KR200226139Y1 - a trash burn device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste incineration apparatus, and more particularly, to a downflow waste incineration apparatus having a waste agitating grate capable of further increasing combustion efficiency by increasing air content according to agitating waste introduced into a combustion chamber.

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the existing upflow type dry distillation incinerator, which is safer and has a downward ventilation type with a grate for waste stirring to further improve the combustion efficiency of unburned fuel due to the addition of the function of stirring the waste in the combustion chamber. To provide a waste incinerator.

The present invention for this purpose is the primary chamber for primary combustion of the residual carbon and combustible gas drop-flowed from the distillation chamber (10), the distillation chamber (10) to dry and gasify the polymer waste on the inside of the incinerator body (1) Downflow type waste incineration device composed of a combustion chamber 20, a secondary combustion chamber 30 and a tertiary combustion chamber 40 for reducing NO _x by again / third combustion of unburned gas introduced from the primary combustion chamber 20 again. To; The burn 24 of the primary combustion chamber 20 is configured in a stepped shape, and the burn 24 is fixed with the movable grate 26 which stirs waste while moving forward and backward by the hydraulic cylinder 25. The fixed grate 27 to maintain is characterized in that the configuration constituted alternately.

Description

Downflow type waste incineration apparatus having a grate for waste agitation {a trash burn device}

The present invention relates to a waste incineration apparatus, and more particularly, to a downflow waste incineration apparatus having a waste agitating grate capable of further increasing combustion efficiency by increasing air content according to agitating waste introduced into a combustion chamber.

Generally, waste synthetic polymer wastes such as plastics, rubbers, and resins have low moisture content and high calorific value, so the incineration of the incineration method is incomplete combustion because the gas and air mixture on the surface of the waste is not smoothly mixed. It is easy to become. In order to solve this problem, high-speed combustion air injection is required, and about 2.5 excess air is required, so that dust is generated, thermal efficiency is reduced, and generation of pollutants such as NO _X is increased. In addition, localized overheating causes material damage.

Accordingly, in recent years, incineration has not been directly incinerated in the treatment of waste synthetic polymer waste, but the dry incineration method according to the primary dry gasification process using pyrolysis and the second complete combustion process is used.

Since the dry incineration method is an indirect incineration method in which a partial combustion layer is formed with an amount of air less than the theoretical air amount, combustible gas is generated through dry gasification through primary pyrolysis using this heat, and the gas is combusted in a combustion chamber. Incineration at a low excess air ratio is possible compared to direct incineration.

For example, in case of direct incineration, the excess air ratio is about 2 to 2.5, but indirect incineration dry distillation incineration is about 1.5 to 2. Accordingly, the dry distillation incineration completely burns the produced dry distillation gas, so the amount of pollutants is generated less, and various types of combustion heat utilization methods can be selected.

On the other hand, in the above-mentioned dry gas incinerator, the upflow dry gas incinerator is to incinerate the polymer wastes filled in the incinerator by drying → pyrolysis → gasification → combustion.

At this time, the waste put into the incinerator is converted to ash by the combustion of the lowermost layer and discharged downward, and the air required for partial combustion is continuously supplied from the lower side to maintain the combustion layer.

That is, by supplying the insufficient air less than the theoretical air to the lower part of the waste layer to form a partial combustion layer to create a heat insulating portion of the glowing state, and generates combustion gas and heat such as CO ₂ , H ₂ O. This heat is again used as heat of reaction of pyrolysis and gasification to produce combustible gases such as CO, N ₂ and traces of CH ₄ (methane gas).

To burn this gas, it must be drawn to the combustion chamber through the outlet of the upper part of the dry gasifier. That is, the gas flows upward because it is made upward.

However, the above-mentioned upflow type dry distillation incineration method has many structural problems of the system as it has been used in the country without accurate understanding of the generating mechanism.

For example, the combustible gas generated by upwardly releasing combustible gas contains condensable tar and oil as it passes through the waste bed, and also loses heat in this process, and thus the combustion chamber is a low temperature gas below 200 ° C. Are attracted to. The condensable tar and oil components continue to condense due to heat loss in the pipeline, attaching and accumulating with the dust in the pipeline, and closing the pipeline at the ultimate. In particular, the blockage of the pipeline by tar causes serious impediment to flow. In other words, it becomes impossible to maintain the negative pressure required for the dry gas fired furnace, thereby exposing the gas to the outside and the risk of explosion.

In addition, the condensable tar or oil is poor in combustibility, when the combustion in the combustion chamber, the content of soot and pollutants in the exhaust gas increases.

In addition, dry gasification should not be allowed to be excessively introduced into the furnace. The reason is that if a certain amount of air is mixed in the state where the generated flammable gas is full of the voids and the upper part of the waste, the combustion gas is exploded due to the heat of the combustion layer. Until now, accidents in dry burning incinerators have been explosive due to the inflow of excess air due to inadequate air volume control.

Due to these various problems, the up-draft incinerator is difficult to operate without a professional, and many devices for safety are required due to the inclusion of many dangerous factors. Indeed, even today, companies that use this type of incinerator have exploded accidents that often result in deaths.

The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, by improving the existing upflow dry distillation incinerator, more safe, as well as the addition of the function of stirring the waste in the combustion chamber to further improve the unburned combustion efficiency It is an object of the present invention to provide a bottom vent waste incinerator having a waste agitation grate to enable the waste gas.

1 is a block diagram of the down-vent type waste incineration apparatus according to the present invention

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the installation state of the movable grid according to the present invention

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1: incinerator body 10: distillation chamber

11: dry food supply nozzle 12: roaster

20: primary combustion chamber 21: combustion air supply nozzle

22: primary burner 23: exit

30: secondary combustion chamber 31: combustion air supply nozzle

32: 2nd burner 40: 3rd combustion chamber

41: air supply nozzle for combustion

Downflow type waste incineration apparatus having a waste stirring grate of the present invention for achieving the above object,

In the upper part of the incinerator main body, a drying chamber for dry and gasification of polymer waste, a primary combustion chamber for firstly burning residual carbon and combustible gas dropped from the drying chamber, and unburned gas flowing from the primary combustion chamber In a down-vent waste incineration device consisting of a secondary combustion chamber and a tertiary combustion chamber for reducing NO _x by tertiary combustion;

The burner of the primary combustion chamber is configured in a step shape, wherein the burner is moved forward / backward by a hydraulic cylinder, and a movable grate for stirring waste and a fixed grate for maintaining a fixed state are alternately installed. .

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the downflow waste incineration device supplies air to the upper part of the waste layer in the combustion chamber by about 25% less than the theoretical amount of air, thereby forming a flame layer while burning the volatile components easily contained in the waste layer. In this process, heat, combustion gases of CO ₂ and H ₂ O are generated, and carbonaceous solids (char) are retained through pyrolysis by flame.

The carbon moves to the lower side and heat and combustion gas are also attracted downwards to endothermic carbon and combustion gas to produce flammable gases such as CO ₂ , H ₂ and traces of CH ₄ .

At this time, since the combustion heat of the upper part is not lost except for the reaction heat used for gasification, the char layer and the ash layer in which gasification is performed are thermally stored as it is to maintain a high temperature of 800 to 1000 ° C.

The condensable tar or oil contained in the combustible gas in the dry distillation layer is pyrolyzed while passing through this high temperature layer to become a clean gas. This fuel gas can be collected separately for use.

In addition, the residual carbon and ash are dropped into the combustion chamber in order to burn even the remaining carbon used in the gasification reaction in the gasification layer (about 25% of carbon is calculated in the calculation), and at the same time, the attracted combustible gas is burned together. The residual carbon is completely burned and the final residue is converted to ash with very low heat cuts and discharged to the outside.

Characteristic here is that the flame is formed by the insufficient air at the top of the waste layer, so that the drying is simultaneously carried out, the gas is attracted downward and gasification reaction occurs in the char layer, and the combustible gas passes through the high temperature residual carbon and ash layer. The result is a clean, hot combustible gas containing no condensable tar or oil. At this time, since there is always a flame due to the volatile waste of the upper part of the distillation chamber, even if the air is suddenly oversupplied, there is no fear that the flammable gas may explode and the safety is high.

Thus, even a non-expert driver does not have a dangerous situation.

Figure 1 shows the configuration of the down-vent type waste incineration apparatus according to the present invention supporting the above-described content.

According to the drawing, the downflow type waste incineration apparatus of the present invention is provided with a dry distillation chamber 10 into which waste is injected into an upper one side of the incinerator body 1. In addition, a plurality of air supply nozzles 11 for dry distillation are installed in the dry distillation chamber 10 to burn volatiles by insufficient air supplied through the dry distillation (blocking the solid organic matter and heating and decomposing solid organic matter). Treatment to separate into non-volatile materials).

At this time, the ignition of the distillation chamber 10 is made by the primary burner 22 installed in the primary combustion chamber 20 which will be described later.

Accordingly, a flame layer is formed in the distillation chamber 10. In particular, a flame dried layer is formed at an upper portion and a gasification layer is formed at a lower portion thereof to generate a combustible gas.

In addition, a lower portion of the distillation chamber 10 is provided with a primary combustion chamber 20 having a stepped bottom surface, and one side wall of the primary combustion chamber 20 includes combustion air in the primary combustion chamber 20. A plurality of combustion air supply nozzles 21 to be injected into the furnace are installed, and primary burners 22 are installed to raise the temperature of the primary combustion chamber 20 to combust the combustion gas generated from the waste. .

In addition, the primary burner 22 serves to generate a flame by ignition of the distillation chamber 20.

In addition, the lower part of the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided with a secondary combustion chamber 30 and a tertiary combustion chamber 40 communicating with each other, and each of these combustion chambers 20 and 30 has a combustion air injected therein. Air supply nozzles 31 and 41 are provided, respectively, and secondary burners 32 for raising the temperature of the combustion chamber are provided at the boundary between the two combustion chambers.

On the other hand, the tertiary combustion chamber 40 is divided by the primary combustion chamber 20 and the partition wall (50).

Therefore, the combustible dry gas generated in the gasification layer of the drying chamber 10 is attracted downward to pass through the high temperature residual carbon and the bed, thereby decomposing the condensable tar and oil and then burning the primary combustion chamber 20. It is mixed with the combustion air supplied from the air supply nozzle 21 and ignited by the secondary burner 32.

At this time, the residual carbon used in the gasification reaction falls with ash to the lower portion of the roaster 12, continues to burn in the primary combustion chamber 20, is converted into ash, and discharged through the outlet 23. When all the combustion gas produced in the primary combustion chamber 20 is burned, the generation of NO _X due to the high temperature heat of combustion increases, and the superheat breakage of the combustion chamber occurs, so that the secondary combustion chamber 30 and the tertiary combustion chamber 40 are used. In order to minimize the generation of NO _x and increase the combustion efficiency.

In addition, the stepped image 24 corresponding to the bottom surface of the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided with a movable grate 26 spaced forward and backward by a driving means at intervals, so that the image surface of the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided. It serves to agitate the waste that is deposited.

Its specific configuration is shown in FIG.

According to the drawings, the movable grate 26 is installed in the upper and lower steps with the fixed grate 27 interposed therebetween, each movable grate 26 is forcibly moved forward and backward by the hydraulic cylinder 25 as a driving means. It is supported by the guide rod 28 to maintain stability during forward and reverse operation.

Therefore, the waste agitated by the movable grate 26 can double the combustion efficiency of the waste by smoothly flowing the combustion air into the waste.

The present invention as described above can increase the amount of air input to the waste by stirring the waste by the movable grate to increase the combustion efficiency.

In addition, since the incineration of the waste synthetic polymer waste is made by a downflow dry distillation incineration method, there is an advantage that a large amount of waste can be treated.

Claims (1)

Drying chamber 10 for drying and gasification of polymer waste in the upper part of the incinerator body 1, primary combustion chamber 20 for primary combustion of residual carbon and combustible gas drop-flowed from the drying chamber 10, In the down-vent type waste incineration device composed of a secondary combustion chamber 30 and a tertiary combustion chamber 40 to reduce NO _x by again and third combustion of the unburned gas flowing from the primary combustion chamber 20; The burn 24 of the primary combustion chamber 20 is configured in a stepped shape, and the burn 24 is fixed with the movable grate 26 which stirs waste while moving forward and backward by the hydraulic cylinder 25. Downward-type waste incineration device having a waste agitation grate, characterized in that the fixed grate to maintain (27) is alternately installed.