KR20060041055A - The smoke provision device for smoke control a test device of railway tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smoke supply apparatus for an apparatus for simulating fire suppression and ventilation of a railway tunnel.

The smoke supply apparatus of the present invention, in the railway tunnel fire-removal experiment apparatus for executing a fire simulation in the tunnel using a model tunnel, a model track and a model railway vehicle installed on the shelf adjustable tilt; A smoke generator for generating smoke to implement a fire condition of a model railway vehicle in the model tunnel; A smoke heating device for heating the smoke generated by the smoke generator to generate thermal buoyancy; A connecting pipe connecting the smoke generator and the smoke heater so that smoke generated through the smoke generator can flow to the smoke heater; And a duct fan mounted on the connecting pipe to adjust the flow rate of the smoke flowing from the smoke generator to the smoke heater and to prevent smoke backflow from the smoke heater to the smoke generator.

Therefore, according to the smoke supply apparatus of the present invention, by simulating a fire simulation of a tunnel already constructed or under construction using a reduced model railway vehicle and a model tunnel, the flow trend and smoke performance of smoke according to the fire in the actual tunnel, Along with the effect of analyzing the evacuation of passengers and evacuation routes, there is an excellent effect of making a safety design against fire when constructing an ultra-long railway tunnel using the analyzed data.

Railway tunnel, railway vehicle, fire extinguishing, fire simulation, smoke, smoke flow trend, smoke supply device, smoke generator, smoke heater, smoke performance, super long railroad tunnel

Description

The smoke provision device for smoke control a test device of railway tunnel

1 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a fire smoke and ventilation experiment apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

Figure 2 is a conceptual view of driving the shelf angle adjusting means of the experimental apparatus shown in FIG.

Figure 3 is an installation state of the ventilation device of the experimental apparatus shown in FIG.

Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a smoke supply of the present invention.

5 is a conceptual view of a smoke generator of the smoke supply of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a front cross-sectional view and side cross-sectional view of the smoke heating device of the smoke supply of the present invention.

7 is a conceptual diagram of a smoke heating apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 8a is a detailed view showing a smoke discharge portion of the experimental apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 8b is a state in which the supply pipe is installed in the smoke discharge portion of the experimental apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 8c is a state in which the supply pipe is installed in the model railway vehicle of the experimental apparatus according to the present invention.

9 is a conceptual diagram of a smoke discharge state of the experimental apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 10 is a state diagram showing the process of testing the fire of the railway tunnel of the experimental apparatus according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1. Simulator

3. Model Tunnel 4. Model Track

5. Model railway vehicle 10. Rack

12. Smoke outlet 16. Supply pipe

20. Smoke generator 21. Oil inlet

22. Case 23. Chamber

24. Gas injection port 25. Smoke injection nozzle

30. Smoke heater 33. Heating chamber

34. Flow path part 35. Heater

36. Insulation 39. Duct Fan

41. Inclination device 42. Motor

46. Screw rod 47. Lathe lifting member

49. Support frame 51, 54, 58. Interface part

52, 55, 59. Data Processing Equipment 56. Digital Camera

57.Digital Camcorders 60.DV Tapes

61. Light source 63. Controller

70. Ventilation device 71. Intake duct

72. Exhaust duct 73. Lower damper

74. Intake Fan 75. Exhaust Fan

76, 79, 83. Barriers 77a, 80a, 84a. Intake flow path

77b, 80b, 84b. Exhaust Channel 78. Vertical Damper

81. Upper damper 82. Outside duct

85. Intake vent 86. Exhaust vent

The present invention relates to an apparatus for simulating fire extinguishing and ventilation of a railway tunnel (hereinafter referred to as a simulation apparatus), and more particularly, using a model of a reduced railway vehicle and a tunnel. The smoke supply device is configured to generate smoke under the same conditions as smoke generated by a real fire (hereinafter referred to as smoke) during the simulation fire experiment, that is, a smoke applied to a fire in a tunnel. The present invention relates to a smoke supply device (hereinafter referred to as a smoke supply device) of a railway tunnel fire removal test apparatus capable of analyzing flow trends, smoke performance, and evacuation of passengers through experiments.

Generally, due to the geographical characteristics of Korea, where 70% of the country is a mountainous region, railway tunnels are constructed so that railroad cars can run smoothly in high altitude areas. There is no ventilation device in the domestic railway tunnel for discharging high-temperature smoke that spreads inside the tunnel in the event of a fire occurring inside the tunnel. There was a big problem that smoke caused passengers in railroad cars and evacuated passengers to choke and lose their lives.

In addition, in foreign countries, a ventilator is installed inside the tunnel to discharge hot smoke, which diffuses into the tunnel outside the tunnel in the event of an emergency due to a fire. Ventilation fan is installed in the duct installed in contact with the outside air in the ceiling of the tunnel without considering the gradient, and only the ventilation fan drive has a limitation in discharging smoke in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel. Since the time and speed at which hot smoke spreads throughout the tunnel is very fast compared to the time and discharge flow rate to the outside of the tunnel, this also diffuses into the tunnel before the smoke in the tunnel is completely discharged to the outside of the tunnel. The smoke causes the passengers in the railcar and the evacuated passengers to choke and lose their lives. There was also a problem.

In the case of the conventional ventilation device as described above, since the size and performance of the ventilation device varies depending on the characteristics and conditions of the tunnel, it is very difficult to simply apply the conventional ventilation device to a domestic railway tunnel, and to install the ventilation device. In order to meet the domestic railway tunnel situation, there was also a cumbersome problem of having to redesign and install.

In addition, since the fire simulation for verifying the ventilation performance of the railway tunnel under construction is carried out by computer simulation only, numerous assumptions must be applied in addition to the actual conditions such as the tunnel gradient and the air flow inside the tunnel. It is cumbersome, and the accuracy of fire simulation data using computer simulation is inferior to the data obtained by fire simulation using model tunnels, model tracks and model railway vehicles manufactured by miniaturizing actual tunnels and tracks and railway vehicles. As a result, there is a problem that the reliability caused by the data is greatly reduced.

The present invention devised to solve the above problems, the same conditions as the smoke generated by the actual fire during the simulation of the tunnels already constructed or under construction using a model of a reduced railway vehicle and tunnel, that is, high temperature heat The purpose of the smoke supply device is to generate smoke applied buoyancy, so that the smoke flow analysis, smoke performance, and evacuation of passengers can be analyzed through experiments.

In addition, by using the simulation apparatus to which the smoke supply device of the present invention is applied, by analyzing the flow trend of smoke according to the fire in the tunnel, smoke performance, and securing the evacuation route for passengers, the fire in the construction of the ultra-large railway tunnel There is another purpose for safety design to be achieved.

In addition, there is another object to verify the ventilation performance of the railway tunnel according to the actual fire conditions using the simulation apparatus to which the smoke supply device of the present invention is applied.

Moreover, when the simulation fire test is performed using the simulation apparatus to which the smoke supply device of the present invention is applied as described above, the simulation test is more accurate than the computer simulation method used for the examination of the pre-ventilation performance of the tunnel under construction. In addition, it is possible to verify the ventilation performance of the ventilation equipment of the tunnel more accurately in advance by comparing and comparing the simulated fire test results using the scaled down model with the computer simulation results. There is another purpose.

Smoke supply apparatus of the present invention, in the railway tunnel fire-removal experiment apparatus for executing a fire simulation in the tunnel using a model tunnel, a model track and a model railway vehicle installed on the shelf adjustable tilt;

A smoke generator for generating smoke to implement a fire condition of a model railway vehicle in the model tunnel;

A smoke heating device for heating the smoke generated by the smoke generator to generate thermal buoyancy;

A connecting pipe connecting the smoke generator and the smoke heater so that smoke generated through the smoke generator can flow to the smoke heater;

And a duct fan mounted on the connection pipe to control the flow rate of smoke flowing from the smoke generator to the smoke heater and to prevent smoke backflow from the smoke heater to the smoke generator.

At this time, the smoke discharge unit is installed at the lower end of the model track installed on the shelf so that the smoke supplied through the smoke generator and the smoke heating device can be supplied to the model railway vehicle and the model tunnel.

In addition, the smoke discharge unit is installed in each of the six major parts of the model track, including the model tunnel, the smoke discharge unit is characterized in that the 8-10 discharge holes are formed.

In addition, the supply pipe is correspondingly coupled to the discharge hole of the smoke discharge unit to supply the smoke flow from the smoke heating device to the smoke discharge unit into the model railway vehicle.

On the other hand, the smoke generator is a hollow case having an oil inlet on the upper side; A chamber embedded in the case and configured to load and heat smoke oil supplied through an oil inlet; A gas inlet formed at the bottom of one side of the case to inject nitrogen gas into the chamber to pressurize the loaded / heated smoke oil in the chamber; Characterized in that it consists of a smoke injection nozzle formed in the upper end of the case so that the oil pressurized by the nitrogen gas injected into the chamber is injected into the gaseous smoke.

In addition, the gas inlet formed on the lower side of the case is characterized in that the gas container filled with nitrogen gas so that the gas can be injected into the chamber.

And, the smoke generator is characterized by using a raw material of cooking oil components harmless to the human body.

In addition, the smoke heating device, the smoke heating device comprises a heating chamber having an inlet and outlet on one side and the other side; A flow path part formed in the heating chamber so that smoke introduced through the inlet flows in a zigzag form; Characterized in that it comprises a heater for heating so that the thermal buoyancy acts on the smoke flowing along the flow path portion.

At this time, between the heating chamber and the flow path portion is characterized in that the heat insulating material to block the outside so that the heat in the heating chamber does not escape to the outside.

In addition, the flow path portion is characterized in that one side is open so that the smoke flowing through the inlet flows in a zigzag, the other side is characterized in that the partition of the sealed type is installed.

And, the heater is characterized in that installed through the flow path portion to directly heat the smoke flowing along the flow path portion.

In addition, the supply pipe is installed between the smoke heating device and the smoke discharge unit so that the smoke heated from the smoke heating device can be supplied to each smoke discharge unit installed in the main portion of the model track, including the model tunnel.

In addition, the supply pipe is characterized in that formed in the form of branch pipes to supply the smoke to each smoke discharge portion from the smoke heater.

Hereinafter, a smoke supply device according to the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a fire smoke and ventilation experiment apparatus to which the present invention is applied, Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the driving of the shelf angle control means of the experimental apparatus shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 is shown in Figure 1 The installation state of the ventilation system of the experimental apparatus is shown.

First, before explaining the smoke supply apparatus according to the present invention, the simulation apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be briefly described. In the following description, only the smoke supply apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail, and other than the present invention. Detailed description of the configuration will be omitted.

The simulation apparatus (1) to which the smoke supply device of the present invention is applied is manufactured by miniaturizing the actual size of tunnels, tracks, and railway vehicles to a model for simulation fire tests of tunnels that are already being constructed or under construction. Fire simulation, that is, an experimental apparatus for analyzing the smoke tendency generated in the fire of a railway vehicle operating in the tunnel, and the analysis of the smoke elimination performance in the tunnel, as shown in FIG. 1, the fire simulation in the tunnel A shelf 10 on which the model tunnel 3, model track 4, and model railroad car 5, which are reduced, are installed for the experiment; A smoke supply device for supplying smoke into the model railway vehicle 5 to implement a fire state of the model railway vehicle 5; Shelf angle adjusting means installed in the lower side of both sides of the shelf 10 to implement the gradient state of the model tunnel (3); A control device for controlling the shelf angle adjusting means to set the gradient of the terrain or the gradient of the model tunnel 3 at an arbitrary inclination angle; It consists of a ventilator 70 for discharging the smoke discharged into the model tunnel 3 through the model railway vehicle 5 to the outside of the model tunnel 3.

Here, the shelf 10 has a length of 30m and a width of 2.5m, and in the case of the model tunnel 3 installed in the shelf 10, the actual length of 1.44km is reduced to a scale ratio of 1/48 and In addition, the interior is divided into two, wherein at least one connection passage (3a) is formed in the two model tunnel (3) in the two model tunnel (3) through the connection passage (3a) You can move it.

In addition, the model track 4 and the model railway vehicle 5 installed on the shelf 10 are also reduced to a scale ratio of 1/48, similar to the model tunnel 3 described above, and the model railway vehicle 5 In this case, the radio remote control drives the model track 4.

On the other hand, the shelf angle adjusting means is a tilt control device 41 respectively installed at the central portion and one side end of both sides of the shelf 10 so as to implement a gradient of the tunnel (3) according to the gradient of the terrain or any angle of inclination, In the case of the inclination control device 41, the inclination of the shelf 10 of 30m long and 2.5m wide can be finely adjusted to 0.003 °, and the gradient of the model tunnel 3 can be adjusted up to 50 ‰ (= 2.865 °). have.

As shown in FIG. 2, the inclination adjustment device 41 includes a motor 42 for driving the inclination adjustment device 41; A screw rod 46 for lifting and lowering the shelf elevating member 47 while rotating by driving the motor 42; A shelf elevating member 47 installed at the bottom of the shelf 10 to adjust the gradient of the shelf 10 while being elevated by the rotation of the screw rod 46; It consists of a support frame 49 for supporting the upright state of the screw rod 46.

In addition, the simulation apparatus 1 to which the present invention is applied is further provided with a temperature measuring device (not shown) made of a thermocouple for measuring temperature data of the model tunnel 3 and the main part.

In addition, the simulation apparatus 1 to which the present invention is applied further includes a speed measuring device 53 made of a hot wire flowmeter for measuring velocity data of the smoke velocity and the air flow rate of the model tunnel 3 and the main part. In the case of the speed measuring device 53 is installed on the supply pipe 40 for connecting the smoke heating device 30 and the smoke discharge portion 12 (see Fig. 9).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the simulation apparatus 1 to which the present invention is applied includes a digital camera 56 and a digital camera 56 for capturing a moving direction of smoke according to fire smoke in the model tunnel 3 as a moving image and a still image. An image capturing means comprising a digital camcorder 57 is further provided.

At the same time, the temperature measuring device, the speed measuring device 53, and the image capturing means are provided with an interface 51, 54 for transmitting the measured temperature data, the speed data of the smoke flow rate, and the image data, as shown in FIG. 58) and data processing devices 52, 55, and 59 for storing or transmitting data transmitted through the interface units 51, 54, and 58 in real time, respectively.

Furthermore, in the case of the image data transmitted through the digital camera 56 or the digital camcorder 57 among the vast amount of data transmitted to the data processing apparatus 59 as described above, the computer or notebook computer, which is the data processing apparatus 59 described above, is used. It may be stored or recorded on the DV tape 60 through a recorder.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the simulation apparatus 1 to which the present invention is applied acquires image data through the image capturing means at a constant illuminance of a flow direction of smoke according to fire smoke in the model tunnel 3. A light source device 61 made of a halogen lamp is further provided.

In addition, the control device serves to set the gradient of the model tunnel (3) at a gradient of the terrain or an arbitrary inclination angle, and comprises a controller (63) and a control panel (not shown) as shown in FIG. The controller 63 is provided with 10 ventilation fan (intake / exhaust fan) control switches, three temperature indicators, a shelf angle control switch, a power switch, and the like.

The ventilator 70 discharges the smoke discharged into the model tunnel 3 through the model railroad vehicle 5 to the outside of the model tunnel 3 and simultaneously supplies external air into the model tunnel 3. As shown in FIG. 3, an intake duct 71 and external air are installed on each side of the two-branched model tunnel 3 to discharge the smoke in the model tunnel 3 to the outside. A lower damper 73 each having an exhaust duct 72 for supplying gas into the model tunnel 3; An intake fan 74 and an exhaust fan 75 built in both sides of the lower damper 73; Vertical dampers 78 communicating with the lower dampers 73 and partitioned into intake / exhaust flow paths 77a and 77b by a blocking film 76; An upper damper which is partitioned into the intake / exhaust flow paths 80a and 80b by the blocking film 79 so as to communicate with the intake / exhaust flow paths 77a and 77b of the vertical dampers 78 and installed inside the upper end of the model tunnel 3. 81); In communication with the intake / exhaust flow paths 80a and 80b of the upper damper 81 and installed in contact with the outside air, the smoke flowing from the lower damper 73 to the upper damper 81 is discharged to outside air, and is discharged to outside air. Is composed of an outside air duct 82 to be sucked and supplied from the upper damper 81 to the lower damper 73.

At this time, in the case of the outside air duct 82, the air intake / exhaust flow paths 84a and 84b are partitioned by the blocking film 83, similarly to the vertical dampers 78 and the upper dampers 81, In the case of 82, the exhaust port 86 is formed higher than the inlet port 85 so that smoke discharged to the outside air through the exhaust port 86 can be prevented from re-introducing through the inlet port 85.

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing a smoke supply of the present invention, Figure 5 shows a conceptual diagram of the smoke generator of the smoke supply of the present invention, Figure 6 is a front sectional view of the smoke heating device of the smoke supply of the present invention and Side cross-sectional view is shown, Figure 7 shows a conceptual diagram of a smoke heating apparatus according to the present invention.

Next, the smoke supply apparatus of the present invention will be described, which is a device for supplying smoke in the model railway vehicle 5 to implement a fire state of the model railway vehicle 5, the smoke supply apparatus of FIG. As shown, a smoke generator 20 for generating smoke for fire simulation; It consists of a smoke heating device 30 for heating the smoke generated by the smoke generator 20 to generate a thermal buoyancy, wherein the smoke generator 20, as shown in FIG. A hollow case 22 having an injection port 21; A chamber 23 embedded in the case 22 and configured to load and heat smoke oil supplied through an oil inlet 21; A gas inlet 24 formed at a lower end of one side of the case 22 to inject nitrogen gas into the chamber 23 to pressurize the loaded / heated smoke oil in the chamber 23; It consists of a smoke injection nozzle 25 formed at the upper end of the other side of the case 22 so that the oil pressurized by the nitrogen gas injected into the chamber 23 is injected into the gaseous smoke, the lower side of one side of the case 22 A gas container 26 filled with nitrogen gas is connected to the formed gas inlet 24 so that gas can be injected into the chamber 23.

In particular, in the case of the smoke generator 20, the maximum flow rate is 290 m 3 / min, using a raw material of the edible oil component harmless to the human body.

In addition, the smoke heating apparatus 30, as shown in Fig. 6 and 7, a heating chamber 33 having the inlet and outlet 31, 32 on one side and the other side; A flow path part 34 formed in the heating chamber 33 so that the smoke introduced through the inlet 31 flows in a zigzag form; A heater (35) for heating so that thermal buoyancy acts on the smoke flowing along the flow path (34); It is composed of a heat insulating material 36 to block the heat from the outside so that the heat in the heating chamber 33 does not escape to the outside, in the case of the smoke heating device 30, the smoke supplied from the smoke generator 20 The maximum heating temperature for heating is about 1300 ° C.

In addition, the flow path part 34 is formed of a hollow cylindrical body in the heating chamber 33, and at the same time, the flow path allows the smoke introduced through the inlet 31 of the heating chamber 33 to flow in a zigzag. One side is opened in the part 34, and the other side is provided with the partition 34a of the sealed form.

In addition, the flow path 34 has a flow path that is directly heated by the heater 35 while the smoke flows zigzag by the partition wall 34a installed therein.

In addition, the heater 35 is installed through the flow path part 34 so as to directly heat the smoke flowing along the flow path part 34.

Furthermore, in the case of the smoke generator 20 and the smoke heating device 30, the structure connected to each other through the connection pipe 38 so as to heat the buoyancy acting on the smoke generated through the smoke generator 20 At this time, and on the connection pipe 38 for connecting the smoke generator 20 and the smoke heater 30 to adjust the flow rate of the smoke flowing from the smoke generator 20 to the smoke heater 30 and At the same time, a duct fan (39) having a built-in DC motor (not shown) is installed to prevent the smoke introduced into the smoke heater 30 from flowing back to the smoke generator 20. (See FIG. 4).

In addition, between the smoke heater 30 and the smoke discharge unit 12, the smoke heated from the smoke heater 30, each of the smoke discharge unit installed in the main portion of the model track 4, including the model tunnel (3) ( Supply pipe 40 is installed to be supplied to 12, wherein the supply pipe 40 is formed in the form of branch pipe to supply the smoke to each smoke discharge portion 12 from the smoke heating device (30) have.

Figure 8a is a detailed view showing a smoke discharge portion of the experimental apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 8b shows a state diagram in which the supply pipe is installed in the smoke discharge portion of the experimental apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 8c is an experiment according to the present invention FIG. 9 illustrates a state diagram in which a supply pipe is installed in a model railway vehicle, and FIG. 9 illustrates a conceptual diagram of a smoke discharge state in a test apparatus according to the present invention.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 8a, the lower end of the model track (4) installed on the shelf 10, the smoke supplied through the smoke generator 20 and the smoke heater 30 is model railway vehicle (5) And a smoke discharge part 12 is installed to be supplied to the model tunnel 3 through the model railroad car 5. In this case, the smoke discharge part 12 includes a model tunnel 3. A total of six places are respectively provided in the main part of the model track 4, and 8-10 discharge holes 14 are formed in the smoke discharge part 12.

Then, as described above, the model railway vehicle 5 located on the model track 4 in a state where a total of six smoke outlets 12 are installed in the main part of the model track 4 including the model tunnel 3. The smoke is supplied to the fire smoke experiment, in this case the fire smoke experiment using the model railway vehicle (5), the model railway vehicle (5) is stopped and the model railway vehicle (5) is moving Experiments are divided into states, and the fire smoke test in the state in which the model railway vehicle 5 is stopped as described above, the smoke discharge portion 12 is formed in the 8-10 discharge holes 14 in FIG. As shown, after fixing the same number of supply pipes 16 and the discharge hole 14, as shown in Figure 8c, the supply pipe 16 can be located inside the model railway vehicle (5) To combine the model railroad car 5 with the wheeled vehicle base plate. do.

At this time, in order to perform the fire extinguishing test using the model railroad car 5 in which the supply pipe 16 is embedded, the supply pipe 16 as described above in the smoke discharge unit 12 installed in the model tunnel 3 is used. After fixing, the model railroad car 5 is coupled so that the supply pipe 16 is located inside the model railroad car 5, and then the model railroad car through the smoke discharge part 12 and the supply pipe 16. As shown in FIG. 9, a high-temperature smoke generated from the smoke supply device is supplied to the inside of (5), and a fire smoke experiment is performed to analyze the smoke flow trend in the model tunnel 3.

In addition, the fire smoking test in the state where the model railroad car 5 is moving is applied to the above-described model railroad car 5 when the fire smoking test in the stationary state, that is, the supply pipe fixed to the smoke discharge unit 12 (16) is separated and the model railroad car (5) is driven along the track (4) by remote control to perform a fire smoke test. The fire smoke test is a model in the model tunnel (3). Through the smoke discharge unit 12 installed at the bottom of the track 4, the high-temperature smoke generated from the smoke supply means is supplied to perform a topical smoke experiment to analyze the smoke flow trend in the model tunnel 3.

As described above, the specifications and performance of the simulation apparatus to which the smoke supply device of the present invention is applied are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1

division Specification Lathe device Length 30 m width 2.5m Tunnel Gradient Adjustment Minimum 0 ‰-Maximum 50 ‰ Smoke heater Heating up to 1300 ° Smoke Flow Visualizer Halogen light source / digital camcorder Model train driving track 3rd Orbit Drive Scale ratio 1: 48

TABLE 2

division Performance Remarks Shelf (orbit) In case of 1/48 tunnel, it is possible to simulate the actual length of 1.44km extension tunnel. Double track tunnel can be installed Up to 50 ‰ (= 2.865 °) tunnel gradient can be simulated Precision 3/1000 ° Heating device Smoke heating can simulate thermal buoyancy phenomenon of fire smoke Set temperature automatic maintenance function Visualization device Three halogen lamp visualization light sources for observing smoke flow, allowing arbitrary projection of sections Shelf unit moveable Model train driving track Model train driving track configuration enables trains in tunnels Model Train Operation Wireless Adjustment

Hereinafter, a description will be given of the experiments on the fire combustion and ventilation of the railway tunnel according to the present invention.

In addition, the fire extinguishing test of the railway tunnel is limited to the experiment in the state in which the model railway vehicle 5 is stopped in the model tunnel 3, and the smoke discharge process by the ventilation device will be omitted.

10 is a state diagram showing a process for testing fire of a railway tunnel among experimental apparatuses according to the present invention.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 8C, a fire simulation in the model tunnel 3 is executed by using the model tunnel 3, the model track 4, and the model railway vehicle 5 installed on the shelf 10. In order to fix the supply pipe 16 to the smoke discharge unit 12, that is, the smoke discharge unit 12 formed at the bottom of the model track 4, 8-10 discharge holes 14 are formed. The high temperature smoke generated from the smoke supply device in a state in which the model railway vehicle 5 is coupled with the vehicle base plate on which the wheels are installed so that the model railway vehicle 5 is located inside the model railway vehicle 5. Through the supply pipe 16 is supplied to the interior of the model railway vehicle (5) to perform the fire smoke experiment to analyze the smoke flow trend in the model tunnel (3).

At this time, the process of forming the smoke generated through the smoke supply in more detail, the gas container connected to the gas inlet 24 in the chamber 23 loaded with the smoke oil supplied through the oil inlet 21 ( When nitrogen gas is injected from the gas 26 and pressurizes the smoke oil loaded in the chamber 23 using the nitrogen gas, as shown in FIG. 5, the smoke oil enters the other side of the case 22 by the pressing force of the nitrogen gas. While flowing to the smoke spray nozzle 25 formed on the top when the pressure is lowered when the spray is injected through the spray nozzle 25 and at the same time the speed is changed to a gaseous smoke to communicate with the smoke heating device 30 It will be injected into the connecting pipe (38).

Then, the injected smoke is introduced into the smoke heating device 30 through the connection pipe 38, the smoke introduced as described above, as shown in Figure 7, the heating chamber 33, that is, the heating chamber Heated zigzag along the flow path portion 34 in the 33 and directly heated by the heater 35 so that thermal buoyancy acts on the smoke. It is in the same state as smoke.

As the heat buoyancy acted as shown in FIG. 9, the smoke flows to the smoke discharge unit 12 through the supply pipe 40 connecting the smoke heating device 30 and the smoke discharge unit 12 In addition, the smoke flowing into the smoke discharge unit 12 is supplied to the inside of the model railway vehicle 5 through a supply pipe 16 fixed to the discharge hole 14 of the smoke discharge unit 12, As shown in FIG. 10, the model railroad vehicle 5 is discharged from the model railroad car 5 into the model tunnel 3 to implement a fire state of the railroad car in the actual tunnel.

When hot smoke is discharged from the model railway vehicle 5 into the model tunnel 3 as described above, the temperature inside the model tunnel 3 is increased by the high temperature smoke, and the smoke is also the model tunnel 3. In the case of smoke in the model tunnel 3, the flow is greatly changed depending on the actual tunnel gradient.

Therefore, the angle of inclination is adjusted in accordance with the gradient of the actual tunnel before the fire smoke experiment using the shelf (10) in which the model tunnel (3), the model track (4), and the model railway vehicle (5) are installed. In brief, the adjustment process of the inclination adjusting device 41 installed at both the central and one side ends of the shelf 10 is illustrated in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 2, the controller 63 among the components of the control device. By operating the turning angle adjustment switch installed in the rotation of the screw rod 46 in accordance with the operation of the motor 42, the lifting member of the shelf elevating member 47 by the rotational force of the screw rod 46, respectively, gradient of the actual tunnel Form the same as

In addition, in order to discharge the discharged smoke outside the model tunnel 3 together with the smoke discharge due to the fire implementation of the model railway vehicle 5 in the model tunnel 3 having the same gradient as the actual tunnel in the above experiment. In order to accurately grasp the flow direction of the smoke that changes according to the operation of the ventilator 70, the temperature inside the model tunnel 3 by the smoke is measured through a temperature measuring device installed inside the model tunnel 3, and the The flow rate of the smoke heated from the smoke heating device 30 to a high temperature state through the speed measuring device 53 installed on the supply pipe 40 connecting the smoke heating device 30 and the smoke discharge unit 12 10, the temperature data and the velocity data are transmitted to and stored in the data processing devices 52 and 55 through the interface units 51 and 54, as shown in FIG.

In addition, as described above, the digital camera 56 and the digital photographing means which are image photographing means in the state in which the halogen lamp as the light source device 61 is irradiated to photograph the flow trend of the smoke according to the fire in the model tunnel 3 at a constant illuminance. The camcorder 57 captures the flow of smoke as a moving picture and a still image, and transmits the captured image to the data processing device 59 through the interface unit 58.

The tunnel in the event of a fire of a tunnel already being constructed or under construction through the measurement data values of the temperature measuring device and the speed measuring device 53 stored in the data processing devices 52, 55, and 59 and the image data by the image photographing means. By accurately analyzing the flow trend and the smoke elimination performance of the smoke, it is possible to protect the passenger's safe evacuation and the life of the evacuated passenger in the event of a fire in the actual tunnel, and to more accurately measure the ventilation performance of the ventilation equipment of the tunnel. It can be verified, and furthermore, it will be possible to design fire safety in the construction of long-range railway tunnels.

As described above, the above-described embodiment is described with reference to the most preferred example of the present invention, but is not limited to the above embodiment, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications are possible without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. .

Smoke supply device of the present invention, using the model of the reduced railway vehicle and tunnel, the smoke generated by the same conditions as the smoke generated by the actual fire during the simulated fire test of the tunnel that is already being constructed or under construction, that is, the smoke applied to high temperature thermal buoyancy By configuring the smoke supply device to make it possible, there is an excellent effect that can be analyzed through experiments on the smoke flow analysis, smoke performance, and evacuation of passengers in accordance with the fire in the tunnel.

In addition, by using the simulation apparatus to which the smoke supply device of the present invention is applied, by analyzing the flow trend of smoke according to the fire in the tunnel, smoke performance, and securing the evacuation route for passengers, the fire in the construction of the ultra-large railway tunnel It also has the effect of making safety design possible.

In addition, there is an effect that can verify the ventilation performance of the railway tunnel according to the actual fire conditions by using the simulation apparatus to which the smoke supply device of the present invention is applied.

Moreover, when the simulation fire test is performed using the simulation apparatus to which the smoke supply device of the present invention is applied as described above, the simulation fire test is more accurate than the computer simulation method used to examine the pre-ventilation performance of the tunnel under construction. In addition, by comparing and comparing the simulated fire test results using the scaled down model and the simulation results using the computer, the effect of verifying the ventilation performance of the ventilation equipment of the tunnel in advance can be more accurately verified. have.

Claims (14)

A railway tunnel fire-removal testing apparatus for executing a fire simulation in a tunnel using a model tunnel, a model track, and a model railway vehicle installed on a shelf which can be tilted; A smoke generator for generating smoke to implement a fire condition of a model railway vehicle in the model tunnel; A smoke heating device for heating the smoke generated by the smoke generator to generate thermal buoyancy; A connecting pipe connecting the smoke generator and the smoke heater so that smoke generated through the smoke generator can flow to the smoke heater; Smoke of the railway tunnel fire smoke experiment apparatus, characterized in that consisting of a duct fan mounted on the connecting pipe for controlling the flow rate of the smoke flowing from the smoke generator to the smoke heating device and to prevent smoke backflow from the smoke heating device to the smoke generator Feeder. The railway tunnel fire according to claim 1, wherein a smoke discharge part is installed at a lower end of the model track installed on the shelf so that the smoke supplied through the smoke generator and the smoke heater is supplied to the model railway vehicle and the model tunnel. Smoke supply device for the smoke tester. 3. The smoke supply device for a fire tunnel testing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the smoke discharge unit is installed at each of six main parts of the model track including the model tunnel. According to claim 3, The smoke discharge unit smoke supply apparatus of the railway tunnel fire smoke testing device, characterized in that 8-10 discharge holes are formed. According to claim 2, wherein the supply pipe is connected to the discharge hole of the smoke discharge portion so that the smoke flowing from the smoke heating device to the smoke discharge portion into the model railway vehicle, the railway tunnel fire smoke testing apparatus characterized in that Smoke feeder. According to claim 1, The smoke generator comprises a hollow case having an oil inlet on the upper side; A chamber embedded in the case and configured to load and heat smoke oil supplied through an oil inlet; A gas inlet formed at the bottom of one side of the case to inject nitrogen gas into the chamber to pressurize the loaded / heated smoke oil in the chamber; Smoke supply device for a railway tunnel fire smoke experiment apparatus comprising a smoke injection nozzle formed on the upper end of the case so that the oil pressurized by the nitrogen gas injected into the chamber is injected into the gaseous smoke. According to claim 6, The gas inlet formed in the lower side of the case smoke supply apparatus of the railway tunnel fire smoke experiment apparatus characterized in that the gas container filled with nitrogen gas is configured to be injected into the chamber. 7. The smoke supply apparatus for a fire tunnel testing apparatus according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the smoke generator uses a raw material of an edible oil component which is harmless to a human body. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the smoke heating device comprises: a heating chamber having inlets and outlets formed at one side and the other side; A flow path part formed in the heating chamber so that smoke introduced through the inlet flows in a zigzag form; Smoke supply device of the railway tunnel fire smoke experiment apparatus characterized in that consisting of a heater for heating so that the thermal buoyancy acts on the smoke flowing along the flow path. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein a heat insulating material is disposed between the heating chamber and the flow path to prevent heat from flowing out of the heating chamber to the outside. Feeder. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein one side of the flow path is opened so that smoke flowing through the inlet flows in a zigzag, and the other side of the flow path is provided with a sealed partition wall. Smoke feeder. 10. The smoke supply apparatus of claim 9, wherein the heater is installed through the flow path part to directly heat the smoke flowing along the flow path part. 6. The supply pipe according to claim 5, wherein a supply pipe is installed between the smoke heating device and the smoke discharge part so that the smoke heated from the smoke heating device can be supplied to each smoke discharge part installed in the main part of the model track including the model tunnel. Smoke supply device for fire tunnel testing equipment. The smoke supply device of claim 13, wherein the supply pipe is formed in a branch pipe so as to supply smoke to each smoke discharge portion from the smoke heating device.

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