KR20050117609A - Loess board composition for construction materials and method for preparing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ocher tile composition for building materials and a method for manufacturing the same, and more specifically, 5-10 vol% of Portland cement, 2-8 vol% of methyl cellulose, 20-60 vol% of expanded vermiculite having a size of 0.3-1.0 mm, and the rest thereof. Is composed of 99-99.7% by weight of a composition consisting of loess having a particle diameter of 0.2 mm or less and a 0.3-1.0% by weight of hemp fiber having a length of 5-30 mm made by cutting a string of 0.3-0.7 mm thick. It relates to a loess board composition for building materials and a method for producing the same. The present invention possesses the properties of loess unique (room humidity) while retaining useful properties (insulation resistance, antibacterial property, sound insulation, economy, fire resistance, dimensional stability, workability, earthquake resistance, environmental friendliness, etc.) as various building materials expressed in gypsum board. Control, deodorization, far-infrared emission), cutting work in the field is easy and cost reduction can be realized by simplifying the molding process.

Description

Loess board composition for construction materials and method for preparing the same}

The present invention relates to a loess board composition for building materials and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, useful properties as various building materials expressed in gypsum board (insulation, anti-bacterial, sound insulation, economical, fire-resistance, dimensional stability, workability It possesses the unique characteristics of ocher soil (indoor humidity control, deodorization, far-infrared emission), and it is easy to cut in the field and can realize cost reduction by simplifying the molding process. It relates to a loess board composition for building materials and a method of manufacturing the same.

Ocher is mainly concentrated in Northeast Asia, including the Korean Peninsula and the Yellow River coast of China. Yellowish brown lime that contains quartz and other fluorite and hornblende is 60 ~ 65% of silica (SiO ₂ ) and iron 5 6 ~ 6%, 10 ~ 13% of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), ₂ % of magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na), about 1.5% of Kali, 8% of lime, and 8% of lime. It is known to have excellent and beneficial weakness to the human body. Therefore, it has been used importantly as a material for houses since ancient times, and was used as a tool of living by making dishes and utensils. In addition, ocher has excellent efficacy in treating detoxification and disease, and has been used as an important medicine in oriental medicine.

The main oriental texts, such as the vinegar, the Dongchobogam, and the medicinal herb room, are the most widely used soils with ocher color. It has been documented that it has excellent efficacy in children and children's diseases (小兒 病). In addition, the heavy water part of the herbaceous wood is called Jijang or Sojang, which is poured from the ocher to pour water, and it is recorded that it is effective in detoxifying various poisons and stabilizing the mind.

In recent years, scientific research on ocher has been carried out a lot of research has revealed that the loess can emit a large amount of far-infrared rays and block harmful electromagnetic waves, and a spoonful of loess contains hundreds of millions of microorganisms and various enzymes, In many ways, it has been scientifically proven to have a very beneficial effect on the human body. Thus, ocher has been spotlighted as a material for living furniture, such as bedding mats, ocher beds, food containers for building or building, interior materials, exterior materials, and ondol, and the range of their application is also rapidly increasing.

Pure ocher, on the other hand, is poor in thermal conductivity and heat storage, and when mixed with water, its viscosity is so large that it is difficult to form into a specific shape, and after curing (after evaporation of moisture), the surface cracks itself. There is a problem that it is difficult to commercialize.

Thus, conventionally, the clay is mixed with other materials such as cement, lime, sand or other stone powder, kneaded and then put into a specific mold and then cured ocher products (e.g., ocher mats, various food containers, building interior materials) Ocher boards).

As such, ocher as a building material has many advantages for humans. There is a need for a technology that can produce a low-cost ocher board for a pollution-free, human-friendly building materials using this. In addition, when manufacturing the building material using the loess, compared with the conventional gypsum board, heavier, fragile, lower insulation, and easy cutting work on the job site becomes a problem.

In order to solve this problem, first, the adjustment of hardening process of ocher (compared to or better than the strength of gypsum board in terms of strength), and second, insulation (insulation function similar to that of gypsum board) and light weight (gypsum board) New loess, focusing on the combination of ceramic materials with low specific gravity and low thermal conductivity, and the adjustment of the internal structure for ease of cutting and crack prevention and application of auxiliary materials I developed a board. In addition, in forming a building board having a large area, a method of forming without pressure is studied to reduce cost and simplify the process.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide the unique properties of ocher, while retaining useful properties (insulation resistance, antibacterial property, sound insulation, economic efficiency, fire resistance, dimensional stability, workability, earthquake resistance, environmental friendliness, etc.) as various building materials expressed in gypsum board. The present invention provides an ocher board composition for building materials that exhibits characteristics (indoor humidity control, deodorization, far-infrared emission), is easy to cut in the field, and can also realize cost reduction by simplifying the molding process.

Another object of the present invention to provide a manufacturing method of the ocher board for building materials.

The ocher board composition for building materials of the present invention for achieving the above object is 5-10 vol% of Portland cement, 2-8 vol% of methyl cellulose, 20-60 vol% of expanded vermiculite having a size of 0.3-1.0 mm, and the rest of the ocher 70 mesh sieve. 99-99.7% by weight of the composition consisting of loess having a particle size of 0.2 mm or less, and 0.3-1.0% by weight of hemp fiber having a length of 5-30 mm made by cutting a string of 0.3-0.7 mm thick.

The manufacturing method of the ocher board for building materials to achieve another object of the present invention is Portland cement 5 ~ 10vol%, methyl cellulose 2 ~ 8vol%, 0.3 ~ 1.0mm sized expanded vermiculite 20 ~ 60vol% and the rest is ocher 70 mesh 99-99.7% by weight of the composition consisting of loess having a particle size of 0.2 mm or less passed through a sieve and 0.3-1.0% by weight of hemp fibers 5-30 mm in length cut from a 0.3-0.7 mm thick lace, and then It consists of mixing, shaping, adding vol% of water, such as solids, and drying at a temperature of 70-80 ° C. for 10-12 hours.

Looking at the present invention in more detail as follows.

In the present invention, to solve the problem of the loess as a building material, and to find a method by three areas to have a physical property comparable to the existing gypsum board.

1. Control of hardening process of ocher

2. Complex with low specific gravity ceramic materials for insulation and light weight

3. Use of auxiliary materials to prevent cracking and ease of cutting

In the case of the loess used in the present invention, the loess having a particle diameter of 0.2 mm or less that passed through a 70-mesh sieve was used, and for the hardening of the loess, portland cement and methylcellulose were added to prevent shrinkage and cracking and to improve cohesiveness. . 5-15 vol% of cement and 2-8 vol% of methylcellulose were added to the loess, compared to the volume of the loess, followed by mixing with a kneader by adding vol% of water as the total solids.

The mixed dough was filled in a mold and dried at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 12 hours. After 1 day at room temperature, the drying shrinkage, compressive strength, and water absorption were measured according to the average particle diameter of loess and the amount of cement and methyl cellulose added. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 5, respectively.

Drying Shrinkage Rate According to Average Particle Size of Loess Average particle diameter of ocher (mm) 0.1 to 0.2 0.08 to 0.1 0.08 or less Dry Shrinkage (Linear Shrinkage%) 0.5 to 1 0.5 to 1 1 to 1.3

In Table 1, the amount of cement added is 10 vol%, and the amount of methyl cellulose added is 5 vol%.

Compressive Strength According to Average Particle Size of Loess Average particle diameter of ocher (mm) 0.1 to 0.2 0.08 to 0.1 0.08 or less Compressive strength (kgf / cm ² ) 54 60 70

In Table 2, the amount of cement added is 10 vol%, and the amount of methyl cellulose added is 5 vol%.

Compressive strength according to the amount of cement added Cement amount added (vol%) 5 10 15 Compressive strength (kgf / cm ² ) 35 54 55

In Table 3, the average particle diameter of ocher is 0.1 to 0.2 mm, and the amount of methyl cellulose added is 5 vol%.

Compressive strength according to the amount of methyl cellulose added Methylcellulose addition amount (vol%) 2 5 8 Compressive strength (kgf / cm ² ) 24 54 82

In Table 4, the average particle diameter of the loess is 0.1 to 0.2 mm, and the amount of cement added is 10 vol%.

Water absorption rate according to the amount of methyl cellulose added Methylcellulose addition amount (vol%) 2 5 8 Absorption rate (%) 27 22 17

In Table 5, the average particle diameter of the loess is 0.1 to 0.2 mm, and the amount of cement added is 10 vol%.

The difference in the shrinkage rate according to the average particle diameter of the yellow soil was not observed, and the shrinkage rate was very small even when viewed as a whole. This can lead to the simplification of the process by not considering the size change due to shrinkage during ocher board molding. The compressive strength according to the average particle diameter of yellow soil showed compressive strength of 54 kgf / cm ² at the size of 0.1∼0.2 mm, which is very high compared to the compressive strength of gypsum board which is about 20 kgf / cm ² . It was. In case of using smaller sized loess, the strength value increased. In the case of the change in compressive strength according to the amount of cement added, the compressive strength generally increases as the amount of cement added increases, but the increase in the amount of 10 vol% or more does not show a significant increase in strength.

In the case of the change in compressive strength according to the amount of methyl cellulose added, the compressive strength increased significantly as the amount increased. In other words, it can be seen that the addition amount of methyl cellulose has a greater influence on the strength expression. The absorption rate according to the amount of methyl cellulose added tended to decrease as the amount added increased. Since no pressure was applied during molding, it contained a lot of internal pores, so the overall absorption was high, and there was no cracking phenomenon.

In the case of the average particle diameter of ocher, since the difference in size did not significantly affect the shrinkage rate and the strength expression, the ocher having a particle diameter of 0.2 mm or less passed through a 70-mesh sieve was used as it is, and the amount of cement and methyl cellulose added 10 vol% cement and 5 vol% methylcellulose were selected, which showed about 3 times higher compressive strength than gypsum board. As the amount of cement or methyl cellulose is increased, the amount of loess is relatively decreased, so the inherent properties of loess are not easily expressed. Therefore, 10 vol% of cement and 5 vol% of methyl cellulose are added at the level of moderate compressive strength. It was used as conditions for the hardening of ocher.

It is a physical property that is very important for the humidity control and smell absorbing ability of the room, which are inherent characteristics of yellow clay, and the higher the absorption rate, the better the performance. In the case of 5 vol% methylcellulose addition, the absorption rate was 22%, which is higher than other building board materials.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

10 vol% of cement and 5 vol% of methylcellulose are mixed with 0.2 mm or less of loess having a particle diameter of 0.2 mm or less that passes through a sieve of 70 mesh, and 0.3 to 1.0 mm of expanded vermiculite (Shinsung Mineral, silver color) is added. 20 to 60 vol% (relative to the volume of the added ocher powder) was added, followed by the addition of vol% water equal to the total solids and mixed using a kneader. The mixed body was subjected to the molding and drying process as before. The change of density and thermal conductivity of the ocher board according to the mixing amount of vermiculite is shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively.

Density Change According to Vermiculite Mixture Vermiculite Blending Volume (vol%) 20 30 50 60 Density (g / cm ³ ) 1.06 0.90 0.75 0.67

Thermal Conductivity Variation with Vermiculite Mixture Vermiculite Blending Volume (vol%) 20 30 50 60 Thermal conductivity 0.31 0.23 0.13 0.09

The density of vermiculite decreased as the amount of vermiculite increased, but the optimum amount of vermiculite was 50 vol%, which showed the maximum amount of ocher and showed no significant difference in the density of gypsum board. In this case, the weight was considerably reduced compared to the board made only of ocher, and it was possible to manufacture a light ocher board nearly approaching the density of gypsum board. In the case of thermal conductivity, the thermal insulation performance improved as the amount of vermiculite added increased, but the thermal conductivity was higher than that of gypsum board when 50 vol% of vermiculite was added.

Example 2

10 vol% of cement and 5 vol% of methylcellulose are mixed with 0.2 mm or less of loess having a particle diameter of 0.2 mm and passed through a sieve of 70 mesh, and 50 vol% of expanded vermiculite of 0.3 to 1.0 mm (volume of added ocher powder). ) Was added, and 0.3 wt% of hemp fibers having a length of 6 to 10 mm made by cutting the laces were mixed on the basis of the added ocher weight ratio. Since vol% of water as the total solids was added and mixed using a kneader. The mixed body was subjected to the molding and drying process as before. Compared to before mixing, it showed excellent physical properties in impact and crack resistance. After hemp fiber mixing, the propagation of cracks caused by external impact was suppressed, and brittleness, which is a disadvantage of ceramics, was suppressed, and the original fiber was retained by the added fiber without breaking and falling even when fracture occurred. Gypsum board is generally easy to cut for easy construction at the construction site. In the case of the manufactured ocher board, the cutting test result by the razor blade to find the degree of cutting, similar to the gypsum board was easily cut. When the fiber was not added, the cutting part was broken into small pieces and the cutting surface was uneven, but when the fiber was added, the same phenomenon was not observed, and the cutting surface was very smooth. The photograph of the ocher board with the damage suppressed at the external impact and the photograph of the ocher board having a smooth cutting surface after cutting by the razor blade were compared with the specimen made of pure ocher only, and the difference is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Example 3

Finally, 10 vol% of cement and 5 vol% of methylcellulose are mixed with 0.2 mm or less of loess having a particle diameter of 0.2 mm or less, and 50 vol% of 0.3 to 1.0 mm of expanded vermiculite is added. ) Was added and the cords were cut therein, and 0.3 wt% of hemp fibers having a length of 6 to 10 mm were mixed based on the added ocher weight ratio. After the addition of vol% of the same as the total solids, the mixture was mixed and kneaded using a kneading machine as in the previous molding and drying process was carried out. Experimental results such as antifungal properties, deodorant, far-infrared emissivity of the prepared ocher board are as follows.

1. Antifungal Properties

In general, fungi have mycelium-like mycelium that extends in all directions, and is known to grow by spores and to grow at relatively low temperatures. The antifungal test resulted after 4 weeks of mold mixed strain on ocher board. However, in the case of paper-coated gypsum board, the fungus was found on the paper surface. In fact, fungi are reported to like weakly acidic growth conditions and are known to have slow growth rates, but ceramics such as ocher have a weak alkali, and vermiculite is used as an auxiliary material in the manufacture of ocher boards. It is judged that there is almost no mold on the ocher board itself because of its excellent antifungal properties.

2. Deodorant

In order to evaluate the ability to remove various odors in the building by the construction of ocher board, ammonia water deodorization ability test was conducted by using gas inspection tube method. As the elapsed time increases, the deodorization rate increases, showing a high deodorization rate of more than 90%. The deodorizing effect is related to the pressure gradient of the gas, osmotic effect, etc., but the high deodorization rate of the ocher board is closely related to the pores formed in the structure of the ocher board. This can be seen in the high absorption rate results of ocher boards. As mentioned earlier, the high absorption rate absorbs moisture in the air, controlling humidity and improving odor absorption. Deodorization rate according to the elapsed time of the ocher board is shown in Table 8.

Elapsed time (minutes) 30 60 90 120 Deodorization rate (%) 90.4 92.7 93.4 94.6

3. Far infrared radiation characteristics

As can be seen from Fig. 3, the far-infrared radiation characteristic of the ocher board shows a total radiation rate of about 92.7% of the ideal black body in the wavelength range of 40 ° C. and 5-20 μm (far-infrared region which our body absorbs best). It was. This is almost the same result as the far-infrared radiation characteristic of loess. That is, the manufactured ocher board was found to be a human-friendly material having a very high far-infrared emissivity.

In addition to the ocher board, unlike the gypsum board has the advantage that it is very slow to react or loosen even when wet. According to the experiment, the ocher board was soaked in water for about 1 hour and no change or reaction occurred at all.

The final shrinkage, compressive strength, water absorption, density and thermal conductivity of the prepared ocher board are shown in Table 9 below.

Dry shrinkage rate ^￥ (%) Compressive strength (kgf / cm ² ) Absorption rate (%) Density (g / cm ³ ) Thermal Conductivity (kcal / m.h. ℃) 0 to 0.3 52 20 0.75 0.13

^In the case of the dry shrinkage rate, a value near zero was obtained by adding vermiculite. (Reference: compressive strength of gypsum board: 20 kgf / cm ² , density: 0.63 g / cm ³ , thermal conductivity: 0.14 kcal / mh ℃)

As shown in the measurement results of the physical properties of the finally produced ocher board, the strength was higher than that of gypsum board, and the density was almost the same, but slightly higher. In the case of thermal conductivity, the trend is almost similar to that of gypsum board, which shows that the thermal conductivity does not fall behind. The shrinkage rate associated with the molding process was close to zero, and no cracks appeared upon drying. In spite of this complex with other materials, the experimental results such as anti-mildew, deodorization and far-infrared emissivity of the ocher board remained almost the same as those of pure ocher.

As described above, the present invention enables the development of exterior ocher materials that can withstand the interior and exterior conditions of buildings using technology development through the hardening process of ocher, and the building board by the composite technology of vermiculite and fibrous fiber The shortcomings of loess as In addition, it was possible to manufacture ocher boards that retain the advantages of ocher by using additional materials that do not inhibit the inherent properties of ocher. Even in the manufacturing process through molding, a simple process of avoiding high pressure or other difficult processes and filling and kneading the mixed material into the mold is applied. It is expected to be able to manufacture new human-friendly ocher boards that are comparable to gypsum boards and make use of ocher's unique features by combining with other materials and simple molding technology. By commercializing these technologies, it is possible to spread environmentally and human-friendly building materials, and to increase competitiveness in terms of price.

In addition to the manufacture of ocher boards, such ocher hardening and lightening techniques can be applied to the manufacture of other building materials, particularly fragile ceramic materials. In addition, the application of this technology allows the use of human-friendly ocher materials with properties such as moisture proofing, deodorization, and far-infrared radiation in a wide range of other new fields.

Figure 1 is a photograph (b) of the ocher board accompanied only deformation without a complete destruction by the specimen (a) and the fiber made of pure ocher destroyed by external shock.

Figure 2 is a cut-away photograph (b) of a specimen (a) made of pure ocher uneven cut surface after cutting and a loess board showing a smooth fractured surface after cutting.

Figure 3 is a graph showing the far infrared radiation characteristics of the ocher board according to the present invention.

Claims (2)

Portland cement 5 to 10 vol%, methyl cellulose 2 to 8 vol%, 0.3 to 1.0 mm expanded vermiculite 20 to 60 vol%, and the remainder composed of loess having a particle size of 0.2 mm or less through a sieve of ocher 70 mesh. An ocher board composition for building materials, comprising 0.3 to 1.0% by weight of hemp fibers having a length of 5 to 30 mm and a cut of 0.3 to 0.7 mm thick hemp. Portland cement 5 to 10 vol%, methyl cellulose 2 to 8 vol%, 0.3 to 1.0 mm expanded vermiculite 20 to 60 vol%, and the remainder composed of loess having a particle size of 0.2 mm or less through a sieve of ocher 70 mesh. 0.3% to 1.0% by weight of 5-30 mm hemp fibers made by cutting the weight of 0.3-0.7 mm thick hemp fibers, followed by mixing and shaping by adding vol% water equal to the total solids A method for producing ocher boards for building materials, characterized in that drying for 12 hours at a temperature of 70-80 ℃.