KR20040110725A - Knocking determination method - Google Patents

Knocking determination method Download PDF

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KR20040110725A
KR20040110725A KR1020030040166A KR20030040166A KR20040110725A KR 20040110725 A KR20040110725 A KR 20040110725A KR 1020030040166 A KR1020030040166 A KR 1020030040166A KR 20030040166 A KR20030040166 A KR 20030040166A KR 20040110725 A KR20040110725 A KR 20040110725A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
knocking
engine
integral value
filter constant
determining
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KR1020030040166A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100471903B1 (en
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임한승
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현대자동차주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
    • G01L23/221—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/027—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions using knock sensors

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for determining knocking is provided to improve an engine output by controlling the knocking and to improve endurance of the engine by preventing the knocking. CONSTITUTION: Knocking is detected by using a knocking sensor mounted on a cylinder block of an engine(S1). A predetermined frequency component is extracted from a knocking signal outputted from the knocking sensor(S2). An integrated value of the knocking signal is outputted by integrating the extracted frequency component(S3). A filter constant is determined according to an engine load and an engine speed(S4). Then, the integrated value is filtered by using the filter constant(S5). The knocking is determined when the present integrated value is larger than a knocking determination critical value(S6).

Description

노킹 판정 방법 {Knocking determination method}Knocking determination method

본 발명은 노킹 판정 방법에 관한 것으로, 좀더 상세하게는 노킹센서의 출력신호를 처리하여 노킹 발생 여부를 판정하는 노킹 판정 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a knocking determination method, and more particularly, to a knocking determination method for determining whether knocking has occurred by processing an output signal of a knocking sensor.

일반적으로, 노킹이란 엔진 운전중 화염파가 연소실벽을 때리는 현상을 말한다. 즉, 엔진 운전중 연소실내에서 정상의 연소파가 진행됨에 따라 미연소 가스는 압축되고 온도가 상승되어 연소실 벽이 가열된다. 이때 미연소 가스가 자기 착화 온도에 도달하면 전체 미연소 가스가 동시에 격렬한 연소를 일으키게 되어 연소실벽을 작은 해머로 두드리는 것과 같이 화염파가 연소실 벽을 때리게 되며, 이러한 현상을 노킹이라 한다.In general, knocking refers to a phenomenon in which a flame wave hits a combustion chamber wall during engine operation. That is, as the normal combustion wave progresses in the combustion chamber during engine operation, the unburned gas is compressed and the temperature is increased to heat the combustion chamber wall. At this time, when the unburned gas reaches the self-ignition temperature, the entire unburned gas simultaneously causes violent combustion, so that the flame waves strike the combustion chamber wall, such as tapping the combustion chamber wall with a small hammer, which is called knocking.

상기와 같은 노킹 현상은 엔진의 출력 및 내구성 등에 좋지 않은 영향을 미치게 되므로, 이와 같은 노킹 현상을 예방하기 위한 노킹 제어가 필요하게 된다.The knocking phenomenon as described above adversely affects the output and durability of the engine, and therefore, knocking control for preventing the knocking phenomenon is required.

통상의 노킹 제어는 엔진의 실린더블록에 장착된 노킹센서를 이용하는데, 상기 노킹센서에서 출력되는 진동신호를 엔진제어유니트에서 특정 방식으로 처리하여 노킹 발생 여부를 판단하고 이를 바탕으로 점화시기를 조절함으로써 노킹을 예방하고 있다.Normal knocking control uses a knocking sensor mounted on a cylinder block of an engine. The vibration signal output from the knocking sensor is processed in a specific manner by an engine control unit to determine whether knocking occurs and to adjust the ignition timing based on the knocking sensor. Knocking is prevented.

즉, 노킹센서에서 출력되는 진동신호에서 특정 주파수 성분만 추출하여 적분기를 사용하여 일정시간 동안 적분한 다음 엔진제어유니트로 전송하고, 엔진제어유니트는 상기 적분값의 변화율을 바탕으로 노킹 발생 여부를 판정한다.That is, only a specific frequency component is extracted from the vibration signal output from the knocking sensor, integrated for a predetermined time using an integrator, and then transmitted to the engine control unit, and the engine control unit determines whether knocking occurs based on the rate of change of the integral value. do.

즉, 노킹이 발생한 것으로 판정하는 조건은 다음과 같이 적분값의 변화율이 임계값 보다 큰 경우이다.That is, the condition for determining that knocking has occurred is a case where the rate of change of the integral value is larger than the threshold value as follows.

현재적분값/이전적분값 > 노킹판정임계값Current Integral Value / Previous Integral Value> Knocking Threshold

그러나, 상기와 같은 적분값에는 노킹 성분 이외에 이와 비슷한 주파수를 가지는 엔진 노이즈(noise) 성분도 포함되어 있고, 가속/감속 등에 의해 엔진부하 및 엔진알피엠이 달라질 경우에 엔진 노이즈도 같이 변하게 되어 적분값의 변화가 커지게 된다. 따라서, 노킹이 발생하지 않았음에도 불구하고 엔진 노이즈 변화에 의해 노킹이 발생한 것으로 오판정하는 경우가 발생될 수 있다.However, the integral value includes an engine noise component having a similar frequency in addition to the knocking component, and when the engine load and the engine RMP are changed by acceleration / deceleration, the engine noise is also changed to change the integral value. Becomes large. Therefore, even though knocking has not occurred, a case in which a misjudgment of knocking has occurred due to engine noise change may occur.

이에, 본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 과제를 해소하기 위해 발명된 것으로, 노킹 판정시 엔진 노이즈의 영향을 배제하여 노킹 발생 여부를 정확하게 판정하고, 정확한 노킹 판정에 의한 노킹 제어를 통해 엔진 출력을 향상시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 노킹 방지에 의해 엔진 내구성을 향상시킬 수 있는 노킹 판정 방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention is invented to solve the above problems, it is possible to exclude the influence of the engine noise during the knocking determination to accurately determine whether knocking occurs, and to improve the engine output through the knocking control by the accurate knocking determination Not only that, but also to provide a knocking determination method that can improve engine durability by preventing knocking.

상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 노킹 판정 방법은, 엔진의 실린더 블록에 장착된 노킹센서를 이용하여 노킹을 감지하는 단계와; 상기 노킹센서에서 출력되는 노킹신호에서 특정 주파수 성분만 추출하는 단계와; 상기 추출된 신호를 적분하여 적분값을 출력하는 단계와; 엔진부하 및 엔진속도에 따라 필터상수를 결정하는 단계와, 상기와 같이 선택된 필터상수를 이용하여 적분값을 필터링하는 단계와; 현재 적분값을 상기 필터링된 적분값으로 나눈값이 미리 설정된 노킹판정임계값 보다 크면 노킹이 발생한 것으로 판정하는 단계를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.The knocking determination method according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of: detecting knocking using a knocking sensor mounted on the cylinder block of the engine; Extracting only a specific frequency component from a knocking signal output from the knocking sensor; Integrating the extracted signal to output an integral value; Determining a filter constant according to the engine load and the engine speed, and filtering the integral value using the filter constant selected as described above; And determining that knocking has occurred when a value obtained by dividing a current integral value by the filtered integral value is larger than a preset knocking determination threshold value.

상기 적분값을 필터링하는 단계는, Y(n) = K ×(X(n)-Y(n-1)) + Y(n-1)의 수식으로 필터링하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 여기서, K = 1/필터상수, X = 적분값, Y = 필터링된 적분값 이다.The filtering of the integral value may include filtering by a formula of Y (n) = K × (X (n) −Y (n−1)) + Y (n−1). Where K = 1 / filter constant, X = integral value, and Y = filtered integral value.

상기 필터상수를 결정하는 단계는, 엔진부하에 따라 미리 설정되어 있는 2개의 필터상수 중에서 어느 하나를 선택하는 단계와; 엔진속도에 따라 상기 엔진부하에 따라 선택된 필터상수 또는 미리 설정되어 있는 다른 하나의 필터상수 중에서 어느 하나를 선택하여 필터상수로 결정하는 단계를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.The determining of the filter constant may include selecting one of two filter constants preset according to an engine load; And selecting one of the filter constant selected according to the engine load or one of the other predetermined filter constants according to the engine load to determine the filter constant.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 노킹 판정 방법의 순서도,1 is a flowchart of a knocking determination method according to the present invention;

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 적분값의 필터링 과정을 설명하기 위한 도면이다.2 is a diagram illustrating a filtering process of an integral value according to the present invention.

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10 : 제1필터상수결정부 20 : 제2필터상수결정부10: first filter constant determiner 20: second filter constant determiner

30 : 저역통과필터30: low pass filter

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 설명한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 노킹 판정 방법의 순서도이다. 상기 도 1에서 도시된 바와 같이, 단계(S1)에서는 엔진의 실린더 블록에 장착된 노킹센서를 이용하여 노킹을 감지한다. 이때, 상기 노킹센서는 일종의 가속도센서로 엔진의 실린더 블록에 설치되어 노킹이 발생될 때 실린더 블록의 진동을 검출하여 출력하는 것이다.1 is a flowchart of a knocking determination method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in step S1, knocking is sensed using a knocking sensor mounted on a cylinder block of an engine. In this case, the knocking sensor is a kind of acceleration sensor installed in the cylinder block of the engine to detect and output the vibration of the cylinder block when knocking is generated.

이어서, 단계(S2)에서는 대역통과필터를 사용하여 상기 노킹센서에서 출력되는 진동신호에서 특정 주파수대역의 성분만 추출하여 출력한다.Subsequently, in step S2, only a component of a specific frequency band is extracted and output from the vibration signal output from the knocking sensor using a band pass filter.

그리고, 단계(S3)에서는 적분기를 사용하여 상기와 같이 추출된 신호를 적분하여 적분값을 엔진제어유니트로 출력한다.In step S3, the integrated signal is integrated using the integrator to output the integrated value to the engine control unit.

또한, 단계(S4)에서는 엔진부하 및 엔진속도에 따라 필터상수를 결정하고, 단계(S5)에서는 상기와 같이 선택된 필터상수를 이용하여 적분값을 필터링한다.Further, in step S4, the filter constant is determined according to the engine load and the engine speed, and in step S5, the integral value is filtered using the filter constant selected as described above.

즉, 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 제1필터상수결정부(10)에서 엔진부하에 따라 미리 설정되어 있는 2개의 필터상수(B, C) 중에서 어느 하나를 선택하여 출력하고, 제2필터상수결정부(20)에서 엔진속도에 따라 상기 엔진부하에 따라 선택된 필터상수(B 또는 C) 또는 미리 설정되어 있는 다른 하나의 필터상수(C) 중에서 어느 하나를 선택하여 필터상수로 결정한다.That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the first filter constant determination unit 10 selects and outputs any one of two filter constants B and C preset according to the engine load, and outputs the second filter constant. The determination unit 20 selects one of the filter constants B or C selected according to the engine load or the other predetermined filter constant C according to the engine load and determines the filter constant.

그리고, 저역통과필터(30)가 상기와 같이 결정된 필터상수를 이용하여 적분값을 필터링하는데, 그 필터링 방법은 Y(n) = K ×(X(n)-Y(n-1)) + Y(n-1)의 수식으로 표현될 수 있다. 여기서, K = 1/필터상수, X = 적분값, Y = 필터링된 적분값 이다.The low pass filter 30 filters the integral value using the filter constant determined as described above, and the filtering method is Y (n) = K × (X (n) -Y (n-1)) + Y It can be expressed by the formula of (n-1). Where K = 1 / filter constant, X = integral value, and Y = filtered integral value.

결론적으로, 필터링된 적분값이 현재 적분값을 추종하도록 변화되어서, 노킹 판정 조건을 좀더 엄격하게 만드는 것이다.In conclusion, the filtered integral value is changed to follow the current integral value, making the knocking determination condition more stringent.

그리고, 단계(S6)에서는 엔진제어유니트가 현재 적분값을 상기 필터링된 이전 적분값으로 나누고, 이와 같이 나누어진 값이 미리 설정된 노킹판정임계값 보다 크면 노킹이 발생한 것으로 판정한다.In step S6, the engine control unit divides the current integral value by the filtered previous integral value, and determines that knocking has occurred when the divided value is larger than the preset knock determination threshold value.

이상에서 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따르면, 노킹 판정시 엔진 노이즈의 영향을 배제하여 노킹 발생 여부를 정확하게 판정하고, 정확한 노킹 판정에 의한 노킹 제어를 통해 엔진 출력을 향상시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 노킹 방지에 의해 엔진 내구성을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately determine whether knocking has occurred by excluding the influence of engine noise during knocking determination, and to improve engine output through knocking control by accurate knocking determination, and also by preventing knocking. There is an effect that can improve the engine durability.

Claims (3)

엔진의 실린더 블록에 장착된 노킹센서를 이용하여 노킹을 감지하는 단계와; 상기 노킹센서에서 출력되는 노킹신호에서 특정 주파수 성분만 추출하는 단계와; 상기 추출된 신호를 적분하여 적분값을 출력하는 단계와; 엔진부하 및 엔진속도에 따라 필터상수를 결정하는 단계와, 상기와 같이 선택된 필터상수를 이용하여 적분값을 필터링하는 단계와; 현재 적분값을 상기 필터링된 적분값으로 나눈값이 미리 설정된 노킹판정임계값 보다 크면 노킹이 발생한 것으로 판정하는 단계를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 노킹 판정 방법.Detecting knocking using a knocking sensor mounted on a cylinder block of the engine; Extracting only a specific frequency component from a knocking signal output from the knocking sensor; Integrating the extracted signal to output an integral value; Determining a filter constant according to the engine load and the engine speed, and filtering the integral value using the filter constant selected as described above; And determining that knocking has occurred if a value obtained by dividing a current integral value by the filtered integral value is larger than a preset knock determination threshold value. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 적분값을 필터링하는 단계는, Y(n) = K ×(X(n)-Y(n-1)) + Y(n-1)의 수식으로 필터링하는 것을 특징으로 하는 노킹 판정 방법. 여기서, K = 1/필터상수, X = 적분값, Y = 필터링된 적분값 이다.The method of claim 1, wherein the filtering of the integral value comprises filtering by a formula of Y (n) = K × (X (n) -Y (n-1)) + Y (n-1). Knock determination method. Where K = 1 / filter constant, X = integral value, and Y = filtered integral value. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 필터상수를 결정하는 단계는, 엔진부하에 따라 미리 설정되어 있는 2개의 필터상수 중에서 어느 하나를 선택하는 단계와; 엔진속도에 따라 상기 엔진부하에 따라 선택된 필터상수 또는 미리 설정되어 있는 다른 하나의 필터상수 중에서 어느 하나를 선택하여 필터상수로 결정하는 단계를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 노킹 판정 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of the filter constant comprises: selecting one of two filter constants preset according to an engine load; And determining any one of a filter constant selected according to the engine load or another filter constant set in advance according to the engine speed to determine the filter constant.
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