KR20080111713A - Solid material for wastewater treatment and fabricating method the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A solid preparation for advanced treatment is provided to prevent environmental pollution generated when the solid preparation for advanced treatment is manufactured or used by manufacturing the solid preparation for advanced treatment using natural matters. A solid preparation for advanced treatment(10) is dipped in waste water and comprises calcium hydro-oxide(22), illite(24), oyster shell(26) and activated coal powder(28). The oyster shell is plasticized at a high temperature more than 700‹C. A mixing rate of the calcium hydro-oxide, the illite, the oyster shell and the activated coal powder is 4:3:2:1. The solid preparation is solidified to a pellet form.

Description

Solid preparation for advanced treatment and its manufacturing method {Solid material for wastewater treatment and fabricating method the same}

1 is a schematic diagram of a solid preparation according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of the manufacturing process of the solid preparation according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: solid preparation 22: slaked lime

24: illite 26: oyster shell powder

28: activated carbon powder 30: ocher

The present invention relates to a solid preparation for a high-treatment and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to remove nutrient salts such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in water by immersion in waste water. As a solid preparation for high-efficiency, it has high removal efficiency of nutrients and prevents environmental pollution that may occur during manufacturing and use, and is a high-treatment solid that can be used universally in existing wastewater treatment facilities. It relates to a formulation and a method for preparing the same.

Recently, with the rapid industrialization and specialization of society, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the massive generation of wastes has risen seriously all over the world, and in response to this, interest in the "environmental industry" is increasing.

At this time, `` environmental industry '' refers to an industry that measures, prevents, controls or corrects all kinds of environmental damage that may be caused to the ecosystem such as waste, noise, pollution of water, air, and soil. It has the characteristics of public goods for) and enables the transition to eco-friendly industrial structure through mutual growth with other industries. Therefore, it is expected to grow into a high value-added industry that can provide high job creation opportunities in the near future.

However, except for some sectors, the domestic environmental industry is very slow to develop. Especially, it is a water pollution prevention technology that can prevent lakes, rivers and marine pollution. The field is 40 ~ 60% of the developed countries (1998, Environmental Industry Subcommittee, New Industry Development Committee).

More specifically, at present, most of the 40 lakes consisting of power generation, living and industrial water use, agricultural water use, multi-purpose dams, and natural lakes are used as wide-area water supplies. However, due to the explosive growth of livestock farms, restaurants, cage farms, and amusement facilities around the water supply, it shows the status of neutralization and eutrophication, and the inflow of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which are the limiting nutrients of eutrophication, increases significantly every year. Therefore, we are concerned about serious eutrophication in the not too distant future. In addition, eutrophication of the lakes is accompanied by an increase in plankton, causing red tides on the coast, and has already recorded nitrogen concentration (TN) of 0.193 and phosphorus concentration (TP) of 0.005 or higher on all coasts except Jeju and other parts of the country. (1993, Ministry of Environment)

At this time, `` auxotrophication of lakes '' is a phenomenon in which nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in lakes or river waters are increased, changing from poor nutrition to eutrophic, dissolved oxygen, pH, total carbonic acid in water. Vertical movement of water, underwater light, etc., causes the water quality to drop sharply, and the water level is greatly reduced. Accordingly, the conventional wastewater treatment technology mainly focused on the prevention of dissolved oxygen depletion of the discharged water due to the removal of biochemical [biological] oxygen demand (BOD), but recently, the nitrogen in the wastewater to prevent water pollution due to eutrophication of the lake N) and phosphorus (P) compounds are being converted to advanced treatment.

In line with this, in Korea, the water quality preservation law and the sewerage law are required to introduce advanced treatment facilities in stages until 2008. The nutrient removal methods such as nitrogen and phosphorus are largely physicochemical and biological. It can be divided into.

Among them, physicochemical removal methods use physicochemical reactions such as oxidation, reduction, and condensation, and include filtration, adsorption, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, and ammonium selective ion exchange. In addition to selective ion exchange for ammonium, complex treatment methods such as breakpoint chlorination, ammonia stripping, coagulation and precipitation, and flotation are used. Table 1 below summarizes the nitrogen removal rates for some physicochemical methods.

TABLE 1

Process division  Overall removal rate Organic nitrogen NH ₃ / NH ₄ + NO ₃ ^- percolation 30-50% nil nil 20-40% Carbon adsorption 30-50% nil nil 10-20% Electrodialysis 100% (float) 40% 40% 35-45% Reverse osmosis 100% (float) 85% 85% 80-95% Selective ion exchange slightly 90-97% No influence 80-95%

However, the general physicochemical removal method requires a large sized device, excessive chemical cost and / or installation cost, and exhibits limitations in treating high concentration organic wastewater or sedimentation wastewater.

On the other hand, biological removal technology is a method of removing organic substances in water through aerobic and anaerobic action of bacteria, which can be divided into aerobic wastewater treatment requiring oxygen supply and anaerobic wastewater treatment that blocks oxygen contact. have. Recently, however, the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus is the trend, which induces nitrification and denitrification and excessive absorption of phosphorus through anaerobic and aerobic circulation. For this purpose, anaerobic, anaerobic, and aerobic reactors are required, and they are variously classified based on their placement method, size, and installation of auxiliary facilities. Table 2 below compares the advantages and disadvantages of some examples of common nitrogen and phosphorus removal techniques.

TABLE 2

fair Advantages Disadvantages A ₂ / O High phosphorus content in waste sludge can be used as fertilizer Bardenpho Waste sludge can be used as fertilizer Low sludge production High pump maintenance fee. Reactor volume is larger than A ₂ / O. High BOD / P Rain Needed UCT Return to anoxic bath eliminates the need for nitrate return and creates a better phosphorus removal environment in anaerobic baths. Less reactor volume compared to Bardenpho process. High pump maintenance costs High BOD / P ratio required VIP Nitrate return to anoxic tank reduces oxygen demand and alkalinity consumption Reduced nitrate load in aerobic tank by returning effluent to anaerobic tank Nitrogen removal ability at low temperature SBR Possible to handle under various conditions for simultaneous removal of nitrogen phosphorus Treatment can be performed in a single reactor Easy to operate automatically as a whole Strong against impact loads Applied to low flow rate The required effluent water quality of the preliminary device is highly influenced by sedimentation efficiency

However, the general nitrogen and phosphorus removal technique presents another problem in addition to the individual disadvantages listed in Table 2. Although nitrification is relatively important in biological treatment methods, the growth rate of nitrifying bacteria is relatively higher than other heterotrophs. As a result, much time is required to stabilize the nitrification reaction, and when the hydraulic retention time is small, it is difficult to maintain a sufficient concentration of nitrification bacteria.

In addition, according to the contents introduced in Korean Patent Publication Nos. 1997-015490, 1998-0022516, 1999-0084124, etc., Bacillus bacteria were selected and cultured to induce a first aerobic digestion reaction and then activated. Techniques for dealing with the law are shown. However, in the case of the same technology, it is impossible to completely deal with odor generation.

In addition, as the wastewater treatment method by the liquid corrosion method, in the case of the Republic of Korea Patent Publication Nos. 199-002175, 1998-0019536, 2001-0102868, etc., the generation of odor may be somewhat reduced, but the quality of treated water It is difficult to drop below the discharge threshold, which requires a separate merging process.

In addition, in the general treatment of wastewater, the adsorbent is used in addition to the above methods in consideration of economical and efficient aspects. Currently, porous zeolite or bentonite powder is mainly used. do.

However, due to the nature of the material itself, they have a slow adsorption rate and a low adsorption rate per unit volume, which requires an excessive amount, and when the excess particles are used, the turbidity is increased as the particles float in the colloidal form, and the light transmittance and dissolved oxygen amount are increased. It is very likely to degrade and cause secondary pollution.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solid preparation for high-treatment that can be removed in organic waste salts such as nitrogen, phosphorous and soaked in the waste water. At this time, the present invention is made of a high removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, as well as natural materials to prevent environmental pollution that may appear during the manufacturing and use (time), in particular solid formulations that can be universally applied to existing wastewater treatment facilities And to provide a method for producing the bar, through which to achieve a more efficient treatment of waste water.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solid preparation for advanced processing, comprising a slaked lime, an illite, an oyster shell, and activated carbon powder as a solid preparation for high treatment immersed in waste water. do.

At this time, the oyster shell is characterized in that it is calcined at a high temperature of 700 ℃ or more, the slaked lime, illite, oyster shell, and activated carbon powder is characterized in that 4: 3: 2: 1 ratio. It characterized in that it further comprises 20% by weight of ocher.

In addition, the solid preparation is characterized in that the solidified in the form of pellets.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a high-treatment solid preparation immersed in waste water, comprising the steps of: (a) preparing slaked lime, illite, oyster shell, and activated carbon powder; (b) mixing water with the slaked lime, the illite, the oyster shell, and the activated carbon powder; (c) processing the mixed powder in the form of pellets; (d) drying the pellets to provide a method for producing a solid preparation for a highly processing comprising the step of solidifying.

At this time, in the step (b), the slaked lime, illite, oyster shell, and activated carbon powder is characterized in that the mixture of 4: 3: 2: 1, the oyster shell of the step (a) The powder, (a1) collecting the oyster shell; (a2) aging the oyster shell for a period of 6 months to 1 year 6 months or less; (a3) washing the oyster shell; (a4) baking the oyster shell at a high temperature of 700 ° C. or higher; (a5) characterized in that the oyster shell is obtained by pulverizing so that the diameter of the particles to 0.15mm or less, the activated carbon powder is characterized in that the particle diameter is 325 mesh or less.

In addition, the step (b) characterized in that the slaked lime, illite, oyster shell, and activated carbon powder is further mixed with 10 to 20% by weight of ocher, the ocher is filtered through a sieve to remove the sand component in the water Characterized by sinking.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of the solid preparation 10 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a solid preparation 10) for advanced treatment of wastewater according to the present invention.

As can be seen, the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention may exhibit a pellet shape of a predetermined size, and is immersed in waste water in the advanced treatment step to remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water. In this case, the term `` advanced treatment '' refers to the final tertiary treatment in the three stages of general wastewater treatment, and the general wastewater treatment stage separates solids, fine suspended solids, oils and fats, and is 25% to 35% BOD. BOD 75-95% and suspended solids 70-90% by primary treatment (simple treatment) to remove 30 to 40% of the substance, activated sludge method, water spraying method, etc. It is divided into secondary treatment (advanced treatment) to remove and tertiary treatment to obtain high water quality by removing nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in water, that is, advanced treatment.

Therefore, the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention is immersed in the wastewater of the advanced treatment step and serves to remove nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) in the water, the mesh free contact with the wastewater (mesh) can be placed in an aeration tank and placed in a case, and the hydrated lime 22, the illite 24, the oyster shell 26 and the activated carbon 28 powder to remove nutrients It has as a main component. At this time, if necessary, an aeration pipe may be provided in the aeration tank to induce contact between the wastewater and the solid preparation 10, and an airlift device may be provided to separate solid matter deposited in the aeration tank. The aeration tank including the lift is easily understood by those skilled in the art, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Hereinafter, each component of the solid preparation according to the present invention will be described in detail.

)란 수산화칼슘이라 불리는 칼슘(Ca)의 수산화물로, 산화칼슘(CaO,생석회)에 물 또는 수증기를 작용(생석회의 소화)시켜 얻어진다. 이때, 생석회의 소화를 빠르게 진행하면 흰색 분말이 얻어지는 반면, 물속에 방치하면 육방정계의 판상결정이 얻어진다. 따라서 후자의 경우에는 별도의 분쇄작업을 통해 분말을 사용한다.First, calcined lime 22 (Ca (OH))

) Is a hydroxide of calcium (Ca) called calcium hydroxide, which is obtained by acting on water or steam (calcination of quicklime) on calcium oxide (CaO, quicklime). At this time, white powder is obtained by rapidly extinguishing quicklime, while hexagonal plate crystals are obtained when left in water. Therefore, in the latter case, the powder is used through a separate grinding operation.

The slaked lime 22 acts as an alkali supplement to remove phosphorus and to raise the pH of waste water, together with the role of an adjuvant to enhance the flocculant coagulation component (flocculant) to be described later.

O)Al

(Si, Al)

O

(H

O, OH)

)는 단사 정계에 속하는 점토광물의 일종으로 미세한 백색운모를 총칭한다.Next, illite (K, H

O) Al

(Si, Al)

O

(H

O, OH)

) Is a kind of clay mineral belonging to monoclinic system and generically refers to fine white mica.

The illite 24 is negatively charged in water (-2) and absorbs and decomposes organic substances such as heavy metals and algae through ion exchange, adsorption, and coprecipitation reaction, and is activated by radicals such as active oxygen and OH-. It causes oxidation and decomposition of organic materials and removes impurities from water through aggregation and precipitation of SiO ₂ and Ai ₂ O ₃ . In addition, the light 24 prevents regeneration by destroying the cell walls of algae, removes nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and harmful heavy metals, and reduces the smell of treated water and sludge through deodorizing characteristics. When used together with the slaked lime 22, it acts as a flocculant with better sedimentation force and dehydration.

Next, the oyster shell 26 is called so-called shell, and is composed of 94% of calcium carbonate and 6% of other components such as gypsum.

The oyster shell 26 is to act as a natural coagulant to purify the pH in the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention, and to replace the aluminum flocculant. At this time, the oyster shell 26 for the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention is characterized in that the high-temperature calcined through a special treatment process, specifically, aged oyster shell 26 taken from the beach, etc. for about a year After washing to remove impurities, it is sufficiently calcined at a high temperature of 700 ° C. or more, and finely pulverized to have a diameter of 0.15 mm or less.

Next, the activated carbon 28 may be obtained by carbonizing coconut shell, coal, wood, etc. at high temperature, and finely pulverized to 325 mesh or less. In this case, the mesh column represents a title for grading the size of the particles.

The activated carbon 28 serves to adsorb and remove various soluble organic substances, odorous substances, harmful substances, and heavy metals through countless pores therein.

In addition, a certain amount of loess 30 may be added to the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention. In addition to the role of adsorbing phosphorus (P) and purifying water, slaked lime 22, The illite 24, oyster shell 26, and activated carbon 28 powder serves as a binder to maintain the shape of the pellets. The ocher 30 for this purpose is used to filter out fine particles submerged in water and then fine particles submerged in water.

On the other hand, the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention can obtain the highest nutrient removal efficiency by adjusting the mixing ratio between the constituent materials, the results of the applicant's experiments, slaked lime 22 and illite 24 It is found that it is most appropriate to mix the hot calcined oyster shell 26 and the activated carbon 28 powder in a ratio of 4: 3: 2: 1, and contain 20 wt% of ocher 30 therein. Could.

2 is a process schematic diagram showing the manufacturing method of the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention in order, and looks at in detail the manufacturing method of the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention.

First, the slaked lime 22, the illite 24, the oyster shell 26, and the activated carbon 28 powder are prepared.

At this time, since the slaked lime 22 and the illite 24 can easily obtain the powder through a predetermined grinding process, a separate omission is omitted. In order to obtain the oyster shell 26 powder, the oyster shell 26, which is scattered along the coast, is collected and aged for at least six months and one year and six months or less, preferably for about one year, and the matured oyster shell 26 After washing thoroughly to remove salts and impurities, the oyster shell 26 is sufficiently calcined at a high temperature of 700 ℃ or more and finally pulverized to exhibit particles of 0.15 mm or less. In addition, the activated carbon 28 is finely pulverized to about 325 mesh, the ocher 30 is filtered through a fine sieve in the water to remove the sand components and then submerged in the water to sort the fine particles as possible.

Subsequently, the slaked lime 22, the illite 24, the oyster shell 26 powder, and the activated carbon 28 were mixed in a ratio of 4: 3: 2: 1, and 20 wt% of loess (30) was added thereto. ) And a small amount of water is added to obtain a dough (S1, S2).

Subsequently, the dough is processed in the form of pellets, and then solidified by solidifying in a drying furnace or at room temperature to complete the solid preparation 10 according to the present invention. (S3, S4)

As described above, the solid preparation according to the present invention is made of a material having high removal efficiency of nutrients, and is excellent in nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, and made of natural materials to prevent environmental pollution that may appear during manufacture and use. There is an advantage to this.

That is, the solid preparation according to the present invention uses the minerals and oyster shells that are commonly available in the surroundings, and there is no fear of causing environmental pollution during manufacture and use, and is made of a material that can be easily obtained in the vicinity and thus low cost. It is characterized in that the manufacturing possible.

In addition, the solid preparation according to the present invention shows an advantage that it can be used universally in existing wastewater facilities, there is an advantage that can be used by immersing in a conventional aeration tank in a mesh case or the like.

Claims (11)

As a solid preparation for advanced treatment immersed in wastewater, A high-throughput solid preparation comprising slaked lime, illite, oyster shell, and activated carbon powder. The method of claim 1, The oyster shell is a solid preparation for high processing, characterized in that calcined at a high temperature of 700 ℃ or more. The method of claim 1, The slaked lime, illite, oyster shell, and activated carbon powder is a 4: 3: 2: 1 ratio of the solid preparation for high treatment. The method of claim 1, High-treatment solid preparation, characterized in that it further comprises 10 to 20% by weight of ocher. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The solid preparation is a solid preparation for high processing, characterized in that solidified in the form of pellets. As a method of producing a solid preparation for advanced treatment immersed in wastewater, (a) preparing hydrated lime, illite, oyster shell, and activated carbon powder; (b) mixing water with the slaked lime, the illite, the oyster shell, and the activated carbon powder; (c) processing the mixed powder in the form of pellets; (d) drying the pellets to solidify Method for producing a high-treatment solid preparation comprising a. The method of claim 6, In the step (b), the slaked lime, illite, oyster shell, and activated carbon powder is a method of producing a solid preparation for a high-treatment, characterized in that the mixing ratio of 4: 3: 2: 1. The method of claim 6, The oyster shell powder of step (a), (a1) collecting oyster shells; (a2) aging the oyster shell for a period of 6 months to 1 year 6 months or less; (a3) washing the oyster shell; (a4) baking the oyster shell at a high temperature of 700 ° C. or higher; (a5) pulverizing the oyster shell so that the diameter of the particles to 0.15mm or less Method for producing a solid preparation for high processing, characterized in that obtained through. The method of claim 6, The activated carbon powder has a particle size of 325 mesh or less, characterized in that the manufacturing method of the solid preparation for high processing. The method of any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein In the step (b), the slaked lime, illite, oyster shell, activated carbon powder 10 to 20% by weight of the ocher manufacturing method for producing a solid preparation, characterized in that the mixture further. The method of claim 10, The ocher is filtered through a sieve to remove the sand component and then submerged in water.

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