KR20060046844A - Light valve having movable thin film and display apparatus using thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light valve, and more particularly, to a light valve using a light guide consisting of an opaque movable thin film and an inclined wall surface.

The light valve according to the present invention includes a substrate on which a light guide path including a wall surface formed as an inclined surface is formed, an upper electrode formed to face the substrate on which the light guide path is formed, a lower electrode formed on an inclined wall surface of the light guide path, and on the substrate. One end is attached, the movable thin film formed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, the first insulating film formed to prevent an electrical short between the lower electrode and the movable thin film, and to prevent an electrical short between the upper electrode and the movable thin film And a second insulating film formed to move to the upper electrode side or the lower electrode side according to an applied voltage between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or between the upper electrode and the movable thin film to open and close the light guide path.

Flat panel, display, movable thin film, inclined wall, light guide, light valve, array, backlight,

Description

Light valve having movable thin film and display apparatus using             

1 shows an open / closed state of a light valve having a movable thin film according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 shows an open / closed state of a light valve having a movable thin film according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 shows an open / closed state of a light valve having a movable thin film according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 shows an open / closed state of a light valve having a movable thin film according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows an open / closed state of a light valve having a movable thin film according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

6 illustrates an example in which a lens is formed in an opening through which light is incident on an optical valve having a movable thin film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention to increase light utilization efficiency.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of obtaining a parallel ray at a portion of light emitted by forming a lens in an opening through which light is emitted from a light valve having a movable thin film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 illustrates a light valve having a movable thin film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in a two-dimensional arrangement.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

10: substrate 20: light guide

30: lower electrode 40: upper electrode

50: movable thin film 60: black matrix portion

70: incision 80, 81: lens

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light valve and a flat panel display device, and more particularly, to a light valve using a light guide consisting of an opaque movable thin film and an inclined wall, and an application device thereof. The present invention relates to a movable thin film light valve providing a light opening / closing means having a new structure that can replace the role of a flat panel display device using the same.

As is well known, liquid crystal displays require backlight because they do not emit light, but they have low power consumption and low power consumption, and are widely used as portable portable displays. STN (Super Twisted Nematic) LCD Thin film transistor (TFT) LCD, organic EL (organic electroluminescent device), and the like.

The operation principle of the LCD uses the light of the backlight light source that is turned on / off by the LCD cell. In other words, the light has a wave in a certain direction, and when the wave reaches the polarizer vertically, the light does not pass, but only when the wave reaches horizontally. Therefore, the LCD arranges liquid crystal molecules in a constant direction by an electric field, and in this case, selectively passes light having a wave in a constant direction.

Due to the molecular structure, the liquid crystal is linearly arranged by an electric field, and due to mechanical properties, the liquid crystals can be rotated in increments of 90 degrees between layers. This 90 degree unit rotation array is called TN (Twisted Nematic), 270 degree unit rotation array is called STN (Super Twisted Nematic). When two layers of layers are interposed between the liquid crystals in the shape of rods, the amount of light passing through the liquid crystals is rearranged according to the direction of the electric fields.

The liquid crystal display has many advantages compared to a light emitting display such as a CRT or a plasma display, but it is a problem to improve performances that are considered inferior to a light emitting display.

Next-generation displays are expected to rapidly increase the amount of information to be processed to express high-definition, 3D images, etc. It is difficult to expect good performance when using a slow response LCD. Therefore, the next generation display for replacing the existing display device is actively researched.

Hereinafter, problems such as utilization efficiency of backlight energy, operating characteristics (moving characteristics), viewing angles, darkroom contrast, and luminance of the liquid crystal display that require improvement will be described in order.

The utilization efficiency of the backlight energy of the liquid crystal display is very low, 10% or less. This is because the light emitted from the backlight is absorbed and lost by the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal, the alignment film, and the color filter.

Increasing the power consumption in order to brighten a large liquid crystal screen at a time when the liquid crystal display is encroaching on the large display market becomes a problem as the liquid crystal display becomes larger. Therefore, improving the utilization efficiency of the backlight and improving the transmittance of the liquid crystal display remain a problem to be solved in order to realize a large liquid crystal display.

Regarding the operation characteristic (motion picture characteristic), the response time first cuts one frame in every gradation. This is technically already reached.

However, if the hold mode is used, the response time of the entire gray level is less than 8ms, which is half of one frame, and thus the dramatic assimilation can not be improved. This is a problem specific to hold mode. In order to solve this problem, a solution such as driving a backlight and a black signal between frames has already been proposed. However, this is accompanied by an increase in power consumption, a price increase due to an increase in the number of lamps, a decrease in contrast, and flickering. The advantages of a mild liquid crystal display in the human eye are lost. Also, the image quality seen from the front side is reduced. It is undesirable to improve the assimilation performance while compromising the advantages of conventional liquid crystal displays. There is a need to meet performance in other directions.

In addition, it is one of the biggest problems that the liquid crystal display has a viewing angle characteristic. Although there is a level difference, it is a common problem for all liquid crystals of VA, IPS, and OCB, and unfortunately this cannot be solved by current technology. On the issue of viewing angle, it can be said that the emergence of new technology is urgently required.

The darkroom contrast of the liquid crystal display is currently 500: 1. Clear contrast is already at a level above any other display. Contrast up to about 800: 1 is required for the darkroom contrast of the liquid crystal display to be comparable to that of the CRT. For the first time, increasing the contrast, darkening the color of the color filter comes to life. When the darkroom contrast is about 800: 1, it is comparable to the CRT in terms of display quality in the darkroom including color. In terms of darkroom contrast, VA is the most advantageous among various liquid crystal modes, but a new breakthrough is required to reach the 800: 1 level.

The luminance of the liquid crystal display is currently 450-500 cd / m ^2, but considerable effort is required to increase it to 800 cd / m ² , comparable to the peak luminance of the CRT. However, it is not desirable to increase the power consumption to make it brighter. The problem of increased power consumption becomes a fatal problem as the liquid crystal display becomes larger. Comparing the power consumption of liquid crystals and CRTs, liquid crystals of type 20 or less can be said to be less than half the power consumption of CRTs, but as the size becomes larger, the difference tends to decrease.

In view of this tendency, what is required is an improvement in the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel and an improvement in utilization efficiency of backlight energy. Among the current liquid crystals, TN has the highest transmittance. Compared with this, the lowest transmittance is IPS, which is 50% or less of TN. VA is also 60 ~ 80% lower than TN and OCB is about 60% lower. These will require a transmission of at least on the order of TN in the future. If the transmittance equivalent to TN can be realized, the efficiency of the backlight and the power consumption of less than 1/2 of the CRT can always be expected regardless of the size.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a light valve using a light guide path made of an opaque movable thin film and an inclined wall surface, and a display means having a structure in which the light valves are arranged.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a movable thin film light valve and a display device using the same to solve a low utilization efficiency of backlight energy, a slow operation speed, a narrow viewing angle, a low luminance, and the like.

The light valve having the driving thin film according to the present invention for solving the above problems is a substrate having a light guide path including a wall surface formed with an inclined surface, an upper electrode formed to face the substrate on which the light guide path is formed, A lower electrode formed on the inclined wall surface, one end attached to the substrate, a movable thin film formed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, a first insulating film formed to prevent an electrical short between the lower electrode and the movable thin film; A second insulating film formed between the upper electrode and the movable thin film to prevent an electrical short circuit, and is moved to the upper electrode side or the lower electrode side according to an applied voltage between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or between an upper electrode and the movable thin film to guide the light; It is characterized by opening and closing the furnace.

In addition, a light valve having a driving thin film according to the present invention includes a substrate on which a light guide path including a wall surface formed as an inclined surface is formed, an upper electrode formed opposite to the substrate on which the light guide path is formed, and formed on an inclined wall surface of the light guide path. A movable thin film having one end attached to the lower electrode, the upper electrode and formed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode and formed of an opaque material, a first insulating film formed to prevent an electrical short between the upper electrode and the movable thin film; And a second insulating film formed to prevent an electrical short between the lower electrode and the movable thin film, and moved to the upper electrode side or the lower electrode side according to an applied voltage between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or between the upper electrode and the movable thin film. It has a characteristic of opening and closing the light guide path.

In addition, a display apparatus using a movable thin film light valve according to the present invention includes a substrate having a light guide path including a wall surface formed as an inclined surface, an upper electrode formed to face the substrate on which the light guide path is formed, and an inclined wall surface of the light guide path. A lower electrode formed thereon, one end attached to the substrate, a movable thin film formed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode and formed of an opaque material, and a first insulating film formed to prevent an electrical short between the lower electrode and the movable thin film. And a second insulating film formed to prevent an electrical short between the upper electrode and the movable thin film, and move to the upper electrode side or the lower electrode side according to an applied voltage between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or between the upper electrode and the movable thin film. And a light valve having a movable thin film to open and close the light guide path, wherein the plurality of temporary The light valve having the copper thin film is formed on the substrate in a horizontal arrangement, and is moved and adsorbed to the lower electrode side or the upper electrode side according to the voltage applied state of the lower electrode and the upper electrode to open and close the light guide path. Characterized by passing or blocking the backlight.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a preferred embodiment of a light valve having a movable thin film according to the present invention.

<First Embodiment>

1 is a view showing an open / closed state of a light valve having a movable thin film according to a first embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view showing an open state of the light valve according to the first embodiment of the present invention (b ) Is a vertical sectional view of a-a 'at this time, (c) is a plan view showing a closed state of the light valve according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (d) is a vertical sectional view of b-b' at this time.

As shown, the light valve having the movable thin film according to the first embodiment of the present invention is the substrate 10, the light guide path 20, the lower electrode 30, the insulating film 30a, the upper electrode 40 and the movable Thin film 50.

Here, the substrate 10 may be made of a material having insulation (insulator), semiconductivity (semiconductor), or conductivity (metal or conductive polymer), and when the substrate 10 is a material having semiconductivity or conductivity, An insulating film (not shown) is formed between the substrate 10 and the lower electrode 30 to prevent electrical shorts. In addition, an insulating film 30a for preventing an electrical short is formed between the lower electrode 30 and the movable thin film 50, and an insulating film for preventing an electrical short between the upper electrode 40 and the movable thin film 50 (not shown). This is of course formed.

As shown in (a) and (b), the substrate 10 has a rectangular cross section cut horizontally to the substrate 10 and is cut vertically to the substrate along a horizontal or vertical centerline thereof. Each of these is a trapezoidal shape having both sides of the left and right smoothly curved as shown in the drawing, and the upper opening is a rectangle that is wider than the opening at the bottom, but the center of each of the upper and lower openings is on the same vertical line and becomes thicker and thicker upwards. A light guide path 20 through which light passes through is formed by a through hole of a shape.

The light guide path 20 has a wall surface formed as an inclined surface, and a movable thin film 50 is formed corresponding to each inclined surface.

The lower electrode 30 has the same shape as each of the inclined wall surfaces and is smaller or equal in size, and they are electrically insulated from each other, and are formed on each of the inclined wall surfaces as broadly as possible. Here, the lower electrode 30 is preferably formed as wide as possible on each of the inclined wall surfaces of the light guide path 20. In addition, the lower electrode 30 is preferably formed to extend to a horizontal portion of the upper portion of the substrate 10 for connection with an external driving circuit for voltage application.

The upper electrode 40 is formed in parallel with the horizontal plane of the upper portion of the substrate 10 directly above the wide rectangular opening of the light guide path 20, and the transparent electrode such as ITO, SnO ₂ , ZnO, or the like on a transparent substrate such as glass or polymer. And is supported by a support (not shown) made of an insulator.

The movable thin film 50 is formed on the lower electrode 30, and has the same shape according to the shape of the lower electrode 30, and the edge of the wide opening of the inclined wall surface for the support and the connection with the external driving circuit. One end is attached to the over substrate, and the other end (the inclined wall surface, that is, the remaining portion such as the shape of the lower electrode) is formed to be separated from the inclined wall surface to allow movement.

Here, although not shown, the movable thin film 50 may be formed to open and close the light guide path on a glass substrate or a transparent substrate such as a polymer.

The operation principle of the light valve having the driving thin film according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is as follows.

The movable thin film 50 and the lower electrode 30 or between the movable thin film 50 and the upper electrode 40 are moved to the lower electrode 30 side or the upper electrode 40 side, respectively, depending on the applied voltage to guide the light guide path 20. Open and close.

When a voltage is applied between the lower electrode 30 and the movable thin film 50, the movable thin film 50 moves to the lower electrode 30 to open the light guide path 20, and the upper electrode 40 and the movable thin film ( When the voltage is applied between the 50 and the movable thin film 50 is moved to the upper electrode 40 side, the light guide path 20 is closed.

That is, when a voltage is applied between the lower electrodes 30 and the corresponding movable thin films 50, the movable thin films 50 are adsorbed on the inclined wall surface of the light guide path 20 by an electrostatic force acting therebetween. As a result, the light guide path 20 is opened, that is, a state in which light can pass. In this case, it is preferable to simultaneously apply a voltage between the lower electrode 30 and the movable thin film 50.

Meanwhile, voltage is sequentially applied between the upper electrodes 40 and the movable thin films 50 corresponding thereto, and the movable thin films 50 are sequentially applied to the corresponding upper electrodes 40 by electrostatic force acting therebetween. Each is adsorbed, and the edge portions of the movable thin films 50 overlap each other so that the light guide path 20 is completely closed, that is, a 'closed' state in which light is completely blocked. In addition, even when a voltage is simultaneously applied between each of the upper electrodes 40 and the movable thin films 50, the driving thin film is asymmetrically formed by using circuit lines or other delay means for voltage application or by forming asymmetrical surfaces of the left and right sides. It is also possible for 50 to be adsorbed sequentially so that the light guide path 20 may be in a "closed" state.

According to this configuration, the voltage for driving the movable thin film 50 by the light guide path 20 having the gently inclined wall surface and the lower electrode 30 formed on the wall surface is remarkably compared with the case having the vertical wall surface. It can be lowered. In addition, the direction of incidence of light is characterized in that it does not matter whether a wide opening side or a narrow opening side of the light guide path 20.

In addition, although the cross section cut horizontally on the board | substrate 10 was demonstrated here as an example here, although the cross section cut horizontally on the board | substrate 10 is square, since a component and an operation principle are the same, the description is abbreviate | omitted hereafter. .

Second Embodiment

2 is a view showing an open / closed state of a movable thin film light valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view showing an open state of a movable thin film light valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention, ( b) is a vertical cross section of a-a 'at this time. (c) is a top view which shows the closed state of the movable thin-film light valve which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention, (d) is a vertical sectional view of b-b 'at this time.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in (c) and (d), the movable thin films 50 have a structure in which the edge portions of the movable thin films 50 are in contact with each other without gaps without overlapping each other.

Accordingly, by simultaneously applying a voltage between the upper electrodes 40 and the movable thin films 50, the movable thin films 50 can be in a 'closed' state.

The light valve having the movable thin film according to the second embodiment of the present invention has only a difference between the overlapping or abutting shape of the driving thin film in the 'closed' state as compared with the first embodiment. Since the operation principle is similar to that of the first embodiment, the following description is omitted.

Third Embodiment

3 shows an open / closed state of the movable thin film light valve according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, unlike the first embodiment, the front and rear inclined wall structures are vertical wall structures instead of omitting the front and rear movable thin film blades to reduce the number to 1/2.

Here, (a) is a top view which shows the open state of the light valve which has the drive thin film of this invention, (b) is a vertical sectional view of a-a 'at this time. (c) is a top view which shows the closed state of the light valve which has the drive thin film of this invention, and (d) is a vertical sectional view of b-b 'at this time.

As shown, the cross section cut horizontally on the substrate 10 is rectangular, and the cross section cut perpendicularly to the substrate 10 along the rectangular horizontal centerline has an inverted trapezoidal shape with inclined left and right sides, and along the vertical longitudinal center line of the rectangle. The cross section perpendicular to the substrate is rectangular in shape.

The upper opening is rectangular with wider left and right widths than the lower opening, but the center of each of the upper and lower openings is on the same vertical line. The light guide path 20 which can pass through is formed.

The lower electrode 30 has the same shape and small size as the left and right inclined walls, respectively, and they are electrically insulated from each other. Here, the lower electrode 30 is preferably formed on each of the inclined wall surfaces as wide as possible.

The upper electrode 40 is formed in parallel with the horizontal plane of the upper portion of the substrate 10 directly above the wide rectangular opening of the light guide path 20, and the transparent electrode such as ITO, SnO ₂ , ZnO, or the like on a transparent substrate such as glass or polymer. And is supported by a support (not shown) made of an insulator.

The two movable thin films 50 are formed on the lower electrode 30, and have the same shape according to the shape of the lower electrode 30, and are formed at the wide side openings of the inclined wall for connection with the support and the external driving circuit. One end is attached to a part of the edge, and the other end (the inclined wall surface, that is, the remaining portion such as the shape of the lower electrode) is formed to be separated from the inclined wall surface to allow movement.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the substrate 10 or the upper electrode 40 immediately above the gap between the front and rear vertical walls and the movable thin film 50 to prevent light leakage. It is preferable that the black matrix part 60 is provided.

Hereinafter, since the operation principle of the light valve having the movable thin film according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the first embodiment, it is omitted.

Fourth Example

4 is an open / closed state of a light valve having a movable thin film according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view showing an open state of the light valve having a movable thin film of the present invention, and (b) It is a vertical cross section of a-a 'at this time. (c) is a top view which shows the closed state of the light valve which has a movable thin film of this invention, and (d) is a vertical sectional view of b-b 'at this time.

The light valve having the movable thin film according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention reduces the number of movable thin films to one by omitting the front and rear movable thin films and the right (or left) movable thin film in the first embodiment, and the front and rear and right ( Alternatively, the left) wall structure is formed as a vertical wall surface, and the left (or right) wall structure is formed as an inclined wall surface, thereby making the left and right wall surfaces an asymmetrical structure.

In the fourth embodiment, the left (or right) side is an inclined wall surface, and the right (or left side) is a vertical wall surface, but the vertical wall surface does not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention. Of course.

As shown, according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the wall surfaces on the right and left side of the light guide path 20 are formed asymmetrically to form the movable thin film 50 and the lower electrode 30 on the side of the inclined surface, respectively. In the closed state, the edge of the movable thin film 50 and the vertical wall are almost in contact with each other.

At this time, the black matrix portion 60 is placed over the edge of the movable thin film 50 through the gap to prevent the weak light leaking into the gap generated between the edge of the movable thin film 50 and the vertical wall of the light guide path 20. To extend. The black matrix portion 60 may also be formed on the upper electrode 40.

Hereinafter, since the operation principle of the light valve having the movable thin film according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

Fifth Embodiment

5 is a view showing an open / closed state of a movable thin film light valve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view showing an open state of a light valve having a movable thin film of the present invention, and (b) is a present invention It is a top view which shows the state in which the light valve which has a movable thin film of the closed state.

In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, in order to drive the movable thin films 50 at a lower voltage than the first embodiment, the cutout portion 70 is formed by partially cutting the attachment portions of the movable thin films 50.

By forming in this way, the attachment part of the movable thin film 50 becomes small, and it becomes possible to lower the drive voltage at the time of operation.

At this time, in order to prevent light leakage from the cutout 70, it is preferable to extend the black matrix part 60 shown in FIG. 4 over the cutout.

6 and 7 show an example in which a lens is formed in the movable thin film light valve according to the present invention.

6 illustrates a case in which a lens is installed in the opening 20 through which light is incident to increase light utilization efficiency, and FIGS. 6A and 6B show incidences of wide openings in FIGS. 6A and 6D. Fig. 7 shows the incidence on the narrow opening side, and Fig. 7 shows the case where a lens is provided in front of the opening through which light is emitted to obtain parallel rays from the exit side.

As shown in FIG. 6, the present invention can increase the intensity of light passing through the light guiding path by concentrating incident light by installing a lens 80 in front of the opening of the light incident side. That is, the light utilization efficiency can be improved.

In addition, in FIG. 6, in FIG. 6, the lens 81 is also provided in front of the opening part of the light exit side, and it shows that the emitted light is focused by parallel rays.

8 illustrates an arrangement of a light valve having a movable thin film according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, when the light valves of the present invention are arranged in a two-dimensional arrangement and applied to a display device, red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are formed in one pixel to display color. An example of application when it is intended to be made is shown in a plan view (a) and a vertical cross-sectional view (b).

In addition, a display device using a light valve having a movable thin film according to the present invention, in a flat panel display device using a backlight, a plurality of movable thin film light valves are formed on the substrate in a horizontal arrangement, between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or In accordance with the applied voltage between the upper electrode and the movable thin film is moved to the lower electrode side or the upper electrode side, respectively, to open and close the light guide path to pass or block the backlight.

As described above, the technical idea of the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of example and are not intended to limit the present invention, but do not depart from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Many variations and combinations are possible.

According to the present invention, it is possible to completely block the light, and because the electrode is formed on the inclined wall, it is possible to lower the driving voltage very much, and to provide a light valve which is very fast operating speed of several to several tens of seconds (sec) It becomes possible.

In addition, not only analog driving but also digital driving is possible, and various gray scales of light can be expressed, and when light is collected using a lens, the efficiency of incident light energy can be increased, and a light valve can be provided regardless of the operating temperature. do.

In addition, unlike conventional liquid crystals, liquid crystals, polarizing plates, alignment films, and the like are not required, and thus the use efficiency of light energy is very high. It is possible to fabricate a flat panel display capable of relatively bright color display.

In addition, it is possible to manufacture a flat panel display having a much wider viewing angle than a liquid crystal display, and to produce a projection type display when the light is condensed in parallel by using a lens in the light exiting aperture. It is very fast (10 ^-6 sec) and can be driven digitally, enabling ultra-high definition screens and ultra-fast moving images.

In addition, there is an advantage that can utilize the existing semiconductor process technology and the liquid crystal display manufacturing equipment and process technology as it is.

Claims (21)

A substrate on which a light guide path including a wall surface formed as an inclined surface is formed; An upper electrode formed to face the substrate on which the light guide path is formed; A lower electrode formed on the inclined wall surface of the light guide path; A movable thin film having one end attached to the substrate and formed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode and formed of an opaque material; A first insulating film formed between the lower electrode and the movable thin film to prevent an electrical short circuit; A second insulating film formed between the upper electrode and the movable thin film to prevent an electrical short circuit; And a movable thin film which is moved to the upper electrode side or the lower electrode side according to an applied voltage between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or between the upper electrode and the movable thin film to open and close the light guide path. The method of claim 1, And the light guide path is formed in an inverted trapezoid having a wide upper cross section and a lower narrow cross section. The method of claim 1, An inclined surface of the light guide path is a light valve having a movable thin film. The method of claim 1, The horizontal cross section of the light guide is rectangular, The movable thin film is composed of four to enable the opening and closing of the light guide path, and the four movable thin films are sequentially opened and closed according to the application of a voltage, and formed to overlap each other in the 'closed' state of the light guide path, Light valve having a. The method of claim 1, The horizontal cross section of the light guide is square, The movable thin film is composed of four to enable the opening and closing of the light guide path, and the four movable thin films are sequentially opened and closed according to the application of a voltage, and formed to overlap each other in the 'closed' state of the light guide path, Light valve having a. The method of claim 1, The horizontal cross section of the light guide is rectangular, The movable thin film is composed of four to enable the opening and closing of the light guide path, the light valve having a movable thin film formed in contact with each other in the 'closed' state of the light guide path. The method of claim 6, And a black matrix portion for blocking fine light in a portion where the movable thin films abut each other in a 'closed' state of the light guide path. The method of claim 1, The horizontal cross section of the light guide is square, The movable thin film is composed of four to enable the opening and closing of the light guide path, the light valve having a movable thin film formed in contact with each other in the 'closed' state of the light guide path. The method of claim 8, And a black matrix portion for blocking fine light in a portion where the movable thin films abut each other in a 'closed' state of the light guide path. The method of claim 1, The horizontal section of the light guide is rectangular, the upper and lower surfaces are closed by the vertical wall surface and the left and right surfaces are open, Two movable thin films are formed on the left and right sides of the light guide path to enable opening and closing of the light guide path, and the two movable thin films are sequentially opened and closed according to the application of a voltage, and in the 'closed' state of the light guide path. A light valve having a movable thin film, which is formed to overlap. The method of claim 1, The horizontal section of the light guide is rectangular, the upper and lower surfaces are closed by the vertical wall surface and the left and right surfaces are open, Two movable thin films are formed on left and right sides of the light guide path to enable opening and closing of the light guide path, and the two movable thin films are sequentially opened and closed according to the application of a voltage, and in the 'closed' state of the light guide path. A light valve having a movable thin film formed to abut. The method of claim 11, And a black matrix portion for blocking fine light in a portion where the movable thin films abut each other in a 'closed' state of the light guide path. The method of claim 1, The horizontal section of the light guide is rectangular, the upper and lower surfaces are closed by the vertical wall surface, one of the left and right surfaces is closed by the vertical wall surface, the other side of the left and right surfaces which are not closed by the vertical wall surface is open, The movable thin film is composed of only one on the open side of the left and right sides of the light guide path to enable the opening and closing of the light guide path, the movable thin film is opened and closed according to the application of a voltage, in the 'closed' state of the light guide path A light valve having a movable thin film formed to abut against an opposite vertical wall surface. The method of claim 13, And a black matrix portion formed to block fine light at a portion of the light guide path that is in contact with the opposite vertical wall in the 'closed' state of the light guide path. The method of claim 1, The light guide path is formed with a wall surface on one side of the inclined surface, the wall surface on the other side is formed of a vertical surface, And the movable thin film is formed in a portion where the wall surface of the light guide path is an inclined surface. The method of claim 1, And a lens for focusing light on the upper side and / or the lower side of the light guide path. The method of claim 1, And the lower electrode and the movable thin film further include a fixing pad portion for connecting with an external driving circuit. The method of claim 17, At least one cutout is formed continuously or discontinuously in the fixed pad portion of the movable thin film. A substrate on which a light guide path including a wall surface formed as an inclined surface is formed; An upper electrode formed to face the substrate on which the light guide path is formed; A lower electrode formed on the inclined wall surface of the light guide path; One end is attached to the upper electrode, a movable thin film formed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode and formed of an opaque material, A first insulating film formed to prevent an electrical short between the upper electrode and the movable thin film; A second insulating film formed between the lower electrode and the movable thin film to prevent an electrical short circuit; And a movable thin film which is moved to the upper electrode side or the lower electrode side according to an applied voltage between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or between the upper electrode and the movable thin film to open and close the light guide path. In a display device using a backlight, A substrate having a light guide path including a wall surface formed as an inclined surface, an upper electrode formed to face the substrate on which the light guide path is formed, a lower electrode formed on the inclined wall surface of the light guide path, and positioned on the substrate, A movable thin film formed between the lower electrode and an opaque material, a first insulating film formed to prevent an electrical short between the lower electrode and the movable thin film, and a second formed to prevent an electrical short between the upper electrode and the movable thin film It includes an insulating film, and includes a light valve having a movable thin film, which is moved to the upper electrode side or the lower electrode side according to the applied voltage between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or between the upper electrode and the movable thin film, opening and closing the light guide path, The light valve having the plurality of movable thin films is formed on a substrate in a horizontal arrangement, and the light valve having the plurality of movable thin films is disposed between the lower electrode and the movable thin film or between the upper electrode and the movable thin film. A display apparatus using a light valve having a movable thin film, which opens and closes the light guide path to pass or block a backlight. The method of claim 19, A display device using a movable thin film light valve which adjusts the brightness of light at a ratio of the number of operations of opening and closing of the movable thin film per specific frame time.

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