KR20040100165A - mat which has been prepared by the woods removed for prevention of mountain-fire,and the methods for its use - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for using assorted trees which are felled for preventing forest fires as a mat for growing natural lawn on a roof top of buildings without use culture soil is provided. The assorted trees can be used for prevention of land erosion and replacement of conventional palm fruits. CONSTITUTION: Assorted trees which are felled for preventing forest fires are ground into a length of 0.1 to 5cm, mixed with fiber and a polymer binding agent and then compressed to give a mat(1) with an irregular mesh structure and a thickness of 0.2 to 10cm. To grow natural lawn(11) on a roof top of the building, a drainage layer(17) and a microorganism-growth layer(19) are installed on a rooftop surface of the building, and a root shielding layer(15) for preventing rooting of lawn roots into a rooftop surface(14) is additionally installed between the rooftop surface and drainage layer.

Description

Mat made of lumber removed for forest fire and its use {mat which has been prepared by the woods removed for prevention of mountain-fire ， and the methods for its use}

The present invention relates to a mat manufactured by using a mixed wood, and more particularly, to a multi-purpose mat that can be used for cultivating grass, preventing soil erosion, air purifying filters, and moreover, using a mixed wood pile removed for forest fire prevention.

Since ancient times, problems such as destruction of the natural environment and destruction of the ecosystem itself are serious when forest fires occur, and various forest fire prevention methods have been sought mainly by the Korea Forest Service.

When a wildfire occurs, the conventional forest fire extinguishment first weakens the forces of fire by falling down by helicopter, using a fire or arson, and then remaining fire is inevitably evolved by using a shovel or a rake. Such conventional fire fighting methods have been recognized as inefficient because of the high number of personnel mobilization and the risk of burns and the difficulty and recurrence of work.

Accordingly, among the causes of forest fires, a method of directly removing the scrubs has recently been used as a method of fundamentally preventing forest fires naturally occurring due to friction between the scrubs when the wind blows severely.

The removal of these scrubs is a fundamental method for forest fire prevention, but it is costly to remove the scrubs removed because they are not effective for forest fire prevention if left alone in the removal site. The removed scrubs have been processed to increase the added value of water purification adsorbents, soil erosion mats, or papers, and have been conducted by the US Agricultural Research Institute. In addition, the finely divided useless scrubbing resources and fiberized, and the research is made to add a variety of additives to these plant fibers as needed to produce a high value-added functional product.

However, there is no proposal in the literature or the like for the method of using the lumber pile removed for forest fire prevention as a mat for outdoor lawn cultivation, air purification filter, soundproofing and the like.

On the other hand, in relation to the cultivation of grass on the mat, Korean Patent Registration No. 1996-4330 discloses a mat for grass cultivation using a raw natural vegetable fibrous material and a manufacturing method for manufacturing the same. Here, the fiber obtained by pulverizing the coconut fruit is the most suitable vegetable fiber material.In addition, various synthetic raw materials, such as coconut fruit, palm stem, hemp stem and leaves, as well as industrially manufactured synthetic materials are also used as mat materials. It is described that it can be used.

However, since this patent publication mainly uses coconut, which is a natural vegetable raw material produced only in the tropics, there is no mention of manufacturing mats using scrubs removed for forest fire prevention. There is a problem, and furthermore, the mat is only limited to grass cultivation.

In addition, this patent publication describes only the use of the mat together with the cultured soil for grass transplantation, and there is no mention of growing the mat by directly laying the mat on the roof instead of the cultured soil on the building roof or the like.

In view of such a conventional problem, the present invention efficiently utilizes almost unlimited scrubs removed for forest fire prevention, thereby preventing problems such as coconuts, which are natural vegetable raw materials used in the manufacture of conventional mats, in the tropics. It is an object to provide a mat produced by overcoming it.

In addition, when the mat using the mixed wood of the present invention is used for cultivating the rooftop natural grass, it does not use a cultured soil, thereby providing a method of using a mat that can be easily constructed by the general public by simplifying the construction while avoiding excessive load on the building load. For the purpose of

Furthermore, when planting grass for outdoor use or interior on the mat of the present invention, the polluted air can be purified through the air purification by the grass and microorganisms, so that the residential space can be used through the roof of the building or the private park of the veranda. It aims to provide mat which can contribute to utilization.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of efficiently using the mat in addition to the above-described outdoor grass cultivation, for use as an air purification filter or a soundproofing material.

1 is a partial perspective view of a mat manufactured according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is an exemplary view showing a state of use when growing grass for the mat of the present invention,

Figure 3 is an illustration of the state of use when growing grass in the seedling plate of the mat of the present invention,

Figure 4 is a photograph taken after the grass is grown for about 25 days using the mat of the present invention for lawn cultivation.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: mat 3: pile of lumber

5: Fiber # 7: Adhesive

9: seedling plate 11: grass

13: culture soil 14: rooftop surface

15: root barrier layer 17: drainage layer

19: microbial growth layer

The present invention is a mat manufactured by using a natural plant, the crushed wood removed for forest fire prevention as a natural plant to a predetermined length, and mixed with a fiber and a polymer binder therein and pressed to have a predetermined mesh eye It provides a mat characterized in that it is manufactured to have a thickness of. Here, the length of the pulverized motley is 0.1 to 5 cm, the thickness of the mat produced is 0.2 to 10 cm.

As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of using the above-prepared mat for growing grass on a building roof. In this case, the microbial growth layer may be located between the rooftop surface of the building and the mat, and the root barrier layer and the drainage layer may be sequentially stacked in the middle of the rooftop surface of the building and the microbial growth layer.

The microbial growth layer will correspond to a habitat where white rot fungi (WRF) belonging to basidiomycetes among woody mildew fungi. This will be described in detail in the cultivation of the grass on the roof of the building described later.

In the mat of the present invention, the hybrids used will be composed of various woods, but if necessary, the specific hybrids may be selected to produce a mat suitable for the purpose.

The fibers can be used not only vegetable fibers but also synthetic fibers. Synthetic fibers include acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyester, and the like, and polypropylene is suitable in terms of economy. In the case of grass cultivation mat is a material that is naturally decomposed in the ground after a certain period of time even vegetable fiber or synthetic fiber. In the case of the fiber which is decomposed naturally, when the grass is fully grown, the mat will naturally decompose and play a role of soil rich in organic components.After the grass is transplanted with the mat, the fibrous mat is decomposed naturally and the organic components in the culture soil Will provide.

However, mats used for air purification filters or soundproofing may not need to be naturally degradable fibers, such as grass mats.

On the other hand, as a constituent of the mat, a binder is usually used as a type of adhesive based on a rubber component.

In the case of the grass cultivation mat of the present invention, as in the case of the fibers described above, the components of the binder composition should also be vegetable, since the binder composition should naturally decompose as the mat decomposes into the soil. This is to allow the natural degradation without leaving pollutants in the soil where the grass is grown or transplanted. Therefore, chemical adhesives do not deviate significantly from the intention of the present invention as long as they are easily degraded in the soil and do not leave pollutants. Therefore, as the binder composition of the present invention, it is preferable to use latex, which is a kind of adhesive based on a rubber component.

In addition, the mat used for the air purification filter or soundproofing does not need to be a fiber that is naturally decomposed as in the case of the grass mat.

Here, the length of the pulverized scrub is 0.1 to 5 cm, but can be variously selected according to the use of the mat, if less than 0.1 cm is not suitable for the problem of the strength of the mat, when the mat exceeds 5 cm Would be inadequate. In addition, the thickness of the mat can also be produced in various ways depending on the use, since it can be used to produce a plurality of thin thickness and then overlapping is suitable for 0.2 to 10 cm. If it is 0.2 cm or less, it will be a problem for the strength of the mat, and if it exceeds 10 cm, it will be difficult to handle.

(Production of mat)

Since the manufacturing method of the mat of this invention can be manufactured using the manufacturing method of the adsorbent for water purification mentioned above, it demonstrates briefly here.

To prevent forest fires, lumbers removed from the forest are crushed by a wood mill, and a portion of the mill is chemically treated to remove specific contaminants. Subsequently, a single fiber is separated from the large mass so as to fibrate the mound pile to make the fiber into a geotextile mat without damaging the individual fiber structure. Generally, the smelted fibers are mixed with a binder containing 10% by weight of thermoplastic fibers (in particular polypropylene) that have been softened / melted and then fed into a thermally bonded web processing step. In this web-processing step, the blend of thermoplastic fibers and the fibers are passed between two heating rollers at 180 to 200 ° C. The mat produced by the miscellaneous material thus obtained can be cut and used to an appropriate size according to the use, and the thickness can be adjusted as necessary. Here, the binder may use various kinds of materials containing a biodegradable binder.

Generally, geotextiles include woven geotextiles and nonwoven geotextiles, but the geotextiles used in the present invention are in the form of nonwoven fabrics.

The nonwoven fabric is formed by combining the long and short fibers irregularly. In the case of short fibers, the needle punching method is used. In the case of the long fibers, the weight is about 200 to 800 g / m ^2. It is laminated and bonded by a method such as needle punching or heat fusion. In general, the constituent fibers, such as irregularly bonded to form a structure excellent mechanical and hydraulic properties, polypropylene and polyester fibers are mainly used.

1 is a partial perspective view of a mat made in accordance with the present invention.

The mat 1 of the present invention manufactured according to the above-described manufacturing method of the mat is composed of a lumber pile 3, a fiber 5 and an adhesive 7, and the lumber pile 3 is drawn to the surface while being slightly roughened. Although it can be visually identified as one part, the fiber 5 and the adhesive 7 are difficult to identify visually because they are compressed and mixed with the mixed wood pile 3.

(Cultivation of grass)

Today, grass has 7000 species of monocotyledonous plants, but currently 40 kinds of grass are used for landscaping or greening. Among them, grass, gold grass, Kentucky blue glass, creeping band glass, bent grass, etc. are known to be suitable for banks, graveyards, parks, stadiums, slopes, etc., and may be selected according to environmental factors affecting growth and development.

In the conventional grass cultivation method, simply seed the grass seed on the planting land, grow it, and then remove it to a certain size, and grow it to a certain size from the seeding time using seedlings and pots, and lay a mat on the land. There is a method of separating and planting the culture soil on the mat and sowing the grass seeds. Currently, cultivation mainly using seedlings and mats is the mainstream.

The cultivation method using the mat is a problem that it is difficult to separate the herds from the soil after the cultivation, the roots of the grass dry due to the loss of the soil that surrounds the roots when the herds are moved and transplanted, and the problem of not easily adapting to the transplanted soils. There is this. Therefore, as a way to solve this, the mat is made of lumber, fibers and binders, the mat is placed on a cultivation paper, and the culture soil is again covered thereon, followed by cultivation and cultivation of grass seeds. After the cultivation, it will be cut to a suitable area and transferred to a mat.

In addition, as a method for the first attempt in the present invention, the above problems also by the method of growing the grass by planting the mat of the present invention directly on the place where the grass is to be grown without growing the grass, especially on the roof of a building, without the culture soil. It can also be solved. This will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. 2.

Among the grass cultivation methods of the present invention, grass cultivation methods by seedlings are divided into sowing and growing processes. Sowing process is to seed the grass seed with mat and culture soil in the seedling container, germination process is to adjust the temperature and humidity necessary for germination on the seedling plate, growth process is to grow by placing the seedling plate with the germinated grass in a suitable place It is to provide an environment for it.

The seedling plate used in the seeding process is used in various ways, such as a rectangular plate, a cylindrical plate having a predetermined space for holding an object through which a number of small drain holes penetrate therein. Since these seedlings are intended for easy transplantation, the seedlings may be seeded by directly laying the mat of the present invention on the soil. The cultured soil can absorb and retain nutrients and water, and do not adversely affect the growth of grass. In general, topsoil on the surface of nutrient-rich soils is sufficient, but depending on the cultivation requirements, it is also possible to use a mixture of soil or clay with compost.

(Cultivation of the grass on the building roof)

On the other hand, a direct manufacturing method of the natural grass for outdoor using the mat of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 2 is an illustration of the state of use of the mat on the building roof of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 2, first, the drainage layer 17 and the microbial growth layer 19 are installed on the roof surface 14 of the slab roof or the building building, and the mat 1 of the present invention is laminated in place of the culture soil. If the rooftop surface 13 is a concrete surface or a floor weak to plant roots, a root barrier layer 15 may be additionally installed between the rooftop surface 13 and the drainage layer 17. The root barrier layer 15 is intended to prevent damage to the roots of the grass by digging into the roof surface 13, so it will be sufficient to make a material that does not decompose in water or air. Meanwhile, the drainage layer 17 may be made of a material through which water can pass so that the roots of the grass do not rot.

On the other hand, the microbial growth layer 19 is intended to provide a place where white rot fungi (WRF) inhabiting the grass roots, while having the ability to decompose toxic compounds. Among the woody mildew fungi, white fungi belonging to basidiomycetes have been used mainly in medicines and foods, but recently they have been used in the restoring industrial environment by using enzymes and acids that can degrade lignin. It is applied to. These white fungi are fungal slime molds that are involved in the decay of motley components and produce enzymes that degrade lignin combined with many aromatic and halogen hydrocarbons. Lignin degrading enzymes have the ability to degrade various toxic compounds.

Accordingly, when providing the microbial growth layer 19 on the grass cultivation roof using the mat of the present invention, the microorganisms in addition to the grass to perform the air purification function to provide a comfortable air environment in the rooftop living space or resting space.

Such a cultivation method on the roof or the like may be sown without seeding the grass (11) on the mat on a multi-layer structure in which the mat of the present invention is laminated, the germination and growth process can be grown to meet the required temperature and humidity as described above You will need to create an environment for this. Even in this case, the mat 1 of the present invention may stack several layers according to the thickness.

Meanwhile, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it is noted that such embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Figure 3 is an illustration of the state of use when growing grass in the seedling plate of the mat of the present invention,

Figure 4 is a photograph taken after the grass is grown for about 25 days using the mat of the present invention for lawn cultivation.

Example

As described above, the mat 1 having a thickness of about 1 cm made of variegated wood is laid at the bottom of the inside of the cylindrical seedling plate 9 having a plurality of drainage holes (not shown in FIG. 3) at the bottom, and grass seeds thereon. Lay the lower culture soil 13 to a thickness of 0.5 cm so that the roots can settle stably.

Subsequently, seed the grass seed on the lower culture soil at regular intervals, and then cover some upper culture soil (13: the upper and lower culture soil is not distinguished) so that the grass seed can maintain the proper temperature without blowing in the wind.

Grass seeds germinate and take root when grown for 5 to 7 days while maintaining a temperature of 30 to 35 ℃ and humidity of 60 to 70%. Subsequently, the seedlings 9 on which the germinated grass 11 grows are grown to a size that can be transplanted by cultivating about 20 to 25 days in a greenhouse maintaining a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. and a humidity of 40%. To make the grass roots grow more densely and horizontally, the grass leaves are cut to a certain length during the growth. The growth state of the turf is well shown in the photograph of FIG.

Although the mat of the present invention has been described in anticipation of the use of the grass for cultivation, the mat of the present invention may be applied to the case of cultivating herbaceous plants instead of the grass.

Furthermore, it may be used for air purification filters or sound insulation. In this case, the fibers and binder constituting the mat are not necessarily decomposed naturally, so the fibers are vegetable fibers or are selected from acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide and polyester as synthetic fibers, and the binder Normal adhesives will suffice.

Since the mat of the present invention is manufactured by using lumber, the mat of the present invention may be more densely installed and installed in a facility requiring air purification to achieve an air purification effect, and a reinforcing agent may be mixed when manufacturing the mat of the present invention. In this case, it may be used as a panel for soundproof material having a certain impact resistance.

In the meantime, by effectively using the infinite variety of trees removed for forest fire prevention, it is possible to provide a mat for outdoor grass cultivation to overcome the problem that the coconut, which is a natural vegetable raw material used in the manufacture of conventional mats, is limited in the tropics. .

As a result, it is possible to manufacture environmentally friendly products by recycling the resources discarded through the mat of the present invention, and to provide a low-cost outdoor lawn cultivation mat so that the public can easily install it on the roof of a building, and the residential environment through the greening of the downtown Can improve the air quality and contribute to air purification.

In particular, when the mat using the variegated tree of the present invention is used for cultivating the rooftop natural grass, since the culture soil is not used, the general public can easily construct it by simplifying the construction while avoiding the burden on the building load.

In addition, when planting natural roof on the mat of the present invention to record the roof of the building, etc., as an economic effect can reduce the cooling cost about 50%, the heating cost can also be reduced by about 30%, microorganisms as an effect on the living environment In addition to purifying the air, it is possible to prevent noise and to expand rooftop living spaces and rest spaces.In addition, as a natural ecological aspect, it is possible to purify rainwater and protect buildings while increasing groundwater effects.

On the other hand, when planting indoor interior grass on the mat of the present invention, it is possible to purify the contaminated indoor air through the air purification by grass and microorganisms, to implement the indoor gardening can pursue aesthetic value, Private parks can contribute to the versatility of residential spaces.

Claims (6)

In the mat manufactured by using a natural plant, the mixed wood removed for forest fire prevention as the natural plant is ground to a length of 0.1 to 5 cm, mixed with a fiber and a polymer binder, and compressed to a thickness of 0.2 to 10 cm While being made to have an irregular mesh eye. The mat as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the mat is used for cultivation of grass, the fiber is a natural or synthetic fiber which is naturally decomposed, and the binder is also a material that decomposes within a certain period of time. When the mat prepared in claim 2 is used for cultivating the roof of a building, the method of growing grass outdoors is characterized by placing a microbial growth layer in the middle of the roof of the building and the mat. The method of growing grass outdoors according to claim 3, wherein the root barrier layer and the drainage layer are sequentially stacked between the rooftop surface of the building and the microbial growth layer. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the microbial growth layer has white rot fungi (WRF) belonging to basidiomycetes among woody mildew fungi. 6. . In a mat made of mixed wood removed for forest fire prevention according to claim 1, the mat is characterized in that the fiber is a vegetable fiber or is selected from acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide and polyester as synthetic fibers. Used for air purification filters or sound insulation.