KR20090046663A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device Download PDF

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KR20090046663A
KR20090046663A KR1020080020381A KR20080020381A KR20090046663A KR 20090046663 A KR20090046663 A KR 20090046663A KR 1020080020381 A KR1020080020381 A KR 1020080020381A KR 20080020381 A KR20080020381 A KR 20080020381A KR 20090046663 A KR20090046663 A KR 20090046663A
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liquid crystal
pixel
electrode
electric field
display device
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KR100954337B1 (en
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신이치 기무라
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엘지디스플레이 주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133382—Heating or cooling of liquid crystal cells other than for activation, e.g. circuits or arrangements for temperature control, stabilisation or uniform distribution over the cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치에서 표시면의 열화를 개선할 수 있는 화소구조를 갖는 액정표시장치를 얻는다.The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having a pixel structure capable of improving deterioration of a display surface in an IPS type liquid crystal display device.

이를 위하여 본 발명은 액정에 전계를 인가하기 위한 화소전극과 공통전극을 동일 기판상에 대향하여 형성하고, 상기 기판 표면에 평행한 방향의 전계를 액정층에 인가하도록 한 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치에 있어서, 상기 화소전극과 상기 공통전극은 빗(comb) 형상이고, 화소내의 대향하는 전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 영역의 폭을 좁게 하는 것으로 표시에 기여하는 영역의 전계 방향을 일 방향으로 배치한다.To this end, the present invention is directed to an IPS type liquid crystal display device in which a pixel electrode and a common electrode for applying an electric field to a liquid crystal are formed on the same substrate, and an electric field in a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate is applied to the liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrode and the common electrode have a comb shape, and the electric field direction of the region contributing to the display is narrowed in one direction by narrowing the width of the region not contributing to the display of the inter-electrode spacing in the pixel. do.

액정표시장치, 화소전극, 공통전극, IPS LCD, pixel electrode, common electrode, IPS

Description

액정표시장치{liquid crystal display device}Liquid crystal display device

본 발명은 액정표시장치에 관한 것으로, 특히 표시면의 열화를 개선하도록 액정표시장치에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device for improving deterioration of a display surface.

액정에 전계를 인가하기 위한 한쌍의 전극을 동일 기판상에 형성하고, 기판면에 거의 평행한 방향의 전계를 액정층에 인가하도록 한 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치가 있다(예를 들면 특허문헌 1 참조).There is an IPS type liquid crystal display device in which a pair of electrodes for applying an electric field to a liquid crystal is formed on the same substrate, and an electric field in a direction substantially parallel to the substrate surface is applied to the liquid crystal layer (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

이와 같은 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치는 시야각이 넓으므로, 대형의 PC 모니터, 고품질 텔레비전에 채용되고 있다. 그러나 일반적으로 TN 방식의 액정표시장치에 비해서 열화가 크고, 어느 제품에도 설계에 따른 열화가 발생하므로 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치에서 최대의 약점이 되고 있고, 이를 위한 기본적인 해결이 행해지고 있지 않다.Such an IPS type liquid crystal display device has a wide viewing angle, and is therefore employed in large PC monitors and high quality televisions. However, in general, the deterioration is greater than that of the TN type liquid crystal display device, and deterioration due to the design occurs in any product, which is the biggest weakness in the IPS type liquid crystal display device, and a basic solution for this is not performed.

특허문헌 1 일본 특허 제3564704호 공보Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 3564704

이와 같은 표시면의 열화는 전극이 빗(comb)형상이므로 전극을 끼운 좌우의 액정표시부에 가해지는 전계의 방향이 반대가 되기 때문이다. 그 때문에 TFT의 오프(off)시에 기생용량의 영향을 주기 때문에 화소전극을 끼운 한편의 공통전극에 DC 성분을 최소로 조정할 때, 또한 한편의 공통전극은 DC가 잔류하게 된다.Such deterioration of the display surface is because the direction of the electric field applied to the left and right liquid crystal display portions in which the electrodes are inserted is reversed because the electrodes have a comb shape. Therefore, since parasitic capacitance is affected when the TFT is turned off, when the DC component is adjusted to the minimum while the pixel electrode is inserted, the common electrode is left with DC.

더 부연하여 설명하면, 3개의 전극을 평면에 평행하게 배열하고, 외측 2개의 전극에 OV, 내측의 전극에 1V를 가하면, 전계는 내측의 전극으로부터 2개의 외측 전극으로 향하는 것은 자명하다. 실제의 TFT-LCD에서는 교류화하고 있는데, 왜곡된 펄스를 주기 때문에 공통전극의 전압을 조정한다. 그러나 DC0으로는 할 수 없으므로 어느 값의 DC가 발생한다.In further detail, when three electrodes are arranged in parallel with the plane, and OV is applied to the two outer electrodes and 1 V is applied to the inner electrodes, it is obvious that the electric field is directed from the inner electrodes to the two outer electrodes. In actual TFT-LCDs, they are alternating, and because they give distorted pulses, they adjust the voltage of the common electrode. However, since DC0 cannot be used, some value of DC occurs.

액정내부에는 전기 2중층이 발생하고 있는 것이 알려져 있다. 이 발생장소로서는, 전극과, 배향막 계면과, 배향막 및 액정계면이 있다. 그리고 상기 전기 2중층은 상기 3개의 재료 성질로 방향과 크기가 결정된다. IPS 방식의 액정표시장치의 경우는 내측의 전극으로부터 일측 외측의 전극으로 향하는 전계의 방향과, 내측의 전극으로부터 타측 외측의 전계로 향하는 전계의 방향에 전기 2중층 성분이 있을 때에, DC 성분이 우반분과 좌반분으로 다르게 된다. 따라서 Vcom 조정을 행할 때에 DC 성분이 잔류하여 열화의 원인이 된다.It is known that an electric double layer is generated inside the liquid crystal. As this generation place, there are an electrode, an alignment film interface, an alignment film, and a liquid crystal interface. The electrical double layer is determined in direction and size by the three material properties. In the case of an IPS type liquid crystal display device, when the electric double layer component exists in the direction of the electric field from the inner electrode to the electrode on one side and the electric field from the inner electrode to the electric field on the other side, the DC component is right. The minute and the left half are different. Therefore, the DC component remains when Vcom is adjusted to cause deterioration.

본 발명은 상술한 종래의 문제를 해결하기 위한 것으로 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치에서 표시면의 열화를 개선할 수 있도록 한 화소구조를 갖는 액정표시장치를 얻는 것을 목적으로 한다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a liquid crystal display device having a pixel structure capable of improving deterioration of a display surface in an IPS type liquid crystal display device.

본 발명에 관한 액정표시장치는 액정에 전계를 인가하기 위한 화소전극과 공통전극을 동일 기판상에 대향하여 형성하고, 상기 기판 표면에 평행한 방향의 전계를 액정층에 인가하도록 한 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치에 있어서, 상기 화소전극과 상기 공통전극은 빗(comb) 형상이고, 화소내의 대향하는 전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 영역의 폭을 좁게 하는 것으로 표시에 기여하는 영역의 전계 방향을 일 방향으로 배치한다.In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, an IPS type liquid crystal in which a pixel electrode and a common electrode for applying an electric field to a liquid crystal are formed on the same substrate, and an electric field in a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate is applied to the liquid crystal layer. In the display device, the pixel electrode and the common electrode have a comb shape and narrow the width of a region which does not contribute to the display of the inter-electrode spacing in the pixel, thereby reducing the electric field direction of the region contributing to the display. In the direction.

본 발명의 액정표시장치에 의하면, 화소내의 대향하는 화소전극과 공통전극을 양전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 영역의 폭을 좁게하고, 표시에 기여하는 영역의 전계방향을 일방향이 되도록 배치하는 것으로 DC 발생도 항상 동일 방향이 되므로 Vcom 조정으로 DC 발생을 억제할 수 있기 때문에 화소내의 DC 발생을 억제하여 열화를 개선할 수 있다.According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the opposite pixel electrode and the common electrode in the pixel are narrowed in the width of the region not contributing to the display of the gap between the two electrodes, and the electric field direction of the region contributing to the display is arranged in one direction. Since DC generation is always in the same direction, DC generation can be suppressed by adjusting Vcom, so that deterioration can be improved by suppressing DC generation in the pixel.

도 1은 본 발명에 관한 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치를 설명한 것으로, 화소구조 를 나타낸 도면이다. IPS 방식의 액정표시장치는 상측기판과 하측기판 및 양자의 간격에 충진된 액정층으로 이루어지고, 하측기판에 형성된 화소전극과 공통전극 사이에 전압을 인가하여 양 전극 사이에 형성되는 전계를 제어하고, 액정의 배향상태를 제어하여 패널을 투과하는 백라이트 광의 투과율을 변화시킨다. 이때 하측기판 면에 거의 평행한 방향의 전계를 발생시켜서 액정층에 인가한다.1 illustrates a liquid crystal display device of an IPS type according to the present invention and shows a pixel structure. IPS type liquid crystal display is composed of a liquid crystal layer filled in the gap between the upper substrate and the lower substrate and both, and controls the electric field formed between both electrodes by applying a voltage between the pixel electrode and the common electrode formed on the lower substrate The orientation of the liquid crystal is controlled to change the transmittance of the backlight light passing through the panel. At this time, an electric field in a direction substantially parallel to the lower substrate surface is generated and applied to the liquid crystal layer.

도 1에 나타낸 화소전극(1)과 공통전극(2)은 하측기판상에 형성되고, 화소전극(1)은 게이트 라인을 데이터 라인의 교차부마다 형성된 TFT에 접속되며, 공통전극(2)은 화소전극(1)에 대향하여 형성되어 있다. 대향하는 화소전극(1)과 공통전극(2)은 모두 빗(comb) 형상으로 형성되어 있다.The pixel electrode 1 and the common electrode 2 shown in FIG. 1 are formed on the lower substrate, the pixel electrode 1 is connected to a TFT formed with a gate line at each intersection of the data line, and the common electrode 2 is It is formed to face the pixel electrode 1. The opposing pixel electrode 1 and the common electrode 2 are both formed in a comb shape.

여기서, 화소내의 대향하는 화소전극(1)과 공통전극(2)은 전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 영역의 폭(a) 을 좁히는 것이고, 표시에 기여하는 영역의 전계방향을 일방향이 되도록 배치한다. 즉, 도 1에 있어서, 화소전압이 정(+)일 때, 화살로 나타낸 바와 같이, 화소전극(1)의 우방향만의 전계를 발생시키고, 화소전압이 부(-)일 때에 화살표와는 반대의 좌방향만의 전계를 발생시키도록 한다.Here, the opposing pixel electrodes 1 and the common electrode 2 in the pixel narrow the width a of a region not contributing to the display of the inter-electrode spacing, and arrange the electric field direction of the region contributing to the display to be one direction. do. That is, in Fig. 1, when the pixel voltage is positive (+), as shown by the arrow, an electric field of only the right direction of the pixel electrode 1 is generated, and when the pixel voltage is negative, it is different from the arrow. Generate the electric field in the opposite left direction only.

또한, 화소내의 대향하는 화소전극(1)과 공통전극(2)의 전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 영역의 폭(a)은 상측기판에 형성된 차광용의 블랙 매트릭스의 범위내에 들어가도록 좁혀지면 좋다.Further, if the width a of the region that does not contribute to the display of the inter-electrode spacing between the opposing pixel electrodes 1 and the common electrode 2 in the pixel is narrowed to fall within the range of the black matrix for light shielding formed on the upper substrate, good.

따라서 본 발명의 실시예에 의하면, 화소내의 대향하는 화소전극(1)과 공통전극(2)을 양전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 영역의 폭(a)을 좁히고, 표시에 기여하는 영역의 전계방향을 일방향이 되도록 배치하는 것에 의해 화소내의 전계방 향을 항상 일방향이 되도록 할 수 있고, 이것에 의해서 DC 발생도 항상 동일 방향이 되므로 Vcom조정으로 DC 발생을 억제할 수 있다. 이 때문에 화소내의 DC발생을 억제하여 열화를 개선할 수 있다. Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electric field of the region contributing to the display is narrowed by narrowing the width a of the region in which the opposite pixel electrode 1 and the common electrode 2 in the pixel do not contribute to the display of the gap between the two electrodes. By arranging the directions in one direction, the electric field direction in the pixel can always be in one direction, whereby the DC generation is always in the same direction, so that DC generation can be suppressed by Vcom adjustment. For this reason, DC generation in a pixel can be suppressed and deterioration can be improved.

도 1은 본 발명에 관한 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치를 설명하기 위한 것으로, 화소구조를 나타낸 도면이다.FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a liquid crystal display device of an IPS type according to the present invention and showing a pixel structure.

도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1 : 화소전극 2 : 공통전극1 pixel electrode 2 common electrode

a : 전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 영역의 폭a: width of the region that does not contribute to the display of the interelectrode gap

Claims (2)

액정에 전계를 인가하기 위한 화소전극과 공통전극을 동일 기판상에 대향하여 형성하고, 상기 기판 표면에 평행한 방향의 전계를 액정층에 인가하도록 한 IPS 방식의 액정표시장치에 있어서,In the liquid crystal display device of the IPS type in which a pixel electrode and a common electrode for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal are formed on the same substrate so as to face each other, and an electric field in a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate is applied to the liquid crystal layer. 상기 화소전극과 상기 공통전극은 빗(comb) 형상이고, 화소내의 대향하는 전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 영역의 폭을 좁게 하는 것으로 표시에 기여하는 영역의 전계 방향을 일 방향으로 배치한 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시장치.The pixel electrode and the common electrode have a comb shape, and the electric field direction of the region contributing to the display is narrowed in one direction by narrowing the width of the region not contributing to the display of the inter-electrode spacing in the pixel. A liquid crystal display device. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 화소내의 대향하는 전극간 간격의 표시에 기여하지 않는 폭은 상기 화소전극과 상기 공통전극이 형성된 기판과 대향하는 기판측에 형성된 차광용 블랙 매트릭스의 범위 내에 들어오도록 좁혀지는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시장치.The width which does not contribute to the display of the inter-electrode spacing in the pixel is narrowed so as to fall within the range of the light blocking black matrix formed on the substrate side facing the substrate on which the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed. Device.
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