KR20070020249A - Arrangement consisting of a breech-block and of a projectile surrounding the propellant charge and the priming charge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement consisting of a breech-block (1, 45) and of a projectile (13), which surrounds the propellant charge and priming charge (19, 21) and which is lengthened at the rear by a powder holding space having an essentially circular cylindrical wall (17), which is made of projectile material or of projectile casing material, projects to the back (drawn-in edge (29)), is slightly drawn inward toward the central axis of the projectile, and when fired, is in close contact with the breech face (3) of the breech- block (1, 45). The invention is characterized in that the breech-block (1, 45) has an annular groove (5), which is relief cut with regard to the direction of fire and which is centered with regard to the axis of the bore. The rear drawn-in edge (29) of the projectile (13), during reloading, rests against the edge of said annular groove, and when the breech-block (1, 45) is completely closed, the edge (29), while deforming, is pressed into the annular groove in such a manner that when the breech- block (1, 45) is pulled back, the projectile (13), as long as it is has not been fired beforehand, is extracted together therewith. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007

Description

ARRANGEMENT CONSISTING OF A BREECH-BLOCK AND OF A PROJECTILE SURROUNDING THE PROPELLANT CHARGE AND THE PRIMING CHARGE}

The invention provides a powder admission chamber, which projects backward and exhibits a cylindrical wall of bullet material or bullet jacket material that is slightly pulled inwards towards the bullet center axis and in close contact with the bolts of the breath mechanism upon release. It relates to a device consisting of a projectile and a breech surrounding a propellant and primer charge, which is extended rearwardly by means of (a preamble of claim 1). The invention furthermore relates to the weapon to which this apparatus belongs (claim 4).

Such devices are well known from US 4 356 769.

In these documents, in the case of positional descriptions of bullets and weapons processing from the weapon, the "front" is kept horizontal in the conventional triggering position moving in the triggering direction.

Since the mid-19th century, cartridges consisting essentially of only one bullet are well known (volcanic pistol). In the process, the bullet shows a hollow back space filled with powder and primer capsules and covered with brass foil. Ammunition explodes when triggered and drives ammunition in this process. There is no cartridge case or the like. However, there remains a brass foil which must be released.

Due to the fairly bulky black powder ammunition at that time, this concept was not accepted, but since the mid-1880s lead-free powder was available that took up significantly less space than black powder. Thus, the idea of this concept of a caseless cartridge has not completely disappeared.

Thus, in US 4 356 769 a self-propelled bullet is proposed, in which case the bullet presented is extended rearward (with respect to the triggering direction) by a sheet metal case surrounding the chamber in which the powder ammunition and the primer are placed. This sheet-metal case is crimped on the rear end to hold a paper disc to prevent powder ammunition from being damaged. The explosion takes place in a path from the side from which powder ammunition can be burned from the front to the rear (in relation to the triggering direction). However, in the case of modern propulsion ammunition, since the fast burning powder can be inserted into the propulsion ammunition made of relatively slow combustion powder, practically any combustion can be carried out from any explosion location. It does not require combustion. By using fixed non-flowing ammunition, the location and configuration of these inserts remains stable.

However, there is a problem that bullets with caseless cartridges or ammunition are very difficult to remove from the cartridge chamber of the weapon unless it is assumed to be triggered. If one of the advantages of such a caseless ammunition lies in the fact that there is no empty cartridge case that must be released with each trigger, this advantage is offset by the need to provide the possibility to remove the cartridge from the weapon without triggering.

Several years ago Applicant himself constructed a cartridge chamber for a case-less cartridge radially in a rotating circular block in which the cartridge chamber could be turned into an ejection position disposed perpendicular to the barrel.

In this position, the cartridges can be released from the chamber or ejected with the tool.

In the case of elongated bullets, the thin extension of the bullets surrounding the powder charre protects the ammunition and has the same stability as the bullet material, for example tombac, i. Since it is made of a material that can be caught by an ejector rod, there is a problem that the ammunition cannot be crumbled as in the case of powder ammunition which is freely placed behind the bullet and not protected by the case.

Thus, a method of providing a hook on a closure is proposed, similarly to an ejector, that is elastically engaged in the bullet from the rear and in a position to release it if necessary. However, the ejector is always protected from hot powder gases by the cartridge case, while the hooks of this design come in direct contact with the hot powder gases every shot, which has been removed from the mid-19th century of older applications. This results in burning of the hook over a long or short haul, such as a primer. Thus, this design with ejector hooks is only suitable for rarely used self-defense or hunting weapons.

The main advantage of caseless ammunition is that it can reduce the cost and weight of the cartridge case, but since so far—especially in the case of semi-automatic weapons—transferring heat from the weapon has been one of the main roles of the cartridge case, It is difficult to remove heat without the cartridge case. In the case of modern ammunition (with cartridge cases), the risk of "cooking off" of triggering (exploding by heating the cartridge) with a weapon "triggering from a closed bolt" is more than 100 times. While a shot can only occur after a continuous trigger without interruption and can be easily prevented by selecting the appropriate magazine capacity, the risk of "cooking off" for caseless ammunition in weapons suitable for sustained triggering is that Even if they already exist, these weapons are only triggered from “open bolts” where they are subjected to a large number of triggers (as in the case of most automatic pistols and machine guns), the closure is opened and triggered. It must be designed as an open weapon so that it does not close until it rises.

Even in the case of elongated bullets surrounding the powder ammunition, there is a problem that when the bullet is ejected from the "cartridge chamber", the cartridge chambers are heated, unhindered, for example not the cartridge case.

It is an object of the present invention to obviate or at least reduce the above mentioned problems in the case of bullets comprising powder ammunition and primers.

The purpose is to have an annular tee-slot undercut in the percussion direction centered with respect to the axis of the bore in the closure, on which the rear end drawn from the border of the bullet is mounted upon reloading, the boundary being withdrawal of the closure. Is solved according to the device of the invention described above, which is pressurized upon complete closure of the closure under deformation in such a way that it is released with the boundary if the bullet is not pretriggered (claim 1). In the process, the annular tee-slot is arranged in a chamber affected by hot powder gases, but has a configuration in which a large area is connected to a large key that has heat flow even when the weapon is continuously triggered. . In addition, fouling is of low importance because the rear end of the sharp edge of the bullet scrape powder chamber cleans the annular tee slot every shot.

When the closure is locked in the case of repetitive or single-loaded weapons, or in the case of semi-automatic weapons, when the closure hits the barrel, deformation of the bullet rear boundary occurs in the annular tee slot of the bolt until just before closure of the closure occurs. It is preferable not to. In this connection (in a later case) the energy of the obturator is consumed, which may otherwise forcefully hit the protrusions or damage them over time.

In principle, priming can be generated laterally from the front as in the case of the initially mentioned state of the art. However, the primer is preferably located centrally on the bullet rear end (claim 2).

In this regard, it is particularly desirable for the primer ammunition to be displaced from the closing pin of the obturator until the portion drawn in at the boundary of the bullet is pressed into the annular tee-slot and forward until the ball cannot reach the primer ammunition. (Claim 3). Thus, the interaction of the drawn portion of the bullet boundary with the annular tee-slot of the bolt serves a dual function; First it allows extraction of untriggered bullets and secondly triggers only when the drawn portion of the boundary is pressed into the annular tee-slot.

The ejected cartridge is usually no longer used, but because the drawn portion of the boundary expands widely again when exiting the annular tee-slot and is pressed back into the annular tee-slot when the bullet is assumed to be triggered, it is It can be reused if it is not a problem. The corresponding shape of the boundary of the annular tee-slot supports this compression.

In general, the retracted boundary is plastically deformed in this operation because the tamback used is a relatively soft, flexible material. However, it is also possible to use a rigid elastic material which is extended by an annular tee-slot for a short time and then into its undercut. In the process, the bullet's jacket also has longitudinal slots that form individual metal strips that can be more elastically deformed. All of these features have the feature of being fitted in the case of a fully closed weapon and located in the undercut when viewed from the front in this process. Whether such inward fitting occurs elastically or-preferably-plastically is not important in principle.

As already mentioned above, the present invention refers to the above mentioned apparatus as well as to multiple weapons having the above described apparatus and magazines, wherein the magazines are designed as bullet magazines and the upper or subsequent bullets having a central axis to be loaded are approximately It lies on the extension of the axis of the barrel bore, and the closure is provided with a bolt having a shaft-like extension having a diameter not exceeding the diameter of the bullet (claim 4). In general, the magazine is a stick magazine supplied from the bottom, but may be, for example, a disk magazine or other loading device that may be similarly constructed.

Correspondingly, this is the usual case where a new bullet is loaded in a straight line that does not follow the curve since a non-empty cartridge that would interfere with the recharging operation must be ejected.

The uppermost bullet is moved forward through the closure, and the closure can be reextracted straight if necessary since the next bullet has not moved upward. The discharge of withdrawn bullets can be effected, for example, by a vertical spring-loaded flap through which the bullet passes and from which it is extracted. Manual work is also possible.

A particularly simple design consists of a magazine surrounding the top or the next bullet to be loaded on the side which is removed from the other bullets by a cross-piece (paragraph 5). As a result, not only are the bullets fixed in a simple and robust manner, but they are not damaged by magazine lips or similar edges. In addition, if the bullets molded thereon after opening of the closure are placed in the cross section of the annular tee-slot, a simple and strong extraction of the magazine is met to disengage the extracted bullet from the annular tee-slot (claim 6). term). If the rungs extend to only a portion of the magazine length, in the process the bullet is easily peeled off the annular tee-slot and released after the magazine is removed from the magazine compartment.

The weapon according to the invention may be, for example, a rapid-fire weapon triggered from a repeat weapon and a closed bolt. However, weapons triggered from open bolts, for example automatic pistols of widely accepted design, have proved to be particularly excellent (claim 7). In this regard, the risk of cooking off is avoided because each bullet is not inserted into the cartridge chamber just before the trigger. The open closure also remains a catch that must be detached during the percussion but also serves as a catch for the release of the ejected cartridge. Therefore, this catch is not created individually. Finally, in the case of weapons triggered from open bolts, the bullet must be transferred to the chamber for triggering, for example, not for triggering preparation. Therefore, the bullet should be removed only in the rare case of a misfire. Typically, no discharge occurs.

In addition, it is particularly advantageous for the ball to be firmly fixed on the closure (claim 8).

This is completely flawless because the bullet is located on the front end of the cartridge chamber and the supply closure comes in contact with the primer ammunition when the resulting molding of the rear boundary of the bullet into the annular tee-slot.

 In the case of an automatic pistol, the pressure of the emitted gas is significantly lower than in the case of a rifle. In addition, the bullet boundary molded into the annular tee-slot creates a specific sealing that reduces the exhaust in the first stage of the pressure composition. Thus, additional means for sealing of the chamber can be dispensed if a screening or delivery of gas exiting the rear is provided so that the marksman is not aware of it.

However, if the barrel exceeds a certain length, the exhaust weakens the ballistic properties. For this case, a further embodiment of the present invention has a cartridge chamber for holding bullets rearwardly elongated, and a closure with gripping has a diameter slightly smaller than the cartridge chamber and its extension (claim 9). In this way, sufficient blocking is provided, which ensures that the barrel remains closed against the rear for a long time only along the rear elongation of the cartridge chamber, which is guaranteed even in the case of blowback action by the length of the cartridge case .

It is also particularly advantageous for the closure to have at least one sealing ring which seals against the elongate cartridge chamber in the region penetrating into the elongate cartridge chamber (claim 10). In addition, the at least one sealing ring can be replaced with an annular tee-slot on the exterior of the closure. The annular tee-slot produces a certain labyrinth effect and, in another aspect, cleans the elongated walls of the cartridge chamber from residues of powdered ammunition. In addition, an actual sealing ring can be provided for reliable shut off to the rear when high pressure is present in the barrel.

The weapon described here differs in the use of certain means from conventional automatic pistols: for example, a magazine can only be inserted or removed when the closure is cocked. However, this is pointless; Thus a second catch may be provided for the magazine to be inserted, for example to keep the magazine tight when the magazine is not fully pushed in yet and the closure is in the forward position. After cocking of the closure, the full insertion of the magazine constitutes additional safety measures, or the spring initiates insertion and tight locking in the actual holding catch, eliminating the need for additional grip and the task is much the same as that of conventional automatic pistols. Do.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The main points of the present invention will be explained in more detail in the examples shown in the accompanying drawings and described in the following description. Brief description of the drawings is as follows:

1 is a cross sectional view of a portion of an automatic pistol with a device according to the invention consisting of a bullet and a closure of a closure or loading case;

2 is a cross-sectional view of another part of an automatic pistol showing that the device according to the invention consisting of a bullet and a bolt is directly within the primer equipment of the bullet;

3 is a cross-sectional view on a smaller scale of an automatic pistol in preparation for triggering, with parts of which are not important for ease of presentation;

4 is a cross-sectional view of the automatic pistol immediately after retreat, when the closure initiates loading of the top bullet from the magazine (this figure corresponds slightly to FIG. 1);

5 is a cross-sectional view of the automatic pistol at the moment of triggering (this figure corresponds slightly to FIG. 2);

6 is a cross sectional view of the automatic pistol immediately after a trigger when the closure starts its rearward movement;

7 is a view showing a magazine loaded with the top bullet removed from the cut automatic pistol.

In FIG. 1, portions of an automatic pistol with a cylindrical closure 1, which is generally represented as moving in the direction of the arrow, are shown in a cross-sectional view that is approximately four times enlarged. The closure 1 is arranged in front of the closure 1 in the magazine 9, loaded from the bottom by a spring (not shown), and exiting from the magazine 9 by the crossbar 11 from above. It has a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the bullet 13 to be prevented. The crossbar 11 only covers approximately half of the length of the magazine 9 so that the magazine 9 can be mounted from above and from the rear when the magazine is removed to refill the magazine 9 (FIG. 7). Is extended. Towards the front, the magazine 9 is provided with an opening through which the uppermost bullet 13 can be pushed forward into the “cartridge chamber” or chamber 37 by the closure 1 (FIG. 2). .

The bullet 13 can be mounted on a corresponding recess 39 at the end of the chamber 37 on the outside between 1/3 and 2/3 of its length (as seen from the front) and in the weapon. A recess 15 is shown to limit the precise placement of the bullet 13 in. A slightly cylindrical jacket-shaped jacket 17 then extends backwards and is pressed into the grooves and lands of the barrel 41 (FIG. 2) to reach the guide mechanism in the case of a shot. The end boundary 29 of the jacket 17 is drawn and deformed inward to form the edge 31 of the end.

The chamber enclosed by the jacket 17 is almost filled with propellant charge 19 to reach the pulled portion of the end boundary 29. In the middle, a primer composition 21 is disposed.

The front surface of the closure 1 is called a bolt, which is generally circular with a ball 5 in the middle. The ball is surrounded by a torus 33 that forms a transition to an annular tee-slot 5, the tee slot 5 being outside and behind the torus 33. And to undercut the torus 33 against the inside.

The length of the drawn portion of the boundary 29 corresponds to the distance between the front surface of the torus 33 and the rear surface of the annular tee-slot 5. The outer diameter of the torus 33 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drawn portion at the edge of the boundary 29.

The cylindrical part of the closure 1 represents, in another part, two peripheral grooves 25 in which the very hard seals and rings 23 are located, which elongation of the "cartridge" chamber (not shown here). Strip fouling from. The associated peripheral groove 25 is larger than the ring to absorb dirt if necessary.

When the closure 1 moves in the direction of the arrow (after actuation of an unshown trigger), it pulls out of the boundary 29 with the edge end on the outer flank of the annular tee slot 5 without resistance with the torus 33. It penetrates into the drawn portion at the end of the recessed portion (annular tee-slot 5 and torus 33 are centered on the axis of the bore).

At the same time, the front boundary of the torus 33 sits on the propelling ammunition 19.

Hereinafter, the closure 1 is underneath the crossbar 11 of the magazine 9 and its opening until the recess 15 of the bullet 13 rests on the recess 39 of the barrel 41. Propulsion of bullet 13 away therefrom through elongation 35 (FIG. 2) of chamber 37 via 27, wherein recess 39 limits chamber 37 to the front. In this process, the closure 1 is allowed to move further based on its momentum, in this connection pushing the ball 7 into the primer composition 21 while simultaneously allowing the bullet to be completely into the annular tee-slot 5. The lower flank of the annular tee slot 5 is pressed against the end of the drawn portion of the border of the bullet 13 in a deformed manner.

If the primer composition 21 does not explode, the bullet 13 is firmly mounted with the modified end 29 of the jacket 17 in the annular tee-slot 5 and held firmly by its undercut portion In the case where the closure 1 is being pulled back, the bullet 13 can be extracted again from the chamber 37 and its elongate 35. The bullet 13 can then be removed.

However, when the primer composition 21 explodes, the jacket 17 is pulled forward from the annular tee slot 5 and is released forward along with the remainder of the bullet 13 along the barrel 41. .

The sealing ring 43 enters into the elongate 35 just before the trigger and seals during the first stage of the trigger against the maximum pressure of the chamber 37.

The closure 1 extends rearward by a significantly larger (and heavier) cylindrical body 45 that bears a peripheral groove 47 into which the trigger device (not shown) engages. The closure 1 and the barrel body 45 are completely symmetric in the direction of rotation and need not be firmly held in any position. The inner side of the body 45 of the tailings shows a rear open center bore 49 where the tailing-closing spring (not shown) engages.

The closure 1 and the barrel body 45 are guided in a corresponding chamber of the plastic casing into which the barrel holder 51 is also inserted, which is held by the cap nut 53.

3 shows the main parts of the automatic pistol (without trigger device) in the cocked state before the shot. The trigger device keeps the closures 1, 45 in the rear position shown. The distance between the crossbar 11 of the magazine 9 and the bolt 3 is that the tip of the bullet 13 extracted when the magazine 9 is removed is caught by the crossbar 11, and the weapon is removed from the weapon compartment. In the case of removal, the size is determined by a process in which the unreleased bullet 13 is peeled off from the bolt 3 so as to fall behind the magazine 9.

In the case of the withdrawal, the bolt 3 holds the bullet 13 (FIG. 4) and, if the drawn portion of the boundary 29 is molded into an undercut annular tee slot 5, into the chamber 37. Guide (FIG. 5). Shortly after, the bullet is discharged from the barrel 41 together with the ugly ammunition 19 and the primer composition 21, while the closures 1, 45 are (forward) gas pressure in the opposite (arrows in FIG. 6) direction. And begin to accelerate through the recoil.

7 shows the top of the cut magazine 9, the top bullet 13 being again cross-sectional so that the propelling ammunition 19 and the primer composition 21 can be clearly seen.

The weapon is extremely simple and not very complicated at the time of manufacture. However, the service life of the weapon is very long (as a result of screwing in the barrel 41). As a result, the weapon constitutes a very good weapon not only for military work in peace but also for police work.

Claims (10)

Substantially of the bullet material or bullet jacket material protruding rearward (pulled out of the border 29), slightly pulled inward toward the bullet center axis, and in close contact with the bolt 3 of the closures 1, 45 upon release. A device consisting of a bullet 13 and a closure 1, 45 surrounding the propulsion and primer ammunition 19, 21 extending rearwardly by a powder admission chamber having a cylindrical wall 17. To The closures 1, 45 have an annular tee slot 5 undercut in a percussion direction centered with respect to the axis of the bore, the rear portion being drawn from the boundary 29 of the bullet 13 on the boundary during reloading. The boundary 29 is mounted under the deformation in such a way that the bullet is fired together with the boundary if the bullet 13 was not pretriggered upon retraction of the closures 1, 45. Characterized in that it is pressurized upon complete closure Device. The method of claim 1, The primer ammunition 21 is characterized in that it is located centrally on the rear end of the bullet 13. Device. The method of claim 2, The primer ammunition 21 is drawn from the balls 7 of the closures 1, 45 until the portion drawn in at the boundary 29 of the bullet 13 is pressed into the annular tee slot 5. Is displaced to the front which cannot reach the primer ammunition Device. In the multiple-shot weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 3, With a magazine (9), the magazine is designed as a magazine magazine (9), and a bullet (13) with a central axis on top or next to be loaded is approximately on the extension of the axis of the barrel (41) bore. And the closure 3 is provided with said lock 3 having a shaft-like extension having a diameter not exceeding the diameter of the bullet 13. Multiple weapons. The method of claim 4, wherein The magazine 9 is characterized by enclosing the top or the next bullet 13 to be loaded on the side removed from the other bullets 13 by the crossbar 11. Multiple weapons. The method of claim 5, The closures 1, 45 are positioned such that the bullet 13, which is fixed on the annular tee-slot 5 and molded thereon after opening of the closures 1, 45, touches within the area of the crosspiece 11. Characterized in that can be fixed Multiple weapons. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, Characterized in that the weapon is triggered from the open bolt Multiple weapons. The method of claim 7, wherein The ball 7 is characterized in that it is firmly fastened on the closures (1, 45) Multiple weapons. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, The cartridge chamber 37 holding the bullet 13 extends rearward and the closure 1 with the bolt 3 has a diameter slightly smaller than the cartridge chamber 37 and its extension 35. Characterized in that it is blocked against Multiple weapons. The method of claim 9, The closure 1 is characterized in that it has at least one sealing ring 23, 43 for sealing the extension 35 of the area penetrating into the extension. Multiple weapons.

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