KR20090005880A - Marker genes based on thalidomide treatment for screening of drug inducing teratogenicity and screening method using thereof - Google Patents
Marker genes based on thalidomide treatment for screening of drug inducing teratogenicity and screening method using thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 마커유전자 및 이를 이용한 검색 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 최기형성 유발 약물인 탈리도마이드에 의해 유전자 발현이 증가 또는 감소하는 마커유전자 및 이를 이용한 최기형성 유발 약물 검색 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a marker gene for teratogenic drug search and a search method using the same, and more particularly, to a marker gene in which gene expression is increased or decreased by thalidomide, a teratogenic drug, and a method for searching for teratogenic drug using the same. .
최근에도 다발성 중증 아프타성 궤양, 만성 루프스, 한센병의 결절성 호안, 만성 숙주 편대이식반응 등의 희귀질환 치료를 위해 사용되고 있지만 탈리도마이드의 가장 잘 알려진 특징은 태아의 사지 기형을 일으키며 심장, 생식기, 신장, 소화기, 신경장애, 눈, 귀의 기형을 일으키고 태아에 대한 부작용 외에도 심각한 부작용이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 초기 유럽시장에서 거의 4년 동안 수면제나 진정제로 사용되었고, 임신부의 입덧에 효과가 있어서 임신부들이 많이 사용하게 되었 는데 한번의 복용으로도 태아에게 심각한 기형을 유발하게 되었다. 그러나 이런 부작용에도 항암치료 등에 효과를 나타내지 않는 다발성 골수종 등에 치료효과를 나타내기 때문에 항암제로서 조심스럽게 처방되고 있다.Although it has recently been used for the treatment of rare diseases such as multiple severe aphthous ulcers, chronic lupus, leprosy nodule, and chronic host antagonism, the most well-known feature of thalidomide causes fetal limb malformations, heart, genital, kidney, and digestive organs. It is known to cause neurological disorders, eye and ear malformations and serious side effects in addition to adverse effects on the fetus. It has been used as a sleeping sedative or sedative for almost four years in the early European market, and it is effective for morning sickness of pregnant women, which has been used by many pregnant women. However, these side effects have been carefully prescribed as an anticancer agent because they have a therapeutic effect on multiple myeloma and the like that do not have an effect on chemotherapy.
탈리도마이드의 기전은 신경계 관련, 초기의 신장 관련, 혈관신생 관련, 산화적 스트레스 관련 등 여러 가지 논의되고 있으나 명확하게 밝혀지지 않았다.The mechanism of thalidomide has been discussed in various ways, including the nervous system, early kidney, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress.
탈리도마이드는 특이하게 GC 프로모터 위치에 결합한다. 이것은 혈관신생과 관련된 유전자인 IGF-1과 FGF-2의 프로모터 부위에서 다수의 GC 박스 (GGGCGG)에 결합하여 전사효율을 감소시킨다. 이것은 혈관신생을 방해하여 사지의 기형을 유발한다. 또, 발달과정 초기의 신장은 연골의 형성을 유도하여 사지조직의 형성을 돕는데 탈리도마이드는 원신에 결합하여 유도의 연골형성을 방해한다 (James and Lauri, Developmental Biology 28(1);61-70 1972). 그 외에도 신경능 유래의 세포의 분화에 영향을 준다고 보고되었으며 (McCredie, Journal of the Neurological Sciences 28(3):373-387 1976), 설치류의 배아 줄기 세포에서 ROS를 유발하고 혈관신생을 혼란시킨다고 보고되었다 (Am J Pathol, 156(1): 151-158, 2000).Thalidomide specifically binds to the GC promoter position. It binds to a number of GC boxes (GGGCGG) at the promoter sites of IGF-1 and FGF-2, genes related to angiogenesis, and reduces transcriptional efficiency. This interferes with angiogenesis and causes malformations of the limbs. In addition, the kidneys in the early stages of development induce cartilage formation to help the formation of limb tissues. Thalidomide binds to the body and interferes with the induction of cartilage (James and Lauri, Developmental). Biology 28 (1); 61-70 1972). In addition, it has been reported to affect the differentiation of cells derived from the neural crest (McCredie, Journal of the Neurological Sciences 28 (3): 373-387 1976), have been reported to induce ROS and disrupt angiogenesis in rodent embryonic stem cells ( Am J Pathol , 156 (1): 151-158, 2000).
포유류 6종, 미생물 292종 등 여러 종의 게놈(genome) 염기서열 프로젝트가 완성되어 NCBI(National Center for Biotechnology Information)에 보고되었다. 이렇게 얻어진 막대한 양의 데이터를 기본으로 유전자의 기능을 연구하기 위하여 게놈-와이드 익스프레션(genome-wide expression) 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 한 번의 실험으로 수천 개의 유전자의 발현을 분석하기 위하여 DNA 마이크로어레 이(microarray) 분석을 수행한다 (Schena, M., et al ., Proc . Natl . Acad . Sci. USA 93:10614-10619, 1996).Several genome sequencing projects, including six mammals and 292 microbes, have been completed and reported to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Genome-wide expression studies are being conducted to study the function of genes based on the vast amount of data obtained. DNA microarray analysis is performed to analyze the expression of thousands of genes in one experiment (Schena, M., et. al ., Proc . Natl . Acad . Sci. USA 93: 10614-10619, 1996).
마이크로어레이는 cDNA(complementary DNA)나 20-25 염기쌍(base pair) 길이의 올리고뉴클레오티드(oligonucleotide)들의 세트를 유리에 집적화한 것이다. cDNA 마이크로어레이는 학교 내의 연구실 또는 Agilent, Genomic Solutions 등의 회사에서 칩 위에 cDNA 수집물을 기계적으로 고정화 하거나 잉크젯(ink jetting) 방법을 이용하여 생산하고 있다 (Sellheyer, K and Belbin, T.J., J. Am . Acad . Dermatol. 51:681-692, 2004). 올리고뉴클레오티드 마이크로어레이는 Affymetrix사에서 사진 식각 공정 (photolithography)을 이용하여 칩 위에서 직접 합성 방법에 의해 만들고 있으며, Agillent사 등에는 합성된 올리고뉴클레오티드를 고정화하는 방법으로 생산하고 있다 (Sellheyer, K. and Belbin, T.J., J. Am . Acad . Dermatol. 51:681-692, 2004).Microarrays integrate a set of oligonucleotides of complementary DNA (cDNA) or 20-25 base pairs in length on glass. cDNA microarrays are produced by labs in schools or by companies such as Agilent and Genomic Solutions, either mechanically immobilizing cDNA collections on a chip or using ink jetting (Sellheyer, K and Belbin, TJ, J. Am). . Acad Dermatol 51:.. 681-692 , 2004). Oligonucleotide microarrays are made by Affymetrix using a photolithography method directly on the chip, and Agillent et al. Are produced by immobilizing synthesized oligonucleotides (Sellheyer, K. and Belbin). , TJ, J. Am . Acad . Dermatol . 51: 681-692, 2004).
유전자의 발현을 분석을 위해서는 조직 등 시료에서 RNA를 얻어 DNA 마이크로어레이에 있는 올리고뉴클레오티드와 교잡반응을 수행한다. 얻어진 RNA는 형광이나 동위원소로 표지화하며, cDNA로 전환시킨다. 올리고 마이크로어레이는 주로 두개의 다른 형광(예: Cye3과 Cye5)으로 대조군과 실험군을 각각 표지화하여 같은 칩 상에서 동시에 교잡 반응을 수행한 후 광학적으로 이미지를 스캔하여 형광의 세기를 얻고 그 결과를 분석한다. 두 개의 형광 세기의 비율에 따라 유전자의 발현 여부를 결정한다 (Somasundaram, K., et al ., Genomics Proteomics I:1-10, 2002).To analyze gene expression, RNA is obtained from samples such as tissues and hybridized with oligonucleotides in DNA microarrays. The obtained RNA is labeled with fluorescence or isotope and converted to cDNA. Oligo microarrays are mainly labeled with two different fluorescences (e.g., Cye3 and Cye5) to perform hybridization reactions on the same chip at the same time. . Gene expression is determined by the ratio of the two fluorescence intensities (Somasundaram, K., et al ., Genomics Proteomics I: 1-10, 2002).
최근 DNA 마이크로어레이 기술을 이용한 첨단 기법인 독성 유전체 학(Toxicogenomics) 연구 등과 접목하여 대량(high throughput)으로 의약품 및 신의약 후보물질은 물론 모든 화학물질에 의한 특정 조직이나 세포주에서 발현되는 유전자들의 발현 패턴의 분석, 양적 분석이 가능해졌다. 이에 따라 특정 세포 내에서 특정 유전자의 발현 빈도를 분석함으로써 약물의 부작용과 관련된 유전자의 발굴이 가능하며, 이를 통하여 약물의 작용 및 부작용에 따른 분자적 메커니즘을 이해하게 될 것이며 나아가 독성 및 부작용을 유발하는 물질의 검색 및 진단이 가능하게 될 것이다.Combined with recent research on toxic genomics (Toxicogenomics), an advanced technique using DNA microarray technology, expression patterns of genes expressed in specific tissues or cell lines by all chemicals as well as drug and new drug candidates in high throughput And quantitative analysis are now possible. Accordingly, by analyzing the frequency of expression of specific genes in specific cells, it is possible to discover genes related to side effects of drugs, and through this, we will understand the molecular mechanisms according to the actions and side effects of drugs, Search and diagnosis of the material will be possible.
이에 본 발명자들은 인간 유전자 4만 1천개가 집적된 올리고마이크로어레이를 이용하여 항암제로서 최기형성을 유발하는 대표적 약물인 탈리도마이드 처리에 의한 유전자 발현 프로파일을 인간 태반 융모막암 세포인 JEG-3 세포주에서 관찰 및 분석함으로써 탈리도마이드에 의해 과발현 또는 저발현 되는 유전자를 발굴하고, 실시간(real-time) 정량 RT-PCR 방법에 의해 상기 유전자들의 발현 양상을 확인함으로써 최기형성 유발 약물을 검출할 수 있는 마커유전자 및 이를 이용한 검색 방법을 확립하여 본 발명을 완성하였다.Therefore, the present inventors observed and analyzed the gene expression profile by thalidomide treatment, a representative drug causing teratogenicity, as an anticancer agent using oligomicroarray in which 41,000 human genes were accumulated, in the JEG-3 cell line of human placental choriocarcinoma cells. By detecting genes overexpressed or underexpressed by thalidomide and confirming expression of the genes by real-time quantitative RT-PCR method, a marker gene capable of detecting a teratogenic drug and a search method using the same The present invention has been completed.
본 발명의 목적은 최기형성 유발 약물에 의해 과발현 또는 저발현되는 마커유전자 및 상기 마커유전자를 이용한 최기형성 유발 약물 검색 방법을 제공하는 것이다.An object of the present invention is to provide a marker gene overexpressed or underexpressed by a teratogenic drug and a method for searching for a teratogenic drug using the marker gene.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 최기형성 유발 약물인 탈리도마이드에 의해 자극받은 인간 태반 융모막암 세포에서 발현 변화를 일으키는 것을 특징으로 하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 마커유전자를 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a marker gene for teratogenic drug search, characterized in that the expression changes in human placental choriocarcinoma cells stimulated by thalidomide which is a teratogenic drug.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 마커유전자 서열의 전부 또는 일부를 포함하는 올리고뉴클레오티드 또는 그의 상보가닥 분자가 집적된 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩을 제공한다.The present invention also provides a DNA microarray chip for teratogenicity-induced drug search in which an oligonucleotide or its complementary strand molecule containing all or part of the marker gene sequence is integrated.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 마커유전자를 이용한 최기형성 유발 약물 검색 방법을 제공한다.The present invention also provides a method for teratogenic drug search using the marker gene.
아울러, 본 발명은 상기 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩을 포함하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색 키트를 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a teratogenic drug search kit comprising the DNA microarray chip.
이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명은 최기형성 유발 약물인 탈리도마이드에 의해 자극받은 인간 태반 융모막암 세포에서 발현 변화를 일으키는 것을 특징으로 하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 마커유전자를 제공한다.The present invention provides a marker gene for teratogenic drug search, characterized in that the expression changes in human placental chorionic cancer cells stimulated by thalidomide, a teratogenic drug.
상기 마커유전자는 아폽토시스 (apoptosis), 임신 (pregnancy), 혈관신생 (angiogenesis), 형태형성 (morphogenesis)에 관련된 유전자로 구성되어 있다.The marker gene is composed of genes related to apoptosis, pregnancy, angiogenesis, and morphogenesis.
본 발명은 하기와 같이 구성된 군에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 마커유전자를 제공한다: 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_032199 [AT rich interactive domain 5B (MRF1-like)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX647857 [Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB018258 [ATPase, Class V, type 10B], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_013314 [B-cell linker], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX111592 [Transcribed locus], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK000652 [Chromosome 20 open reading frame 57], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_203403 [Chromosome 9 open reading frame 150], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF239668 [Cholecystokinin B receptor], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY268104 [Carboxylesterase 1 (monocyte/macrophage serine esterase 1)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_000735 [Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC067746 [C-type lectin domain family 1, member A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR749536 [C-type lectin domain family 7, member A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AL136922 [ClpX caseinolytic peptidase X homolog (E. coli)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001874 [Carboxypeptidase M], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR598482 [Chymotrypsin-like], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_031226 [Cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_214462 [Dapper, antagonist of beta-catenin, homolog 2 (Xenopus laevis)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF177395 [Dickkopf homolog 2 (Xenopus laevis)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AL832598 [Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1-like 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX092581 [Developmental pluripotency associated 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC064700 [Estrogen-related receptor gamma], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF075292 [Fibroblast growth factor 18], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005971 [FXYD domain containing ion transport regulator 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_000162 [Glucokinase (hexokinase 4, maturity onset diabetes of the young 2)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB209105 [Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (neuroan 1)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK057515 [CDNA FLJ32953 fis, clone TESTI2008099], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AJ556711 [Immunoglobulin gamma heavy chain variable region (IGHV3-30.3 gene), clone 2B 3G 02], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) R63061 [Keratin 23 (histone deacetylase inducible)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_007360 [Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily K, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_007015 [Leukocyte cell derived chemotaxin 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC013438 [Hypothetical gene supported by BC013438], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_138703 [Melanoma antigen family E, 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AJ007798 [Stromal antigen 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK096306 [Hypothetical protein MGC3032], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003681 [Pyridoxal (pyridoxine, vitamin B6) kinase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR606430 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 11], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC025767 [Rhophilin, Rho GTPase binding protein 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB007937 [Syndecan 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_022367 [Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX649005 [Serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC063830 [ST6 (alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-beta-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_013356 [Solute carrier family 16, member 8 (monocarboxylic acid transporter 3)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014585 [Solute carrier family 40 (iron-regulated transporter), member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX648244 [Spermatogenesis associated 13], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK056709 [Thrombospondin, type I, domain containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY728143 [Transmembrane protein 16A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC052977 [Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1B], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK023755 [Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_016113 [Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK122757 [Tubulin, beta 3], 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_23_P124177, 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_23_P210297, 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003387 [WAS/WASL interacting protein family, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) M23575 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002632 [Placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK096580 [CDNA FLJ39261 fis, clone OCBBF2009391], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CD388102 [Similar to Placental tissue protein 13 (Placenta protein 13) (Galectin-13)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002288 [Leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB002308 [KIAA0310], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AL136646 [Rho GTPase activating protein 24], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB208809 [Solute carrier family 13 (sodium/sulfate symporters), member 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004454 [Ets variant gene 5 (ets-related molecule)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB075819 [ATPase, Class I, type 8B, member 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004235 [Kruppel-like factor 4 (gut)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF450487 [Kinesin family member 21A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK075130 [G protein-coupled receptor 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR601901 [Insulin-like 4 (placenta)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_022482 [Zinc finger protein 336], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) D90070 [Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) X97758 [Rho family GTPase 3], 유전자등 록번호 (Genebank) BC068585 [HERV-FRD provirus ancestral Env polyprotein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_000494 [Collagen, type XVII, alpha 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001005325 [Olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily M, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004419 [Dual specificity phosphatase 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) R45075 [Transcribed locus, weakly similar to XP_219319.3 PREDICTED: similar to deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 [Rattus norvegicus]], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX649112 [COBL-like 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AI939596 [Transcribed locus], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004561 [Ovo-like 1(Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BG571732 [S100 calcium binding protein P], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX537382 [Solute carrier family 38, member 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR749205 [DKFZP686A01247 hypothetical protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK056776 [Hypothetical protein FLJ32214], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) M57609 [GLI-Kruppel family member GLI3 (Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX386171 [Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 8], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC063127 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX648582 [Sprouty homolog 2 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_016569 [T-box 3 (ulnar mammary syndrome)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014365 [Heat shock 22kDa protein 8], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF056434 [CDNA FLJ12815 fis, clone NT2RP2002546], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002182 [Interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004570 [Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, class 2, gamma polypeptide], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK128505 [Keratin 7], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AI074002 [Transcribed locus, strongly similar to NP_083546.1 Rho GTPase activating protein 24 isoform 1 [Mus musculus]], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK095632 [Ankyrin repeat and BTB (POZ) domain containing 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002356 [Myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC042755 [Regulator of G-protein signalling 2, 24kDa], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_033393 [KIAA1727 protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC005839 [Follistatin-like 3 (secreted glycoprotein)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_031246 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY358486 [Plexin domain containing 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BM715650 [MRNA; cDNA DKFZp313O2015 (from clone DKFZp313O2015)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004155 [Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 9], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC037275 [Tudor domain containing 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001848 [Collagen, type VI, alpha 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) Y18483 [Solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 8], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004120 [Guanylate binding protein 2, interferon-inducible], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BM923753 [Trefoil factor 1 (breast cancer, estrogen-inducible sequence expressed in)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK075446 [26 serine protease], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005668 [ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001031802 [Similar to hypothetical testis protein from macaque], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_016354 [Solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 4A1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC036846 [Protease, serine, 33], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) XM_371015 [Ubiquitin specific peptidase 43], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014590 [Endogenous retroviral family W, env(C7), member 1 (syncytin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK097398 [Nucleobindin 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_173675 [Hypothetical protein FLJ33708], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005975 [PTK6 protein tyrosine kinase 6], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK021606 [CDNA FLJ11544 fis, clone HEMBA1002826], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005935 [AF4/FMR2 family, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_212482 [Fibronectin 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001753 [Caveolin 1, caveolae protein, 22kDa], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX537968 [Hypothetical LOC51149], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_181659 [Nuclear receptor coactivator 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX111520 [Transcribed locus], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR749722 [RAS p21 protein activator (GTPase activating protein) 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK128870 [Synapse defective 1, Rho GTPase, homolog 1 (C. elegans)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_022153 [Chromosome 10 open reading frame 54], 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2301901 [Zinc finger CCCH-type containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_015117 [Zinc finger CCCH-type containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF343078 [ATPase family, AAA domain containing 3B], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) D89974 [Vanin 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001006946 [Syndecan 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY055760 [Decay accelerating factor for complement (CD55, Cromer blood group system)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB016901 [Chromosome 6 open reading frame 123], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK096355 [Myxovirus (influenza virus) resistance 1, interferon-inducible protein p78 (mouse)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_182898 [CAMP responsive element binding protein 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC036890 [Grainyhead-like 3 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK094505 [Cysteine conjugate-beta lyase; cytoplasmic (glutamine transaminase K, kyneurenine aminotransferase)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB007940 [RAB GTPase activating protein 1-like], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR936755 [Guanylate binding protein 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006291 [Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006778 [Tripartite motif-containing 10], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_020809 [Rho GTPase activating protein 20], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BQ186674 [Hypothetical gene supported by AF086204], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003966 [Sema domain, seven thrombospondin repeats (type 1 and type 1- like), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 5A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BM810215 [Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003167 [Sulfotransferase family, cytosolic, 2A, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-preferring, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001620 [AHNAK nucleoprotein (desmoyokin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004615 [Tetraspanin 7], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR609484 [Kynureninase (L-kynurenine hydrolase)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014400 [LY6/PLAUR domain containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB209845 [Transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase II], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK091125 [Hypothetical protein LOC162427], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX649103 [Chondroitin beta1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY217348 [Armadillo repeat containing 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK126079 [Zinc finger protein 692], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK096685 [Transforming growth factor, beta receptor associated protein 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_198479 [Tetra-peptide repeat homeobox 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK127349 [Major histocompatibility complex, class I, C], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB023177 [KIAA0960 protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK126731 [Glucocorticoid induced transcript 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014619 [Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) R31293 [suppressor of cytokine signaling 2], 유 전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK055190 [Chromosome X open reading frame 36], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC038504 [SNF1-like kinase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_018018 [Solute carrier family 38, member 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK123704 [Similar to pleckstrin homology domain containing, family M (with RUN domain) member 1; adapter protein 162], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX647357 [Iduronate 2-sulfatase (Hunter syndrome)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001343 [Disabled homolog 2, mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001904 [Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR599551 [EF-hand domain family, member D1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK172837 [Organic solute transporter alpha], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC027456 [Similar to interspersed repeat antigen, putative], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001025598 [Rho GTPase activating protein 30], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001003793 [RNA binding motif, single stranded interacting protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB022718 [Chromosome 10 open reading frame 10], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_023915 [G protein-coupled receptor 87], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006200 [Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) XM_496826 [NHS-like 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK124904 [FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 6], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006317 [Brain abundant, membrane attached signal protein 1], 유전자등록번 호 (Genebank) AL136861 [Cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain containing 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK222648 [Calbindin 2, 29kDa (calretinin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK023628 [Hypothetical protein LOC199725], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006907 [Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR622352 [Brain specific protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC030666 [Ring finger protein 182], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC053619 [Arrestin domain containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003670 [Basic helix-loop-helix domain containing, class B, 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005576 [Lysyl oxidase-like 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF217990 [Homocysteine-inducible, endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible, ubiquitin-like domain member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_182485 [Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK125877 [Hypothetical protein MGC27016], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK001879 [Hypothetical protein FLJ11017], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BG618056 [Transcribed locus], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AI741395 [MCM5 minichromosome maintenance deficient 5, cell division cycle 46 (S. cerevisiae)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF291673 [Giant axonal neuropathy (gigaxonin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK056794 [Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF001893 [Trophoblast-derived noncoding RNA], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_024342 [Glucocorticoid receptor DNA binding factor 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_181645 [Hypothetical protein FLJ25393], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK092368 [Empty spiracles homolog 1 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB051464 [Kelch-like 15 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_032484 [Homolog of mouse LGP1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_022371 [Torsin family 3, member A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002033 [Fucosyltransferase 4 (alpha (1,3) fucosyltransferase, myeloid-specific)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK125154 [Plexin A2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK125559 [Zymogen granule protein 16], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_176822 [NACHT, leucine rich repeat and PYD containing 14], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001620 [AHNAK nucleoprotein (desmoyokin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK097654 [SPT2, Suppressor of Ty, domain containing 1 (S. cerevisiae)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004821 [Heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) X89399 [RAS p21 protein activator 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK090470 [CD33 antigen (gp67)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_018013 [Hypothetical protein FLJ10159], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC038369 [Interleukin 17 receptor D], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AJ009985 [Annexin A9], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB032417 [Frizzled homolog 4 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003873 [Neuropilin 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_015335 [Thyroid hormone receptor associated protein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_015270 [Adenylate cyclase 6], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001995 [Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004457 [Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005933 [Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia (trithorax homolog, Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002843 [Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, J], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK023414 [Steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2-like], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) U06936 [D site of albumin promoter (albumin D-box) binding protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) DQ097177 [HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF234887 [Cadherin, EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2 (flamingo homolog, Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BG483345 [Secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK074614 [Insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NR_000041 [RNA, U12 small nuclear], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC009383 [Kringle containing transmembrane protein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY358127 [Leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_007313 [V-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB020647 [F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 7], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014476 [PDZ and LIM domain 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK123302 [CDNA FLJ41308 fis, clone BRAMY2042612], 유전자등록번 호 (Genebank) BC063872 [Tripartite motif-containing 9], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB007944 [Family with sequence similarity 20, member B], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK027155 [CDNA: FLJ23502 fis, clone LNG02862], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_178556 [Hypothetical protein FLJ36180], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003617 [Regulator of G-protein signalling 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001007271 [Dual specificity phosphatase 13], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC045642 [Metadherin], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001618 [Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY358815 [Neural cell adhesion molecule 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_000448 [Recombination activating gene 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_178509 [Syntaxin binding protein 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB209376 [SATB family member 2], 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_24_P918364, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2328806, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2272137, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2433340, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2343493, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2288230, 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_32_P145515, 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_24_P921636.The present invention provides a marker gene, characterized in that selected from the group consisting of: Genebank (Genebank) NM_032199 [AT rich interactive domain 5B (MRF1-like)], Genebank (Genebank) BX647857 [Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing 5], Genebank AB018258 [ATPase, Class V, type 10B], Genebank NM_013314 [B-cell linker], Genebank BX111592 [Transcribed locus ], Genebank AK000652 [
1) 상기 마커유전자 중에서 최기형성 유발 약물의 처리에 의하여 발현이 증가하는 마커유전자는 하기와 같다: 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_032199 [AT rich interactive domain 5B (MRF1-like)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX647857 [Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB018258 [ATPase, Class V, type 10B], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_013314 [B-cell linker], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX111592 [Transcribed locus], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_203403 [Chromosome 9 open reading frame 150], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY268104 [Carboxylesterase 1 (monocyte/macrophage serine esterase 1)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_000735 [Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC067746 [C-type lectin domain family 1, member A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR749536 [C-type lectin domain family 7, member A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AL136922 [ClpX caseinolytic peptidase X homolog (E. coli)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001874 [Carboxypeptidase M], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR598482 [Chymotrypsin-like], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_031226 [Cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_214462 [Dapper, antagonist of beta-catenin, homolog 2 (Xenopus laevis)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF177395 [Dickkopf homolog 2 (Xenopus laevis)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AL832598 [Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1-like 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX092581 [Developmental pluripotency associated 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC064700 [Estrogen-related receptor gamma], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF075292 [Fibroblast growth factor 18], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_000162 [Glucokinase (hexokinase 4, maturity onset diabetes of the young 2)], 유전자 등록번호 (Genebank) AB209105 [Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (neuroan 1)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK057515 [CDNA FLJ32953 fis, clone TESTI2008099], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AJ556711 [Immunoglobulin gamma heavy chain variable region (IGHV3-30.3 gene), clone 2B 3G 02], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) R63061 [Keratin 23 (histone deacetylase inducible)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_007360 [Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily K, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_007015 [Leukocyte cell derived chemotaxin 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC013438 [Hypothetical gene supported by BC013438], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003681 [Pyridoxal (pyridoxine, vitamin B6) kinase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR606430 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 11], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC025767 [Rhophilin, Rho GTPase binding protein 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB007937 [Syndecan 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_022367 [Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX649005 [Serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC063830 [ST6 (alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-beta-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_013356 [Solute carrier family 16, member 8 (monocarboxylic acid transporter 3)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014585 [Solute carrier family 40 (iron-regulated transporter), member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX648244 [Spermatogenesis associated 13], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK056709 [Thrombospondin, type I, domain containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY728143 [Transmembrane protein 16A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC052977 [Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1B], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK023755 [Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_016113 [Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK122757 [Tubulin, beta 3], 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_23_P124177, 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_23_P210297, 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003387 [WAS/WASL interacting protein family, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) M23575 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002632 [Placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK096580 [CDNA FLJ39261 fis, clone OCBBF2009391], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CD388102 [Similar to Placental tissue protein 13 (Placenta protein 13) (Galectin-13)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002288 [Leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB002308 [KIAA0310], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AL136646 [Rho GTPase activating protein 24], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB208809 [Solute carrier family 13 (sodium/sulfate symporters), member 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004454 [Ets variant gene 5 (ets-related molecule)], 유전자등록 번호 (Genebank) AB075819 [ATPase, Class I, type 8B, member 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004235 [Kruppel-like factor 4 (gut)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF450487 [Kinesin family member 21A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK075130 [G protein-coupled receptor 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR601901 [Insulin-like 4 (placenta)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_022482 [Zinc finger protein 336], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) D90070 [Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) X97758 [Rho family GTPase 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC068585 [HERV-FRD provirus ancestral Env polyprotein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_000494 [Collagen, type XVII, alpha 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001005325 [Olfactory receptor, family 6, subfamily M, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004419 [Dual specificity phosphatase 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) R45075 [Transcribed locus, weakly similar to XP_219319.3 PREDICTED: similar to deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 [Rattus norvegicus]], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX649112 [COBL-like 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AI939596 [Transcribed locus], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004561 [Ovo-like 1(Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BG571732 [S100 calcium binding protein P], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX537382 [Solute carrier family 38, member 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR749205 [DKFZP686A01247 hypothetical protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK056776 [Hypothetical protein FLJ32214], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) M57609 [GLI- Kruppel family member GLI3 (Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX386171 [Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 8], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC063127 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX648582 [Sprouty homolog 2 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_016569 [T-box 3 (ulnar mammary syndrome)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014365 [Heat shock 22kDa protein 8], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF056434 [CDNA FLJ12815 fis, clone NT2RP2002546], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002182 [Interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004570 [Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, class 2, gamma polypeptide], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK128505 [Keratin 7], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AI074002 [Transcribed locus, strongly similar to NP_083546.1 Rho GTPase activating protein 24 isoform 1 [Mus musculus]], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK095632 [Ankyrin repeat and BTB (POZ) domain containing 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002356 [Myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC042755 [Regulator of G-protein signalling 2, 24kDa], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_033393 [KIAA1727 protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC005839 [Follistatin-like 3 (secreted glycoprotein)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_031246 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY358486 [Plexin domain containing 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BM715650 [MRNA; cDNA DKFZp313O2015 (from clone DKFZp313O2015)], 유 전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004155 [Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 9], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC037275 [Tudor domain containing 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001848 [Collagen, type VI, alpha 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) Y18483 [Solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 8], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004120 [Guanylate binding protein 2, interferon-inducible], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BM923753 [Trefoil factor 1 (breast cancer, estrogen-inducible sequence expressed in)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK075446 [26 serine protease], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005668 [ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001031802 [Similar to hypothetical testis protein from macaque], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_016354 [Solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 4A1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC036846 [Protease, serine, 33], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) XM_371015 [Ubiquitin specific peptidase 43], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014590 [Endogenous retroviral family W, env(C7), member 1 (syncytin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK097398 [Nucleobindin 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_173675 [Hypothetical protein FLJ33708], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005975 [PTK6 protein tyrosine kinase 6], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK021606 [CDNA FLJ11544 fis, clone HEMBA1002826], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005935 [AF4/FMR2 family, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_212482 [Fibronectin 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001753 [Caveolin 1, caveolae protein, 22kDa], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX537968 [Hypothetical LOC51149], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_181659 [Nuclear receptor coactivator 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX111520 [Transcribed locus], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR749722 [RAS p21 protein activator (GTPase activating protein) 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK128870 [Synapse defective 1, Rho GTPase, homolog 1 (C. elegans)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_022153 [Chromosome 10 open reading frame 54], 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2301901 [Zinc finger CCCH-type containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_015117 [Zinc finger CCCH-type containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF343078 [ATPase family, AAA domain containing 3B], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) D89974 [Vanin 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001006946 [Syndecan 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY055760 [Decay accelerating factor for complement (CD55, Cromer blood group system)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB016901 [Chromosome 6 open reading frame 123], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK096355 [Myxovirus (influenza virus) resistance 1, interferon-inducible protein p78 (mouse)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_182898 [CAMP responsive element binding protein 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC036890 [Grainyhead-like 3 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK094505 [Cysteine conjugate-beta lyase; cytoplasmic (glutamine transaminase K, kyneurenine aminotransferase)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB007940 [RAB GTPase activating protein 1-like], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR936755 [Guanylate binding protein 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006291 [Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006778 [Tripartite motif-containing 10], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_020809 [Rho GTPase activating protein 20], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BQ186674 [Hypothetical gene supported by AF086204], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003966 [Sema domain, seven thrombospondin repeats (type 1 and type 1-like), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 5A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BM810215 [Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003167 [Sulfotransferase family, cytosolic, 2A, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-preferring, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001620 [AHNAK nucleoprotein (desmoyokin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004615 [Tetraspanin 7], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR609484 [Kynureninase (L-kynurenine hydrolase)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014400 [LY6/PLAUR domain containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB209845 [Transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase II], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK091125 [Hypothetical protein LOC162427], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX649103 [Chondroitin beta1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY217348 [Armadillo repeat containing 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK126079 [Zinc finger protein 692], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK096685 [Transforming growth factor, beta receptor associated protein 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_198479 [Tetra-peptide repeat homeobox 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK127349 [Major histocompatibility complex, class I, C], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB023177 [KIAA0960 protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK126731 [Glucocorticoid induced transcript 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014619 [Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) R31293 [suppressor of cytokine signaling 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK055190 [Chromosome X open reading frame 36], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC038504 [SNF1-like kinase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_018018 [Solute carrier family 38, member 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK123704 [Similar to pleckstrin homology domain containing, family M (with RUN domain) member 1; adapter protein 162], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BX647357 [Iduronate 2-sulfatase (Hunter syndrome)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001343 [Disabled homolog 2, mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001904 [Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR599551 [EF-hand domain family, member D1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK172837 [Organic solute transporter alpha], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC027456 [Similar to interspersed repeat antigen, putative], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001025598 [Rho GTPase activating protein 30], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001003793 [RNA binding motif, single stranded interacting protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB022718 [Chromosome 10 open reading frame 10], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_023915 [G protein-coupled receptor 87], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006200 [Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) XM_496826 [NHS-like 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK124904 [FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 6], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006317 [Brain abundant, membrane attached signal protein 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AL136861 [Cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain containing 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK222648 [Calbindin 2, 29kDa (calretinin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK023628 [Hypothetical protein LOC199725], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_006907 [Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) CR622352 [Brain specific protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC030666 [Ring finger protein 182], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC053619 [Arrestin domain containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003670 [Basic helix-loop-helix domain containing, class B, 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005576 [Lysyl oxidase-like 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF217990 [Homocysteine-inducible, endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible, ubiquitin-like domain member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_182485 [Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK125877 [Hypothetical protein MGC27016], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK001879 [Hypothetical protein FLJ11017], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BG618056 [Transcribed locus], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AI741395 [MCM5 minichromosome maintenance deficient 5, cell division cycle 46 (S. cerevisiae)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF291673 [Giant axonal neuropathy (gigaxonin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK056794 [Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF001893 [Trophoblast-derived noncoding RNA], 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2343493, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2288230, 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_32_P145515, 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_24_P921636.1) Among the marker genes, marker genes whose expression is increased by treatment of teratogenic drugs are as follows: Genebank NM_032199 [AT rich interactive domain 5B (MRF1-like)], Genebank (Genebank) BX647857 [Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing 5], Genebank AB018258 [ATPase, Class V, type 10B], Genebank NM_013314 [B-cell linker], Genebank BX111592 Transcribed locus, Genebank NM_203403, Chromosome 9 open reading frame 150, Genebank AY268104 Carboxylesterase 1 (monocyte / macrophage serine esterase 1), Genebank NM_000735 Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide], Genebank BC067746 [C-type
2) 상기 마커유전자 중에서, 최기형성 유발 약물 처리에 의하여 발현이 감소하는 마커유전자는 하기와 같다: 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005971 [FXYD domain containing ion transport regulator 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK096306 [Hypothetical protein MGC3032], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF239668 [Cholecystokinin B receptor], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK000652 [Chromosome 20 open reading frame 57], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_138703 [Melanoma antigen family E, 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AJ007798 [Stromal antigen 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_024342 [Glucocorticoid receptor DNA binding factor 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_181645 [Hypothetical protein FLJ25393], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK092368 [Empty spiracles homolog 1 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB051464 [Kelch-like 15 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_032484 [Homolog of mouse LGP1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_022371 [Torsin family 3, member A], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002033 [Fucosyltransferase 4 (alpha (1,3) fucosyltransferase, myeloid-specific)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK125154 [Plexin A2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK125559 [Zymogen granule protein 16], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_176822 [NACHT, leucine rich repeat and PYD containing 14], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001620 [AHNAK nucleoprotein (desmoyokin)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK097654 [SPT2, Suppressor of Ty, domain containing 1 (S. cerevisiae)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004821 [Heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) X89399 [RAS p21 protein activator 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK090470 [CD33 antigen (gp67)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_018013 [Hypothetical protein FLJ10159], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC038369 [Interleukin 17 receptor D], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AJ009985 [Annexin A9], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB032417 [Frizzled homolog 4 (Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003873 [Neuropilin 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_015335 [Thyroid hormone receptor associated protein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_015270 [Adenylate cyclase 6], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001995 [Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004457 [Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005933 [Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia (trithorax homolog, Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002843 [Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, J], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK023414 [Steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2-like], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) U06936 [D site of albumin promoter (albumin D-box) binding protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) DQ097177 [HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AF234887 [Cadherin, EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2 (flamingo homolog, Drosophila)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BG483345 [Secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK074614 [Insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A)], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NR_000041 [RNA, U12 small nuclear], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC009383 [Kringle containing transmembrane protein 2], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY358127 [Leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_007313 [V-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB020647 [F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 7], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_014476 [PDZ and LIM domain 3], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AK123302 [CDNA FLJ41308 fis, clone BRAMY2042612], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC063872 [Tripartite motif-containing 9], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB007944 [Family with sequence similarity 20, member B], 유전자등 록번호 (Genebank) AK027155 [CDNA: FLJ23502 fis, clone LNG02862], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_178556 [Hypothetical protein FLJ36180], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_003617 [Regulator of G-protein signalling 5], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001007271 [Dual specificity phosphatase 13], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC045642 [Metadherin], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001618 [Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AY358815 [Neural cell adhesion molecule 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_000448 [Recombination activating gene 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_178509 [Syntaxin binding protein 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) AB209376 [SATB family member 2], 유전자등록번호 (GEO) A_24_P918364, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2328806, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2272137, 유전자등록번호 (TIGR) THC2433340.2) Among the marker genes, marker genes whose expression is reduced by teratogenic drug treatment are as follows: Genebank NM_005971 [FXYD domain containing ion transport regulator 3], Genebank AK096306 [Hypothetical protein MGC3032], Genebank AF239668 [Cholecystokinin B receptor], Genebank AK000652 [
본 발명자들은 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 마커유전자를 발굴하기 위하여, 최기형성을 나타내는 항암제인 탈리도마이드를 인간 태반 융모막암 세포주 (JEG-3)에 처리하여 세포 독성을 확인하였다. 그 결과, 상기 탈리도마이드는 인간 태반 융모막암 세포주(JEG-3)에 독성을 가짐이 확인되었고(도 1 참조), 상기 실험을 바탕으로 탈리도마이드의 처리를 위한 농도를 결정하였다. 이후 상기 결정된 농도로 탈리도마이드를 인간 태반 융모막암 세포주에 처리하고, 상기 약물을 처리한 세포주에서 mRNA를 분리하여 cDNA를 합성하면서 형광물질 Cy5로 표지하였으며, 약물을 처리하지 않은 대조군의 경우 형광물질 Cy3로 표지하였다. 상기 형광 표지된 cDNA를 44 k Human whole genome 올리고마이크로어레이 칩 (Agilent, USA)과 혼성화 하였고, 형광 이미지를 스캔하여 유전자 발현 양상의 차이를 분석하였다(도 2와 도 3 참조). 분석 시 중간값 비(Cy5/Cy3 비율)가 1.5 배 이상인 경우 발현이 증가한 유전자로 분류하였고, 0.666 배 이하인 경우 발현이 감소한 유전자로 분류하였다. 분석 결과, 발현이 증가된 유전자는 0.44% (44,290개의 유전자 중 197개) 발현이 감소된 유전자는 0.16% (44,290개의 유전자 중 71개)임을 확인하였다. 이때, 최기형성에 작용하는 기능으로 판단되는 아폽토시스 (apoptosis), 임신 (pregnancy), 혈관신생 (angiogenesis), 형태형성 (morphogenesis)에 관련되는 유전자들을 선별하였다 (표 2 참조). 상기 유전자들은 본 발명에서 사용한 탈리도마이드를 처리했을 때, 인간 태반 융모막암 세포에서 독성과 관련이 있다는 보고는 없다.In order to discover marker genes for teratogenicity-induced drug search, the present inventors treated thalidomide, an anticancer agent showing teratogenicity, with human placental chorionic cancer cell line (JEG-3) to confirm cytotoxicity. As a result, the thalidomide was confirmed to be toxic to human placental chorionic cancer cell line (JEG-3) (see Fig. 1), and the concentration for the treatment of thalidomide was determined based on the experiment. Subsequently, thalidomide was treated to human placental chorionic carcinoma cell line at the determined concentration, mRNA was isolated from the drug-treated cell line, and labeled with fluorescent substance Cy5 while synthesizing cDNA. Labeled. The fluorescently labeled cDNA was hybridized with a 44 k Human whole genome oligomicroarray chip (Agilent, USA), and the fluorescence image was scanned to analyze differences in gene expression patterns (see FIGS. 2 and 3). In the analysis, when the median ratio (Cy5 / Cy3 ratio) was 1.5 times or more, it was classified as a gene with increased expression, and when it was 0.666 or less, it was classified as a gene with reduced expression. As a result, it was confirmed that the gene with increased expression was 0.44% (197 of 44,290 genes) and 0.16% (71 of 44,290 genes) with reduced expression. At this time, genes related to apoptosis, pregnancy, angiogenesis, and morphogenesis that were determined to function on teratogenicity were selected (see Table 2). The genes have not been reported to be associated with toxicity in human placental chorionic cancer cells when treated with thalidomide used in the present invention.
이후, 본 발명자들은 상기 유전자 중 아폽토시스 관련 유전자 6종, 임신 관련 유전자 2종, 및 혈관신생 관련 유전자 1종을 분리하여 실시간 RT-PCR (real-time reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction) 방법으로 발현 양상을 다시 조사해 보았다. 그 결과, 9종의 유전자의 발현 양상이 올리고마이크로어레이 칩 결과와 유사하게 나타남을 확인하였다(표 4 참조).Subsequently, the present inventors separated six apoptosis related genes, two pregnancy related genes, and one angiogenesis related gene, and re-expressed the expression pattern by real-time reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. I checked. As a result, it was confirmed that the expression patterns of the nine genes appeared similar to the oligomicroarray chip results (see Table 4).
또한, 본 발명은 상기 마커유전자 서열의 전부 또는 일부를 포함하는 올리고뉴클레오티드 또는 그의 상보가닥 분자가 집적된 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩을 제공한다. 상기 올리고 뉴클레오티드 또는 그의 상보가닥 분 자는 상기 마커유전자의 18 내지 30 개의 핵산을 포함하고, 바람직하게는 20 내지 25 개의 핵산을 포함한다.The present invention also provides a DNA microarray chip for teratogenicity-induced drug search in which an oligonucleotide or its complementary strand molecule containing all or part of the marker gene sequence is integrated. The oligonucleotide or its complementary strand molecule comprises 18 to 30 nucleic acids of the marker gene, preferably 20 to 25 nucleic acids.
본 발명의 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩은 당업자에게 알려진 방법으로 제작할 수 있다. 상기 마이크로어레이칩을 제작하는 방법은 하기와 같다. 상기 탐색된 마커유전자를 탐침 DNA 분자로 이용하여 DNA 칩의 기판 상에 고정화시키기 위해 파이조일렉트릭(piezoelectric) 방식을 이용한 마이크로피펫팅(micropipetting)법 또는 핀(pin) 형태의 스폿터(spotter)를 이용한 방법 등을 사용하는 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다. 상기 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩의 기판은 아미노-실란(amino-silane), 폴리-L-라이신(poly-L-lysine) 및 알데히드(aldehyde)로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 하나의 활성기가 코팅된 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정하는 것은 아니다. 또한, 상기 기판은 슬라이드 글래스, 플라스틱, 금속, 실리콘, 나일론 막, 및 니트로셀룰로스 막(nitrocellulose membrane)으로 이루어진 군에서 선택될 수 있으나, 이에 제한되는 것은 아니며 바람직하게는 아미노-실란이 코팅된 슬라이드 글래스를 이용하였다.DNA microarray chip for teratogenicity drug search of the present invention can be produced by methods known to those skilled in the art. The method of manufacturing the microarray chip is as follows. In order to immobilize the detected marker gene as a probe DNA molecule on a substrate of a DNA chip, a micropipetting method or a pin-shaped spotter using a piezoelectric method is used. It is preferable to use a used method and the like, but is not limited thereto. The substrate of the DNA microarray chip is preferably coated with one active group selected from the group consisting of amino-silane, poly-L-lysine, and aldehyde, It is not limited to this. In addition, the substrate may be selected from the group consisting of slide glass, plastic, metal, silicon, nylon membrane, and nitrocellulose membrane, but is not limited thereto, and preferably, amino-silane-coated slide glass. Was used.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 마커유전자를 이용한 최기형성 유발 약물 검색 방법을 제공한다.The present invention also provides a method for teratogenic drug search using the marker gene.
본 발명의 하기와 같은 과정을 포함하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색 방법을 제공한다: 1) 인간 자궁 조직 유래 세포에 피검화합물을 처리하는 단계; 2) 단계 1)의 피검 화합물을 처리한 실험군 세포와 피검화합물을 처리하지 않은 대조군 세포 에서 RNA를 분리하는 단계; 3) 단계 2)의 실험군 및 대조군의 RNA를 cDNA로 합성하면서 실험군과 대조군을 각기 다른 형광물질을 표지하는 단계; 4) 단계 3)의 각기 다른 형광물질로 표지된 cDNA를 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩과 혼성화시키는 단계; 5) 단계 4)의 반응한 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩을 분석하는 단계; 및 6) 단계 5)의 분석한 데이터에서 본 발명의 마커유전자의 발현 정도를 대조군과 비교하여 확인하는 단계.The present invention provides a method for teratogenicity-induced drug search, comprising the following steps: 1) treating a test compound with a cell of human uterine tissue; 2) separating RNA from the test cell treated with the test compound of step 1) and the control cell not treated with the test compound; 3) synthesizing RNA of the experimental group and the control group of step 2) with cDNA and labeling the fluorescent substance of the experimental group and the control group, respectively; 4) hybridizing cDNA labeled with different fluorescent materials of step 3) with DNA microarray chip; 5) analyzing the reacted DNA microarray chip of step 4); And 6) confirming the expression level of the marker gene of the present invention in the analyzed data of step 5) by comparing with the control group.
상기 검색 방법에 있어서, 단계 1)의 인간 자궁 조직 유래 세포는 인간 태반 융모막암 세포를 사용하는 것이 바람직하나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 인간의 자궁 세포 및 조직에서 유래한 세포라면 모두 사용 가능하다.In the search method, the human uterine tissue-derived cells of step 1) preferably use human placental choriocarcinoma cells, but are not limited thereto, and any cell derived from human uterine cells and tissues can be used.
상기 검색 방법에 있어서, 단계 3)의 형광물질은 Cy3, Cy5, FITC(poly L-lysine-fluorescein isothiocyanate), RITC(rhodamine-B-isothiocyanate), 로다민(rhodamine)으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것이 바람직하나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 당업자에게 알려진 형광물질은 모두 사용 가능하다.In the search method, the fluorescent material of step 3) is preferably selected from the group consisting of Cy3, Cy5, poly L-lysine-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), rhodamine-B-isothiocyanate (RITC), and rhodamine (rhodamine). One is not limited thereto, and any fluorescent material known to those skilled in the art may be used.
상기 검색 방법에 있어서, 단계 5)의 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩은 Whole Human Genome Oligo Microarray (Agilent, USA)등을 사용하는 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 인간 게놈 중 본 발명에서 과발현 또는 저발현 유전자가 탑재된 마이크로어레이 칩이라면 사용 가능하고, 상기 본 발명자가 제작한 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩을 사용하는 것이 가장 바람직하다. 또한, 단계 5)의 분석 방법은 GenePix 4.1 소프트웨어(Axon Instruments, USA)를 사용하는 것이 바람직하나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 당업자에게 알려진 분석 소프트웨어를 사용하여도 무방하 다.In the search method, the DNA microarray chip of step 5) preferably uses Whole Human Genome Oligo Microarray (Agilent, USA) and the like, but is not limited thereto. Can be used as long as the microarray chip is loaded, and it is most preferable to use the DNA microarray chip produced by the present inventor. In addition, the analysis method of step 5) preferably uses GenePix 4.1 software (Axon Instruments, USA), but is not limited thereto, and analysis software known to those skilled in the art may be used.
또한, 본 발명의 하기와 같은 과정을 포함하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색 방법을 제공한다: 1) 인간 자궁 조직 유래 세포에 피검화합물을 처리하는 단계; 2) 단계 1)의 피검화합물을 처리한 실험군 세포와 피검화합물을 처리하지 않은 대조군 세포에서 RNA를 분리하는 단계; 3) 단계 2)의 RNA를, 본 발명의 마커유전자에 상보적이고 마커유전자를 증폭할 수 있는 프라이머를 사용하여 실시간 RT-PCR (Real-time reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction)을 수행하는 단계; 및 4) 단계 3)의 증폭산물을 대조군과 비교하여 발현 정도를 확인하는 단계.In addition, the present invention provides a method for teratogenicity-induced drug search comprising the following steps: 1) treating a test compound on a cell derived from human uterine tissue; 2) separating RNA from the test cell treated with the test compound of step 1) and the control cell not treated with the test compound; 3) performing a real-time reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the RNA of step 2) using a primer complementary to the marker gene of the present invention and capable of amplifying the marker gene; And 4) confirming the expression level by comparing the amplification product of step 3) with the control.
상기 검색 방법에 있어서, 단계 1)의 인간 자궁 조직 유래 세포는 인간 태반 융모막암 세포를 사용하는 것이 바람직하나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 인간의 자궁 세포 및 조직에서 유래한 세포라면 모두 사용 가능하다.In the search method, the human uterine tissue-derived cells of step 1) preferably use human placental choriocarcinoma cells, but are not limited thereto, and any cell derived from human uterine cells and tissues can be used.
상기 검색 방법에 있어서, 프라이머는 본 발명에서 탐색된 마커유전자와 상보적이고, 상기 마커유전자를 증폭할 수 있으며 증폭 산물이 100 내지 300 bp가 되도록 설계된 프라이머라면 모두 사용 가능하고, 상기 프라이머의 길이는 15 내지 30머, 바람직하게는 18 내지 28머 이다. 본 발명에서는 서열번호 1 내지 18로 기재되는 정방향 및 역방향 프라이머 9쌍을 제시하였으나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.In the above search method, the primer is complementary to the marker gene searched in the present invention, any primer that can amplify the marker gene and designed to be 100 to 300 bp amplification products can be used, the length of the primer is 15 To 30 mer, preferably 18 to 28 mer. In the present invention, 9 pairs of forward and reverse primers set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18 are provided, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
아울러, 본 발명은 상기 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩을 포함하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 키트를 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a kit for teratogenicity-induced drug search comprising the DNA microarray chip.
본 발명은 상기 본 발명의 방법으로 제작한 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩을 포함하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 키트를 제공한다.The present invention provides a kit for teratogenicity drug search comprising a DNA microarray chip produced by the method of the present invention.
본 발명은 상기 검색 키트에 추가로 인간 자궁 조직 유래 세포를 포함하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 키트를 제공한다. 상기 인간 자궁 조직 유래 세포는 인간 태반 융모막암 세포를 사용하는 것이 바람직하나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 인간의 자궁 세포 및 조직에서 유래한 세포라면 모두 사용 가능하다.The present invention provides a kit for teratogenicity-induced drug search comprising human uterine tissue-derived cells in addition to the search kit. The human uterine tissue-derived cells are preferably human placental choriocarcinoma cells, but are not limited thereto. Any cells derived from human uterine cells and tissues may be used.
상기 검색 키트에 추가로 형광물질을 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 형광물질은 스트렙타비딘-알칼리 탈인화효소 접합물질 (streptavidin-like phosphatease conjugate), 화학형광물질 (chemifluorescence) 및 화학발광물질 (chemiluminescent)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것이 바람직하나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에서는 형광물질 Cy3와 형광물질 Cy5를 사용하였다. 아울러, 상기 검색 키트에 추가로 반응 시약을 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 반응 시약은 혼성화에 사용되는 완충용액, RNA로부터 cDNA를 합성하기 위한 역전사효소, cNTPs 및 rNTP (사전 혼합형 또는 분리 공급형), 형광 염색제의 화학적 유도제와 같은 표식시약, 세척 완충용액 등으로 구성될 수 있으나 이에 한정된 것은 아니며, 당업자에게 알려진 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩의 혼성화 반응에 필요한 반응 시약은 모두 포함할 수 있다.In addition to the search kit may include a fluorescent material, the fluorescent material is a streptavidin-like phosphatease conjugate (streptavidin-like phosphatease conjugate), chemifluorescence (chemifluorescence) and chemiluminescent (chemiluminescent) It is preferably selected from the group consisting of, but is not limited thereto. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluorescent material Cy3 and the fluorescent material Cy5 were used. In addition, the detection kit may further include a reaction reagent, the reaction reagent used for hybridization, reverse transcriptase for synthesizing cDNA from RNA, cNTPs and rNTP (premixed or separated feed), fluorescence It may include, but is not limited to, a marker reagent such as a chemical inducing agent of a dye, a washing buffer, and the like, and may include all reaction reagents required for hybridization of DNA microarray chips known to those skilled in the art.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 마커유전자에 상보적이고, 마커유전자를 증폭할 수 있는 프라이머를 포함하는 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 키트를 제공한다.In another aspect, the present invention provides a kit for teratogenic drug search comprising a primer that is complementary to the marker gene, a primer capable of amplifying the marker gene.
상기 검색 키트의 프라이머는 서열번호 1 내지 18으로 기재되는 서열로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되는 2개 이상의 정방향 및 역방향 프라이머를 사용하는 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 상기 마커유전자에 상보적이며, 마커유전자를 증폭할 수 있으며 증폭산물이 100 내지 300 bp가 되도록 설계된 정방향 및 역방향 프라이머쌍은 모두 사용 가능하다.The primer of the search kit is preferably to use two or more forward and reverse primers selected from the group consisting of the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 to 18, but is not limited thereto, complementary to the marker gene, a marker Both forward and reverse primer pairs designed to amplify genes and designed for amplification products of 100 to 300 bp are available.
본 발명의 최기형성 유발 약물 검색용 마커유전자 및 이를 이용한 최기형성 유발 약물 검색 방법은 DNA 마이크로어레이 칩을 통하여 선별된 반응 유전자들을 마커유전자로 이용하여 새로운 최기형성의 위험성을 지닌 약물 또는 화학물질의 모니터링 및 위해성을 판정하는데 유용하며, 최기형성을 일으키는 작용 기작을 규명하는 도구로 이용할 수 있다.A marker gene for teratogenic drug search and a method for screening for teratogenic drug using the same according to the present invention can be used as a marker gene using a response gene selected through a DNA microarray chip to monitor and risk a drug or chemical having a risk of new teratogenicity. It is useful for judgment and can be used as a tool to identify mechanisms of action that cause teratogenicity.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예에 의해 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
단, 하기 실시예는 본 발명을 예시하는 것일 뿐, 본 발명의 내용이 하기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.However, the following examples are merely to illustrate the invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
<< 실시예Example 1> 세포 배양 및 화학물질 처리 1> Cell Culture and Chemical Treatment
<1-1> 세포배양<1-1> Cell Culture
인간 태반 융모막암 세포주인 JEG-3 세포(HTB-36, ATCC, USA)를 10% FBS가 첨가된 DMEM 배지(Gibro-BRL, USA)를 이용하여 T75 플라스크에서 5 × 105 세포/㎖이 되도록 배양하였다. 본 발명자들은 기존의 연구와 보고를 통해 최기형성을 부작용으로 나타나는 대표적인 약물인 탈리도마이드를 선정하였으며, DMSO에 용해시켰다. 매질(vehicle) 농도는 모든 실험에서 0.1% 이하였다.JEG-3 cells (HTB-36, ATCC, USA), a human placental chorionic cancer cell line, were made to 5 × 10 5 cells / ml in a T75 flask using DMEM medium (Gibro-BRL, USA) with 10% FBS. Incubated. The present inventors have selected thalidomide, a representative drug having teratogenicity as a side effect, and dissolved it in DMSO through previous studies and reports. Vehicle concentration was less than 0.1% in all experiments.
<1-2> 세포 독성 실험 (<1-2> Cytotoxicity Test ( MTTMTT assayassay ) 및 화학 물질 처리) And chemical processing
Mossman 등 (J. Immunol . Methods, 65, 55-63, 1983)의 방법으로 JEG-3 세포주를 이용한 MTT 실험을 수행하였다. 세포는 24-웰 플레이트에 5× 104/웰 세포수로 DMEM 배지(Gibro-BRL, USA)에서 DMSO에 용해된 탈리도마이드를 처리하고 48시간 후에 MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyltetra zolium bromide) 5 ㎎/㎖을 혼합하여 튜브에 가하여 37℃에서 3 시간 동안 배양하였다. 이 후 배지를 제거하고 형성된 포르마잔 크리스탈 (formazan crystal)을 DMSO 500 ㎕에 용해하였다. 96-웰 플레이트로 옮겨 분주(aliquot)하고 흡광도 540 nm에서 O.D.값을 측정하였다.MTT experiment using JEG-3 cell line was performed by the method of Mossman et al . ( J. Immunol . Methods , 65, 55-63, 1983). Cells were treated with thalidomide dissolved in DMSO in DMEM medium (Gibro-BRL, USA) at 5 × 10 4 / well cell number in 24-well plates and after 48 hours, MTT (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2, 5 mg / ml 5-diphenyltetra zolium bromide) was added to the tube and incubated for 3 hours at 37 ° C. The medium was then removed and the formed formazan crystal was dissolved in 500 μl of DMSO. The plate was aliquoted and the OD value was measured at an absorbance of 540 nm.
JEG-3 세포주에서 탈리도마이드의 세포독성을 살펴본 결과, 70% 생존율을 보이는 농도(IC30)는 4.283 mM 이었으며(도 1), 상기 농도로 결정하여 마이크로어레이 실험을 수행하였다. As a result of examining the cytotoxicity of thalidomide in the JEG-3 cell line, the concentration showing the 70% survival rate (IC 30 ) was 4.283 mM (FIG. 1), and the microarray experiment was performed by determining the concentration.
<< 실시예Example 2> 2> 마이크로어레이Microarray 실험 Experiment
<2-1> 표적 <2-1> target RNARNA 의 분리 및 형광 물질 표지Isolation and Labeling of Fluorescent Materials
1.8 × 106 cell/㎖ 농도로 100 mm dish에 JEG-3 세포를 분주한 후, 실시예 1-2에서 결정된 탈리도마이드의 농도를 48 시간 동안 처리하였다. 이후, 상기 처리한 세포에서 트리졸(trizol) 시약(Invitrogen life technologies, USA)을 사용하여 제조사의 방법대로 전체 RNA를 분리하고, RNeasy mini kit(Qiagen, USA)를 사용하여 정제하였다. 게놈 DNA는 RNA 정제 동안 RNase-free DNase set(Qiagen, USA)를 사용하여 제거하였다. 각 전체 RNA 시료의 양은 분광광도계로 측정하였고, 순도는 Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer(Agilent Technologies, USA)으로 확인하였다. After dispensing JEG-3 cells in a 100 mm dish at a concentration of 1.8 × 10 6 cells / ml, the concentration of thalidomide determined in Example 1-2 was treated for 48 hours. Thereafter, the whole cells were separated from the treated cells using a trizol reagent (Invitrogen life technologies, USA) according to the manufacturer's method, and purified using the RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen, USA). Genomic DNA was removed using RNase-free DNase set (Qiagen, USA) during RNA purification. The amount of each total RNA sample was measured by spectrophotometer, and the purity was confirmed by Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, USA).
<2-2> <2-2> 표지된Labeled cDNAcDNA 제조 Produce
올리고 마이크로어레이 분석을 위하여 실시예 2-1에서 수득한 탈리도마이드 처리군의 전체 RNA를 사용하여 cDNA를 제조하였다. 상기 수득한 전체 RNA 30 ㎍과 올리고(dT) 프라이머 2 ㎍(1 ㎍/㎕)을 혼합하고 65℃에서 10분간 반응시킨 후 바로 얼음에 넣어 어닐링 (annealing)시켰다. 상기 어닐링된 RNA의 역전사 (Reverse Transcript) 반응을 위해 표 1과 같이 시약을 혼합하였다. CDNA was prepared using total RNA of the thalidomide treated group obtained in Example 2-1 for oligo microarray analysis. The obtained
대조군인 JEG-3 세포주에서 분리한 전체 RNA는 Cy3-dUTP (녹색)으로 표지화 하였고, 탈리도마이드를 처리한 JEG-3 세포주로부터 분리한 RNA는 Cy5-dUTP (적색)를 표지화 하였다. 이때 두 시료는 Microcon YM-30 컬럼 (Millipore, USA)을 사용하여 혼합, 정제되었다.Total RNA isolated from the control JEG-3 cell line was labeled with Cy3-dUTP (green), and RNA isolated from thalidomide treated JEG-3 cell line was labeled with Cy5-dUTP (red). At this time, the two samples were mixed and purified using a Microcon YM-30 column (Millipore, USA).
<2-3> <2-3> 혼성화Hybridization 반응 reaction
혼성화 및 세척 과정은 지노첵(주)의 지시방법에 따라 수행되었다. 혼성화는 12시간 동안 62℃ 오븐에서 수행되었다. DNA 마이크로어레이 칩으로 44 k Whole Human Genome 올리고 마이크로어레이 (Agilent, USA)를 이용하였다. 세척 (2분간 2SSC/0.1% SDS에 세척, 3분간 1SSC, 2분간 0.2SSC에 세척) 후 슬라이드는 3분간 800 rpm으로 원심분리하여 건조하였다. Hybridization and washing procedures were carried out according to the instructions of Genome Co., Ltd .. Hybridization was performed in a 62 ° C. oven for 12 hours. A 44 k Whole Human Genome oligo microarray (Agilent, USA) was used as the DNA microarray chip. After washing (washing in 2SSC / 0.1% SDS for 2 minutes, washing 1SSC for 3 minutes, 0.2SSC for 2 minutes), the slides were dried by centrifugation at 800 rpm for 3 minutes.
<2-4> 형광 이미지 획득<2-4> Fluorescence Image Acquisition
슬라이드 상의 혼성화 이미지는 Genepix 4000B (Axon Instruments, USA)로 스캔하였다. 결합되지 않은 유전자를 세척한 칩은 레이저 광 스캐너 (laser fluorescence scanner)를 사용하여 형광 이미지를 획득하였다. 이때 녹색 형광 이미지는 대조군에서, 적색 형광 이미지는 실험군에서만 특이하게 발현되는 유전자의 활성정도를 나타내게 되며, 노란색 형광 이미지는 녹색과 적색의 보색으로 두 군의 발현이 큰 차이가 없음을 의미한다. 스캔한 이미지들은 유전자 발현 비율을 얻기 위하여 GenePix 4.1 소프트웨어 (Axon Instruments, USA)로 분석하였다. 이렇게 얻어진 데이터로부터 탈리도마이드에 대한 마커 유전자를 선별하였다 (도 2 및 도 3).Hybridization images on the slides were scanned with the Genepix 4000B (Axon Instruments, USA). Chips washed with unbound genes were obtained with a fluorescence image using a laser fluorescence scanner. In this case, the green fluorescence image in the control group, the red fluorescence image represents the activity level of the gene specifically expressed only in the experimental group, and the yellow fluorescence image is the complementary color of green and red, which means that there is no significant difference between the two groups. Scanned images were analyzed with GenePix 4.1 software (Axon Instruments, USA) to obtain gene expression rates. Marker genes for thalidomide were selected from the data thus obtained (FIGS. 2 and 3).
그 결과, 올리고 칩 상에 존재하는 대략 4만 4천 개의 유전자 중에서 탈리도마이드의 처리에 의해 중간값의 비(Cy5/Cy3의 비율)가 1.5배 이상으로 유전자 발현 증가를 보이는 유전자는 0.44% (44,290개의 유전자 중 197개)이고, 0.666배 이하로 유전자 발현 감소를 보이는 유전자는 0.16% (44,290개의 유전자 중 71개)임을 확인하였다.As a result, among the approximately 44,000 genes present on the oligo chip, 0.44% (44,290) of genes showing an increase in gene expression with a median ratio (ratio of Cy5 / Cy3) more than 1.5 times by thalidomide treatment. 197 of the genes), and the gene showing a decrease in gene expression up to 0.666-fold was 0.16% (71 of 44,290 genes).
이때, 탈리도마이드에 의해 발현이 유의하게 변화된 유전자들을 기능별로 분류하였을 때, 최기형성에 작용하는 기능으로 판단되는 아폽토시스 (apoptosis), 임신 (pregnancy), 혈관신생 (angiogenesis), 형태형성 (morphogenesis) 에 관련된 유전자를 선별하였다(표 2 참조). 상기 유전자들이 본 발명에서 사용한 탈리도마이드를 처리했을 때, 인간 태반 융모막암 세포에서 독성과 관련이 있다는 보고는 없다.At this time, when genes whose expression is significantly changed by thalidomide are classified by function, genes related to apoptosis, pregnancy, angiogenesis, and morphogenesis, which are judged to function in teratogenicity Were screened (see Table 2). There is no report that these genes are associated with toxicity in human placental choriocarcinoma cells when treated with thalidomide used in the present invention.
<< 실시예Example 3> 실시간 3> Real time RTRT -- PCRPCR ( ( RealReal -- timetime reversereverse transcriptasetranscriptase polymerasepolymerase chainchain reactionreaction ) 정량Quantification
탈리도마이드에 의해 발현이 유도되어 상기 실시예 2에서 선별된 과발현 및 저발현된 유전자 중 탈리도마이드에 의해 주로 야기되는 최기형성 관련 기전으로 아폽토시스, 임신 및 혈관신생 관련 유전자 12종을 선별하였다. 이들 유전자들은 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004155 [Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 9], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) BC063127 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 4], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_005627 [Serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002182 [Interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_004570 [Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, class 2, gamma polypeptide], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001003793 [RNA binding motif, single stranded interacting protein], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_021127 [Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_001066 [Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1B], 유전자등록번호 (Genebank) NM_002632 [Placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein] 이다. Twelve genes related to apoptosis, pregnancy, and angiogenesis were selected as a mechanism for teratogenicity caused mainly by thalidomide among the overexpressed and underexpressed genes selected in Example 2 by expression induced by thalidomide. These genes are genebank NM_004155 [Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 9], genebank (Genebank) BC063127 [Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 4], genebank NM_005627 [Serum / glucocorticoid regulated kinase], Genebank NM_002182 [
상기 유전자들의 발현변화 정도를 조사 및 정량하기 위해 My IQ 실시간 PCR(My IQ Real-time PCRl; Bio-rad, USA) 기계를 이용하여 정량적인 실시간 RT-PCR을 실시하였다.In order to investigate and quantify the expression changes of the genes, quantitative real-time RT-PCR was performed using a My IQ Real-time PCR (Bio-rad, USA) machine.
구체적으로, 올리고 dT 프라이머와 Superscript kit(Omniscipt™ kit, Qiagen, Co., USA)를 이용하여 역전사반응을 수행하여 cDNA를 합성하였다. 상기 cDNA 0.2 ㎕와 물 3.8 ㎕, 센스 프라이머 0.5 ㎕, 안티센스 프라이머 0.5 ㎕, 사이버그린 I 염색 수퍼믹스 (Bio-rad, USA) 5 ㎕ 를 혼합하여, PCR 튜브에 담아 단계 1: 95℃, 3분; 단계 2(45회 반복): 단계 2-1: 95℃, 10초; 단계 2-2: 55 내지 65℃ 45초; 단계 3: 95℃, 1분; 단계 4: 55℃, 1분; 단계 5(반복 80회): 55℃, 10초로 프로그램을 설계한 My IQ 실시간 PCR 기계에서 반응을 수행하였다. 사이버그린 I 염색은 이중나선 DNA에 결합하는 염색법으로서, PCR 과정 동안 이중나선 DNA가 생성될수록 형광강도(fluroscense intensity)가 증가하게 된다. 먼저 PCR에 이용한 표적 유전자와 내재성(endogenous) 대조군(GAPDH)에 대한 프라이머 (서열번호 19 및 서열번호 20)를 사이버그린 마스터 믹스(Master mix)에 첨가하여 PCR을 실시한 후, 적절한 농도를 선택하는 프라이머 적합화(primer optimization) 과정을 수행하였다. 합성된 cDNA 시료와 각각의 프라이머 (표 3)를 혼합하고, 사이버그린 마스터 믹스를 첨가한 후 실시간 RT-PCR을 수행하였고, 정량 소프트웨어(software)를 사용하여 분석하였다(표 4).Specifically, cDNA was synthesized by performing reverse transcription using an oligo dT primer and a Superscript kit (Omniscipt ™ kit, Qiagen, Co., USA). 0.2 μl of the cDNA, 3.8 μl of water, 0.5 μl of sense primer, 0.5 μl of antisense primer, 5 μl of Cyberrin I staining supermix (Bio-rad, USA), mixed in a PCR tube, Step 1: 95 ° C., 3 minutes ; Step 2 (repeat 45): Step 2-1: 95 ° C., 10 seconds; Step 2-2: 55 to 65 ° C. 45 seconds; Step 3: 95 ° C., 1 minute; Step 4: 55 ° C., 1 minute; Step 5 (80 repetitions): The reaction was performed on a My IQ real-time PCR machine designed program at 55 ° C., 10 seconds. Cyberrin I staining is a staining method that binds to double-stranded DNA. As the double-stranded DNA is generated during PCR, the fluorescence intensity increases. First, primers (SEQ ID NO: 19 and SEQ ID NO: 20) for the target gene and endogenous control (GAPDH) used for PCR were added to the Cyberin master mix, and then PCR was selected. Primer optimization was performed. The synthesized cDNA samples and each primer (Table 3) were mixed, real-time RT-PCR was performed after the addition of the Cyberrin master mix and analyzed using quantification software (Table 4).
그 결과, 9종의 과발현 유전자들의 유전자 발현 양은 최기형성 유발 약물들에 의한 유전자 발현을 조사한 올리고 마이크로어레이 결과와 매우 유사하게 나타남을 확인하였다.As a result, it was confirmed that the gene expression amounts of the nine overexpressed genes were very similar to the oligo microarray results of gene expression by teratogenic drugs.
도 1은 탈리도마이드에 의한 인간 태반 융모막암 세포주에서의 세포 독성을 조사한 그래프이다.1 is a graph of cytotoxicity in human placental chorionic cancer cell line by thalidomide.
도 2는 각각 Cy3 및 Cy5로 표지된 탈리도마이드 처리 및 비처리군의 mRNA를 마이크로어레이 칩에서 혼성화한 후 발현정도를 볼케이노 플랏(volcano plot)으로 분석한 것이고,FIG. 2 shows the expression of the thalidomide-treated and untreated mRNAs labeled with Cy3 and Cy5, respectively, in a microarray chip, and then analyzed by a volcano plot.
도 3은 마이크로어레이 칩을 이용한 탈리도마이드를 처리한 인간 태반 융모막암 세포주의 유전자 발현 양상을 분석한 결과를 나타낸 도면이다.Figure 3 shows the results of analyzing the gene expression of human placental chorionic cancer cell line treated with thalidomide using a microarray chip.
<110> Korea Institute of Science and Technology <120> Marker genes based on Thalidomide treatment for screening of drug inducing teratogenicity and screening method using thereof <130> 7P-06-38 <160> 20 <170> KopatentIn 1.71 <210> 1 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> SERPINB9 sense primer <400> 1 tgagaaactc acagcctgga ccaa 24 <210> 2 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> SERPINB9 antisense primer <400> 2 ccaaatgccg aagcacagat tcca 24 <210> 3 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PSG4 sense primer <400> 3 tgtgagccac tcagaactca ccaa 24 <210> 4 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PSG4 antisense primer <400> 4 aggcatgagc aaggacggtt aaga 24 <210> 5 <211> 21 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> SGK sense primer <400> 5 cctgagctta tgaatgccaa c 21 <210> 6 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> SGK antisense primer <400> 6 gccaaggttg atttgctgag 20 <210> 7 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> IL1RAP sense primer <400> 7 cctctcagct tcccaagaaa 20 <210> 8 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> IL1RAP antisense primer <400> 8 gggcaagagt gaggcttcta 20 <210> 9 <211> 21 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PIK3C2G sense primer <400> 9 gcacaaccac ttaaaggcag a 21 <210> 10 <211> 21 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PIK3C2G antisense primer <400> 10 cccaggatga atgttaccac a 21 <210> 11 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> RBMS3 sense primer <400> 11 ccaccagctg ttgtgtcagt 20 <210> 12 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> RBMS3 antisense primer <400> 12 cacaggcgtg tactgaggaa 20 <210> 13 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PMAIP1 sense primer <400> 13 ttggagacaa actgaacttc cggc 24 <210> 14 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PMAIP1 antisense primer <400> 14 gcacccatga atgcaccttc acat 24 <210> 15 <211> 19 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> TNFRSF1B sense primer <400> 15 ctccttcctg ctcccaatg 19 <210> 16 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> TNFRSF1B antisense primer <400> 16 cacacccaca atcagtccaa 20 <210> 17 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PGF sense primer <400> 17 cgcacccggc tcgtgtattt atta 24 <210> 18 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PGF antisense primer <400> 18 tgtggctggc ttctctcttt ctct 24 <210> 19 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> GAPDH sense primer <400> 19 tgcaccacca actgcttagc 20 <210> 20 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> GAPDH antisense primer <400> 20 ggcatggact gtggtcatga 20 <110> Korea Institute of Science and Technology <120> Marker genes based on Thalidomide treatment for screening of drug inducing teratogenicity and screening method using marie <130> 7P-06-38 <160> 20 <170> KopatentIn 1.71 <210> 1 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> SERPINB9 sense primer <400> 1 tgagaaactc acagcctgga ccaa 24 <210> 2 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> SERPINB9 antisense primer <400> 2 ccaaatgccg aagcacagat tcca 24 <210> 3 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PSG4 sense primer <400> 3 tgtgagccac tcagaactca ccaa 24 <210> 4 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PSG4 antisense primer <400> 4 aggcatgagc aaggacggtt aaga 24 <210> 5 <211> 21 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> SGK sense primer <400> 5 cctgagctta tgaatgccaa c 21 <210> 6 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> SGK antisense primer <400> 6 gccaaggttg atttgctgag 20 <210> 7 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> IL1RAP sense primer <400> 7 cctctcagct tcccaagaaa 20 <210> 8 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> IL1RAP antisense primer <400> 8 gggcaagagt gaggcttcta 20 <210> 9 <211> 21 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PIK3C2G sense primer <400> 9 gcacaaccac ttaaaggcag a 21 <210> 10 <211> 21 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PIK3C2G antisense primer <400> 10 cccaggatga atgttaccac a 21 <210> 11 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> RBMS3 sense primer <400> 11 ccaccagctg ttgtgtcagt 20 <210> 12 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> RBMS3 antisense primer <400> 12 cacaggcgtg tactgaggaa 20 <210> 13 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PMAIP1 sense primer <400> 13 ttggagacaa actgaacttc cggc 24 <210> 14 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> PMAIP1 antisense primer <400> 14 gcacccatga atgcaccttc acat 24 <210> 15 <211> 19 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> TNFRSF1B sense primer <400> 15 ctccttcctg ctcccaatg 19 <210> 16 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> TNFRSF1B antisense primer <400> 16 cacacccaca atcagtccaa 20 <210> 17 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> P223 sense primer <400> 17 cgcacccggc tcgtgtattt atta 24 <210> 18 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> P223 antisense primer <400> 18 tgtggctggc ttctctcttt ctct 24 <210> 19 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> GAPDH sense primer <400> 19 tgcaccacca actgcttagc 20 <210> 20 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> GAPDH antisense primer <400> 20 ggcatggact gtggtcatga 20
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US8445207B2 (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2013-05-21 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Genes based on thalidomide, valproic acid and methotrexate treatment for screening of drug inducing teratogenicity and screening method using thereof |
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