KR20040073375A - One-way clutch of rotation operative type - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A one-way rotating clutch is provided to reduce the number of parts and cost, to improve dimension accuracy, and to design within the limit space by setting the small spring constant. CONSTITUTION: A one-way clutch(30) is composed of an outer race(3) having an internal cylindrical surface, an inner race(2) forming a cam surface, a roller(37) transmitting torque between the inner race and the outer race, an eccentric spring(35) inclining the roller, and a weight member(38) resisting the eccentric force of the eccentric spring by using centrifugal force and propelling the roller for assembling direction. A cage(32) is formed between the outer race and the inner race to contain the roller, the weight member and the eccentric spring. The cage has the weight member acting surface to guide movement of the weight member.

Description

One-way clutch of rotation operative type

The present invention relates to a rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch that acts as a unidirectional clutch when used in an automatic motor cycle or a snow mobile and when the number of revolutions exceeds a predetermined value.

Generally, a unidirectional clutch includes an outer race and an inner race that rotates relative to each other and engages a slag or roller to transfer torque between the outer race and the inner race to a cam face provided with rotational torque on the track surface of the outer or inner race. It is designed to be transmitted in the general direction only by idling and idling is run in the reverse direction.

Among the unidirectional clutches, a unidirectional clutch is known, in which a roller is arranged in a pocket (recess portion) provided in an inner or outer race and the rotation is locked by the wedge action by engaging the roller in the wedge portion according to the rotational direction.

For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-8019 (1978) discloses that a roller is disposed in a recess portion provided in an outer race, and when the outer race rotates clockwise, the rollers lock in the recess portion by a wedging action. A configuration is described in which the rotation of the outer race relative to the inner race is thereby locked.

In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 52-100045 (1977) discloses that a roller and an auxiliary roller are disposed between the outer race and the input coupling so that the auxiliary roller is pushed toward the roller by centrifugal force when the rotation speed exceeds a predetermined value. The configuration to be described is described. In this case, when rotating by the driving force in a predetermined direction, the roller is locked by the wedge action, whereby a unidirectional clutch action can be obtained.

The configuration described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 53-8019 is a general or ordinary unidirectional clutch using a roller and this configuration is not designed so that locking is obtained depending on the rotational speed.

In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-100045 described above describes a configuration in which locking is performed according to the rotation speed. However, since long holes for determining the operating range of the auxiliary rollers are provided in the outer race and other members, it is difficult to obtain the desired dimensional accuracy of the apparatus and the number of parts is increased. In addition, since the auxiliary roller may fall into the long hole, it is necessary to provide a plate for pushing the roller or the holding and conveying member, and an installation space for the spring is required, so that the diameter reduction of the device is limited.

In addition, when the coil spring is used as a spring for deflecting the roller, it is difficult to set the spring constant of the coil spring to a smaller value within the confined space, and the coil spring is compared with an accordion spring. expensive.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to reduce the number of parts, to be inexpensive, to set the spring constant to a small value, to obtain the dimensional accuracy easily, to avoid the weight member, and to design in a limited space It is to provide an actuated one-way clutch.

1 is a front view of a rotary actuated unidirectional clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the pocket portion seen from the outer diameter side of the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is an axial sectional view of a rotary actuated unidirectional clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 shows the roller and the weight member in the non-rotating state and the low speed rotation in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a view showing the roller and the weight member in the operating state (engaged state) in the first embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a front view of a rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is an axial sectional view of a rotary actuated unidirectional clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows the roller and the weight member during the non-rotating state and the low speed rotation in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a view showing the roller and the weight member in the operating state (engaged state) in the second embodiment of the present invention.

10 is an exploded view of the cage (first plate) of the second embodiment of the present invention.

11 is an exploded view of the cage (second plate) of the second embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a schematic view of a pocket portion viewed from the outer diameter side of the second embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a front view of the accordion spring attachment portion of the second embodiment of the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

2: inner race 3: outer race

30: one-way clutch 32: cage

37: roller 38: weight member

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch, the unidirectional clutch comprising: an outer race having an inner peripheral cylindrical surface; An inner race having a cam surface formed thereon; A rolling member for transmitting torque between the outer race and the inner race; A bias spring for biasing the rolling member; A weight member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force, the cage for receiving the rolling member, the weight member and the biasing spring The cage is provided between the outer race and the inner race and the cage has a weight member acting surface for guiding movement of the weight member.

The present invention also provides a rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch, the unidirectional clutch comprising: an outer race having an inner circumferential cylindrical surface; An inner race having a cam surface formed thereon; A rolling member for transmitting torque between the outer race and the inner race; A bias spring for biasing the rolling member; A weight member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force, wherein the inner race is a recessed portion for partially receiving the weight member on its outer peripheral surface It is provided.

The present invention also provides a rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch, the unidirectional clutch comprising: an outer race having an inner circumferential cylindrical surface; An inner race having a cam surface formed thereon; A rolling member for transmitting torque between the outer race and the inner race; A bias spring for biasing the rolling member; And a weight member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force, the cage for accommodating the rolling member, the weight member and the biasing spring, or the rolling member. And a side plate for limiting the axial movement of the weight member and the biasing spring is provided between the outer race and the inner race and the cage or the side plate has an axial through hole.

The present invention also provides a rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch, the unidirectional clutch comprising: an outer race having an inner circumferential cylindrical surface; An inner race having a cam surface formed thereon; A rolling member for transmitting torque between the outer race and the inner race; A bias spring for biasing the rolling member; And a weight member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force, the weight member contacting the inner race along a straight line.

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

The rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch is provided because the biasing spring biases the rolling member in the non-engaging direction with respect to the cam surface and resists the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force while propelling the rolling member in the engaging direction with respect to the cam surface. The number of parts can be reduced, the cost is low, the spring constant can be set to a small value, the dimensional accuracy can be easily obtained, the weight member is not caught, and it can be designed in a limited space.

In addition, the following special effects can be obtained.

According to the present invention, a smooth operation of the weight member can be obtained.

In addition, manufacturing costs can be reduced. For example, in the case where a pocket is provided in the inner race, although the portion corresponding to the pocket has to be removed by polishing, cutting and / or wire cut, the portion corresponding to the pocket has a large volume, so that the working time It is more likely to be deformed due to heat treatment. In addition, the range of the cam surface requiring high accuracy can be reduced. In addition, a large weight member can be accommodated. The lubricating ability of the unidirectional clutch can be enhanced. In addition, the work becomes easier and the productivity is improved.

According to the configuration of the present invention, excessive movement of the rolling member in the inoperative state can be suppressed. Work is easy and productivity is increased. The strength balance of the cage can be obtained.

As used herein, the term "rotating actuation" means that the function of the unidirectional clutch can be actively obtained in a range of rotations in excess of a predetermined number of revolutions. However, the function of the unidirectional clutch can be obtained in a range of rotation and / or a low speed range of rotation less than a predetermined number of revolutions. Further, the "predetermined number of revolutions" is arbitrarily determined according to the mass of the weight member, the distance between the weight member and the inner race center, the inclination angle of the weight member working surface, and the like.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like elements are designated by like symbols.

(First embodiment)

First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a front view of a rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch 30 according to the first embodiment and FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the pocket portion seen from the outer diameter side of the first embodiment.

The roller 37, the weight member 38 and the accordion spring 35 constituting the unidirectional clutch portion are accommodated in the window portion 43 (see FIGS. 2 and 4) provided in the cage 32 and held therein.

A substantially annular cage 32 disposed between the outer race 3 and the inner race 2 is a cage body and a substantially annular support plate 34 is provided at the axial end of the cage 32. The support plate 34 is fixed to the cage 32 by the cage coupling portion 33.

In each of the window portions 43 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cage 32, an accordion spring 35 for deflecting the roller 37 from the outer race 3 side, and the outer race 3 And a roller 37 for transmitting torque between the inner race 2 and a weight member 38 for acting on the roller 37 to press the roller 37 toward the engagement direction. When the weight member 38 is not acting on the roller, a portion of the weight member 38 is received in the recessed portion 31 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the inner race 2. The radius of the arc drawing the bottom surface of the recess portion 31 is greater than the radius of the weight member 38 and the weight member 38 contacts the recess portion 31 along a straight line. In this configuration, the weight member can move smoothly without being caught in the recess portion 31, thereby enhancing the operation of the device.

A recessed portion 36 is provided in the cage 32, each having a lying down U-shaped radial section, and an end of the accordion spring 35 opposite its end for deflecting the roller 37 is a recessed portion. It is provided and maintained by 36 (refer FIG. 4).

As shown in FIG. 2, the window portion 43 of the cage 32 is formed by drilling the cage 32 in the axial direction, leaving the wall portion. The axial open end of the window portion 43 is closed by the support plate 34. Thus, the weight member 38, the roller 37, and the accordion spring 35 accommodated in the window portion 43 are held radially by the outer race 3 and the inner race 2 and support plate 34 is provided. And axially by the wall of the cage 32 so that the parts cannot escape from the window 43.

3 is an axial sectional view of the rotary actuated unidirectional clutch 30. It can be seen that the support plate 34 is fixed relative to the cage 32 by the cage coupling portion 33. It can also be seen that the roller 37 is supported axially with a small gap between the wall portion of the cage 32 and the support plate 34.

Next, the operation of the rotationally operated one-way clutch 30 according to the first embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Fig. 4 is a view showing the roller and the weight member during the non-rotating state and the low speed rotation in the first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is the roller in the operating state (engaged state) in the first embodiment of the present invention. And a weight member.

Now, the configuration according to the first embodiment is described in more detail with reference to FIG. The cage 32 includes a plurality of protrusions 44 installed into a plurality of recess portions 45 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the inner race 2 arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Since the protrusion 44 is installed into the recess 45, the cage 32 and the inner race 2 cannot rotate relative to each other.

The weight member working surface 40 is formed on one of the sides of the window portion 43 of the cage 32. When the weight member 38 is affected by the centrifugal force, the weight member 38 moves toward the outer diameter side along the weight member working surface to press and contact the roller 37, thereby engaging the roller 37. Move to position Further, a roller locking portion (locking portion of the rolling member) 42 for limiting the operating range of the roller 37 toward the weight member 38 is provided on the outer diameter side. In the illustrated embodiment, although the weight member working surface 40 and the roller locking portion 42 are provided continuously, they do not necessarily need to be continuous.

The outer circumference of the inner race 2 at a position where the recessed portion 31 for partially receiving the weight member 38 opposes the weight member working surface 40 and the roller locking portion 42 of the cage 32. A cam surface 47 provided on the surface and serving as a torque transmission surface for the roller 37 is formed adjacent to the recess portion 31. In the embodiment shown, although the recess portion and the cam surface 47 are provided in succession, they do not necessarily have to be provided in succession.

The reason why the recessed portion 31 partially receives the weight member 38 is to minimize the operating range of the weight member 38.

As shown in FIG. 4, during the non-rotational state and low speed rotation (range), the weight member 38 is located on the inner diameter side of the recess portion 31 and the roller 37 is accordion spring 35. Is pressed against the roller locking portion 42. Thereafter, the inner race 2 rotates. When the rotational speed of the inner race reaches a high speed greater than the predetermined number of revolutions, the weight member 38 affected by the centrifugal force moves toward the outer diameter side, thereby moving the roller 37 to the engagement position of the cam surface 47. Move it. In this state, torque is transmitted when the inner race 2 rotates counterclockwise with respect to the outer race 3 in the preceding manner. The operating condition is shown in FIG.

(Second embodiment)

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to Figs. In the second embodiment, the positional relationship between the weight member 38, the roller 37 and the accordion spring 35 and the operation of the parts are almost the same as in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the shape of the cage is greatly different from that of the first embodiment.

Now, the cage used in the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. 10 is an exploded view of the first plate 60 of the cage 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 11 is a view of the second plate 70 of the cage 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a development view.

In the second embodiment, the cage 50 is formed of the first and second plates by blanking the plate-shaped steel sheet. 10 is a developed view of the first plate. The first plate 60 includes a plurality of protrusions extending radially from the substantially annular body 66. Each protrusion is a first column portion 51 in which a hole for attaching the accordion spring 35 is formed. A plurality of holes 67 are formed around the outside of the body 66 in communication with the outside and in communication with the window portions or pockets of the cage. Contaminants of the lubricant or metal powder and foreign matter generated in the unidirectional clutch are discharged to the outer through hole 67. The hole may be formed in the side plate (not shown) rather than the cage. In addition, the number of holes may be optionally specified and a plurality of holes is not necessarily required.

A clamping hole 64 is formed in the body 66 for connecting to the second plate 70, which will be described later. In addition, two engagement tongues 65 for securing the cage 50 to the inner race 2 are provided on the inner diameter side of the body 66. It is preferable that the protrusions, the clamping holes 64 and the engaging tongue 65 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The engaging tongue 65 is installed in the recess groove 54 of the inner race 2 to fix the entire cage to the inner race 2.

11 is a developed view of the second plate 70. The second plate 70 includes a plurality of protrusions extending radially from the substantially annular body 75. Each projection includes a second column portion 72 and a caulking projection 71, and a weight member working surface 52 (described later) is disposed between the second column portion 72 and the caulking projection 71. Is formed.

Two engagement tongues 74 for securing the cage 50 to the inner race 2 are provided on the inner diameter side of the annular body 75. It is preferable that the protrusion and the engaging tongue 74 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The cage 50 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) according to the second embodiment is obtained by bending the first plate 60 and the second plate 70 to a desired shape and joining both plates together.

Next, the rotary actuated unidirectional clutch 80 according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 13. FIG. 6 is a front view of the rotary actuated unidirectional clutch 80 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an axial sectional view of the rotary actuated unidirectional clutch 80 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. . 8 is a view showing the roller and the weight member during the non-rotating state and the low speed rotation in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is the operating state (coupling state) in the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the roller and the weight member.

In FIG. 6, the cam surface 47 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the inner race 2 is almost the same as in the first embodiment. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the actuation surface for the weight member 38 is formed in the protrusion provided on the first or second plate constituting the cage 50.

By inserting the caulking projection 71 of the second plate 70 into the clamping hole 64 of the first plate 60 and caulking, the cage 50 is formed through the engaging portion 53. The protrusion of the second plate 70 is bent to be disposed on the inner circumferential side of the outer race 3, thereby forming a weight member working surface 52 having a predetermined inclination with respect to the radial direction.

7 is an axial cross-sectional view of FIG. 6. It can be seen that the cage 50 comprises a first plate 60 and a second plate 70.

Next, the operation of the rotationally operated unidirectional clutch 80 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. The basic operation is the same as in the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 8, during the non-rotating state and the low-speed rotation, the weight member 38 is located on the inner diameter side of the recess portion 31 and the roller 37 is uncoupled by the accordion spring 35. Is pushed towards the direction.

Thereafter, the inner race 2 rotates. When the rotational speed of the inner race reaches a higher speed greater than the predetermined rotational speed, the weight member 38 affected by the centrifugal force moves toward the outer diameter side along the weight member working surface 52, whereby the roller 37 ) Is moved to the engaged position of the cam surface 47. In this state, torque is transmitted when the inner race 2 rotates with respect to the outer race 3 counterclockwise in a predetermined manner. This operating state is shown in FIG.

The relationship between the cage 50 and the accordion spring 35 is as follows. 12 is a schematic view of the pocket portion seen from the outer diameter side of the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a front view of the accordion spring attachment portion of the second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 12, the distal end of the accordion spring 35 is the contact 58 for pressing the roller 37 and the adjacent end of the accordion spring 35 is the attachment 57. The accordion spring 35 is fixed to the cage 50 by pinching the first column portion 51 by the attachment portion 57. In addition, the accordion spring 35 is more firmly fixed by engaging the tongue 56 provided in the attachment portion having the hole 62.

The attachment state of the attachment portion 57 of the accordion spring 35 is shown in FIG. 13 and the tongue 56 provided at the distal end of the attachment portion 57 has a hole 62 in the first plate 60 of the cage. You can see that it fits in. According to the second embodiment, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

In fact, although it is contemplated that the weight member may be made of steel, copper, alloy steel, aluminum or synthetic resin, when the weight member is made of a material having a certain high weight such as steel, the centrifugal force acting on the unit area is large. Because of this, even if the device is compact, coupling can be made during low speed rotation. In addition, the diameter of the weight member 38 can be reduced.

In the above-described embodiment, although it has been described to use a cylindrical roller as the rolling member disposed in the pocket, a spherical body can be used as the rolling member. The weight member may also be spherical than a cylindrical roller. Further, with regard to the engagement of the rolling member with the weight member, both of the members can be rollers or spheres, or one of the members can be rollers and the other can be spheres.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, although a plurality of pockets are provided along the circumferential direction, the number of pockets may vary according to the required torque capability, for example, four or six pockets rather than eight pockets may be provided. Can be. However, despite the number of pockets, it is preferable that the pockets are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

Further, in the first and second embodiments, the diameters of the rollers and the weight members are almost the same as described, but the diameters need not be the same, and they are not used in the use state (for example, in the range of the rotation speed in the operating state). The diameter can thus be set arbitrarily.

The rotary actuated unidirectional clutch according to the present invention has a reduced number of parts, a low cost, can be set to a small spring constant value, dimensional accuracy can be easily obtained, the weight member is not fixed, and can be designed in a limited space. have.

Claims (13)

An outer race having an inner circumferential cylindrical surface; An inner race having a cam surface formed thereon; A rolling member for transmitting torque between the outer race and the inner race; A bias spring for biasing the rolling member; In the rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch comprising a weight member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force, A cage for receiving the rolling member, the weight member and the deflection spring is provided between the outer race and the inner race and the cage is a weight member acting surface for guiding movement of the weight member. Rotationally operated one-way clutch having a. An outer race having an inner circumferential cylindrical surface; An inner race having a cam surface formed thereon; A rolling member for transmitting torque between the outer race and the inner race; A bias spring for biasing the rolling member; In the rotationally actuated unidirectional clutch comprising a weight member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force, And the inner race has a recess portion for partially receiving the weight member on its outer circumferential surface. An outer race having an inner circumferential cylindrical surface; An inner race having a cam surface formed thereon; A rolling member for transmitting torque between the outer race and the inner race; A bias spring for biasing the rolling member; In the rotationally actuated one-way clutch comprising a weight member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force, A cage for receiving the rolling member, the weight member and the deflection spring, or a side plate for limiting the axial movement of the rolling member, the weight member and the deflection spring is provided between the outer race and the inner race. And the cage or the side plate has an axial through hole. An outer race having an inner circumferential cylindrical surface; An inner race having a cam surface formed thereon; A rolling member for transmitting torque between the outer race and the inner race; A bias spring for biasing the rolling member; In the rotationally actuated one-way clutch comprising a weight member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force, And the weight member is in contact with the inner race along a straight line. 5. A cage according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a cage for receiving the rolling member, the weight member and the deflection spring is provided between the outer race and the inner race and the cage stops movement of the weight member. A rotary actuated unidirectional clutch having a weight member operating surface for guiding. 5. The rotationally actuated one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1, 3 or 4, wherein a recess portion for partially receiving the weight member is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the inner race. The cage according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, wherein the cage for receiving the rolling member, the weight member and the deflection spring, or the axial movement of the rolling member, the weight member and the deflection spring. And a side plate provided between the outer race and the inner race for limiting the tension and the cage or the side plate has an axial through hole. 4. A rotationally actuated one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weight member contacts the inner race along a straight line. 4. The rotationally actuated one-way clutch according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the cage is formed by bending a metal plate. 4. A rotationally actuated one-way clutch according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the cage has a rolling member locking portion for limiting the operating range of the rolling member. 4. A rotationally actuated one-way clutch according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the cage has a through hole. 4. The cage according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the cage comprises first and second plates having substantially annular portions, one or both of which are mounted with a first column portion for attaching the deflection spring, and the weight A rotary actuated unidirectional clutch having a second column portion and engagement tongue for forming the member. 13. The rotation of claim 12 wherein one of the first and second plates has the first column portion and the other has the second column portion, and both the first and second plates have the coupling tongue. Actuated one-way clutch.