB transceiver can simultaneously transmit and receive various types of data (audio, video, etc.) along with position measurement.

따라서 본 발명은 UWB Reader를 사용함으로써 종래의 방식인 적외선 센서를 사용하였을 때 환경과 기후의 영향을 받는다는 것과 리니어 엔코더를 사용하였을 때 RTG(Rubber Tire Gantry)에서 사용할 수 없다는 문제점을 개선할 수 있다. 또한 사람이 야드 크레인을 조정할 때 컨테이너의 적재 단수가 많을수록 이웃한 타 컨테이너와 접촉 등의 사고가 일어났던 문제점을 UWB Reader가 3차원적으로 위치인식을 함으로써 방지할 수 있다.Therefore, the present invention can improve the problems of being affected by the environment and the climate when using the infrared sensor of the conventional method by using the UWB Reader and that can not be used in RTG (Rubber Tire Gantry) when using the linear encoder. In addition, when a person adjusts a yard crane, the more the number of loading stages of the container, the more the UWB Reader can prevent the problem of contact with the neighboring container by three-dimensional position recognition.

본 발명에서는 야드 크레인과 컨테이너에 UWB Reader를 설치함으로써 절대 위치를 계산하여 종래 기술의 문제점을 개선할 수 있다. 본 발명은 야적장 주변에 설치된 UWB Reader 와 야드 크레인 및 컨테이너에 장착된 센서부; 야드 크레인의 작업과 센서부로부터 얻어진 위치데이터를 관리하기 위한 관리부; 상기 센서부와 관리부로부터 데이터를 처리하기 위한 분산 처리부; 야드 크레인의 동작 및 작업을 지시하기 위한 동작부로 구성된다.In the present invention, by installing the UWB Reader in the yard crane and the container can calculate the absolute position to improve the problems of the prior art. The present invention is a sensor unit mounted to the UWB Reader and the yard crane and the container installed around the yard; A management unit for managing work of the yard crane and the position data obtained from the sensor unit; A distributed processing unit for processing data from the sensor unit and the management unit; It consists of an operation unit for instructing the operation and work of the yard crane.

본 발명은 UWB(Ultra-WideBand)통신 방식을 이용하여 센서 간에 무선 네트워크를 구성함으로써 야적장 주변에 설치된 UWB Reader로부터 야드 크레인과 컨테이너의 정보를 수집하여 제어함으로써 환경 및 기후의 영향을 받지 않는 특성을 보이며, 매우 높은 중심 주파수와 넓은 대역폭을 사용하는 UWB 신호의 특성으로 인해 정확한 위치검출을 할 수 있기 때문에 RMG(Rail Mounted Gantry)뿐만 아니라 RTG(Rubber Tire Gantry)크레인에 적용이 가능하며, 여러 부분에서 보정센서의 사용을 줄일 수 있다.The present invention shows a characteristic that is not affected by the environment and climate by collecting and controlling the information of the yard crane and the container from the UWB Reader installed around the yard by configuring a wireless network between the sensors using the UWB (Ultra-WideBand) communication method Due to the very high center frequency and wide bandwidth of the UWB signal, accurate position detection is possible, so it can be applied not only to RMG (Rail Mounted Gantry) but also to RTG (Rubber Tire Gantry) cranes. The use of sensors can be reduced.

본 발명은 야적장 주변에 설치된 UWB Reader 와 야드 크레인 및 컨테이너에 장착된 UWB Reader 와 야드 크레인의 위치를 전송해 줄 수 있는 Active Tag로 이루어진 센서부로부터; 센서부로부터 얻어진 야드 크레인의 작업 데이터를 처리하기 위한 중앙 통제 장치(Management Engine)로 구성되는 관리부; 상기 센서부에서 얻어진 야드 크레인 및 컨테이너의 위치 값들을 계산하여 중앙 통제 장치로 전달하거나 중앙 통제 장치의 명령을 센서부로 전달하는 역활을 하는 분산처리부(Hub Processor); 야드 크레인의 동작 및 작업을 수행하기 위한 동작부로 구성된다.The present invention from the sensor unit consisting of a UWB Reader and a yard crane installed around the yard and an active tag that can transmit the position of the yard crane and the UWB Reader mounted to the container; A management unit configured of a central control unit (Management Engine) for processing the work data of the yard crane obtained from the sensor unit; A distributed processor (Hub Processor) for calculating position values of the yard crane and the container obtained from the sensor unit and transmitting the calculated position values to the central control unit or transmitting a command of the central control unit to the sensor unit; It consists of an operation unit for performing the operation and work of the yard crane.

우선 야적장 주변에 UWB Reader 들을 설치함으로써 위치인식 네트워크를 구성하고 야드 크레인에 UWB active Tag를 설치함으로써 분산 처리부가 야드 크레인의 절대 위치 값을 수신한다. 이렇게 얻어진 위치 값을 분산처리부가 계산하여 중앙통제장치로 사람이 인식할 수 있는 데이터 값으로 변환하여 전송한다. 관리자는 작업을 지시하기 위하여 중앙통제장치를 조작함으로써 분산처리부로 명령을 하달하고 분산처리부가 동작부를 작동함으로써 야드 크레인의 작업을 자동화한다. First of all, UWB Readers are installed around the yard to construct the position recognition network and UWB active tag is installed on the yard crane, so the distributed processor receives the absolute position value of the yard crane. The distributed value is calculated by the distributed processing unit, converted into data values that can be recognized by the central control unit, and transmitted. The manager issues commands to the distributed processing unit by operating the central control unit to direct the work, and the distributed processing unit automates the work of the yard crane by operating the operating unit.

본 발명에서 도1 는 센서부를 나타내는 그림이다. 주변에 UWB Reader(101)와 야드 크레인 및 컨테이너에 장착된(102) Active Tag로 구성된다. 야적장에서의 야드 크레인과 컨테이너의 개수에 따라서 UWB Reader 와 Tag의 수량이 결정된다. UWB Reader 와 Active Tag 사이에서의 무선 통신(103)을 나타내며 UWB Reader들 간이 유무선통신(100)을 나타낸다. 1 is a view showing a sensor unit in the present invention. UWB Reader 101 and the yard crane and 102 mounted on the container is composed of the Active Tag. The quantity of UWB Reader and Tag depends on the number of yard cranes and containers in the yard. The wireless communication 103 between the UWB reader and the active tag is shown, and the wired / wireless communication 100 between the UWB readers is shown.

도2 는 야드 크레인 및 컨테이너에 부착된 Tag와 UWB Reader 그리고 야드 크레인의 동작을 수행할 수 있게 하는 컨트롤러를 나타낸다. 야드 크레인의 위치를 확인하기 위한 Active Tag(230)이며, 컨테이너의 위치를 확인하기 위한 Active Tag(220)이다. 컨테이너의 정확한 위치를 확인하기 위한 야드 크레인의 UWB Reader(230)이며 야드 크레인의 모든 작업을 처리하기 위하여 컨트롤러(200)를 나타낸다. 2 shows a tag and a UWB Reader attached to a yard crane and a container, and a controller for performing operations of a yard crane. Active tag 230 for checking the position of the yard crane, Active Tag 220 for checking the position of the container. The UWB Reader 230 of the yard crane for checking the exact position of the container and represents the controller 200 to process all the work of the yard crane.

도3 는 전체적인 작업의 흐름을 나타내는 그림이다. 관리부(300)에서 분산 처리부(310)로 수행할 작업을 지시하면 분산처리부에서는 관리부(300)에서 지시한 작업내용과 컨테이너의 ID 및 작업을 수행할 야드 크레인의 ID를 센서부(320)로 전송하며 센서부는 센서부(320) 내에서 지목된 ID에 가까운 UWB Reader에게 데이터를 전송하여 동작부(330)에게 데이터를 전송한다. 동작부(330)는 작업이 할당된 컨테이너의 ID 값을 확인하여 작업을 수행하고 작업을 마친후 작업의 할당할 때의 역순으로 작업의 종료 하였음을 관리부(300)에 전달한다.3 is a diagram showing the overall work flow. When the management unit 300 instructs the operation to be performed by the distributed processing unit 310, the distributed processing unit transmits the work contents and the ID of the container and the ID of the yard crane to perform the operation to the sensor unit 320. The sensor unit transmits data to the UWB Reader close to the ID indicated in the sensor unit 320 and transmits the data to the operation unit 330. The operation unit 330 checks the ID value of the container to which the task is assigned, performs the task, and transmits to the management unit 300 that the task is finished in the reverse order when the task is assigned after the task is finished.

Claims (1)

야드 크레인이 컨테이너를 정확한 위치에 이송 및 적재하는 무인자동화 방법에 있어 UWB Reader 및 Active Tag를 사용하는 기술 및 단계;Techniques and steps of using UWB Reader and Active Tag in an unmanned automated method in which a yard crane transports and loads a container in the correct position;
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CN104355233A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-02-18 深圳市翌日科技有限公司 Tower crane lifting system based on wireless positioning
CN105197799A (en) * 2015-09-30 2015-12-30 西安宝德自动化股份有限公司 UWB-based crane wireless positioning control system and method
CN108031703A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-05-15 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 For the method for garbage disposal, system, electronic equipment and computer-readable medium
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CN102491181A (en) * 2011-12-20 2012-06-13 武汉理工大学 Steel freight yard digitalized three-dimensional positioning method based on portal crane positioning
KR101426456B1 (en) * 2012-09-17 2014-08-06 한국철도기술연구원 A monitoring and control system to rail-type inter-terminal container transfer systems automatically operating in the port
CN104355233A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-02-18 深圳市翌日科技有限公司 Tower crane lifting system based on wireless positioning
CN105197799A (en) * 2015-09-30 2015-12-30 西安宝德自动化股份有限公司 UWB-based crane wireless positioning control system and method
CN108031703A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-05-15 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 For the method for garbage disposal, system, electronic equipment and computer-readable medium
CN108031703B (en) * 2018-01-04 2023-09-29 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method, system, electronic device and computer readable medium for garbage disposal
CN109325566A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-02-12 上海电子信息职业技术学院 A kind of article management apparatus
CN109325566B (en) * 2018-11-22 2023-10-03 上海电子信息职业技术学院 Article management device
CN110526117A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-12-03 中国铁路上海局集团有限公司 A method of it is positioned for railway goods yard container

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