KR20070016625A - The water treatment method utilizing cattails and the appling method of cultured cattails - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an artificial wetland, rivers, artificial rivers, waste water and sewage treatment facility or part of the facility upstream or downstream of the facility for producing the cultivation of the water and characterized in that the cultivation of the parts and the parts grown in the method The present invention relates to a method of using a wealth, characterized in that it is used as a waste treatment agent and a moisture control agent, a useful microbial eutrophication agent or an earthworm breeding agent, and the organic matter in the method of treating organic waste such as livestock manure, agricultural and marine by-products, slaughter by-products, and food waste. As a method of manufacturing fertilizers and composts, it reduces the cost of compost production, reduces the odor generated in the composting process, enables the production of high-quality organic fertilizers with improved breathability and moisture retention, and uses sewage sludge treatment and fecal soil using earthworms. Active production of earthworms in production and sewage sludge To be used as a valuable organic fertilizer, and the effect can be obtained that allows moisture to replace the sawdust agent used for the treatment of organic waste.

Boulders, organic waste, livestock manure, microorganisms, eutrophicants, moisture regulators, water purification, water purification plants

Description

The water treatment method utilizing cattails and the appling method of cultured cattails}

1 is a process diagram illustrating a process of utilizing the cultivated parts in the water treatment process using the parts,

2 is a photograph of a natural purification type water treatment process using the parts,

3 is a photograph taken by enlarging the fibrous tissue of the bud leaf,

Figure 4 is a photograph taken by optical microscope of the fibrous tissue (Cell) tissue of the willow leaf.

The present invention relates to a water treatment method using the parts and a method of using the cultivated parts, more specifically, artificial wetlands, rivers, artificial rivers, waste and sewage treatment facilities, or upstream or downstream of the facility facilities for cultivating the buds It relates to a water treatment method, characterized in that the cultivation of the parts and to the use of the parts, characterized in that the cultivated parts in the organic waste treatment agent and moisture control agent, useful microbial eutectics or earthworm carcasses.

Generally, water treatment methods are roughly classified into physical methods, chemical methods, and biological methods, and physical methods include methods of cultivating natural plants by growing water plants capable of water treatment.

An aquatic plant is a general term for plants in which all or part of a plant grows in water. Submerged plants in which most of the plants are in water, side plants in which most of the leaves or plants float on the water, and purified plants in which the upper part of plants are in the air It is divided into (挺 水 植物).

Nitrogen removal by aquatic plants is achieved by absorption by plants and adherent microorganisms, volatilization of ammonia, nitrification and denitrification, among which the absorption by plants is the most important. That is, the microorganisms attached to the root of the plant decompose organic nitrogen and convert it into ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, which are available to the plant, and the plant absorbs and uses it. In addition, oxygen is sprayed from the atmosphere through the plant. As it diffuses into the aerobic region, anaerobic and anaerobic zones exist in the roots, where nitrogen is removed in gaseous form through nitrification and denitrification.

In addition, phosphorus is not transformed into a gaseous form, such as nitrogen removal, and can be removed through absorption of plants and adherent microorganisms. That is, the attached microorganisms are absorbed and used by the plant by decomposing the organic phosphorus in a form that the plant can absorb.

The plant purification method using aquatic plants is a purification method that utilizes the natural purification function of aquatic plants.It is a method of purifying pollutant loads by using aquatic plants such as hyacinth, hyacinth, string, iris, Bupyeong-cho, cape grass, and buttercups It is to cut. Freshwater aquatic plants also grow naturally in water bodies contaminated with nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus) loaded from urban and agricultural activities. Therefore, aquatic plants are introduced for more economical wastewater treatment using various aquatic plants. These aquatic plant systems are used to reduce pollution levels in water bodies, methane gas production using plant biomass, livestock feed, fiber, compost, and soil improvers, but the value of by-products generated is significantly lower. It becomes a waste and causes environmental pollution.

Water purification by plants has economic advantages in terms of facilities and maintenance, but there are disadvantages in that the treatment efficiency fluctuates depending on environmental conditions and the site takes a lot. However, despite these drawbacks, using aquatic plants is an independent nutrient that uses sunlight as an energy source and inorganic carbon as a carbon source, so it is easy to cultivate to suppress algae, which is the main culprit of eutrophication such as nitrogen and phosphorus reduction, or Although the possibility of water quality improvement has been recognized by the competition, the method using the wealth has not been disclosed.

On the other hand, sawdust, rice husk, rice straw, etc. are used as a bulking agent to treat organic waste, and sawdust is mainly used, but sawdust is supplied due to the increase of organic waste, protection of forest resources, and sharp decline in imports of wood materials. This situation is lacking. In addition, sawdust is a slow decomposition and take up a large volume in the treatment of organic waste is the cause of the increase in the treatment cost in the final treatment.

For example, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1998-022692 describes that coconut skin by-products are utilized as a moisture control agent to replace sawdust, and Patent Publication No. 2001-0089934 discloses a bulking agent. Fly-ash and inorganic swelling agents which have been converted to artificial zeolites and allophanes and organic swelling agents such as sawdust and chaff are described.

In addition, the study on the feasibility of fermentation products of food wastes as composting from manure composting (Kim Sung-beom et al., Organic Resources, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2004) shows that fermentation products of food wastes are composted. Has been studied for its utility as a moisture control agent, but no technique has been mentioned for treating organic wastes with wealth.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to purify the water using the parts of the water purification plant having the characteristics of other plants and general fiber tissues so as to increase the water purification efficiency and use value, and the by-products produced in the process Organic waste treatment and moisture control agents, useful microbial eutectics or earthworms to be used as a carnival to increase the use value and utility.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned objects as well as other objects that are easily expressed, the present invention provides artificial wetlands, rivers, artificial rivers, waste and sewage treatment facilities or parts of cultivation facilities upstream or downstream of the facilities, and cultivates parts. Organic fertilizer in the method of treating organic wastes such as livestock manure, agricultural and fishery by-products, slaughtered by-products and food wastes by utilizing water and using the cultivated parts in the above method as organic waste treatment and moisture control agent, useful microbial eutrophication agent or earthworm breeding agent. As a method of manufacturing and composting, it reduces the cost of compost production, reduces the odor generated in the composting process, enables the production of high-quality organic fertilizers with improved breathability and moisture retention, and produces sewage sludge treatment and fecal soil using earthworms. Active in the City of Earthworm Growth Effects can be obtained so that to be able to utilize the sewage sludge into useful organic fertilizer, moisture can replace sawdust agent used for the treatment of organic waste.

The present invention is described in more detail as follows.

The water treatment method using the parts according to the present invention and the method of using the cultivated parts are artificial wetlands, rivers, artificial rivers, waste, sewage treatment facilities or parts of the facilities upstream or downstream of the facilities to make the cultivation of the parts and cultivate the parts Water treatment by the natural purification method by the growth of the parts, harvested when the fiber tissue of the bud cultivated in the method is well formed, dried quickly so that the parts do not rot, so that the square fiber tissue of the parts is distributed uniformly The cut processing is characterized by the use of organic waste treatment and moisture control agents, useful microbial eutectics or earthworm carcasses.

Weeds are aquatic plants, which have large parts, parts, babies, and some parts, and the characteristics of the parts are perennial plants distributed nationwide, ranging in size from 100 to 200 cm, with 8 to 12 leaves, and linear (length: 80 ~ 130cm, width: 5 ~ 20mm, thickness: 4 ~ 7mm), the thickness of the stem is 3 ~ 5cm, the leaves are wrapped around the bottom.

The parts used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and large parts, parts, baby parts, and some parts can all be used, and species having excellent water treatment ability can be selected and used according to the properties of the water to be treated.

The cultivation of the parts consists of a method of cultivating the parts of the artificial wetlands, rivers, artificial rivers, waste, and sewage treatment facilities upstream or downstream of the facility, planting the seeds of the parts, or planting and growing the germinated parts. .

It is estimated that the mechanism of water treatment by cultivating wealth is concentrated in three ways.

That is, the roots and stems of the parts are absorbed in a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen as particulate nutrients precipitated and adsorbed in water to remove phosphorus and nitrogen, and the denitrifying bacteria that grow in low wetlands promote the denitrification in water. Contaminants are removed by the mud adsorbing phosphorus, and the contaminants are precipitated and deposited at the moment when the flowing water comes into contact with the stalks. In addition, microorganisms attached to the stems of parts and reproduce to form a biofilm that has a function of decomposing and mineralizing organic matter, water is also purified.

In addition, the wealth has a unique root structure called Rhizome, which has air passages between the thin root hairs, and oxygen from the leaves leaves the roots in the stems and when released from the roots, a thin film of water around the root hairs. As aerobic microorganisms form a good growth state to promote organic decomposition and nitrification and denitrification in the arbitrary conditions of the surrounding.

When the fibrous leaves of the buds are well-formed, they are harvested, dried quickly so that the parts do not rot, and then cut to have a uniform distribution of square fibrous tissue.

That is, as shown in Figure 3 and 4, the fiber structure of the weeping leaf is composed of a square honeycomb structure, in order to maximize the characteristics of the fiber structure of the parts having a porous membrane structure of several to several tens of ㎛ to suit the purpose Drying and cutting processes are required, which must be tailored to the purpose of improving water absorption and the disposal of organic waste. In order to use organic waste moisture control agent, the size of processed parts is 3 ~ 6mm, which can efficiently use the capillary phenomenon, which is characteristic of the fiber structure of the parts, and 8 ~ 20mm, which can be used to supply air for the earthworm carnival. The size is suitable.

Although the drying of the parts is most preferable in terms of economical drying, hot air drying may be performed for rapid drying, and drying may be performed by drying methods and conditions commonly used in the art.

In addition, cutting of the parts may also use cutting means commonly used in the art.

In the case of using the parts when constructing the natural purification water purification treatment facility using artificial wetland or aquatic plants for waste and sewage treatment, the parts had better treatment effect than other aquatic plants as shown in Table 1. This is presumed to be due to the rapid growth rate of the parts, the characteristics of the root structure, and the growth capacity of many freshwater volumes.

The experiment for confirming the water purification treatment effect was performed by the following method.

That is, 6.4m3 of sewage effluent with SS of 9.7mg / L, TN of 17.5mg / L, and TP of 1.6mg / L in an artificial wetland made of 4 × 6m and having an area of 24㎡ and a depth of 0.2m Inflow in an amount of / hour, allowed to stay for 1.8 hours, then discharged, and measured SS, TN, TP of the effluent and are listed in Table 1.

[Table 1] Water Purification Experiment Results

Looking at the advantages and disadvantages of the aquatic plants used mainly for water purification purposes, as shown in Table 2, the availability of the wealth is the most, the management is easy and the value of the use of by-products is very high.

[Table 2] Pros and cons of aquatic plants

The size of the parts is 100 ~ 210cm, the leaves are 4 ~ 7mm thick, 8 ~ 20mm in width, 80 ~ 130cm in length is composed of about 8 to 12 leaves, when cutting the leaves as shown in Figure 3 It has a honeycomb-shaped structure with a square structure of 0.3 to 1 mm in width and 0.4 to 1.2 mm in length, and as seen in the cell tissue micrograph, it has a porous membrane structure of micropores of several to several tens of μm as shown in FIG. It is. The fibrous and cell tissues of these parts are optimal for promoting capillary effects, and are capable of maximally storing absorbed liquids and air (oxygen).

The water absorption of the parts was tested and the results are shown in Table 3. That is, the buds, reeds, and crests are cut into 3 ~ 5mm sizes, and the sawdust is dried at 120 ° C. for 2 hours to quantify by cooling the desiccator, and then immersed in distilled water for 1 hour. The water absorption was measured by using an electronic balance to measure the water absorption rate, and the water absorption rate of the parts was the highest at 463%.

Table 3 Moisture Absorption Test Results

The fibrous tissue of the parts is soft and tough and strong enough to be used as a mat or cushion for daily necessities. There is no big deformation in the elastic and square fiber tissue even when the parts are dried in water and dried again, and the moisture absorption rate is also large. It was 450% or more without any difference.

In order to determine the effect of carbonaceous ratio (C / N), which is an appropriate requirement for organic waste, 5g each of sawdust and parts was weighed into a 500mL flask, and distilled water was stored in a cow for 7 days. As a result of measuring nutrients, namely COD (potassium dichromate method), TN, and TP, the carbon supply ability of the wealthy was large, and this result greatly contributes to the treatment of organic matter with high nitrogen content, thereby increasing the treatment efficiency.

[Table 4] Nutritional Components of the Eluent

On the other hand, the results of experiments to determine the odor reduction effect, treatment time and temperature change when processing the organic waste pig meal, the results shown in Table 5. In other words, composting experiments were carried out by putting 1 ton of sawdust and 0.7 tonnes of butter into 87 tons of water content with 87% moisture content, and compared with the efficiency of 15 days, 285.6% of odor reduction effect was reduced when sawdust was used. This improved 66.7% and was 25% less than sawdust as a moisture modifier.

In order to remove ammonia nitrogen (NH3), which is a major component of odorous substances, nitrogen compounds are converted into nitrate nitrogen (N03) by microorganisms such as Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, and then randomized heterotrophic organisms such as Pseudomonas , Bacillus, and Micrococcus . Heterotrophs must be denitrated with nitrogen gas. A brief summary of this process is given by the formula NO ₃ ⁻ → NO ₂ ⁻ → NO → N ₂ O → N ₂ . In order to be converted to N2 by the reducing gas, and the electron donor is necessary, if in terms of the electron donor to the ^{_{COD 3.7gCOD / gNO 3 - - NO}} 3 -N need to be made and this randomness condition. When the parts are used during the composting process, the material eluted from the bundle fibers serves as a carbon source, and the oxygen in the bundle fibers serves to create a suitable random condition, which is different from the moisture control agents of other materials. .

[Table 5] Organic Waste Composting Experiment

Bacillus subtilus with 1.2 ~ 8.7 × 10 ⁶ CFU / mL of each cut and sawdust. ATCC 6633) , Staphylococcus ATCC 25922 , Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341), Acinetobacter (Acinetobactor) ATCC 27934, the strap Sat My process kakaohyi subspecies Aso and cis (Streptomyces cacaoi subspecies asoensis) ATCC 19093 , Pseudomonas fluorescein sense (Pseudomonas fluorescence) the effective microorganisms such as ATCC 27663, Pseudomonas Cellar siwooseu (Cellulomonas cellaceus) ATCC 487 Cellulofine sawdust and A weight ratio of 0.01 to 0.03%, preferably 0.02% was inoculated (seeding) and mixed with food waste, the organic denitrification decomposition experiments, the results were obtained as shown in Table 6. The reactor using the parts as a water conditioner had a good temperature rise and maintenance, and the weight loss rate was 63.8% and the volume reduction rate was 71.4%. This is because the wealth plays a role in promoting degradation along with the role of moisture control unlike other moisture control agents.

[Table 6] Result of food waste extinction

In addition, as a result of the earthworm treatment experiment of sewage sludge using the wealth, the growth rate was as high as 116.7% as shown in Table 7. The sewage sludge worm breeding ground with added parts showed better growth rate and activity than those using sawdust, and as shown in the results of the experiment, the use of parts in the water purification process has good water purification effect, convenient maintenance, and by-products. The produced parts are excellent in water absorption, breathability, and organic material supply ability by honeycomb fiber structure and cell structure in porous membrane form, and are excellent as water control agent for organic waste treatment and earthworm breeding agent. High value

[Table 7] Earthworm Breeding Results

As described above, when creating water purification facilities using aquatic plants, such as waste and sewage treatment and river water purification treatment, the use of parts provides good water treatment effects, and the parts produced as by-products can be used as raw materials for organic waste treatment agents. Water purification and waste can be reused, making LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) an effective implementation, which has great effect in terms of environmental pollution and resource recycling.

In addition, when fertilizers are mixed with organic wastes with high moisture content such as livestock manure, by-products of agricultural and marine products, slaughter by-products, and food waste (3 to 6 mm) (1: 0.3 to 1.2), fermentation period Along with shortening, odor reduction and volume reduction, high quality compost can be obtained and cost reduction effect is large.

In addition, the amount of wealth that can be harvested in an area of 1 ㎢ is dry weight, which is more economical than producing sawdust by growing trees from 30,000 to 40,000 tons per year, which has the effect of protecting forest resources and protecting the environment.

Claims (3)

Wetlands, rivers, artificial streams, wastes, parts of the sewage treatment facilities, or upstream or downstream of the facilities, make up facilities for cultivating the worms, cultivate the nutrients for water treatment, and treat the cultivated parts with organic waste treatment and moisture control agents, useful microorganisms. A water treatment method using the parts, characterized in that used as a carnival or earthworm carnival and how to use the cultivated parts. The parts of claim 1, wherein the organic waste treating agent and the moisture control agent or the useful microbial eutrophic agent use parts of the size of 3 to 6 mm which are harvested and dried, and cut and processed so that the square fiber of the parts is uniformly distributed. How to use. The method of claim 1, wherein the earthworm carnival is harvesting and drying the parts and using the parts of the size of 8 to 20mm cut processing so that the square fiber tissue of the parts uniformly distributed.

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