KR20050025290A - Tiered semi-continuous dry distillation incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

A step stoker incinerator for semi-continuous dry distillation is provided to dry waste by distillation by inclining an upper part of the incinerator like a first grate, and to minimize clinker by artificially blocking inflow of combustion air and restricting dust. A stoker incinerator comprises an input hopper(12) putting waste, a first pusher type grate(13) inclined downward to dry waste by distillation, second and third moving grates(14,15) inclined downward to burn waste, an upper cover(16) inclined like the first grate, an ash discharge port(17) placed in a lower part of the third grate, a combustion gas discharge port(18) discharging combustion gas, and a second combustion chamber(19) burning unburned carbon. The first grate is composed of a fixed grate and a movable grate, and formed integrally. The second grate and the third grate are composed of a fixed grate and a movable grate and formed separately.

Description

Tiered semi-continuous dry distillation incinerator}

The present invention relates to a stepped semi-continuous dry stoke incinerator, and more particularly, a stepped semi-continuous dry stoke incinerator equipped with a pusher type grate and a moving great type grate to incinerate general waste or industrial waste. It is about.

In general, the existing Stoka incinerator for incineration of waste, as shown in Figure 1, the input hopper (1) for the input of waste, installed in the interior of the incinerator to perform the drying, combustion, post-burning step by moving the waste A drive grate 2, a discharge port 3 for discharging ash generated after the garbage is burned, a combustion gas discharge port 4 for discharging the combustion gas burned by the drive grate 2, and the combustion It is comprised by the secondary combustion chamber 5 which secondary-fires gas.

In this case, the stoka incinerator may be divided into various types according to the type of the driving grate, but may be classified into a pusher type and a moving grate type.

First, the pusher-type grate is composed of a fixed grate 6 and a movable grate 7 are alternately arranged, as shown in Figure 2a, the movable grate 7 reciprocating between the fixed grate 6 Exercise to move waste.

In addition, the pusher-type grate is not divided into each grate, it is made of an integral type, the material of the grate is generally cheaper than the grate of the metal material because it uses a fire-resistant material, grate between the grate between the grate Since there is little gap in the bottom, there is almost no inflow of combustion air from the lower part, thus incomplete combustion of wastes with a small amount of air in the initial dry distillation stage keeps the temperature in the dry distillation zone at a low temperature and prevents dust from scattering.

The moving great type grate consists of the fixed grate 9 and the movable grate 10, similar to the pusher type grate, as shown in FIG. The grate of each is separated, and the grate can choose left, right, up and down movement according to the characteristics of the movement.

In addition, the material of the moving grate of the moving type is made of a metal material rather than a fireproof material, and combustion efficiency is high due to the smooth inflow of combustion air from the lower portion between the separated grate, whereas a large amount of dust is generated due to the combustion air injection. Flows into.

The grate of the Stoka incinerator having the above characteristics is divided into a drying stage for drying, drying and gasifying waste, a combustion stage for burning the gasified waste, and a post-combustion stage for burning the remaining carbon after combustion. The temperature increases in order of drying stage, combustion stage, and post-combustion stage.

However, when incineration of general waste and industrial waste using the pusher-type stoka incinerator as described above, inflow of combustion air is not smooth and, unlike the moving great type, which can move up and down when transferring waste, only reciprocating motion Due to the nature of the pusher type, the waste is not mixed and the waste is not well burned.

In the case of incineration of industrial wastes having high calorific value using the above-described stoka incinerator, only drying and gasification processes should be performed in the drying stage, but not only drying and gasification processes but also combustion and post-combustion processes in the drying stage. At the same time, as shown in Figure 3, the combustion gas of the flame and high temperature is generated to apply a significant amount to the refractory material in the upper portion of the incinerator, affecting the life of the grate due to the formation of high temperature above the design value.

In addition, due to the rapid temperature rise in the drying stage, the inorganic materials in the solid material are melted to a temperature above the melting point to form a clinker, and dust is introduced into the large combustion gas by injecting a large amount of combustion air from the bottom, so that the downstream combustion gas There is a problem that the burden on the processing equipment.

Due to the above problems, the moving great type stoka incinerator is not used outside the industrial waste incineration outside of the country, but mainly used for the incineration of domestic waste, despite the above problems due to the high incineration efficiency in Korea. It is widely used in incineration of industrial waste.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, the incinerator grate is used by mixing the pusher type grate and the moving great type grate, stepped semi-continuous dry distillation is designed to the top of the incinerator similar to the slope of the grate To provide a stoka incinerator.

Stepped quasi-continuous dry stock stoker incinerator of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the stoka incinerator, the input hopper 12 through which waste is introduced, the first drying of the pusher type inclined downward while drying and drying The grate 13, the top cover 16 having the same inclination as the second grate 14 and the third grate 15 and the first grate 13 of the moving great type in which the combustion of waste is inclined downward. And an incineration ash outlet 17 located below the third grate, a combustion gas outlet 18 for discharging the burned gas, and a secondary combustion chamber 19 for burning unburned carbon.

Here, the first grate 13 is composed of a fixed grate (6) and a movable grate (7), each grate is integral, the second grate (14) and the third grate (15) is fixed The grate 9 and the movable grate 10, characterized in that each grate is separated.

In addition, the second grate 14 is characterized in that the pre-burning of the waste is made at a temperature of 800 ~ 1000 ℃, the third grate 15 is characterized in that the post-burning of the waste at a temperature of 1000 ~ 1200 ℃. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Fig. 4, the stepwise semi-continuous dry stoker incinerator according to the present invention is an input hopper 12 into which waste is introduced, a pusher type first grate 13 through which the incoming waste is dried and dried. A second grate 14 of the moving great type in which the preliminary combustion of the dried waste is performed, a third grate of the moving great type in which the post-burning of the waste is performed, and an upper cover having the same slope as the first grate ( 16), the incineration ash outlet 17 located in the lower portion of the third grate, the combustion gas outlet 18 for the discharge of the combustion gas and the secondary combustion chamber 19 for unburned carbon reburn.

At this time, the first grate 13, the second grate 14 and the third grate 15 is inclined downward, the top cover 16 is formed with the same slope as the grate.

Further, the pusher-type first grate 13 is a structure in which the fixed grate 6 and the movable grate 7 are alternately arranged, as shown in FIG. 2A, and the grates are not divided and are integrally formed. consist of.

In addition, the moving grate type second grate 14 and the third grate 15 is composed of a fixed grate 9 and a movable grate 10, as shown in Figure 2b, each grate is separated Structure.

First, the waste introduced into the incinerator through the input hopper 12 is transferred to the first grate 13 and loaded therein, where the drying and drying of the waste is performed.

In particular, since the first grate 13 is a pusher-type grate and is integrally formed with almost no gap between the grates, there is no inflow of combustion air from the bottom, and the top cover 16 formed at the same slope as the first grate 13. Due to the structure of), the inflow of combustion air is not smoothly artificially, and the drying and drying process of waste is actively performed.

In addition, the characteristics of the pusher-type grate does not smoothly enter the combustion air from the bottom to minimize the dust generation, it is possible to suppress the formation of the clinker in the drying and drying process low temperature.

Next, the waste that has undergone the drying and drying process in the first grate 13 is transferred to the second grate 14 to make the first combustion with high efficiency, and is transferred to the third grate 15 to perform post-combustion once again.

At this time, the second grate 14 and the third grate 15 are moving grate-type grates, in which most of the waste combustion and hot combustion gas are generated.

In addition, the high temperature combustion gas and the flame generated during combustion are discharged through the combustion gas outlet 18 formed in the upper portion of the third grate 15, and unburned carbon is secondary. Reburning takes place in the combustion chamber 19.

In addition, the incineration ash coarse from the third grate 15 to the post combustion is discharged through the incineration ash outlet 17.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Comparative Examples and Examples.

Comparative Example: Incineration of Waste by Existing Stoka Incinerator

In the existing Stoka incinerator as shown in FIG. 1, waste is first introduced through the input hopper 1.

Then, the introduced waste is transferred to the grate (2), the drying, drying and combustion process takes place in the grate (2).

At this time, when incineration of the waste of the synthetic resin system, the input of the waste and at the same time the rapid combustion of 1100 ~ 1200 ℃ temperature occurs in the front of the incinerator, the flame occurs as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the flame directly affects the lower grate and the upper part of the incinerator, thereby shortening the life of the incinerator.

Example: Waste Incineration Using a Stepped Semi-Continuous Dry Stokka Incinerator According to the Present Invention

First, as shown in Figure 4, the waste at room temperature introduced through the input hopper 12 is transferred to the first grate 13, causing an endothermic reaction at a temperature of 300 ℃ and dried, and again the temperature of 600 ~ 800 ℃ Gasification process takes place. At this time, the air amount is maintained at 10 to 20%.

 Then, the waste that has passed through the drying and gasification process is transferred to the second grate 14, the first combustion process occurs at a temperature of 850 ~ 1000 ℃, at this time, unburned unburned carbon is transferred to the third grate 1 to 2 seconds During the reburn process takes place at a temperature of 1200 ° C.

The shape of the flame generated in the second grate 14 and the third grate 15 is as shown in FIG. That is, since the flame does not directly affect the top cover 16 and the wall surface, the life of the incinerator is long, and the second grate 14 and the third grate 15 are made of a metal material, so that the fire is made of fireproof material. Compared to the first grate 13, the flame is safer.

The waste combusted in the second grate and the third grate is discharged through the secondary combustion chamber 19 through the combustion gas outlet 18, and the incineration ash of the combusted waste is discharged to the outside through the incineration outlet 17. .

The stepped semi-continuous dry stoker incinerator according to the present invention has an incinerator upper portion formed with a slope similar to that of the first grate, thereby artificially preventing the inflow of combustion air, thereby causing the drying and drying of the waste.

In addition, the first grate of the stepped semi-continuous dry stoker incinerator according to the present invention is an integrated pusher type grate, and since the inflow of combustion air from the bottom is not smooth, the generation of dust can be suppressed to the maximum, and the formation of clinker is minimized. The advantage is that you can.

In addition, the stepped semi-continuous dry stoker incinerator according to the present invention is designed so that the flame does not directly contact the upper part of the incinerator when the waste is burned to a high temperature, it is possible to prevent the flame shortens the life of the refractory and the grate of the incinerator. There is an advantage.

1 is a view showing a conventional stoka incinerator,

Figure 2a shows a pusher type grate,

Figure 2b is a view showing a grate of the moving great type,

3 is a view showing a form in which a flame is generated when burning industrial waste in the existing Stoka incinerator,

4 is a view showing a stepped semi-continuous dry stoker incinerator according to the present invention;

5 is a view showing a form in which the flame is generated when burning industrial wastes in the cascading semi-continuous stoke incinerator according to the present invention.

Claims (5)

In the stoka incinerator, Input hopper 12 into which waste is introduced, The first grate 13 of the pusher type in which the waste is dried and dried, and tilted downward; The second grate 14 and the third grate 15 of the moving great type in which the waste is combusted and tilted downward; Top cover 16 having the same slope as the first grate 13, Incinerator ash outlet 17 located in the lower portion of the third grate, Combustion gas outlet 18 for discharging combusted gas and A stepwise semi-continuous dry stoker incinerator, characterized in that it comprises a secondary combustion chamber (19) for burning unburned carbon. The method of claim 1, The first grate 13 is composed of a fixed grate (6) and a movable grate (7), stepped semi-continuous dry stoke incinerator, characterized in that each grate is integrated. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The second grate (14) and the third grate (15) consists of a fixed grate (9) and a movable grate (10), stepped semi-continuous dry stoker incinerator, characterized in that each grate is separated. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The second grate 14 is a preliminary combustion of the waste at a temperature of 800 ~ 1000 ℃, the third grate 15 is a post-combustion of the waste at a temperature of 1000 ~ 1200 ℃ Continuous distillation stoka incinerator. The method of claim 3, wherein The second grate 14 is a preliminary combustion of the waste at a temperature of 800 ~ 1000 ℃, the third grate 15 is a post-combustion of the waste at a temperature of 1000 ~ 1200 ℃ Continuous distillation stoka incinerator.