KR20040106913A - Solid fuel boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A solid fuel boiler is provided to increase combustion efficiency and heat exchange efficiency by supplying the fixed amount of solid fuel, removing incinerated ashes and preventing the grate from being molten. CONSTITUTION: A solid fuel boiler is composed of a fixed amount supply unit(10) supplying solid fuel to a grate(42) of a combustion chamber(4), a preheat supply unit(20) increasing temperature of air by using waste heat of exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber and supplying combustion air, a negative pressure operating unit(30) decreasing pressure of the combustion chamber, a combustor(40) withdrawing ashes from the grate and cooling, and a heat exchanger increasing the heat transfer area of a boiler body(1).

Description

Solid Fuel Boiler {SOLID FUEL BOILER}

The present invention relates to a solid fuel boiler, and more particularly, in a boiler using solid fuel (coke, coal, lignite, etc.), the quantitative supply of solid fuel, the removal of completely burned ash, the prevention of burn melting and the combustion efficiency and The present invention relates to a solid fuel boiler having greatly improved heat exchange efficiency.

In general, solid fuel, for example coke, is a porous solid fuel obtained by solidifying coal at high temperature from 1000 to 1200 ° C. It is black. The calorific value is 6,000 to 7,5000 Kcal and the ignition temperature is 400 to 600 ° C. It is widely used for steelmaking, casting, gasification (city gas and chemical industry), etc. Recently, solid fuels such as coke are very economical compared to oil boilers or gas boilers, so boilers using solid fuels such as coke are used. I need it.

However, unlike boilers that use oil or gas as fuel, solid fuel boilers must continuously supply solid fuel and produce ash during the combustion process. For example, the solid fuel using the coke could not be used effectively such as burns in the combustion chamber in the process of burning at a high temperature of 600 ~ 700 ℃ and heat exchange efficiency is low.

The present invention is to solve this problem, the fixed amount supply of solid fuel, the preheat supply of the combustion air, the negative pressure operating device to lower the air pressure in the combustion chamber, the ash burned in the burn and can be blocked from high heat And a heat exchanger having an increased heat transfer area.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the present invention from the side

2 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of FIG.

3 is a partially enlarged front view of the present invention;

4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG.

5 is a perspective view of the combustion device of the present invention

6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the image portion of the present invention

Figure 8 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the image and the rotary blade of the present invention.

9 is a partial cutaway perspective view showing a heat transfer fin configuration of the present invention

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: boiler body 2: water tank

3: water pipe 4: combustion chamber

10: fixed quantity supply device 11: fuel input pipe

12: transfer screw 14: detection sensor

20: preheating supply 21: outer cylinder

22: vortex type pipe 23: inlet

24: connector 25: blower

27,27 ': Air supply pipe 30: Negative pressure operation device

31: air supply discharge pipe 40: combustion device

41: oven 42: burn

43: through hole 44: rotating shaft tube

45: air outlet 45a: nozzle hole

46: rotary blade 47: contact

48: nozzle hole 49: operating lever

50: crank device 51: operating rod

60: heat exchanger 61: heat transfer fin

The solid fuel boiler of the present invention has a fixed quantity supply device 10 for supplying solid fuel to the burner 42 in the combustion chamber 4 in the boiler body 1 provided with the water tank 2 and the water pipe 3, and the combustion chamber ( 4) Preheat supply device 20 for raising the air to supply combustion air by using waste heat of exhaust gas discharged from 4), and negative pressure driving device for operating the pressure in combustion chamber 4 at low atmospheric pressure suitable for combustion. 30 and a take-out function for taking out the ashes completely burned in the burn 42 to the lower ash tray 7 and a cooling function so that the burn 42 does not melt due to the high heat generated during the combustion of the solid fuel. The heat exchanger 60 which increased the heat transfer area of the combustion apparatus 40 and the boiler main body 1 arrange | positioned at the water tank 2 and the water pipe 3 is comprised.

The solid fuel supply device 10 is; A fuel injection pipe 11 for introducing solid fuel into the burn 42 in the combustion chamber 4 is installed under the hopper 13 on one side of the boiler body 1, and the transfer screw 12 in the fuel injection pipe 11 is provided. Is installed to supply the solid fuel contained in the hopper 13 by the rotation of the transfer screw 12 to the image 42, but detecting the change in the heating surface color of the oven (41) outside the oven (41) ( 14) to supply the solid fuel by a means for rotating the transfer screw 12 of the fuel injection pipe 11 by the transmission signal of the detection sensor (14).

The preheating supply device for the combustion air 20 is; The outer cylinder 21 is provided on the outer periphery of the communication 6 above the combustion chamber 4, and the vortex-type pipe line 22 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the communication 21 therebetween, and the inlet port 23 on the upper side is provided by the blower 25. Preheated while the outside air flows in through the circumference of the communication (6) through the through) through the connecting pipe 24 and the blower 25 at the lower portion of the air supply pipe (27) (27 ') Through the supply to the combustion device 40 in the combustion chamber (4).

The negative pressure driving device 30; Air pressure to blow in the exhaust direction by installing an air supply discharge pipe 31 connected to the air distribution unit 26 so as to blow air in the exhaust direction in the communication (6) portion of the combustion chamber 4 is discharged from the combustion chamber (4) As a result, the atmospheric pressure of the combustion chamber 4 is lowered.

The combustion device 40; It is installed at the lower part of the combustion chamber 4 and the upper part of the ash tray 7, and an image 42 having a plurality of through holes 43 is formed in the middle of the oven 41, and the through holes 43 function as an air spray nozzle. And a blowout hole function, and an air outlet port 45 of upper and lower light is provided at the center of the upper side of the rotating shaft tube 44 in which the rotating shaft tube 44 is vertically inserted into the center hole 42a of the image 42. A plurality of air injection nozzle holes 45a are formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof, and radially install a rotary blade 46 made of a tubular body 46a at the lower end of the air jet port 45, but one side of the lower part of the rotary blade 46 protrudes downwards to burn the image ( 42 and a plurality of air injection nozzle holes 48 formed at the bottom of the rotary blade 46 having a space portion inside the contact table 47, and the image 42 The operating lever 49 is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft tube 44 located at the lower part and connected to the operating rod 51 of the crank device 50. The rotating blade 46 can be rotated left and right by the crank device 50, the lower end of the rotary shaft pipe 44 is installed in the fixed pipe 52 connected to the air supply pipe 27, the air of the air supply pipe 27 Supply is made and another air supply pipe 27 'is installed at the lower end of the oven 41 so that combustion air is supplied to the through hole 43 of the image 42.

The heat exchanger 60 is; Comprising a boiler body (1) consisting of a water tank (2) formed on the outer wall of the combustion chamber (4) and an outer circumferential surface of the upper flue (5) and a water pipe (3) installed in a coil form on the combustion chamber (4) to be in direct thermal contact. The heat transfer fins 61 perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the combustion chamber 4 located in (2) are arranged radially.

In the figure, reference numeral 2a denotes an inlet, 2b outlet, 8 a redraw door, P denotes a flame confirmation window, and 42a denotes an image surface.

The solid fuel boiler of the present invention transfers the solid fuel in the direction of the fuel input pipe 11 by the rotational operation of the transfer screw 12 located below the hopper 13 while the solid fuel is contained in the hopper 13. The fuel injection pipe 11 at the tip of the fuel injection pipe 11 in a fixed amount into the burn 42 in the combustion chamber 4, and then the transfer screw 12 is stopped and the solid fuel placed in the burn 42 is burned. When the firepower gradually decreases in the combustion process and the surface color heated on the oven 41 changes, the fuel is transferred to the detection sensor 14 and the rotating screw 12 of the fuel injection pipe 11 is rotated by the detection signal. As a means for the quantitative supply of the solid fuel is performed sequentially.

The combustion air supplied to the combustion device 40 in the combustion chamber 4 is blown by the blower 25 along the vortex-type pipe line 22 on the outer circumferential surface of the communication 6 at the inlet 23 of the upper side of the communication 6. The combustion air is heated to a predetermined temperature by the waste heat of the combustion chamber 4 discharged to the communication 6 while flowing into the vortex state, and is preheated to the image 42 through the air supply pipes 27 and 27 '. By supplying air, the combustion efficiency is greatly improved.

Further, the air in the combustion chamber 4 is blown in the exhaust direction by the air supply discharge pipe 31 provided in the communication section 6 through which the combustion gas is discharged above the combustion chamber 4, so that the pressure in the combustion chamber 4 is reduced to a negative pressure suitable for combustion. It is operated in a vacuum state, which prevents burns or fires from leaking to the operator or others around the boiler by automatic control operation and prevents fine ash from flying out of the boiler. Will be prevented.

In addition, the solid fuel is burned in the burn 42 of the combustion device 40, the rotary blade 46 on the upper side of the burn 42 is rotated downward while rotating left and right at a low speed that does not interfere with combustion The completely burned ashes distributed in the image 42 by the wing contact 47 are scraped left and right on the upper part of the image 42 and blown from the nozzle hole 48 formed downward in the rotary blade 46. Air will cause the through hole 43 of the image 42 to fall to the ash tray 7 without being blocked.

Meanwhile, the air that is blown downward while the rotary blade 46 rotates left and right on the upper part of the image 42 is alternately blown to the surface 43a and the through hole 43 of the image 42. When the combustion air hits the surface 43a of the burner, the image 42 is cooled to prevent the burn from melting due to the high heat when the solid fuel is burned, and the air from the bump diffuses smoothly to the solid fuel. By contacting, the combustion efficiency is improved, and when the air is blown into the through hole 43 from the upper side of the image 42, the ash completely burned into the through hole 43 of the image 42 smoothly falls.

In addition, a plurality of vertical heat transfer fins 61 are disposed radially on the outer circumferential surface of the combustion chamber 4 located in the water tank 2 in the boiler body 1 to greatly increase the heat transfer area of the combustion chamber 4, thereby greatly improving heat exchange efficiency.

The solid fuel boiler according to the present invention has a quantitative supply of a predetermined amount according to the combustion state of the solid fuel, and preheats and supplies combustion air using waste heat discharged from the combustion chamber, thereby greatly improving combustion efficiency. By keeping the pressure in the room under negative pressure, it is possible to prevent safety accidents.

In addition, the ash produced when the solid fuel is completely burned is easily taken out by the ash tray of the lower part, and the combustion means has a cooling function so that the burn does not melt. There is a feature that can effectively use a solid fuel boiler using a solid fuel, such as to greatly improve.

Claims (7)

In a solid fuel boiler using solid fuel, air is supplied by using a fixed quantity supply device (10) for supplying solid fuel to an image (42) in a combustion chamber (4), and waste heat of exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber (4). A preheating supply device 20 for raising the temperature to supply the combustion air, a negative pressure driving device 30 for operating the pressure in the combustion chamber 4 at a low atmospheric pressure, and a blowout function and cooling of the ash burned in the image 42 Solid fuel boiler, characterized in that consisting of a combustion device 40 having a function, and a heat exchanger (50) to increase the heat transfer area of the boiler body (1). According to claim 1, the metering supply device 10 is a fuel injection pipe 11 is installed on the lower side of the hopper of the boiler body 1 side, the feed screw 12 is installed in the fuel injection pipe 11, the hopper 13 ) Is supplied to the image 42 in the combustion chamber (4) in the combustion chamber (4), but installed on the outside of the oven 41, detecting the sensor 14 to detect the heating surface color of the oven (41) Solid boiler characterized in that the transfer screw (12) of the fuel injection pipe 11 is rotated by the transmission signal of the supplied solid fuel. According to claim 1, Preheating device for supplying combustion air (20); The outer cylinder 21 is provided on the outer periphery of the communication chamber 6 on the upper side of the combustion chamber 4, provided with a vortex-type pipe line 22 therebetween, forming an inlet 23 in the upper part, and connecting the lower connecting pipe 24 to the blower ( 25 is connected to the solid fuel boiler characterized in that the pre-heated combustion air supply to the combustion device 40 in the combustion chamber (4) through the air supply pipe (27) (27 '). The negative pressure driving device (30) according to claim 1; The solid fuel boiler, characterized in that the air pressure discharge pipe 31 for blowing air in the exhaust direction is installed in the communication (6) portion of the combustion chamber 4, the combustion gas discharged above the combustion chamber 4 to lower the air pressure of the combustion chamber (4). . The method of claim 1, wherein the combustion device 40; An air outlet 45 is provided at the center of the upper side of the rotary shaft tube 44 in which an image 42 having a plurality of through holes 43 is formed in the middle of the oven 41 and coupled to the center hole 42a of the image 42. Install the rotary blade 46 made of tubular body 46a at the bottom of the air outlet 45 so as to be rotated to the left and right, but the contact table 47 and the plurality of injection nozzles protruded downwardly below the rotary blade 46. The hole 48 is formed and the lower end of the rotating shaft tube 44 is arranged with the fixed tube 52, and the air supply pipes 27 and 27 'for combustion are installed at the lower end of the fixed tube 52 and the oven 41. Solid fuel boiler The crank apparatus 50 according to claim 5, wherein the operating lever 49 is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft tube 44 positioned below the image 42 and connected to the operating rod 51 of the crank apparatus 50. Coke boiler characterized in that for rotating the rotating shaft tube 44 to the left and right. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger (60); A coke boiler, characterized in that the vertical heat transfer fins 61 are disposed radially on the outer circumferential surface of the combustion chamber 4 located in the water tank 2.