KR20080026577A - The system of middle & low level radioactive waste disposal - Google Patents
The system of middle & low level radioactive waste disposal Download PDFInfo
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- KR20080026577A KR20080026577A KR1020080018964A KR20080018964A KR20080026577A KR 20080026577 A KR20080026577 A KR 20080026577A KR 1020080018964 A KR1020080018964 A KR 1020080018964A KR 20080018964 A KR20080018964 A KR 20080018964A KR 20080026577 A KR20080026577 A KR 20080026577A
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- radioactive waste
- electric resistance
- melting furnace
- resistance melting
- low level
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/32—Processing by incineration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명의 기술 분야는 방사성 폐기물 처리기술 분야이다.The technical field of the present invention is in the field of radioactive waste treatment technology.
본 발명이 속하는 종래기술은 통상적으로 중, 저준위 방사성 폐기물을 스테인리스 드럼통 안에 집어넣고 보관하는 방법과, 개선된 기술로는 이 드럼통을 압착하여 부피를 줄이는 방법이 있고, 더 진보된 기술로는 방사성 폐기물을 시멘트와 혼합하여 스테인리스 재질의 드럼통에 고화처리 후 보관하는 방식이 있었다.The prior art to which the present invention belongs generally includes a method of storing and storing medium and low level radioactive waste in a stainless steel drum, and an improved technique of compressing the drum to reduce its volume, and more advanced radioactive waste. Was mixed with cement and stored in a stainless steel drum after solidification.
이러한 종전의 처리방식은 부피감소도 최대 5분의 1로 미미하여 방대한 시설면적이 요구되었고, 이로 인한 부지난이 가중되는 단점이 있었다. 또한 시멘트 고화처리 방식도 산 또는 알칼리 성분이 부식을 촉진하는 문제가 있어 그 수명이 최대 50년이 경과할 경우 방사성 물질의 노출을 초래하게 되어 근원적인 처리 및 해결 방식이 될 수 없었다.This conventional treatment method requires a large amount of facility area due to the smallest volume reduction of up to one fifth, which has the disadvantage of increasing the amount of land shortage. In addition, the cement solidification method has a problem of promoting the corrosion of the acid or alkali components, the life of the radioactive material will be exposed when the life is up to 50 years, it could not be a fundamental treatment and solution.
중, 저준위 방사성 페기물의 종래기술에서 발생하는 방사성 폐기물의 저장시 설 부지난과 함께 안정적 안전처리의 문제점을 개선하여 본 발명에서 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는 방사성 폐기물의 저장용량을 최대 30분의 1로 감량 처리함으로써 저장시설을 증대하여 부지난을 해결할 수 있도록 하고, 중, 저준위 방사성 폐기물의 안정적 안전처리를 도모할 수 있도록 전기저항식 용융로를 이용한 중, 저준위 방사성 폐기물을 유리 고화하여 근원적으로 해결하는 처리시스템을 제공 하는 것이 본 발명이 이루고자하는 기술적 과제이다.The technical problem to be achieved in the present invention by improving the problems of stable safety treatment with the storage facility of the radioactive waste generated in the prior art of the middle and low-level radioactive waste is to reduce the storage capacity of the radioactive waste by a maximum of one third Treatment system to solve storage problems by increasing storage facilities and to fundamentally solve the low-level radioactive waste by solidifying glass by using electric resistance melting furnace to promote stable and safe treatment of low- and medium-level radioactive waste. Providing is a technical problem to be achieved by the present invention.
본 발명은 원자력 발전소에서 발생하는 중, 저준위 방사성폐기물 중 가연성의 것은 일차 소각 처리하여 타고 남은 재를 전기 저항식 용융시스템으로 유입시켜 고온상태(1,300℃ 이상)에서 유리화하고, 서서히 냉각한 다음 기존의 드럼통에 최초 발생량의 30분의 1로 축소하여 보관한다.In the present invention, the low-level radioactive waste generated in a nuclear power plant is combustible in primary incineration, and the remaining ash is introduced into an electric resistance melting system, vitrified at a high temperature (1,300 ° C. or higher), gradually cooled, and then Store in drums to one-third of the original volume.
본 발명에서 얻을 수 있는 효과로는 크게 환경적 효과와 사회적 효과 및 경제적 효과와 기술적 효과로 나눌 수 있다.Effects obtained in the present invention can be classified into environmental effects, social effects, economic effects, and technical effects.
먼저 환경적 효과로는 방사성 폐기물의 안정적 안전처리의 근원적 해결을 위한 기술개발에 있고, 저장용량을 종래 기술의 30분의 1로 감량하여 이에 따른 방사성 폐기물 저장시설의 극대화를 통한 부지난의 해결문제와 자원의 절약과 발생 에너지의 유효이용 기술개발과 환경 2차 오염을 근원적으로 방지할 수 있으며,First of all, the environmental effect is the development of technology for the fundamental solution of the stable safety treatment of radioactive waste, and the storage capacity is reduced to one-third of that of the prior art, thereby solving the problem of land shortage by maximizing the radioactive waste storage facility. Save resources and resources, make effective use of generated energy and prevent secondary pollution of the environment.
사회적 효과로는 한 때의 인기나 유행을 위한 기술이 아니며, 외국의 개발기술을 모방한 카피기술이 아닌 독보적인 고유 실용 환경기술로 경쟁력향상에 크게 기여 할 수 있는 경제적 효과가 있다.As a social effect, it is not a technology for one time popularity or fashion, and there is an economic effect that can contribute to the improvement of competitiveness with a unique intrinsic practical environmental technology rather than a copy technology imitating foreign development technology.
기술적 효과로는 환경산업의 대부분이 모방 기술이거나 수입기술에 의존하고 있는 현실에서 특히, 신재생에너지 개발기술이 초보단계인 자원화 공정기술의 개발과 환경기술 산업 등의 연관 산업의 동반성장을 기대할 수 있는 기술적 효과가 있다.In terms of technological effects, most of the environmental industry is imitating or relying on imported technology. In particular, we can expect the development of resource-processing process technology where new and renewable energy development technology is a new stage and the mutual growth of related industries such as environmental technology industry. There is a technical effect.
본 발명의 구성은 방사성 폐기물을 고온에서 소각하는 열분해 소각로와 발생소각재를 이송하여 일시 저장하는 애쉬호퍼(Ash Hopper)와 저전압 전류에 의한 전기저항 열을 이용한 전기저항식 소각재 용융로와, 용융과정에서 발생하는 슬래그를 이송하고 파쇄하는 파쇄호퍼 및 파쇄 슬래그를 냉각하는 냉각호퍼로 구성되었다.The composition of the present invention is a pyrolysis incinerator for incineration of radioactive waste at high temperature, an ash hopper for transporting and temporarily storing the generated incinerator and an electric resistance incinerator melting furnace using electric resistance heat by low voltage current, and in the melting process. It consists of a crushing hopper for conveying and crushing the slag and a cooling hopper for cooling the crushed slag.
전기 저항식 용융로는 수용공간을 구비한 본체와 상부의 주 전극 및 하부배치의 전극으로 구성되며 주 전극은 탄소재질로 이루어지며, 측벽에는 가열로가 연통되어 직렬설치 되었다.The electric resistance melting furnace is composed of a main body having an accommodating space, an upper main electrode, and an electrode of a lower arrangement. The main electrode is made of carbon material, and side walls are installed in series with a heating furnace.
전기저항식 용융로 및 가열로의 주 전극에는 사용경과에 따라 교환하는 교환기구가 구비되고, 주 전류 측으로 전류를 공급하는 배전반 전류량 측정기를 설치하고, 이 전류량 측정기에 의해 각 주 전극으로 공급되는 전류의 값이 설정된 전류치 이하로 감지되면 주 전극을 교환하도록 구성되었다.The main electrode of the electric resistance melting furnace and the heating furnace is provided with an exchange mechanism for exchanging according to the use time, and is provided with a switchgear current measuring device for supplying current to the main current side, and the electric current supplied to each main electrode by the current measuring device. It is configured to replace the main electrode when the value is detected below the set current value.
전기 저항식 용융로 및 가열로의 주 전극은 전극 소모량에 따른 교환을 용이하게 하도록 각각의 상단부에 나선형의 탭을 형성하였으며, 전기 저항식 용융로 및 파쇄호퍼 사이의 이송장치에는 냉각 송풍기를 설치하여 냉각효율을 높이도록 했다.The main electrodes of the electric resistance melting furnace and the heating furnace have spiral tabs formed at the top of each one to facilitate the exchange according to the electrode consumption. The cooling device is installed in the transfer device between the electric resistance melting furnace and the crushing hopper. Had to raise.
본 발명의 구성에 대한 상세한 내용을 설명하기 위하여 다음과 같이 실시 예를 첨부하였다.In order to explain the details of the configuration of the present invention, the following examples are attached.
[실시예 1]Example 1
중, 준위 방사성 폐기물을 고온에서 소각하는 열분해 소각로와 소각에서 남는 소각재를 일시 저장하는 애쉬호퍼와 저전압의 전기저항 열을 이용하여 애쉬 호퍼로부터 이송된 소각재를 용융시키는 전기저항 용융로와 용융로에서 발생하는 슬래그를 이송기구를 통해 이송하고 입자형태를 파쇄하는 파쇄호퍼와 파쇄된 슬래그를 냉각시키는 냉각호퍼를 준비하였다.Slag generated from the electric resistance melting furnace and melting furnace which melts the ash transported from the ash hopper using the ash hopper which temporarily stores the pyrolysis incinerator which incinerates medium and level radioactive waste at high temperature, the ash hopper remaining in the incineration, and the low-voltage electric resistance heat. Was transferred through a transfer mechanism to prepare a crushing hopper for crushing the particle form and a cooling hopper for cooling the crushed slag.
[실시예 2]Example 2
투입된 중, 저준위 방사성 폐기물을 크래브 크레인을 통해 열분해 소각로로 이송하고 상부 슬라이딩 도어는 원격 제어방식으로 개폐되도록 하고, 1,200℃ 이상에서 소각하였다. 이때 방사성 폐기물은 대부분 소각되었고, 투입용량의 10％ 정도의 소각재가 발생되었다.Injected low-level radioactive waste was transferred to the pyrolysis incinerator through a crab crane, and the upper sliding door was opened and closed by a remote control method, and incinerated at 1,200 ° C. or more. At this time, most of the radioactive waste was incinerated, and about 10% of the input capacity was incinerated.
[실시예 3]Example 3
소각 과정에서 발생하는 배기가스는 집진시설로 유입되어 정화 처리되도록 하고, 소각 과정에서 발생하는 소각재의 성분을 분석, 검토한 결과 SiO2(70％), Ca, Fe, P 기타 방사성 함유물질로 이루어져 있었다.Exhaust gas generated during incineration is purged by inflow to the dust collection facility, and the composition of incineration ash generated during incineration is analyzed and reviewed. It consists of SiO 2 (70%), Ca, Fe, P and other radioactive substances there was.
[실시예 4]Example 4
애쉬호퍼는 열분해 소각로로부터 로터리 밸브 및 스크류 컨베이어로 이송되 어 소각재를 수용하도록 했고, 전기저항 용융로에서 소각재를 일차 1,400℃ 이상의 고온에서 용융한 결과 액상 형태의 슬래그가 발생하였다.The ash hopper was transferred from the pyrolysis incinerator to the rotary valve and screw conveyor to accommodate the incinerator. The molten ash was melted at a high temperature of 1,400 ° C. or higher in an electric resistance furnace, resulting in liquid slag.
[실시예 5]Example 5
전기저항 용융로의 효율을 극대화하기 위하여 주 전극 및 하부전극에 직류24V(볼트) 및 10,0000 - 15,000A(암페어)의 저전압 고 전류가 통전한 결과, 주 전극 및 하부전극 사이에 약 2,200℃의 고온이 발생하게 되어 소각재를 용융시켜 최대 50％가 감량된 슬래그가 발생하였다,In order to maximize the efficiency of the electric resistance melting furnace, as a result of the supply of DC 24V (volts) and a low voltage high current of 10,0000-15,000A (amps) to the main electrode and the lower electrode, approximately 2,200 ° C between the main electrode and the lower electrode The high temperature was generated to melt the incineration ash, resulting in slag reduction of up to 50%.
[실시예 6]Example 6
용융로에서 발생한 슬래그는 출탕구를 통해 출탕 시켰으며, 출탕량의 조절 방식은 투입되는 슬래그의 중량을 연속 측정하고, 측정된 슬래그 중량에 따른 전력소모량을 연산함으로써 슬래그 출탕량을 조절하도록 했다.The slag generated in the smelter was tapped through the tapping hole, and the tapping method was used to adjust the slag tapping amount by continuously measuring the weight of slag input and calculating the power consumption according to the measured slag weight.
[실시예 7]Example 7
파쇄호퍼는 가열로로부터 버켓 콘베어(Bucket Conveyor)로 이송된 슬래그를 5Cm 크기 이하의 입자로 파쇄하도록 했다. 이송과정에 냉각 송풍기를 설치하여 300℃ 이하의 온도로 냉각하는데 효율을 극대화 하도록 했다.The crushing hopper allowed the slag transferred from the furnace to the bucket conveyor to be broken into particles of 5 cm or less in size. A cooling blower was installed during the transfer process to maximize the efficiency of cooling below 300 ℃.
병원에서 발생하는 방사성 폐기물의 처리(엑스레이 필름 세척 폐수)에 활용 연구소에서 시험용으로 사용된 중, 저준위 방사성 폐기물의 처리Used for the treatment of radioactive wastes generated in hospitals (X-ray film cleaning wastewater) Treatment of low and medium level radioactive wastes used for testing in laboratories
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| KR101016223B1 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2011-02-25 | (주) 액트 | System of melting decontamination of radioactive scrap metals |
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