KR200422199Y1 - An apparatus for waste incinerating - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention operates waste heat recovery boiler by using the heat of combustion gas discharged from waste incinerator, and the waste gas containing a large amount of moisture is used by directly using the discharged combustion gas to dry the moisture of waste injected into the incinerator. A waste incineration apparatus for rapid incineration and increasing the amount of dry waste per hour to increase the incineration amount of waste without increasing the capacity of the incinerator, comprising: a first incinerator for pyrolyzing and burning waste introduced from outside; 1 The second incineration unit further burns and discharges the combustion gas and waste discharged from the incineration unit to be completely burned out, and the waste heat recovery unit which recycles and discharges the waste heat of the combustion gas discharged from the second incineration unit. In the waste incineration apparatus configured to include, the waste heat recovery unit A secondary recovery unit for discharging the heat of the combustion gas discharged by secondary recycling, the circulation unit for supplying the combustion gas discharged from the auxiliary recovery unit to the first incinerator and the second incinerator, the inputs to the respective components or Measuring unit for outputting a corresponding signal for measuring the state of the discharge, and a control unit for receiving the signal of the measuring unit to determine the current operating state and output a control signal accordingly.

Waste, incineration, combustion gases, drying

Description

An apparatus for waste incinerating

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The block diagram which shows the structure of the waste incineration apparatus by a prior art.

Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a waste incineration apparatus according to the present invention.

-Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings-

10: first incinerator 20: second incinerator

30: waste heat recovery boiler 40: auxiliary heat recovery device

50: dust removal device 60: circulation fan

70: blower fan 110: moisture sensor

120a, 120b, 120c: 1st, 2nd, 3rd temperature sensor

130: control unit

The present invention relates to an incinerator, and in particular, by using the combustion gas discharged from the waste incinerator directly to the moisture drying of the waste introduced into the incinerator, so that the moisture drying of the waste containing a large amount of water can be made quickly, The present invention relates to a waste incineration apparatus in which the amount of waste incineration is increased.

Food wastes, sludges, and wastes from industrial sites are rapidly increasing in accordance with the improvement of living standards and the development of the industry, which causes a lot of difficulties in their disposal. In addition, as the output documents increase due to office computerization, a lot of paper is needed, and accordingly, the amount of paper waste generated in the papermaking process increases.

Up to this point, the disposal of food waste and various wastes was a conventional method of underground reclamation, but there was a problem of contamination such as generation of leachate.

To solve this problem, a method has been disclosed in which waste is incinerated to reduce the overall volume and prevent contamination.

In case of using the waste treatment method by incineration, the waste should be incinerated in a completely dry state, but depending on the waste, a lot of water is included, especially when the sludge and food waste contain things such as sludge and food waste. Since a large amount of water is included, there is a problem that incineration of the waste is not made uniformly and incomplete combustion occurs.

In order to prevent incomplete combustion, it was necessary to dry the waste to the incinerator to a state where it can be easily incinerated.

In order to solve the above problem, Patent Application No. 2004257, 'The second gas reflux system of the waste incineration apparatus' has been disclosed.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of the above technique, wherein a first combustion process of burning waste A charged into an incinerator 1 with primary air 1a supplied from a lower end of the incinerator 1 and ; A secondary combustion step of supplying secondary air (1c) from the upper end and side parts of the incinerator (1) to the waste (A) that has undergone the primary combustion step to increase the calorific value by secondary combustion of unburned components in the gas; A waste heat recovery step of generating steam (2a) while recovering waste heat from the combustion gas supplied from the incinerator (1) to the waste heat recovery boiler (2); The waste heat recycling process of the combustion gas of the temperature lowered through the waste heat recovery process heats the primary air 1a through the heat exchanger 3, and supplies the heated primary air 1aa to the incinerator 1. ; A reflux step of supplying a portion of the combustion gas passing through the heat exchanger (3) to the incinerator (1) as secondary air (1c); The exhaust gas is supplied to the exhaust fan 4 for exhausting a portion of the combustion gas passing through the heat exchanger 3 to be discharged into the atmosphere.

Referring to the prior art configured as described above in detail.

First, the waste A charged in the incinerator 1 is combusted by the high temperature primary air 1a supplied from the lower end of the incinerator 1 (combustion step). The secondary part at the upper end and the side part of the incinerator 1 to control the temperature when the waste (A) is not completely burned in the process of burning with the primary air (1a) and the overheating of the incinerator (1) Supply air 1c.

When the unburned waste is combusted by the secondary air 1c supplied from the upper end and the side part of the incinerator 1, the temperature of the combustion gas rises to 1000 ° C, and the incinerator is supplied by the supply of the secondary air 1c. In (1), the combustion is accelerated and the amount of combustion gas sent to the waste heat recovery boiler 2 is increased by 30% than the amount of air exhausted from the exhaust fan ID Fan 4 (secondary combustion process).

The combustion gas supplied to the waste heat recovery boiler 2 in the incinerator 1 falls to 250 ° C. to 300 ° C. while generating steam 2a in the boiler 2, and the combustion gas that has passed through the waste heat recovery boiler 2. Is sent to the heat exchanger (3) in the state of being lowered (waste heat recovery process).

The combustion gas sent to the heat exchanger 3 heats the primary air 1a at room temperature supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger 3 to the primary air 1a at about 100 ° C., and then burns the combustion gas. The temperature drops to about 220 ° C. The primary air 1a thus heated is supplied to the lower end of the incinerator 1 through the first duct 5b provided in the primary blower 5. (Waste heat recycling process)

In the waste heat recovery process, the combustion gas passing through the heat exchanger 3 is changed to about 220 ° C., a part of which is at the upper end of the incinerator 1 through a second duct 5 having a secondary blower 51. It is supplied to the side part by secondary air 1c (reflux process).

When the secondary air 1c is supplied to the incinerator 1 as a branched part of the reflux process, the amount of heat required for the air at room temperature (about 20 ° C.) to become secondary air 1 c at about 200 ° C. is saved. can do.

By using the above technique, it is possible to easily incinerate wastes containing a large amount of moisture because the waste is dried using secondary air immediately before combustion.

However, when the waste incineration operation is performed, when the amount of water contained in the waste is large or when the amount of waste to be incinerated is large, the drying of the moisture does not occur properly.

That is, since the secondary air used for drying the waste is air heated at room temperature air supplied from the outside using combustion gas, the amount of heat that can be dried is limited since heat loss occurs during heat exchange. there was.

The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and operates the waste heat recovery boiler using the heat of the combustion gas discharged from the waste incinerator, and then directly supplies the discharged combustion gas to the waste incinerator or waste injected into the waste incinerator. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste incineration apparatus which can be used to directly dry the wastes containing a large amount of moisture so that the drying can be carried out quickly, and the incineration capacity can be increased and the incineration efficiency can be improved.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a waste incineration apparatus that directly increases the amount of dry waste, shortens the time for pyrolysis, and thus increases the amount of incineration since the high-temperature combustion gas is directly introduced to dry the waste introduced into the incinerator.

In order to achieve the above object, the waste incineration device of the present invention comprises a first incineration unit for pyrolyzing and burning waste introduced from the outside, and further combustion of the combustion gas and waste discharged from the first incineration unit and completely burned. A waste incineration device comprising a second incineration portion discharged after discharge and a waste heat recovery portion for recycling the waste heat of the combustion gas discharged from the second incineration portion, and the combustion gas discharged from the waste heat recovery portion. The secondary recovery unit for discharging the secondary heat of the secondary recovery unit, the circulation unit for supplying the combustion gas discharged from the secondary recovery unit to the first incineration unit and the second incineration unit, the state of the inputs or discharges to each component A measuring unit which outputs a corresponding signal to be measured, and receives a signal of the measuring unit to determine a current operating state and accordingly a control signal It shows that it is composed of the output control.

The measuring unit measures the amount of moisture contained in the waste introduced into the first incinerator and outputs a corresponding signal, the combustion gas discharged respectively installed in the first incinerator, the second incinerator and the auxiliary recovery unit discharged It is preferably configured to include a temperature measuring sensor for measuring the temperature of the output a corresponding signal.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 2, since the wastes introduced into the first incinerator 10 vary in the amount of moisture contained in the waste incinerator 10 and include combustible wastes and non-combustible wastes, the wastes are disposed in the first incinerator ( 10) It is desirable to grind the wastes to have a small particle size in order to ensure a constant mixing throughout and to increase the incineration efficiency.

In addition, when the waste is introduced into the first incinerator 10, since a transport mechanism such as a conveyor belt is used, the waste introduced into the first incinerator 10 is loaded at a predetermined height into the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt operates. It is desirable to set the speed constant so that the input amount of the waste is kept constant.

If the height of the waste loaded on the conveyor belt is kept constant, it is possible to measure the amount of waste introduced by measuring the operating speed of the conveyor belt.

In addition, when using a mechanism such as a crane instead of a conveyor belt, it is possible to install a weight sensing device on the crane to measure the load of the waste loaded by the operation of the crane. At this time, it is preferable that the operator adjusts the combustion state according to the load of the waste to be measured.

The moisture sensor 110 constituting the measuring unit in a state in which the wastes introduced into the first incinerator 10 are mixed and pulverized measures the moisture content of the waste introduced into the first incinerator 10 and outputs a corresponding signal. In this case, the signal output from the moisture sensor 110 is input to the controller 130.

After the required measurement values are obtained by the respective sensors, the waste is introduced into the first incinerator 10 and combusted.

The initial combustion of the waste requires an additional input of auxiliary fuel, such as diesel, but no additional input of auxiliary fuel is required after the combustion of the waste has commenced.

When the waste injected into the first incinerator 10 is burned, the combustion gas and waste generated by the combustion are discharged from the first incinerator 10 to the second incinerator 20.

Since combustion in the first incinerator 10 includes incomplete combustion, unburned waste and hot combustion gas generated in the first incinerator 10 move to the second incinerator 20 to be completely burned.

At this time, oxygen necessary for the operation of the first incinerator 10 and the second incinerator 20 is supplied by the blowing fan 70. The blowing fan 70 is preferably controlled to the degree of operation in accordance with the result of measuring the oxygen concentration contained in the combustion gas discharged to the outside.

Since the combustion gas generated by the operation of the second incinerator 20 maintains a temperature of approximately 950 ° C., the discharged combustion gas is introduced into the waste heat recovery boiler 30 to be recycled.

At this time, since the primary heat is discharged from the waste heat recovery boiler 30 using the waste heat of the combustion gas discharged from the second incinerator 20 for the purpose of heating and the like, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The combustion gas discharged after the first recycle in the waste heat recovery boiler 30 maintains a temperature of approximately 200 ° C. At this time, the combustion gas discharged from the waste heat recovery boiler 30 is guided to the auxiliary heat recovery device 40, and secondly recycles the heat of the combustion gas to obtain heating water and the like. However, when the amount of waste gas incinerated is small and the amount of combustion gas generated is small, the combustion gas discharged from the waste heat recovery boiler 30 may be directly discharged without leading to the auxiliary heat recovery device 40.

Part of the combustion gas discharged from the auxiliary heat recovery device 40 or immediately discharged without passing through the auxiliary heat recovery device 40 is led to the second incinerator 20 as in the prior art, and waste incineration in the second incinerator 20 is performed. Let this be done.

On the other hand, a part of the combustion gas discharged to the auxiliary heat recovery device 40 is directly injected into the first incinerator 10 so that the waste introduced into the first incinerator 10 is dried.

As described above, the combustion gas guided to the first incinerator 10 and the combustion gas guided to the second incinerator 20 pass through the dust removal device 50 while being guided to remove the dust contained in the combustion gas. It is desirable to.

Combustion gas that is not guided to the first incinerator 10 and the second incinerator 20 passes through the air pollution prevention device 80 to remove harmful substances such as dioxin, and then uses a ventilation fan 90. Release to the atmosphere.

A part of the combustion gas discharged to the auxiliary heat recovery device 40 flows directly into the first incinerator 10 to explain a process of drying waste.

The circulation fan 60 installed in the middle of the path from which the combustion gas is guided from the auxiliary heat recovery device 40 to the first incinerator 10 and the second incinerator 20 is converted so that the rotation speed is changed by a control signal input from the outside. By controlling the amount of combustion gas supplied from the auxiliary heat recovery device 40 to the first incinerator 10 and the second incinerator 20, the combustion state in the apparatus according to the present invention is changed.

Since the amount of water, temperature, and the like of the waste introduced into the second incinerator 20 are continuously changed, only a continuous gas supply by a constant operation of the circulating fan 60 cannot supply an appropriate amount of combustion gas. The controller 130 controls the rotation speed of the circulation fan 60 to be changed using signals output from the respective sensors.

That is, the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the first incinerator 10 and the second incinerator 20 is measured by the first and second temperature sensors 120a and 120b and a signal corresponding to the measured value is output. In addition, the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the auxiliary heat recovery device 40 is measured by the third temperature sensor 120c and then outputs a signal corresponding to the measured value.

The controller 130 controls the rotation speed of the circulation fan 60 to be changed according to the numerical value obtained through the signals output from the moisture sensor 110 and the first, second, and third temperature sensors 120a, 120b, and 120c. Preferably, the amount of combustion gas supplied to the incinerator 10 and the second incinerator 20 is changed.

The controller 130 receiving the signal obtained by the moisture sensor 110 outputs a control signal such that the rotation speed of the circulation fan 60 is increased when it is determined that the waste water content is high by the input signal.

When the rotation speed of the circulation fan 60 is increased, the amount of combustion gas guided from the auxiliary heat recovery device 40 to the first incinerator 10 increases, so that the drying speed of the waste is increased.

An increase in the amount of combustion gas directed to the first incinerator 10 means that the amount of moisture contained in the waste is large or the total amount of waste is large.

When the combustion gas guided to the first incinerator 10 touches the waste, the waste is rapidly dried by the heat of the combustion gas. In addition, the drying amount of the waste is also increased by increasing the drying rate of the waste, and the combustion degree in the first incinerator 10 is increased, so that the discharge from the first incinerator 10 measured by the first temperature sensor 120a is exhausted. It can be seen that the temperature of the combustion gas is raised.

Since the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the first incinerator 10 and then introduced into the second incinerator 20 is increased, the incineration rate in the second incinerator 20 is increased, and accordingly, the second temperature sensor 120b. Since the temperature of the combustion gas measured by) increases, it can be seen that the amount of steam obtained in the waste heat recovery boiler 30 using the combustion gas discharged from the second incinerator 20 is increased.

It can be seen from Table 1 that the heat generation amount in the waste heat recovery boiler is increased by increasing the drying degree of the waste.

division Combustion gas amount (N㎥ / hr) Required air volume (rN㎥ / hr) Circulating gas amount (N㎥ / hr) Boiler gas volume ((N㎥ / hr) Steam generation amount (Ton / hr)  Existing technology 3.0 ton / hr 34,512 32,168 - 34,512 14.5 2.5 ton / hr 28,794 26,839 - 28,794 12.1 2.0 ton / hr 23,076 21,510 - 23,076 9.7  This technology 3.0 ton / hr 34,512 32,168 13,805 48,317 20.3 2.5 ton / hr 28,794 26,839 11,518 40,312 16.9 2.0 ton / hr 23,076 21,510 9,230 32,306 13.6

In addition, by increasing the incineration rate in the second incinerator 20, it is possible to obtain the effect of increasing the degree of complete combustion of the combustion gas without increasing the capacity of the second incinerator 20.

As described above, after the waste is incinerated in the second incinerator 20, the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the second incinerator 20 is continuously measured by the second temperature sensor 120b, and thus Is input to the controller 130.

The controller 130 measures the temperature of the combustion gas by the input signal, and when the temperature of the combustion gas is higher than an appropriate level (for example, 950 ° C.), breakage of the incineration apparatus may occur due to overheating, and thus the circulation fan 60 may be used. The control signal is output so that the number of revolutions is reduced.

When the rotation speed of the circulation fan 60 is reduced by the control signal output from the controller 130, the amount of the combustion gas supplied to the first incinerator 10 is reduced, and at the same time, the combustion gas supplied to the second incinerator 20. The amount of is also reduced.

The degree of waste drying is reduced by the reduction of the amount of combustion gas supplied to the first incinerator 10, and the rate of waste incineration is reduced by the reduction of the amount of combustion gas supplied to the second incinerator 20, so that the second incinerator 20 is reduced. The amount and temperature of combustion gas discharged are lowered.

As described above, the auxiliary heat recovery after measuring the amount and water content of the waste introduced into the first and second incinerators 10 and 20 and the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the first and second incinerators 10 and 20 By controlling the degree of circulating the combustion gas discharged from the device 40 directly to the first and second incinerators 10 and 20, the degree of waste incineration can be increased, thereby increasing the amount of incineration without increasing the capacity of the incineration device. have.

The present invention configured as described above, the waste heat recovery boiler is operated by using the heat of the combustion gas discharged from the waste incinerator, and the combustion gas discharged thereafter is directly used to dry the moisture of the waste injected into the incinerator. By allowing the waste to be dried quickly, it has the effect of improving the incineration efficiency.

In addition, since the high-temperature combustion gas is directly injected to dry the waste introduced into the incinerator, the pyrolysis time of the waste is shortened and the drying amount per hour is increased, thereby increasing the amount of waste incineration without increasing the capacity of the incinerator.

Claims (2)

A first incineration unit for pyrolyzing and burning externally introduced waste, a second incineration unit for discharging the combustion gas discharged from the first incineration unit and the waste further to be completely burned, and then discharging the second incineration In the waste incineration device comprising a waste heat recovery unit for discharging the waste heat of the combustion gas discharged from the unit after recycling the waste heat, An auxiliary recovery unit for secondaryly recycling and discharging the heat of the combustion gas discharged from the waste heat recovery unit, a circulation unit for supplying the combustion gas discharged from the auxiliary recovery unit to the first incinerator and the second incinerator; A measuring unit for measuring a state of the waste introduced into the first incineration unit and a state of the combustion gas discharged from the auxiliary recovery unit and outputting a corresponding signal, and determining a current operating state by receiving a signal of the measuring unit And a control unit for outputting a control signal to control the circulation unit. The method of claim 1, The measuring unit measures the amount of moisture contained in the waste introduced into the first incinerator and outputs a corresponding signal, the combustion gas discharged respectively installed in the first incinerator, the second incinerator and the auxiliary recovery unit discharged Waste incineration device, characterized in that it comprises a temperature measuring sensor for measuring the temperature of the output a corresponding signal.

Images