KR20060051035A - Detecting a defect of an object based on a color image of the object - Google Patents

Abstract

The reliability of the defect detection process of the inspection object is improved.

The color image which image | photographed the inspection object containing a through-hole is acquired. The specific area corresponding to the through hole in this color image and the adjacent area around the specific area are acquired. The size of the mask area including the specific area is changed in accordance with the acquired color of the adjacent area. Then, predetermined defect detection processing is performed on the regions other than this mask region.

Through Hole, Inspection Object, Specific Area, Adjacent Area, Mask, Defect, Detection Process

Description

Defect detection by color image of object {DETECTING A DEFECT OF AN OBJECT BASED ON A COLOR IMAGE OF THE OBJECT}

1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a printed circuit board inspection apparatus 100 as an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is an explanatory diagram showing a surface state of a printed circuit board (PCB).

3 is a flowchart showing the procedure of defect detection processing of the printed circuit board PCB in the first embodiment.

4 is an explanatory diagram showing an acquisition form of an adjacent region.

5 is an explanatory diagram showing a setting form of a special processing region.

6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of defect detection processing on a printed circuit board in which there is no defect in the special processing region.

7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of defect detection processing on a printed circuit board having a defect in a special processing region.

FIG. 8: is explanatory drawing which shows the result of having performed the defect processing detection process with respect to the printed circuit board (PCB) without a defect.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure of defect detection processing of the printed circuit board PCB in the second embodiment.

10 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of setting an adjacent region using a boundary region.

[Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawing]

20 light sources, 30 imaging units,

40 computers, 50 external storage

100 printed board inspection system, 210 image acquisition unit

220 hole area acquisition unit, 230 adjacent area acquisition unit

240 special processing area setting unit, 250 special processing area inspection unit,

260 Non-mask area inspection, PCB printed board.

TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to the technique of detecting the defect of a test | inspection object using a color image.

The printed circuit board for constituting the electronic circuit is provided with through holes for conduction between layers and insertion of parts, and substrate holes for cutting and positioning the printed circuit board. In such a printed circuit board, the variation of the thickness of the resist around the through hole increases, and the color may change on an image of the printed board. Therefore, when the printed circuit board is inspected by an image inspection apparatus, the area corresponding to the hole and the portion having a predetermined width around the hole among the images photographing the printed board is excluded from the inspection object. General (the area excluded from the inspection object is generally called a "mask area").

[Patent Document 1] Publication No. 2500961

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-288739

[Patent Document 3] Publication No. 11-316193

[Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-259667

However, if the area corresponding to the hole and the portion having a constant width around the hole is uniformly used as the mask area, there may be a case where a defect existing in the periphery of the substrate hole rather than the through hole may not be detected. On the other hand, if only the area corresponding to the hole is used as the mask area, there is a possibility that even a printed board without a defect may be mistaken as a defect due to a change in color that can be tolerated by variations in resist thickness around the through hole. That is, when defect detection was performed by analyzing the color image obtained by imaging a printed circuit board, there existed a problem of misrecognizing the presence or absence of a defect.

The above-mentioned problem was not limited to the inspection by the image inspection apparatus of a printed board, but was generally a problem common to the inspection using the color image of the inspection object.

This invention is made | formed in order to solve the conventional subject mentioned above, and an object of this invention is to improve the reliability of the defect detection process of a test object.

In order to achieve at least part of the above object, the method of the present invention is a method of detecting a defect of the inspection object by using a color image photographing an inspection object including a through-hole, (a) the color image A process of acquiring a specific region corresponding to the through hole in the process; (b) a process of acquiring an adjacent region around the specific region; (c) a process of setting a mask region including the specific region; and d) performing a predetermined defect detection process on an area other than the mask area in the color image, wherein the size of the mask area is changed according to the color of the adjacent area.

According to this configuration, since the size of the mask area is changed according to the color of the adjacent area, the reliability of the defect detection process of the inspection object can be improved.

The mask area has a special processing area including the specific area and the periphery of the specific area, and the method includes (e) a special defect processing for the special processing area that is different from the predetermined defect detection process. It may be further provided with the process of performing the process.

According to this configuration, a defect appearing in the mask region can be detected.

The method further includes (f) setting a real color range representing a range of colors that the special processing region can take within a predetermined color space, and a non-real color range other than the real color range. The step (e) includes the (e1) the special processing by determining whether the color of each pixel constituting the special processing region belongs to one of the real color range and the non-real color range. It is characterized by including the process of detecting the defect in an area | region.

According to this structure, the defect of the special process area which satisfy | fills a predetermined condition can be detected.

The step (f) includes a step of preparing a master image which is a standard color image of the inspection object, and a range of a part of the predetermined color space including colors of pixels constituting the special processing region in the master image. May be set to the actual color range.

According to this configuration, since the actual color range can be set from the color of the pixel in the special processing area of the master image, setting of the actual color range becomes easy.

The step (f) takes an arbitrary color in the predetermined color space as an input, and a lookup table for outputting a value indicating whether the arbitrary color belongs to the real color range or the non-real color range. The process (e1) includes the process of making it, and a process of determining whether the color of each said pixel belongs to one of the said real color range and the said non-real color range with reference to the said lookup table, Also good.

According to this configuration, it can be determined by referring to the lookup table whether or not the color of the pixel in the special processing region belongs to the actual color range, so that the inspection of the special processing region can be performed at a higher speed.

The step (b) comprises: (b1) acquiring a boundary area around the specific area; and (b2) when the color of the boundary area satisfies a predetermined condition, including the boundary area; And acquiring the adjacent region larger than the region, and (b3) setting the size of the mask region to a predetermined size when the color of the boundary region does not satisfy the predetermined condition. Also good.

According to this configuration, when the color of the border region does not satisfy a predetermined condition, the size of the mask region is changed in accordance with the color of the adjacent region, so that the amount of image processing in the adjacent region can be reduced.

The predetermined condition is a condition that a pixel having a predetermined first color range exists in the boundary region, and the step (c) is performed when the color of the pixel in the adjacent region is other than the predetermined second color range. May include a step of enlarging the mask region rather than the case of the second color range.

According to this configuration, the size of the mask region can be set more appropriately.

The inspection object may be a printed board.

According to this structure, the reliability of the defect detection process of a printed board can be improved.

In addition, the present invention can be realized in various aspects, for example, a defect detection method and apparatus for an inspection object, an image inspection method and apparatus using the detection result, and a computer for realizing the functions of the various methods or apparatuses thereof. A program, a recording medium on which the computer program is recorded, and a data signal embodied in a carrier wave including the computer program can be realized.

Next, the best mode for implementing this invention is demonstrated in the following order based on an Example.

A. First Embodiment

B. Second Embodiment

C. Modifications:

A. First Embodiment

1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a printed circuit board inspection apparatus 100 as an embodiment of the present invention. The printed circuit board inspection apparatus 100 includes a light source 20 for illuminating a printed circuit board PCB, an imaging unit 30 for photographing an image of the printed circuit board PCB, and a computer for controlling the entire apparatus ( 40). The computer 40 is connected to an external storage device 50 that stores various data and computer programs.

The computer 40 includes an image acquisition unit 210, a hole area acquisition unit 220, an adjacent area acquisition unit 230, a special processing area setting unit 240, a special processing area inspection unit 250, And the non-mask area inspection unit 260. The functions of these parts are realized by the computer 40 executing a computer program stored in the external storage device 50.

FIG. 2: is explanatory drawing which shows the shape of the printed circuit board (PCB) which is an inspection object. Five through-holes TH1 to TH5 and substrate holes HL used for cutting the printed circuit board PCB are provided in the printed circuit board PCB. The surface of the printed circuit board (PCB) includes a silk printing area (RSG) in which white letters are silk-printed on the substrate base, a gold plating area (RGP) in which gold plating is applied, and a substrate base to which the substrate base is exposed. The region RSB, a base resist region RBR coated with a resist on a substrate base, and a pattern resist region RPR coated with a resist on a copper wiring pattern are included. Moreover, in the area | region where the resist was apply | coated on the pattern of the copper wiring, the periphery of the through hole TH5 becomes thin resist area RTR with a thin resist.

In general, in a printed circuit board (PCB), depending on the resist coating step, the thickness of the resist becomes unstable around the through hole, and the thickness of the surrounding resist may be different for each through hole. Therefore, even in a printed circuit board (PCB) without a defect, as shown in FIG. 2, a region where the resist is thin may occur around the through hole. Therefore, the allowable range of the thickness of the resist around the through hole is set wider than that of the other region to which the resist is applied, and the presence of a region where the resist is thin, such as the thin resist region RTR, is allowed. The thin resist region RTR is different in color, as will be described later due to variations in the thickness of the resist even in a printed substrate without a defect. That is, the thin resist region RTR adjacent to the through hole is a region wider than the region where the allowable range of color is different.

3 is a flowchart showing a procedure of detecting a defect of a printed circuit board (PCB) in the first embodiment. In step S100, the image acquisition unit 210 (FIG. 1) acquires a color image of the printed circuit board PCB from the imaging unit 30.

In step S100, the image acquisition unit 210 executes a smoothing process (varying process) on the acquired color image as necessary. In the smoothing process, various smoothing filters, such as a median filter, a Gaussian filter, and a moving average, can be used. By performing this smoothing process, since the peculiar pixel which exists in image data can be removed, image data with few waste (noise component) can be obtained. In addition, when the process after step S200 is performed with respect to the image acquired previously, image data is read from the external memory | storage device 50 (FIG. 1) in step S100.

FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing the shape of the color image IM photographing the printed circuit board PCB (FIG. 2). The color image IM includes a black area BK, a white area WH, a gold area GL, a brown area BR, a dark green area GD, and a light green area GB. It is included. In addition, in this specification, these image areas BK, WH, GL, BR, GD, GB are collectively called "color area."

On the color image IM, the through holes TH1 to TH5 and the substrate hole HL are represented by the black region BK since the hole is opened in the substrate. The silk printing region RSG, the gold plating region RGP, and the substrate base region RSB each have a white region WH, a gold region GL, and a brown region BR depending on the color of the surface material. It is expressed as The base resist region RBR is represented by the dark green region GD because green resist is applied to the brown substrate base, and the pattern resist region RRP has the same copper wiring pattern under the resist. As a result, it is represented by the light green region GB having a higher luminance than the base resist region RBR. The thin resist region RTR with a thin resist on the pattern is represented by the gold region GL because the color of the copper wiring appears.

In addition, in the color image photographing the actual printed circuit board PCB, the gold region GL corresponding to the thin resist region RTR and the light green region GB corresponding to the pattern resist region RRP around it The boundaries between and are not clearly divided, but in Fig. 4A, for convenience of illustration, these gold regions GL and light green regions GB are depicted as being separated as different color regions.

In step S200 of FIG. 3, the hole area acquisition part 220 acquires the hole area | region which represents the hole provided in the printed circuit board PCB by extracting the black area | region BK in the color image IM. The black region BK can be extracted as an area whose luminance value of each pixel constituting the color image IM is equal to or less than a predetermined luminance threshold. The predetermined luminance threshold used for the extraction of the black region BK can be set, for example, by histogram analysis on the luminance value.

In the present embodiment, the black region BK is extracted based on the luminance value of each pixel, but the black region BK can be extracted by another method. Extraction of the black region BK can also be performed by region-dividing the color image IM into a plurality of predetermined representative color regions including black, and extracting a region in which the representative color of the divided regions is black. have. The area division of the color image IM obtains, for example, a distance index value representing a distance in a predetermined color space between the color of each pixel of the color image IM and a plurality of representative colors, and the distance index value is minimum. Each pixel can be classified into an area of the representative color to be used. As the distance index value, for example, the Euclidean distance when the RGB color space is viewed from the three-dimensional Euclidean space and the color difference ΔE in the L * a * b * space can be used. The area dividing method of the color image IM may be any area dividing method for classifying each pixel into a plurality of representative colors. For example, the area dividing method of the color image IM can also be performed by the method disclosed in the above-described patent document 3 and patent document 4.

In this embodiment, the hole area is obtained by extracting the black area BK in the color image IM, but the image area corresponding to the hole provided in the printed board PCB is obtained by another method. You may also For example, it is also possible to acquire the hole area from the position and size of the hole included in the design data (CAD data) used for forming the through hole or the substrate hole. In addition, it is also possible to photograph the printed board (PCB) illuminated from the surface opposite to the imaging unit 30, and to set the region of high brightness of the photographed image as the hole region.

FIG.4 (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement | positioning of a hole area | region acquired in step S200. As shown in FIG. 4B, by extracting the black region BK from the color image IM, the image regions SR1 to SR5 corresponding to the through holes TH1 to TH5 and the substrate hole ( Image area SR6 corresponding to HL is obtained. Each of the image areas SR1 to SR6 thus obtained becomes a hole area.

In step S300 of FIG. 3, the adjacent area acquisition unit 230 acquires an adjacent area adjacent to the hole areas SR1 to SR6. The adjacent area acquisition unit 230 performs an enlargement process for enlarging the hole areas SR1 to SR6 acquired in step S200 to a predetermined enlargement width (for example, 5 pixels). The area enlarged by the enlargement process becomes an adjacent area. As the enlargement width, in addition to the predetermined setting value, a designated value input by the user, a setting value calculated based on CAD data, or the like can be used. It is also possible to set the enlargement width individually for each hole area.

In addition, as an enlargement process of a hole area | region, arbitrary processes are applicable as long as the area | region produced | generated by the enlargement process contains a hole area | region and can produce a larger area | region than a hole area | region. As such a process, for example, when any one of eight neighborhoods of each pixel belongs to the hole area, an expansion process for setting the pixel to belong to the hole area or n (n is an integer of 1 or more) is executed. An n stage expansion treatment can be used. It is also possible to use the process of acquiring the outline of the hole area and enlarging the outline.

FIG. 4C is an explanatory diagram showing how the adjacent regions are acquired. The area ER1 is generated by the adjacent area acquisition unit 230 performing an enlargement process on the hole area SR1. The enlarged region (region ER1-region SR1) by this enlargement process becomes the adjacent region NR1 of the hole region SR1. Similarly, the regions NR2 to NR6 excluding the hole regions SR2 to SR6 from the regions ER2 to ER6 generated by the enlargement process of the hole regions SR2 to SR6, that is, the region NR2 enlarged by the enlargement process. NR6 is an adjacent region of the hole regions SR2 to SR6.

In step S400 of FIG. 3, the special processing region setting unit 240 determines whether to set a special processing region for performing a special defect detection process according to the color of the pixel included in each adjacent region. Specifically, when a pixel of a predetermined color (gold in this embodiment) is present in an adjacent area of a hole area, a special processing area is set around the hole area.

5 is an explanatory diagram showing a setting form of a special processing region. FIG. 5A shows a color image IM photographing a printed board PCB (FIG. 2). 5A and 4A are the same. FIG. 5B shows the arrangement of the adjacent regions NR1 to NR6 and the color region to which these regions NR1 to NR6 belong. 5C shows the arrangement of the special processing areas PR2, PR3, PR5 set in step S400. 5B and 5C show the boundary of the color gamut shown in FIG. 5A.

As shown in FIG. 5B, since the adjacent region NR1 of the hole region SR1 is included in the dark green region GD, no golden pixel exists in the adjacent region NR1. Therefore, no special processing area is set in the hole area SR1. Meanwhile, the adjacent region NR2 of the hole region SR2 is included in the gold region GL. Therefore, gold pixels exist in the adjacent region NR2, and the special processing region PR2 is set in the hole region SR2 (Fig. 5 (c)). Similarly, special processing regions PR3 and PR5 are set in the hole regions SR3 and SR5 in which gold pixels exist in the adjacent regions NR3 and NR5. On the other hand, since no golden pixel exists in the adjacent areas NR4 and SR6, no special processing area is set in the hole areas SR4 and SR6.

The special processing area is set by the enlargement process of the hole area like the adjacent area. In the example of FIG. 5C, the special processing region setting unit 240 performs the enlargement process of the hole region SR2. Then, the area PR2 enlarged by the enlargement process is set as a special processing area corresponding to the hole area SR2. The same applies to the other hole regions SR3 and SR5.

In addition, in Fig. 5C, the special processing areas PR2, PR3, PR5 are depicted larger than the adjacent areas NR2, NR3, NR5. However, the relationship between the special processing area and the adjacent area is arbitrarily small. Can be set.

In step S500 of FIG. 3, the special processing area inspecting unit 250 detects a defect in each special processing area. Specifically, it is judged whether or not the color of the pixel in the special processing region is included in the allowable range of the color. If the colors of all the pixels in the special processing area are within the allowable range, it is determined that the special processing area is free of defects. If there are pixels of a color outside the allowable range in the special processing area, It is determined that the special processing area is defective.

6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of defect detection processing in a printed circuit board (PCB) without a defect in a special processing region. Fig. 6A shows the shape of the special processing region of the printed circuit board PCB. 6B shows the color distribution of each pixel in the special processing area PR5 of the printed circuit board PCB. In addition, in FIG. 6B, for convenience of illustration, a point of expressing the color of each pixel in a two-dimensional color space (hereinafter also referred to as an "RB color space") composed of two color components, an R component and a B component, is represented. Depicted by a black circle.

As shown in FIG. 6A, in the printed circuit board PCB, both of the two special processing regions PR2 and PR3 corresponding to the two hole regions SR2 and SR3 are located in the gold region GL. Included. On the other hand, the special processing area PR5 corresponding to the hole area SR5 spans two color gamuts, the gold area GL and the light green area GB. As described above, since the boundary between these two color gamuts GL and GB is not clear from the color image photographing the actual printed circuit board PCB, the color of the pixel in the special processing area PR5 is bright from gold. It changes continuously until green. Therefore, as for the point which shows the color of the pixel in the special process area | region PR5, as shown to FIG. 6 (b), the range of a part in the RB color space which covers the range which expresses green and the range which expresses gold ( XR) (hereinafter also referred to as "real color range XR").

As shown in FIG. 6, when the colors of all the pixels in the special processing region PR5 belong to the actual color range XR, the special processing region inspection unit 250 determines that the special processing region PR5 is free of defects. do. In other special processing areas PR2 and PR3, the presence or absence of a defect is determined by whether or not the color of the pixel in the special processing area is included in the actual color range set for each special processing area.

In addition, in this embodiment, whether or not the color of each pixel in the special processing area PR5 belongs to the actual color range XR is generated in advance before the inspection of the individual substrates and stored in the external storage device 50. It is determined by referring to a lookup table (LUT). Here, the lookup table (LUT) is a value indicating whether or not an individual color belongs to the actual color range (XR) when an RGB value (also called an "input point") indicating an individual color in the RGB color space is input (for example, Is 1 if it belongs to the actual color range (XR), and 0 if it does not belong.

The lookup table LUT is generated based on the color (hereinafter, also referred to as "real color") of each pixel in the special processing area of the master image, using a master image which is a color image photographing a printed board without defects. . Specifically, the lookup table LUT is generated by generating a lookup table that outputs 0 for all input points and changing the output value corresponding to the color of each pixel of the special processing region of the master image to 1. do. In this way, by rewriting the output value of the lookup table, the color range having the output value of 1 becomes the actual color range XR. After generating the lookup table (LUT), for each input point of the lookup table (LUT), the output value corresponding to the input point is changed to 1 when one of the output values near 8 of the input point is 1. It is preferable to perform an expansion treatment. By performing this expansion process, it is possible to include in the actual color range XR a color which may exist in a defect-free printed circuit board (PCB), which does not appear in a special processing region of the master image.

The lookup table LUT in this embodiment outputs a value (real color flag) indicating whether or not the individual color belongs to the real color range. However, the output value of the lookup table indicates whether the individual color belongs to the real color range. It may be any value that can be determined. For example, a value (color number) indicating which color in the color space belongs to an area representing a color space and a value generated from an actual color flag can be used as output values of a lookup table.

In the present embodiment, it is determined by referring to the lookup table (LUT) whether or not the color of the pixel in the special processing region is within the allowable color range, but other methods may be used. For example, if the upper limit value and the lower limit value are set for each RGB component, and each RGB component value of the pixel in the special processing region is between the upper limit value and the lower limit value, it is determined that the color of the pixel is an acceptable color range. You may do it.

7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of defect detection processing in a printed circuit board (PCB) having a defect in a special processing region. As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7A shows the shape of the special processing region of the printed circuit board PCB, and FIG. 7B shows each of the special processing regions PR5 of the printed circuit board PCB. The color distribution of the pixel is shown.

In the example shown in FIG. 7A, two image areas DF1 and DF2 (also referred to as "defective image areas") exist in the special processing area PR5 indicating two defects. These defective image areas DF1 and DF2 are different from the colors appearing in the special processing area PR5 of the defect-free printed circuit board PCB, as represented by the black triangle and the black square in FIG. It has a different color. In this way, in the printed circuit board PCB having a defect in the special processing region, the special processing region PR5 is represented by a black triangle and a black square in addition to the pixels of the color belonging to the actual color range XR represented by the black circle. It has the pixel of the color which does not belong to the actual color range XR. Therefore, the special processing area inspection unit 250 determines that the special processing area PR5 is defective.

In step S600 of FIG. 3, the non-mask area inspection unit 260 removes the special processing area and the hole area (these areas are referred to as "mask areas") from the color image IM (other than the mask). Defect in the area) is detected. Specifically, for example, regions other than the mask are divided into regions, and the presence or absence of a defect in the printed circuit board (PCB) is determined based on the position and the shape of the representative color region on the region division result. In the area other than the mask, since the special processing area having a wide allowable range of colors is excluded from the color image IM, highly reliable defect detection can be performed by area division.

FIG. 8: is explanatory drawing which shows the result of having performed the defect processing detection process with respect to the printed circuit board (PCB) without a defect. In a comparative example in which no special processing region is set, as shown in FIG. 8A, the color of the thin resist region RTR becomes the gold region GL by region division. Therefore, it is judged that the area | region to which the resist which became originally green was apply | coated is gold, and the thin resist area | region RTR is detected as a defect. On the other hand, in this embodiment, a special defect with respect to the thin resist area | region RTR is Since the detection process is performed, the thin resist region RTR is not detected as a defect.

Thus, in this embodiment, since the adjacent area is provided around the hole area, and the mask area including the hole area is enlarged when the adjacent area contains a specific color, the thin resist area adjacent to the hole area ( The possibility of misrecognizing RTR) as a defect can be reduced. In addition, since a special processing area is provided around the hole area and a defect of the special processing area is detected, a defect existing around the hole area can be detected.

B. Second Embodiment

9 is a flowchart showing a procedure of detecting a defect of a printed circuit board (PCB) in the second embodiment. The flowchart of FIG. 9 differs from the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 in that two steps S310 and S320 are added between steps S200 and S300. Other than that is the same as FIG.

In step S310, the adjacent region acquisition unit 230 (FIG. 1) acquires the boundary region by the enlargement process of the hole region. In step S320, the necessity and necessity of determining the setting of the special processing region using the adjacent region is determined according to the color of the boundary region.

Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the setting of the setting of the adjacent region using the boundary region. Fig. 10A shows the arrangement of the color gamut in the vicinity of two hole areas SR1 and SR3. The adjacent area acquisition unit 230 (Fig. 1) acquires the boundary areas TR1 and TR3 by the enlargement process of the hole areas SR1 and SR3. When a pixel of a predetermined color (for example, gold color) exists in the boundary regions TR1 and TR3, it is determined that a special processing region needs to be set, and an adjacent region is set around the hole regions SR1 and SR3. do. The same processing is also performed for the other hole regions.

FIG. 10B shows the arrangement of the adjacent areas set using the boundary areas TR1 and TR3. In the example of FIG. 10, since no golden pixel exists in the boundary region TR1 (included in the dark green region GD), no adjacent region is set in the hole region SR1. On the other hand, since the golden pixel exists in the boundary region TR3 (included in the gold region GL), the adjacent region NR3 is set in the hole region SR3. As shown in FIG. 10B, the adjacent region NR3 is set to be larger than the boundary region TR3.

Thus, in the second embodiment, the necessity and necessity of the determination of the setting of the special processing area are determined according to the color of the boundary area, and the setting of the special processing area using the adjacent area is made only for the hole area for which the setting determination of the special processing area is required. By determining the presence or absence, the image processing amount of the adjacent area can be reduced.

C. Modifications:

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example and embodiment, It can implement in various aspects in the range which does not deviate from the summary, For example, the following modification is also possible.

C1. Modification 1:

In each of the above embodiments, the special processing area is set around the hole area, but a specific area other than the hole area can be extracted and a special processing area can be set around the hole area. In this case, the specific area can be obtained by extraction of the area of the specific color generated by area division of the color image IM, acquisition of the position or shape of the specific area in the CAD data. In addition, it is preferable to select a region having a predetermined color (for example, black) from the color image as the specific region.

C2. Modification 2:

In each of the above embodiments, the necessity and unnecessaryness of the special processing region are determined by whether or not pixels of a specific color are included in the adjacent region. In general, the necessity and need of the special processing region is determined according to the color of the adjacent region. Can be. Specifically, in the case where the color of each pixel in the adjacent region is outside the predetermined color distribution range within the predetermined color space, it is also possible to set a special processing region. It is also possible to set a special processing area when the adjacent area extends over two or more representative color areas of the predetermined plurality of representative color areas. Here, the "representative color area" is an area on the image corresponding to each representative color generated from the color image by area division using a plurality of representative colors. In this case, whether or not the adjacent area spans two or more representative color areas can be pre-divided into a color image, and it can be determined whether the number of representative color areas included in the adjacent area is two or more.

C3. Modification 3:

In each of the above embodiments, in step S500 of FIG. 3, the special processing region inspection unit 250 (FIG. 1) performs the defect detection processing in the special processing region. However, the defect detection processing in the special processing region may be omitted. That is, the mask area which uses the special processing area and the hole area together is not subjected to defect detection processing, and the area other than the mask area is subjected to defect detection processing.

C4. Modification 4:

In each of the above embodiments, the mask area (= hole area + special processing area) is set according to the necessity and unnecessaryness of the special processing area determined for each hole area. You can change the size. In this case, the mask area is preferably set large when the pixels of a specific color are included in the adjacent area, and set small when the pixels of a particular color are not included in the adjacent area.

C5. Variation 5:

In each of the above embodiments, the special processing area is set using the hole area. However, the area satisfying the predetermined condition may be set as the special processing area regardless of the hole area. The region satisfying the predetermined condition may be, for example, a region having a predetermined position or shape, or a region having a predetermined color around the hole region, such as the gold-plated region RGP of the printed circuit board PCB.

C6. Variation 6:

The setting of the special processing area according to the present invention and the detection of defects in the special processing area are not limited to a printed board, but any object having an image area having different allowable ranges of colors on the color image photographing the inspection object. It is applicable to the defect detection of. For example, the present invention can also be applied to defect detection of these inspection objects using color images obtained by photographing inspection objects such as patterned semiconductor wafers and machine parts having complex shapes.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the size of the mask area is changed according to the color of the adjacent area, there is an effect that the reliability of the defect detection process of the inspection object can be improved.

Moreover, according to this invention, there exists an effect that the defect shown in the mask area can be detected.

Moreover, according to this invention, there also exists an effect that the defect of the special process area which satisfy | fills a predetermined condition can be detected.

Further, according to the present invention, since the actual color range can be set from the color of the pixel in the special processing area of the master image, there is an effect that the setting of the actual color range becomes easy.

In addition, according to the present invention, since it is possible to determine whether or not the color of the pixel in the special processing region belongs to the actual color range by referring to the lookup table, the effect of inspecting the special processing region can be performed at a higher speed. have.

Further, according to the present invention, when the color of the border region does not satisfy a predetermined condition, the size of the mask region is changed according to the color of the neighbor region, so that the amount of image processing of the neighbor region can be reduced.

And according to this invention, there exists an effect that the size of a mask area | region can be set more appropriately.

Moreover, according to this invention, there also exists an effect that the reliability of the defect detection process of a printed board can be improved.

Claims (13)

As a method of detecting a defect of an inspection object by using a color image photographing an inspection object including a through hole, (a) obtaining a specific area corresponding to the through hole in the color image; (b) acquiring adjacent regions around the specific region; (c) setting a mask region including the specific region; (d) a step of performing a predetermined defect detection process on an area other than the mask area in the color image, And a size of the mask region is changed according to a color of the adjacent region. The method of claim 1, The mask area has the specific area and a special processing area including the periphery of the specific area, The method, (e) A method for detecting a defect of an inspection object further comprising a step of performing a special defect processing different from the predetermined defect detection process in the special processing region. The method of claim 2, (f) further comprising a step of setting a real color range representing a range of colors that the special processing region can take within a predetermined color space and a non-real color range other than the real color range. Doing The step (e), (e1) An inspection comprising detecting a defect in the special processing region by determining whether the color of each pixel constituting the special processing region belongs to one of the real color range and the non-real color range. Method of detecting defects of an object. The method of claim 3, wherein The step (f), Preparing a master image which is a standard color image of the inspection object; And a step of setting a range of a part of the predetermined color space including the color of the pixels constituting the special processing area in the master image as the actual color range. The method of claim 3, wherein The step (f) takes an arbitrary color in the predetermined color space as an input, and a lookup table for outputting a value indicating whether the arbitrary color belongs to the real color range or the non-real color range. Including the process of creating, The step (e1) includes a step of determining whether a color of each pixel belongs to one of the real color range and the non-real color range with reference to the lookup table. The method of claim 5, wherein The step (f), Preparing a master image which is a standard color image of the inspection object; And a step of setting a range of a part of the predetermined color space including the color of the pixels constituting the special processing area in the master image as the actual color range. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The step (b), (b1) obtaining a boundary area around the specific area; (b2) when the color of the boundary region satisfies a predetermined condition, acquiring the adjacent region including the boundary region and larger than the boundary region; and (b3) if the color of the border region does not satisfy the predetermined condition, setting a size of the mask region to a predetermined size. The method of claim 7, wherein The predetermined condition is a condition that a pixel having a predetermined first color range exists in the boundary region. The step (c) includes a step of making the mask area larger than the case of the second color range when the color of the pixel in the adjacent region is outside the second predetermined color range. How to detect. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, And said defect to be inspected is a printed circuit board. An apparatus for detecting a defect of an inspection object by using a color image photographing an inspection object including a through hole, A specific area acquisition unit for acquiring a specific area corresponding to the through hole in the color image; An adjacent area acquisition unit for acquiring adjacent areas around the specific area; A mask region setting unit for setting a mask region including the specific region; An inspection part other than the mask area for performing a predetermined defect detection process on an area other than the mask area in the color image, And an apparatus for detecting a defect of an inspection object whose size of the mask region is changed according to the color of the adjacent region. The method of claim 10, The mask area has the specific area and a special processing area including the periphery of the specific area, The device, An apparatus for detecting a defect of an inspection object further comprising a special processing region inspection unit that performs a special defect processing different from the predetermined defect detection process in the special processing region. The method of claim 11, And a real color range setting section for setting a real color range representing a range of colors that the special processing region can take and a non-real color range other than the real color range in a predetermined color space. The special processing region inspecting unit detects a defect in the special processing region by determining whether the color of each pixel constituting the special processing region belongs to one of the real color range and the non-real color range. An apparatus for detecting a defect of an inspection object having a processing area color plate unit. The method of claim 12, The real color range setting unit inputs an arbitrary color in the predetermined color space, and outputs a lookup table that outputs a value indicating whether the arbitrary color belongs to the real color range or the non-real color range. It has lookup table creation part to make, The special processing region color judgment unit detects a defect of an inspection object having a lookup table reference section for determining whether the color of each pixel belongs to one of the real color range and the non-real color range with reference to the lookup table. Device.

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