KR20060096592A - Thermal separation method of waste synthetic resins and apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a heat separation method of waste synthetic resins or waste rubber, comprising: pulverizing a solid waste synthetic resin stream; Melting the pulverized waste synthetic resin in a temperature range of several steps, such as a) melt separating at a temperature of 100 ° C. or more and less than 140 ° C .; b) melt-separating the waste synthetic resins which have undergone the a) process at a temperature of 140 ° C. or more and less than 190 ° C .; c) melt-separating the waste synthetic resins subjected to the step b) at a temperature of 190 ° C. or higher and less than 240 ° C .; d) melt-separating the waste synthetic resins subjected to the step b) at a temperature of 240 ° C. or higher and less than 290 ° C .; And e) melt-separating the waste synthetic resins which have undergone the step d) at a temperature of 290 ° C. or higher. The method of the present invention relates to a method for separating and separating waste synthetic resins, the method comprising: heating waste synthetic resins according to the present invention; Separation method and apparatus using the same are heated various synthetic synthetic resins or waste rubbers according to the temperature gradient of multiple stages, and melted and separated by synthetic resins corresponding to the temperature, and cools the gas generated at each temperature point to obtain fuel oil. There is no fear of causing environmental pollution, and by heating in an indirect manner using a heat medium, it is effective in treating waste synthetic resins with high thermal efficiency and low cost.

 Waste synthetic resin, waste rubber, heat separation, melting, heating medium, heat transfer medium, oil

Description

Heat Separation Method of Waste Synthetic Resins and Apparatus Using the Same}

1 is a schematic process chart for carrying out a preferred embodiment by the heat separation method of the waste synthetic resin of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a heat separation processing apparatus for carrying out a preferred embodiment by the heat separation method of the waste synthetic resin of the present invention.

Brief description of the main symbols in the drawings

11: heating medium 15: airtight container

21: feed screw 22: mesh

23: waste synthetic resin supply pipe 25: synthetic resin collection pipe

27: waste synthetic resin transfer pipe 31: gas cooling tank

33: milking tank 35: temperature sensor

37: thermostat 39: heating device

The present invention relates to a heat separation method of a waste synthetic resin and a device using the same, and more particularly, a multi-stage heat separation process according to a temperature gradient of waste synthetic resins generated from various resin molded products including films that are difficult to treat as industrial waste. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for heat separation of waste synthetic resins which can economically and economically obtain regenerated materials that can be effectively used as a heat source and secondary raw materials.

In recent years, due to the rapid development of petrochemicals, the production of synthetic resins represented by plastics has been rapidly increased, and accordingly, the production process of various petrochemical products, industrial sites, and the disposal of the discarded wastes are emerging as social problems. In particular, in the production process of petrochemical products, most of the defective products generated in the process of producing high-quality products in large quantities are melted again and recycled or the waste synthetic resin, which cannot be recycled, is disposed of by itself.

Reuse, incineration, landfill, etc. have been mainly used for the treatment of waste synthetic resins. Among them, thermosetting resins are shredded or cut to a maximum diameter of 15 cm or melted and then landfilled. In the case of others and waste synthetic rubber, incineration is used. However, in case of landfilling, not only it causes fatal environmental pollution, but in the case of landfill synthetic resins, it takes at least several hundred years to rot, so that environmental pollution is increased for a long time, and valuable resources are wasted by being buried and disposed of on the ground. In the incineration treatment, there is a problem that causes environmental pollution by the harmful gas generated during incineration.

In addition, when reusing, the target material is limited, and a lot of washing process, and after washing and reprocessing, there is an unproductive problem, such as additional costs because the recycling cost is higher than the import price.

On the other hand, the heat treatment of the waste synthetic resin generally refers to a technique of directly heating and decomposing the waste synthetic resin to a temperature of 300 ° C. to 400 ° C. in a closed container in a reducing atmosphere to gasify and cooling the gas in a condenser to make an oil. In recent years, its practical use is actively promoted. By the way, the combustion apparatus used in the waste incinerator of the conventional waste synthetic resin is a direct type, and has the structure which puts the said waste into a predetermined container and heats it from the bottom and combusts. Such a combustion system, once the waste synthetic resin is dissolved in the barrel, is agglomerated with each other in the process of combustion, so it is not easily burned and causes incomplete combustion, resulting in a problem of environmental pollution, and the temperature inside the combustion device is not high enough. Since there is a limit to using the recovered heat for other purposes such as a boiler, there is an urgent need for a new treatment technology capable of reasonably treating waste synthetic resin.

In order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the present invention, unlike the conventional heat treatment technology is melted at the temperature of each step by dissolving the solid waste synthetic resin in the liquid phase using the heat medium set to the appropriate temperature for each step It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for separating and separating waste synthetic resins and a device using the same, as well as an advantage that can be obtained by separating resins by type.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for heat separation of waste synthetic resin, comprising: grinding a solid waste synthetic resin; And melt-separating the pulverized waste synthetic resin in a temperature range of several stages.

Melt-separating in the temperature range of the various stages may be performed by sequentially performing the pulverized waste synthetic resin in a multi-stage heating apparatus, for example, a) melt-separating at a temperature of 100 ° C. or more and less than 140 ° C .; b) melt-separating the waste synthetic resin subjected to the a) process at a temperature of 140 ° C. or more and less than 190 ° C .; c) melt-separating the waste synthetic resin that has passed through the step b) at a temperature of 190 ° C. or more and less than 240 ° C .; d) melt-separating the waste synthetic resin subjected to the b) process at a temperature of 240 ° C. or higher and less than 290 ° C .; And e) melt-separating the waste synthetic resin that has passed through the step d) at a temperature of 290 ° C. or higher.

The waste synthetic resin is preferably a thermoplastic resin or waste rubber.

The thermoplastic resin is polyethylene (PE) resin, polypropylene (PP) resin, polystyrene (PS) resin, polyamide (PA) resin, ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) resin, polycarbonate , PC) resin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, vinyl acetate resin, polyester (polyester) resin, polyacetal resin and vinyl is preferably selected from the group consisting of. In addition, the waste rubber may be waste synthetic rubber or waste natural rubber.

It is preferable that the said process of melt-separation is heated by the liquid organic heat medium.

In another aspect, the present invention is a heat separation device for waste synthetic resins, the airtight container (15) filled with a heating medium (11) and a gas cooling tank 31 formed on the upper surface of the airtight container and the A milking tank 33 connected to a gas cooling tank; a waste synthetic resin supply pipe 23 connected to an upper surface of the sealed container 15 to form an inclined surface and having a conveying screw 21 for transferring waste synthetic resin therein. A waste synthetic resin transfer pipe 27 having a conveying screw 21 installed therein, which is connected to the mixture of the waste synthetic resin and the heat medium 11 and forms an inclined surface and is connected to the sealed container of the next step; The net 22 and the transfer screw 21 for collecting the synthetic resin filtered through the net 22 are installed therein and are connected to the bottom of the net 22 while forming an inclined surface. Said synthetic resin collection pipe 25; and the heat transfer device 39, the temperature sensor 35 and the temperature controller 37 is installed on the side of the sealed container 15; Provided is a heat separation apparatus for carrying out a heat separation method of synthetic resins.

A schematic process diagram of the heat separation treatment of waste synthetic resins for carrying out the embodiment according to the method of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1, and a cross-sectional view of the unit apparatus is shown in FIG.

A closed container containing the heat medium 11 using the transfer screw 21 to transfer the waste synthetic resin or waste rubber collected after use of agricultural films, plastic bottles, etc., to a finely crushed waste synthetic resin using a crushing roll or a cutting machine. 15) and the heat transfer device 39 is operated, the heat medium 11 is heated and the temperature is increased, so that the waste synthetic resin is melted, and only the resin melted in the liquid molten resin and the heat medium forms the net 22. Passing through, the heat medium 11 is filtered over the net 22. The molten resin passed is collected by using the feed screw 21 of the synthetic resin collecting pipe 25 of each step. The remaining waste synthetic resin is conveyed to the closed container which is adjusted to the temperature of the next step by the conveying screw 21. The heat transfer device 39 for heating the heat medium 11 to a constant temperature is provided together with the temperature sensor 35 and the temperature controller 37, when the temperature controller 37 is set to a predetermined temperature. In addition, the temperature sensor 35 senses the value of temperature and adjusts the operation of the heating apparatus 39 accordingly. Each airtight container is divided into multiple temperature gradients.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.

First step: waste synthetic resin raw material selection and grinding process

Thermoplastic plastics are preferably used as the waste synthetic resins. Waste synthetic resins in which thermoplastic resins having different melting points or properties are mixed can be used. For example, polyethylene (PE) resin, polypropylene (PP) resin, polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA) resin, ABS resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, vinyl acetate resin And polyester resins such as PBT and PET, and polyacetal resins. In addition, synthetic resins other than plastic, such as synthetic rubber, natural rubber, and tires, which can be melted and separated to obtain oils or monomers, can also be used.

The waste synthetic resin is usually discharged as industrial waste, municipal waste, rejects in factories, etc., and may be any type of film, sheet, molded article, and the like. As long as it does not interfere with the melt separation reaction, a small amount of foreign substances such as water, dirt, paper, iron, and glass may be included in the waste synthetic resin raw material. The waste synthetic resin may also be mixed with oil such as vegetable oil, mineral oil, waste lubricating oil, and the like.

In addition, as long as the waste synthetic resin can be melted even if the collected waste synthetic resin is not subdivided, it can be used by melting it with one mixed material. There is no particular limitation on the mixing composition ratio of the waste synthetic resin raw materials, and the thermoplastic resin can be used because the melting point or properties thereof are different, and it can be appropriately mixed and used according to the purpose of use thereof.

The mixed material is put into a cutter so that it can be put into a post process and cut and pulverized to about 5 to 20 cm.

Second Process: Multistage Melting and Separation Process

The pulverized product obtained in the first step is put into a sealed container designed with a multi-step temperature gradient. The heat medium is filled in the airtight container, and the temperature of the heat medium is increased by heating by using a heat transfer device, and the temperature sensing sensor mounted in the airtight container at each step can maintain the temperature range set at each step.

The multi-stage melting and separation process in the second process is performed by connecting a plurality of sealed containers as shown in FIG. The waste synthetic resin is supplied to the sealed container 15 filled with the heat medium 11 by using the conveying screw 21 of the waste synthetic resin supply pipe 21, and the supplied waste synthetic resin is mixed with the heat medium 11. The heat medium is heated by a heat transfer device 39 for heating the heat medium 11 to a constant temperature. The heat transfer device is installed together with a temperature sensor 35 and a temperature controller 37. When the temperature is set to a predetermined value by, the temperature sensor 35 senses the value of the temperature and adjusts the operation of the heating apparatus 39 accordingly.

As the heat medium, an organic heat transfer medium is used, and Dowsam A, which is a eutectic mixture of diphenyl and diphenyl ether, is preferably used.

The heating device means for heating the heat medium may be a heating using a burner or an electrical heating means by a coil, but is not limited thereto.

When a certain temperature is reached, the waste synthetic resin is melted, and only the resin melted in the liquid molten resin and the heat medium 11 passes through the net 22, and the heat medium 11 is filtered over the net 22. The passed molten resin is collected using the feed screw 21 of the synthetic resin collecting pipe 25 at each stage, and the remaining waste synthetic resin remaining in the sealed container is transferred to the feed screw 21 of the waste synthetic resin feeding pipe 27. It is transferred to a closed vessel controlled to the temperature of the next step, the melt separation proceeds at a higher temperature.

The multi-stage melt separation step consists of a multi-stage temperature gradient, for example, the following five steps. The first stage melt separation is at a temperature of 100 ° C. or more and less than 140 ° C., the second stage melt separation is a temperature of 140 ° C. or more and less than 190 ° C., and the third step melt separation is a temperature of 190 ° C. or more and less than 240 ° C. , The fourth stage melt separation is adjusted to a temperature of 240 ° C or more and less than 290 ° C, the fifth stage melt separation is controlled to a temperature of 290 ° C or more. However, the temperature gradient is only one embodiment for heat-separating waste synthetic resins, but the multi-stage temperature gradient according to the present invention is not limited thereto.

By the melt separation process, a polyethylene (PE) resin having a relatively low melting point is melted and discharged at a temperature of 100 ° C. or more and less than 140 ° C. in the first step, and polypropylene (A) at a temperature of 140 ° C. or more and 190 ° C. or less in the second step. PP) resin, soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, or polyacetal resin is melted and discharged, and polyester (PET) resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin or The acrylic resin is melted and discharged, and polyamide (nylon) resin or hard polyvinyl chloride resin is melted and discharged at a temperature of 240 ° C. or more and less than 290 ° C. in the fourth step. In addition, by cooling the gas discharged from the previous stage and the temperature of 290 ℃ or more in the last stage to obtain oil (bangka oil), or by supplying the gas to the gas burner continuously through a separate gas circulation pipe to operate the gas burner Not only can it be recycled as its own heat source, but as the melting takes place, the heat source generated here can be used for various purposes such as boilers or other industrial and agricultural purposes.

The melting process is an indirect melt separation process in which an inexpensive primary energy source is heated to instantaneously heat the heat medium to a predetermined temperature and utilize the heated heat medium as a secondary energy source. Instantaneous heating of the sealed heat medium using the high thermal conductivity of the heat medium results in low heat loss, high thermal efficiency at low cost, and prevents natural loss of residual heat by using the heat storage of heat medium. Due to stability, there is an advantage that can continuously supply high-quality energy.

Hereinafter, preferred examples are provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the following examples are merely to illustrate the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

EXAMPLE

Example

Closed container filled with crushed waste synthetic resin to the smelter by using crushing roll or cutting machine Was heated using a heating device, and the temperature sensor was used to maintain the temperature of the heat medium contained in each airtight container. The first melting furnace is at least 100 ° C and less than 140 ° C, the second melting furnace is at least 140 ° C and less than 190 ° C, the third melting furnace is at least 190 ° C and less than 240 ° C, and the fourth melting furnace is at least 240 ° C and less than 290 ° C. Temperature, the fifth melting furnace was maintained at a temperature of 290 ° C or higher. According to the melting point temperature, the molten resin was separated by being discharged through the synthetic resin collecting pipe of each stage, and the remaining molten waste synthetic resin was transferred to the next stage by the conveying screw of the waste synthetic resin conveying tube. In addition, all the gases generated in each furnace were collected and cooled in a gas cooling tank. The melting point of each synthetic resin contained in the waste synthetic resins is shown in Table 1 below.

Melting point of various synthetic resins Synthetic resin Melting Point (℃) Polyethylene (PE) Resin Low Density Polyethylene Resin (LDPE) 110 or less High Density Polyethylene Resin (HDPE) 135 Polypropylene (PP) Resin 167-170 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Resin 150 Polyacetal resin 175 Polyester (PET) Resin 230 Polyamide (PA) resin Nylon 6 210 Nylon 6.6 250 Polycarbonate (PC) Resin 221

Comparative example

Using a crushing roll or a cutting machine, the finely crushed waste synthetic resin is supplied to the melting furnace, heated by a direct heating method by a burner without a temperature gradient as in the above embodiment, and the waste synthetic resin is maintained by maintaining a temperature of 300 ° C to 400 ° C. Melt-separated.

In the embodiment, various synthetic resins were melted and discharged at each temperature step to separate each synthetic resin. That is, polyethylene (PE) resin having a relatively low melting point is used in the first melting furnace, polypropylene (PP) resin, soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin or polyacetal resin is used in the second melting furnace, and polyester ( PET) resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, or acrylic resin is melted and discharged from the fourth melting furnace by polyamide (nylon) resin or hard polyvinyl chloride resin, and the gas discharged from each melting furnace is discharged from the gas cooling tank. Heavy oil was obtained through the cooling process. In the comparative example, however, various synthetic resins were melted and discharged together.

According to the present invention, the various waste synthetic resins or waste rubbers which are solid are melted and separated into a liquid resin according to the temperature gradient of the multi-stage, and the resin corresponding to the temperature is melted and reused to reuse the various substances causing pollution. And since it is discharged after purification, there is no fear of causing environmental pollution, and by heating the element that melts the waste synthetic resin by indirect method using heat medium to make the temperature distribution uniform, high thermal efficiency can be obtained with low energy. By using heat storage property, it also prevents natural loss of residual heat, and due to the high thermal stability of the heat medium, it is possible to continuously supply high-quality energy.

Although only described in detail with respect to the described embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations are possible within the technical spirit of the present invention, it is natural that such variations and modifications belong to the appended claims. .

Claims (6)

In the heat separation method of waste synthetic resin, Grinding the solid waste synthetic resins; And Heat-separating method of the waste synthetic resin, characterized in that it comprises a; step of melting and separating the pulverized waste synthetic resin in a temperature range of several stages. The method of claim 1, The process of melt separation in the temperature range of the various stages a) melt-separating the pulverized waste synthetic resin at a temperature of 100 ° C. or more and less than 140 ° C .; b) melt-separating the waste synthetic resin subjected to the a) process at a temperature of 140 ° C. or more and less than 190 ° C .; c) melt-separating the waste synthetic resin that has passed through the step b) at a temperature of 190 ° C. or more and less than 240 ° C .; d) melt-separating the waste synthetic resin subjected to the b) process at a temperature of 240 ° C. or higher and less than 290 ° C .; And e) melt-separating the waste synthetic resin that has passed through step d) at a temperature of 290 ° C. or higher; Heat separation method of the waste synthetic resin, comprising a. The method of claim 1, The waste synthetic resin is heat separation method of the waste synthetic resin, characterized in that the thermoplastic resin or waste rubber. The method of claim 3, wherein The thermoplastic resin is one from the group consisting of polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin, polyamide resin, ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, polyester resin, polyacetal resin and vinyl Heat separation method of the waste synthetic resin, characterized in that selected above. The method of claim 1, The melt-separating step is a heat separation method of the waste synthetic resin, characterized in that the heating by the liquid organic heat medium. In the heat separation device of waste synthetic resin, An airtight container filled with a heating medium in a predetermined space, a gas cooling tank formed on an upper surface of the airtight container, and a milking tank connected to the gas cooling tank; A waste synthetic resin supply pipe connected to an upper surface of the sealed container and having a conveying screw installed therein for transferring waste synthetic resin; A waste synthetic resin transfer pipe connected to the mixture of the waste synthetic resin and the heat medium and connected to a sealed container in a next step while forming an inclined surface; A synthetic resin collecting pipe having a conveying screw for collecting the synthetic resin filtered through the net and the net installed on the lower surface of the sealed container and connected to the lower part of the net while forming an inclined surface; And A heating device, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller installed on the side of the sealed container; A heat separation apparatus for carrying out the heat separation method of the waste synthetic resin according to claim 1, comprising a.

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