KR20050112338A - Synchronizer of manual transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The synchronization device of the manual transmission according to the present invention includes a first sleeve moving in an axial direction by a shift fork, a second sleeve interlocked with the first sleeve and engaged with the speed gear, and the first sleeve and the conical clutch. It is composed of a synchronizer ring which is connected to the speed gear to synchronize the speed gear, the first sleeve and the synchronizer ring is easily separated when the first sleeve is returned to the neutral position has the effect of preventing seizure phenomenon.

In addition, since the second sleeve is configured to engage with the speed gear after the relative speed between the synchronizer ring and the speed gear is completely eliminated, double jamming can be prevented and shifting feeling is improved.

Description

Synchronizer of Manual Transmission

The present invention relates to a synchronization device of a manual transmission, and in particular, a first sleeve moved by a shift fork, a second sleeve interlocked with the first sleeve and engaged with a speed gear, and coupled with the first sleeve and a cone clutch. The present invention relates to a synchronizing device for a manual transmission, in which a double locking feeling is shifted during shifting, and seizure between components is prevented when returning to a neutral position, thereby improving durability and shifting feeling.

In general, the synchronous gear of the manual transmission receives the operating force of the shift lever through a shift control mechanism such as a control shaft and synchronizes the rotational speeds of the two gears when the driving gear and the driven gear are engaged so that the gears mesh with each other. It is a device that serves to prevent shift shock.

1 is a side sectional view showing a synchronization device of a manual transmission according to the prior art, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the synchronization device shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a synchronizer of a manual transmission according to the related art includes a hub 12 splined to a main shaft 10 and a gear formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof, and a shaft on an outer circumferential surface of the hub 12. A sleeve 14 coupled to be movable in a direction, a speed gear 16 coupled to and rotated by a bearing on the main shaft 10, a clutch gear 18 formed on one side of the speed gear 16, and And a synchronizer ring 20 positioned between the speed gear 16 and the hub 12 to synchronize with the movement of the sleeve 14.

In addition, a key 22 is further included between the hub 12 and the sleeve 14 to secure the hub 12 and the sleeve 14 to each other.

The key 22 has a projection at the back part and fits into three key grooves formed along the circumferential direction of the hub 12. The key 22 is in close contact with the sleeve 14 on the hub 12 side. Spring 24 is installed.

The synchronizer ring 20 receives a force from the key 22 when the sleeve 14 moves in the axial direction and is coupled to the cone portion formed in the clutch gear 18 by a conical clutch.

Looking at the operation of the synchronization device of the manual transmission according to the prior art configured as described above are as follows.

First, when the driver's shift lever operating force is transmitted to the sleeve 14 through the shift fork, the sleeve 14 is axially moved while sliding from the outside of the hub 12.

When the sleeve 14 is moved axially, the key 22 is moved by the sleeve 14, and the end of the key 22 pressurizes the synchronizer ring 20.

When the synchronizer ring 20 is pressurized by the key 22, the synchronizer ring 20 is in contact with the cone of the clutch gear 18 of the speed gear 16 and clutched by mutual frictional force. By acting, the rotation speed of the speed gear 16 is synchronized with the rotation speed of the main shaft 10.

When the sleeve 14 is engaged with the outer circumferential surface of the synchronizer ring 20, the sleeve 14 moves through the synchronizer ring 20 until it is engaged with the outer circumferential surface of the clutch gear 18.

When the sleeve 14 is completely engaged with the clutch gear 18, the hub 12 and the speed gear 16 are mechanically connected so that the speed gear 16 rotates at the same speed as the main shaft. .

However, according to the prior art synchronizer of the manual transmission, high surface pressure and friction force are generated on the contact surface of the synchronizer ring 20 and the clutch gear 18 by the movement of the sleeve 14, and by this surface pressure and friction force Due to the generated heat, the contact surface of the synchronizer ring 20 and the clutch gear 18 is sintered (Seizing) there is a problem that the coupling is not released.

In addition, after the sleeve 14 passes through the synchronizer ring 20, the force applied to the synchronizer ring 20 is momentarily dissipated when the sleeve 14 contacts the clutch gear. Since a relative speed is generated between the sleeve 14 and the clutch gear 18, excessive force is required for the sleeve 14 to be engaged with the clutch gear 18, so that a double locking feeling is generated, thereby increasing the durability of the transmission. There is a problem that the shift operation feeling is degraded.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, it is possible to improve the durability of the transmission by preventing a double jam when shifting, it is possible to prevent the seizure between parts when the sleeve is returned to the neutral position The purpose is to provide a synchronization device for a manual transmission.

The synchronization device of the manual transmission according to the present invention for solving the above problems is coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the hub and shifted in the axial direction by the shift fork when shifting, and coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the first sleeve A second sleeve axially moved by one sleeve, a synchronizer ring having a cone portion in close contact with the first sleeve when the first sleeve is moved, and connected to the synchronizer ring to be synchronized with the synchronizer ring And a speed gear engaged with the second sleeve.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a synchronous device of a manual transmission according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the synchronous device shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a neutral state of the synchronous device shown in FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a state at the start of shifting of the synchronization device shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a state after completion of synchronization.

3 to 7, the synchronization device of the manual transmission according to the present invention is a spline coupled to the main shaft 60, the spline coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the hub 62, the shift fork when shifting The first sleeve 64 is moved in the axial direction by (not shown), and the second sleeve 66 is coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the first sleeve 64 and moved in the axial direction by the first sleeve 64 ), A synchronizer ring 68 having a cone portion in close contact with the first sleeve 64 when the first sleeve 64 moves, and the synchronizer ring 68 connected to the synchronizer ring 68. And a speed gear 70 synchronized with the second sleeve 66.

The first sleeve 64 is formed with a fork groove 72 so that the shift fork (not shown) can be inserted into the center of the outer circumferential surface, and both sides of the fork groove 72 are formed in the second sleeve 66. Splined to the inner circumferential surface.

In addition, an inclined surface 78 corresponding to the cone portion 88 of the synchronizer ring 68 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the first sleeve 64 so that the synchronizer ring 68 may be in close contact.

The second sleeve 66 is formed such that an inner circumferential surface is splined to the outer circumferential surface of the first sleeve 64, and an end thereof is axially engaged with the speed gear 70.

The speed gear 70 is coupled to the main shaft 60 by a needle bearing 74, the gear teeth 76 on the side facing the second sleeve 66 to be engaged with the second sleeve 66. Is formed.

The synchronizer ring 68 is coupled to the main shaft 60 by a bush.

Meanwhile, the speed gear 70 and the synchronizer ring 68 are connected between the speed gear 70 and the synchronizer ring 68, and the first sleeve 64 is connected to the synchronizer ring 68. Coupling means 80 is provided to engage the synchronizer ring 68 and the speed gear 70 when in close contact.

The coupling means 80 includes a coupling groove portion 82 formed in the speed gear 70, a lug 84 protruding from the synchronizer ring 68 to be inserted into the coupling groove portion 82, and the coupling groove portion. And an elastic member 86 for axially connecting the 82 and the lug 84 and providing an elastic force.

The coupling means 80 is provided in plural along the circumferential direction so that the synchronizer ring 68 is not eccentric when approaching the speed gear 70.

That is, the coupling groove 82 is provided with a plurality of spaced apart from the speed gear 70 along the circumferential direction by a predetermined interval, the synchronizer ring 68 so that the lug 84 also corresponds to the coupling groove 82. A plurality is formed in).

Here, the lug 84 is a chamfer (84a) is formed on both edges of the end, the coupling groove 82 is the lug 84 so that the chamfer (84a) of the lug 84 is engaged after being engaged. ) Is gradually reduced in width toward the mating direction.

That is, the coupling groove 82 may be spaced at the inlet side of the coupling groove 82 while the relative speeds of the synchronizer ring 68 and the speed gear 70 are canceled. The width of the inlet side is formed larger than the width of the lug, the inner side of the coupling groove 82 is formed to be the same as the width of the lug 84 so that the lug 84 can be engaged.

In addition, the coupling groove 82 has a chamfer surface 82a formed between the inlet side and the inner side so that the chamfer 84a of the lug 84 is engaged with each other when the lug 84 is inserted.

In addition, one side of the elastic member 86 is fixed to the inside of the coupling groove 82, the other side is fixed to the end of the lug (84).

The elastic member 86 is a spring formed to elastically support the lug 84 and to compress when the synchronizer ring 68 approaches the speed gear 70.

Therefore, the synchronizer ring 68 is positioned by the elastic member 86 to be spaced apart from the speed gear 70 in a axial direction until it is synchronized with the speed gear 70.

Meanwhile, the second sleeve 66 is interlocked with the first sleeve 64 when the first sleeve 64 is returned to the neutral position between the first sleeve 64 and the second sleeve 66. Interlocking means 90 is provided.

The interlocking means 90 includes a locking groove 92 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the second sleeve 66 and a locking portion 94 fixed to the first sleeve 64 so that the locking groove 92 is inserted into and locked to the locking groove 92. )

Here, the locking groove 92 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the second sleeve 66, so that the first sleeve 64 is caught by the second sleeve 66 only when a predetermined distance or more moves. It is a slit groove formed long in the moving direction of one sleeve 64.

The locking portion 94 is a locking pin fixed to protrude toward the locking groove 92 from the first sleeve 64.

At least one locking groove 92 and at least one locking portion 94 are disposed at positions spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction by the first and second sleeves 64 and 66.

The operation of the synchronous device of the manual transmission according to the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.

First, as shown in FIG. 5, when the first sleeve 64 is in a neutral state, the engaging portion 94 of the first sleeve 64 is the engaging groove portion 92 of the second sleeve 66. It is caught in the side.

In addition, the synchronizer ring 68 is positioned spaced apart from the speed gear 70 in the axial direction by a predetermined distance, the lug 84 of the synchronizer ring 68 is connected by the elastic member 86 It is a state located at the inlet side of the coupling groove 82.

 Then, when the driver's shift lever operating force is transmitted to the first sleeve 64 through a shift fork (not shown), the first sleeve 64 is axially moved while sliding outside the hub 62. .

As shown in FIG. 6, as the first sleeve 64 moves, an inclined surface 78 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the first sleeve 64 is brought into close contact with the cone portion 88 of the synchronizer ring 68. .

When the cone portion 88 of the first sleeve 64 and the synchronizer ring 68 is in close contact with each other, the synchronizer ring 68 may move the speed gear 70 by a force pushed by the first sleeve 66. Move toward.

At this time, the lug 84 of the synchronizer ring 68 is located at the inlet side of the engaging groove 82 of the speed gear 70, and the main shaft 60 is formed by the synchronizer ring 68. And the relative speed of the speed gear 70 begin to cancel.

Here, the lug 84 is spaced in the circumferential direction in the coupling groove 82 to cancel the relative speed of the speed gear 70 and the main shaft 60.

In addition, the chamfer 84a of the lug 84 is engaged with the chamfer surface 82a of the coupling groove 82, so that the lug 84 is not engaged with the coupling groove 82.

Therefore, the synchronizer ring 68 no longer moves forward toward the speed gear 70 until the relative speed between the main shaft 60 and the speed gear 70 disappears, and thus the second sleeve 66 is prevented. ) Is also not engaged with the speed gear 70.

Therefore, when the synchronizer ring 68 and the speed gear 70 are not synchronized with each other, the second sleeve 66 is engaged with the speed gear 70 and a double jamming or component-to-part shock is generated. Can be prevented.

In addition, since the lugs of the synchronizer ring 68 are connected to the speed gear 70 at a plurality of positions, the synchronizer ring 68 is not eccentric and maintains an equilibrium state to the speed gear 70. I can access it.

On the other hand, when the first sleeve 68 is moved more than a predetermined distance, the locking portion 94 of the first sleeve 64 is caught by the locking groove 92 of the second sleeve 66, Since the first sleeve 64 interlocks the second sleeve 66, the second sleeve 66 may move forward toward the speed gear 70.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7, when the relative speeds of the synchronizer ring 68 and the speed gear 70 disappear, the synchronizer ring 68 is driven by the force pushed by the first sleeve 64. It is in close contact with the gear 70.

That is, the lug 84 of the synchronizer ring 68 is completely inserted into the coupling groove portion 82 of the speed gear 70 so that the lug 84 meshes with the coupling groove portion 82. Will be.

In addition, when the second sleeve 66 is meshed with the speed gear 70, when the second sleeve 66 and the speed gear 70 are completely engaged, the speed gear 70 is the main shaft 60. Since it rotates at the same speed as the shift is made.

Subsequently, when the driver operates the shift lever (not shown) to return the first sleeve 64 to the neutral position, the first sleeve 64 moves toward the neutral position.

Here, since the first sleeve 64 is moved by the shift fork (not shown), the first sleeve 64 is easily squeezed to the portion coupled to the conical clutch between the first sleeve 64 and the synchronizer ring 68 without easily occurring. Can be separated.

When the first sleeve 64 moves more than a predetermined distance, the catching portion 94 of the first sleeve 64 is caught by the other side of the catching groove portion 92 of the second sleeve 66. do.

Therefore, when the first sleeve 64 is continuously moved to the neutral position, the second sleeve 66 is moved together by the first sleeve 64, so that the second sleeve 66 and the speed gear The engagement of 70 can be easily released.

In addition, when there is no force pushing the synchronizer ring 68 as the first sleeve 64 is returned to the neutral position, the lug 84 of the synchronizer ring 68 and the coupling groove 82 become loose. It is released and the synchronizer ring 68 is spaced apart from the speed gear 70 by the restoring force of the elastic member 86.

The synchronization device of the manual transmission according to the present invention configured as described above includes a first sleeve moving in an axial direction by a shift fork, a second sleeve interlocked with the first gear in engagement with the first sleeve, and the first sleeve. And a synchronizer ring that is in close contact with the conical clutch and is connected to the speed gear to synchronize the speed gear. And the synchronizer ring are easily separated to prevent squeezing, and the second sleeve is interlocked with the first sleeve so that the first sleeve and the speed gear engage when the first sleeve returns to the neutral position. There is an advantage that it is easy to release.

In addition, the synchronizer ring and the speed gear is configured to be directly connected by the coupling means to perform a synchronous action, so that the second sleeve is engaged with the speed gear after the relative speed of the synchronizer ring and the speed gear is lost. Because of this, double jamming can be prevented and shifting feeling is improved.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a synchronous device of a manual transmission according to the prior art;

2 is an exploded perspective view of the synchronization device shown in FIG. 1;

3 is a cross-sectional view of a synchronous device of a manual transmission according to the present invention;

4 is an exploded perspective view of the synchronization device shown in FIG. 3;

5 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a neutral state of the synchronization device shown in FIG. 3;

6 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a state at the start of shifting of the synchronization device shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view schematically showing a state after completion of synchronization of the synchronization device shown in FIG. 3; FIG.

<Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>

60: spindle 62: hub

64: first sleeve 66: second sleeve

68: synchronizer ring 70: speed gear

72: fork groove 74: needle bearing

76: gear tooth 78: inclined surface

80: coupling means 82: coupling groove

84: lug 86: elastic member

88: cone portion 90: interlocking means

92: locking groove 94: locking

Claims (9)

A first sleeve coupled to an outer circumferential surface of the hub and axially moved by a shift fork when shifting; A second sleeve coupled to an outer circumferential surface of the first sleeve and axially moved by the first sleeve; A synchronizer ring having a cone portion in close contact with the first sleeve when the first sleeve is moved; And a speed gear connected to the synchronizer ring and synchronized by the synchronizer ring and engaged with the second sleeve. The method of claim 1, The synchronizing device further includes coupling means for connecting the speed gear and the synchronizer ring and synchronizing the synchronizer ring and the speed gear when the first sleeve is in close contact with the synchronizer ring. Synchronizer for manual transmission. The method of claim 2, The coupling means includes an engaging groove formed in one of the speed gear and the synchronizer ring, a lug protruding from the other one so as to be inserted into the engaging groove, and an elastic force connecting the coupling groove and the lug in an axial direction and providing an elastic force. A synchronization device of a manual transmission, comprising a member. The method of claim 3, wherein The end of the lug is formed with a chamfer, the coupling groove portion of the manual transmission synchronizer, characterized in that the width is gradually reduced toward the direction in which the lug is engaged to be engaged after the chamfer of the lug is engaged. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, And the synchronizing device further comprises an interlocking means such that the second sleeve is interlocked with the first sleeve when the first sleeve is returned to the neutral position so that the second sleeve is separated from the speed gear. Synchronization of the transmission. The method of claim 5, The linkage means is a synchronization device of a manual transmission, characterized in that consisting of a locking groove formed in any one of the first and second sleeves, the locking portion fixed to the other to be inserted into the locking groove. The method of claim 6, The locking groove is a slit groove formed long in the moving direction in the inner circumferential surface of the second sleeve, the locking portion of the manual transmission, characterized in that fixed to protrude upward from the first sleeve. The method of claim 7, wherein The first sleeve has a fork groove for inserting the shift fork is formed on the outer circumferential surface, the inclined surface formed in the inclined surface to be in close contact with the synchronizer ring on the inner peripheral surface. The method of claim 8, And the gear is formed at a side facing the second sleeve so that the speed gear can engage with the second sleeve.