KR20090064772A - Pouched-type battery - Google Patents

Pouched-type battery Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20090064772A
KR20090064772A KR1020070132090A KR20070132090A KR20090064772A KR 20090064772 A KR20090064772 A KR 20090064772A KR 1020070132090 A KR1020070132090 A KR 1020070132090A KR 20070132090 A KR20070132090 A KR 20070132090A KR 20090064772 A KR20090064772 A KR 20090064772A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
battery
pouch
resin layer
type
groove
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KR1020070132090A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101125611B1 (en
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김종환
유지상
배윤정
한동훈
이한호
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주식회사 엘지화학
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Priority to KR1020070132090A priority Critical patent/KR101125611B1/en
Publication of KR20090064772A publication Critical patent/KR20090064772A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/129—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/121—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

A pouch-type battery is provided to secure stability of a battery by releasing the gas in an abnormal operation of a battery, to accurately predict at position emitted with gas, and to prevent performance degradation of a battery due to moisture. A pouch-type battery comprises a pouch type case(20), and an electrode assembly(10) positioned inside the pouch type case. The pouch type case comprises a first resin layer(21), a second resin layer(23), and a metal layer(22) formed with grooves on at least one surface positioned between of the first resin layer and the second resin layer. The grooves can be formed in various forms.

Description

파우치형 전지{Pouched-type battery}Pouch-type battery

이차 전지에서, 안정성 문제는 매우 중요하다. 이차 전지의 사용 중에 있어 내부쇼트, 허용된 전류, 전압을 초과한 충전, 고온에의 노출, 낙하 등에 의한 충격 등과 같은 전지의 비정상적인 작동으로 인하여 유발될 수 있는 전지 내부의 고온 및 고압에 의해 전지가 폭발할 수 있고 안정성의 확보를 위하여 기존의 캔으로 외부가 둘러싸인 각형 전지의 경우는 벤트를 형성시켜 발열이 일어나기 전에 가스를 이차 전지의 외부로 배기시키게 하기 위한 구조가 도입되었다.In secondary batteries, stability issues are very important. During the use of a secondary battery, the battery may be damaged by high temperature and high pressure inside the battery, which may be caused by abnormal operation of the battery, such as internal shorts, permitted currents, charging over voltage, exposure to high temperatures, or impact from falling. In the case of a square battery that can be exploded and surrounded by an existing can to ensure stability, a structure is introduced to vent gas to the outside of the secondary battery before a heat is generated by forming a vent.

그러나 수지층으로 둘러싸인 파우치형 전지의 경우는 라미네이트 시트로 둘러싸여 있으므로, 파우치의 일면에 홈을 형성하면, 파우치 금속층이 외부로 노출되어 부식되는 것에 의한 부반응과, 홈이 형성된 부분으로 수분이 침투하는 등의 문제로 인해 전지의 성능의 저하 문제가 생기고, 파우치의 두께가 얇아 기존의 방식으로 벤트를 형성시키면 정상적인 전지의 작동 시에도 파열될 염려가 있어 문제가 됐다.However, a pouch type battery surrounded by a resin layer is surrounded by a laminate sheet. Therefore, if a groove is formed on one surface of the pouch, side reactions caused by the pouch metal layer are exposed to the outside and corroded, and moisture penetrates into the grooved portion, etc. Due to the problem of the performance of the battery caused a problem, the thickness of the pouch is thin, if the vent is formed in the conventional manner there is a problem that there is a risk of rupture even during normal operation of the battery.

이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 파우치의 실링부의 일부분을 다른 부분보다 짧게 형성하여 가스 발생 등에 의한 압력이 가해지면 짧은 부분이 터지면서 가스가 분출되도록 하는 구조가 고안되었으나, 이 경우 역시 짧은 부분은 수분 등의 침투 거리가 짧아지므로 상기의 전지 성능의 저하 문제를 해결하지 못하는 문제가 여전히 존재하였다.In order to solve such a problem, a portion of the sealing portion of the pouch is formed to be shorter than other portions, and a structure is designed so that the gas is ejected when the pressure is applied due to gas generation. Since the penetration distance is short, there is still a problem that cannot solve the problem of deterioration of the battery performance.

파우치형 전지의 안정성 확보는 하이브리드 전기 자동차의 개발과 함께 매우 중요한 쟁점으로 떠오르고 있다. 따라서, 수분 등에 의한 전지의 성능 저하를 방지하면서도 안정성을 확보할 수 있는 파우치형 전지의 개발이 절실히 요구된다.Securing pouch-type batteries has emerged as a very important issue with the development of hybrid electric vehicles. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a pouch-type battery capable of securing stability while preventing performance degradation of the battery due to moisture.

이차 전지, 특히 리튬 이차 전지는 다양한 형태로 제조가 가능하다. 일반적으로는 원통형 또는 각형의 이차전지가 제조되고 있다. 최근에는 다양한 형상으로 제조가 가능하고 안정성이 우수할 뿐 아니라 무게가 가벼워서 휴대용 전자기기의 슬림화 경량화에 있어 유리한 유연성을 지닌 소재로 제조된 파우치형 이차 전지가 각광을 받고 있다.Secondary batteries, particularly lithium secondary batteries, can be manufactured in various forms. In general, cylindrical or rectangular secondary batteries are manufactured. Recently, a pouch type secondary battery made of a material having an advantageous flexibility in manufacturing a variety of shapes, excellent stability and light weight and slim weight and light weight of portable electronic devices has been in the spotlight.

이차 전지에 있어서, 안정성의 확보를 위하여 기존의 캔으로 외부가 둘러 싸인 각형 전지의 경우는 벤트를 형성하여 발열이 일어나기 전에 가스를 이차 전지의 외부로 배기시키게 하기 위한 구조가 도입되었다. In the secondary battery, in order to secure stability, in the case of a square battery surrounded by an existing can, a structure for venting gas to the outside of the secondary battery before a heat is generated has been introduced.

그러나 수지층으로 둘러싸인 파우치형 전지의 경우는 라미네이트 시트로 둘러싸여 있으므로, 두께가 얇아 캔형 전지에 비해 압력을 견딜 수 있는 힘이 약해서 파우치의 일면에 홈을 형성하여 케이스 일부를 얇게 만들게 되면 안정성을 확보하기 어려웠다. 또한 얇게 만든 부분에서는 수분침투거리가 짧아지므로 의한 전지의 성능의 저하가 생기는 문제도 있었다.However, a pouch type battery surrounded by a resin layer is surrounded by a laminate sheet, so the thickness is thin, and thus the strength to withstand pressure is weaker than that of a can type battery. Therefore, when a part of the case is made thinner by forming a groove on one side of the pouch, the stability is ensured. It was difficult. In addition, the thin portion has a problem that the water penetration distance is shortened, resulting in a decrease in battery performance.

또한, 용융온도가 다른 수지를 이용하여 안정성을 확보하기 위한 시도도 있으나, 이 경우 역시 다른 수지가 개재된 부분의 접합강도가 떨어짐에 따라 전지가 정상적인 작동상태에 있는 경우에도 실드된 부분이 개방되는 불량이 생기는 문제가 있고, 제조공정이 복잡하며 제조단가를 높이게 되는 문제가 있었다.In addition, there are attempts to secure stability by using resins having different melting temperatures, but in this case, the shielded part is opened even when the battery is in a normal operating state due to the decrease in the bonding strength of the part where the other resin is interposed. There is a problem that a defect occurs, the manufacturing process is complicated and there was a problem that increases the manufacturing cost.

이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 파우치의 일부분을 다른 부분보다 얇게 형성하여 가스 발생 등에 의한 압력이 가해지면 얇은 부분이 터지면서 가스가 분출되도록 하는 구조가 고안되었으나, 이 경우 역시 얇은 부분은 수분 등의 침투거리 역시 짧아지므로 상기의 전지 성능의 저하 문제를 해결하지 못하는 문제가 여전히 존재하였다.In order to solve this problem, a portion of the pouch is formed thinner than other portions, and a structure is designed so that the gas is ejected while the thin portion bursts when a pressure caused by gas generation is applied. Also shortened, so there was still a problem that does not solve the problem of degradation of the battery performance.

하이브리드 전기 자동차의 개발과 함께 파우치형 전지의 안정성 확보는 매우 중요한 쟁점으로 떠오르고 있다. 따라서, 수분 등에 의한 전지의 성능 저하를 방지하면서도 안정성을 확보할 수 있는 파우치형 전지의 개발이 절실히 요구된다.With the development of hybrid electric vehicles, securing the stability of the pouch type battery has emerged as a very important issue. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a pouch-type battery capable of securing stability while preventing performance degradation of the battery due to moisture.

본 발명이 해결하고자 하는 과제는 전지의 안정성을 확보하면서도 수분 등에 의한 전지 성능저하를 막을 수 있는 파우치형 이차전지를 제공하고자 함이다.The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pouch-type secondary battery that can prevent battery degradation caused by moisture, while ensuring the stability of the battery.

본 발명에 의한 파우치형 전지는 제1수지층과, 제2수지층 및 상기 제1수지층과 상기 제2수지층 사이에 위치하는 적어도 일면에 홈이 형성된 금속층을 포함하는 파우치형 케이스와, 상기 파우치형케이스의 내부에 위치하는 전극 조립체를 포함한다.A pouch-type battery according to the present invention includes a pouch-type case including a first resin layer, a second resin layer, and a metal layer having a groove formed on at least one surface positioned between the first resin layer and the second resin layer; It includes an electrode assembly located inside the pouch-shaped case.

또한, 상기 홈은 V자, U자, └┘자 형태 중 선택되는 형태일 수 있다. In addition, the groove may be a form selected from the V-shaped, U-shaped, └ ┘ form.

또한, 상기 홈은 실링부, 전지표면부 또는 실링부에서 전지표면부를 걸쳐서 위치할 수 있다.In addition, the groove may be located over the battery surface portion in the sealing portion, the battery surface portion or the sealing portion.

본 발명에 의하면 정확한 가스 방출 위치를 알 수 있어, 안정성을 확보하면서도 전지의 성능 저하를 막을 수 있다.According to the present invention, it is possible to know the exact gas release position, and to prevent the performance degradation of the battery while ensuring stability.

도 1에서 도시된 바와 같이 본 발명에 의한 파우치형 이차 전지는 제1전극판과 제2전극판이 세퍼레이터를 개재하여 구비된 전극 조립체(10)와, 이 전극 조립체 가 수납되는 파우치케이스(20)를 포함한다.As shown in FIG. 1, the pouch type secondary battery according to the present invention includes an electrode assembly 10 having a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate disposed through a separator, and a pouch case 20 in which the electrode assembly is accommodated. Include.

또한, 상기 파우치케이스(20)는 제1수지층(21)과 제2수지층(23)의 사이에 금속층(22)이 포함되고, 상기 금속층(22)의 적어도 일면에 홈이 형성된다.In addition, the pouch case 20 includes a metal layer 22 between the first resin layer 21 and the second resin layer 23, and a groove is formed on at least one surface of the metal layer 22.

기존에는 파우치의 단면 중 일부를 얇게 구성하여 발화시작 전에 미리 가스가 전지 외부로 방출되도록 하는 방법도 시도되었으나, 이 경우 어느 부위에서 가스가 방출할 것인지를 예측하기 어려웠을 뿐 아니라, 얇아진 부분에서의 수분 등의 침투거리가 짧아짐에 따른 기밀성이 떨어져서 전지의 품질을 떨어뜨리는 문제와, 제조공정이 복잡한 문제가 있었다. In the past, a method of forming a portion of the pouch in a thin section to allow gas to be discharged to the outside of the cell before starting to ignite, but in this case, it was difficult to predict where the gas would be released, There was a problem that the air quality was lowered due to a shorter penetration distance such as water and the quality of the battery was reduced, and the manufacturing process was complicated.

그러나, 본 발명에 의하면 도 1에서 도시한 바와 같이, 금속 층의 일부에 홈을 형성하고, 그 외부에 수지층이 형성되므로 홈이 형성된 부분의 금속층의 두께는 얇아지지만, 얇아진 금속층의 두께만큼의 수지층이 채워지므로 파우치 케이스(20)의 전체적인 두께는 홈이 형성되지 않은 통상의 파우치형 이차 전지와 다르지 않아, 기밀성이 떨어짐에 따른 성능 저하의 문제가 발생하지 않는다.However, according to the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, a groove is formed in a part of the metal layer and a resin layer is formed outside thereof, so that the thickness of the metal layer of the grooved part becomes thin, but the thickness of the metal layer becomes thinner. Since the resin layer is filled, the overall thickness of the pouch case 20 is not different from that of a normal pouch type secondary battery in which no groove is formed, so that the problem of deterioration in performance due to poor airtightness does not occur.

또한, 홈은 도 1에서 도시한 것과 같이 양면뿐 아니라, 도 2에서 도시한 바와 같이 일면에만 형성하여도 무방하다. In addition, the grooves may be formed not only on both sides as shown in FIG. 1 but also on one side as shown in FIG.

또한, 상기 홈은 도 1에서 도시한 V자 뿐 아니라, U자, └┘자 형태 등 다양한 형태로 가공이 가능하다. V자 형태의 경우 벤트 되는 위치가 가장 정밀하게 예측가능하고, 압력에 민감하며, 가공이 용이하다. 또한, └┘자 형태의 경우는 압력을 받는 부분이 V자 형태에 비해 넓어 파단이 용이하다.In addition, the groove may be processed in various forms, such as the U-shaped, U-shaped └┘ shape as well as the V-shape shown in FIG. In the case of the V-shape, the position to be vented is the most precisely predictable, pressure sensitive and easy to machine. In addition, in the case of └┘ shape, the portion under pressure is wider than the V shape, so it is easy to break.

또한, 상기 홈은 팩의 셀계에 따라 벤트되어야 할 위치를 결정할 수 있고, 홈은 실링부, 전지표면부 또는 실링부에서 전지표면부에 걸쳐서 위치할 수 있다. In addition, the groove may determine the position to be vented according to the cell system of the pack, the groove may be located across the battery surface portion in the sealing portion, the battery surface portion or the sealing portion.

금속층의 홈이 형성된 부분은 수지층에 의해 메꿔진다. 이에 따라 단순히 홈을 형성한 경우보다 외부에 대한 충격에 대해서는 강하며 형성된 홈 부위를 통한 수분 등의 침투의 염려가 없어 전지의 성능을 유지하면서도 안정성을 확보할 수 있다.The part in which the groove of the metal layer was formed is filled by the resin layer. Accordingly, it is more resistant to impact on the outside than the case of simply forming a groove, and there is no fear of penetration of moisture through the formed groove, thereby ensuring stability while maintaining battery performance.

내부 압력이 증가하거나, 온도가 증가하면 수지층이 녹거나, 약해지게 되므로 금속층의 두께가 가장 얇은 홈이 형성된 부분으로 가스 방출이 이루어진다.When the internal pressure increases or the temperature increases, the resin layer melts or weakens, so that the gas is released to the portion where the metal layer has the thinnest thickness.

따라서, 본 발명과 같이 금속층에 홈이 형성되지 않은 경우에는, 폭발 또는 발화에 의한 위험이 있을 뿐 아니라, 그 전에 내압에 의해 가스가 방출되더라도 어느 곳에서 가스가 누출될 것인지는 예상하기 어려운데 반해, 금속층에 홈이 형성된 부분에서 가스 방출이 집중되므로 훨씬 정확하게 벤트되는 위치를 예상할 수 있다.Therefore, in the case where the groove is not formed in the metal layer as in the present invention, there is a risk of explosion or ignition, and it is difficult to predict where the gas will leak even if the gas is released by internal pressure before. The gas release is concentrated in the grooved part of the groove, so it is possible to predict where the vent will be more precisely.

특히 하이브리드 전기 자동차 등에 사용되는 경우 운전자와 근접한 거리에 전지가 설치되므로 가스 방출 위치를 정확하게 알아야 하고, 급격한 발화에 따른 전지의 폭발 등에 의한 피해를 예방하는 것이 매우 중요하므로 본 발명에 의한 이차 전지는 이와 같은 이차 전지의 안정성 향상의 요구에 부합한다.Particularly, when used in a hybrid electric vehicle, the battery is installed at a close distance to the driver, so the gas discharge position must be accurately known, and the secondary battery according to the present invention is very important to prevent damage caused by explosion of the battery due to rapid ignition. It meets the requirements of improving the stability of the same secondary battery.

도 1 및 도 2는 본 발명에 의한 파우치형 전지를 도시한 것이다.1 and 2 illustrate a pouch type battery according to the present invention.

Claims (3)

제1수지층과, 제2수지층 및 상기 제1수지층과 상기 제2수지층 사이에 위치하는 적어도 일면에 홈이 형성된 금속층을 포함하는 파우치형 케이스와, A pouch-type case including a first resin layer, a second resin layer, and a metal layer having grooves formed on at least one surface positioned between the first resin layer and the second resin layer; 상기 파우치형케이스의 내부에 위치하는 전극 조립체를 포함하는 파우치형 전지. Pouch-type battery comprising an electrode assembly located inside the pouch-type case. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 홈은 V, U, └┘자 형태 중에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 파우치형 전지.The groove is a pouch-type battery, characterized in that selected from V, U, └┘ shape. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 홈은 실링부에 위치, 전지표면부에 위치, 실링부에서 전지표면부에 걸쳐서 위치하는 것 중 어느 하나 인 것을 특징으로 하는 파우치형 전지.The groove is a pouch-type battery, characterized in that any one of the position located on the sealing portion, the battery surface portion, the sealing surface is located across the battery surface portion.
KR1020070132090A 2007-12-17 2007-12-17 Pouched-type battery KR101125611B1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101245282B1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2013-03-19 주식회사 엘지화학 Pouch type secondary electric cell and method for manufacturing it
KR20140015769A (en) * 2012-07-24 2014-02-07 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Rechargable battery
WO2024065786A1 (en) * 2022-09-30 2024-04-04 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Packaging shell, battery cell, battery module, battery and electric apparatus

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100571269B1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2006-04-13 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Pouches for secondary batteries and pouch type secondary batteries
KR100778980B1 (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-11-22 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Lithuim rechargeable battery

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101245282B1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2013-03-19 주식회사 엘지화학 Pouch type secondary electric cell and method for manufacturing it
KR20140015769A (en) * 2012-07-24 2014-02-07 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Rechargable battery
WO2024065786A1 (en) * 2022-09-30 2024-04-04 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Packaging shell, battery cell, battery module, battery and electric apparatus

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