KR20040062694A - Elevator driving gear - Google Patents

Abstract

In an actuating device 1, in particular an elevator and / or elevator actuating device, comprising at least one winch 2 and actuating a movable car or platform, a plurality of electrics acting on the winch 2 to actuate the winch; Means are provided for operating the motor 3 and the electric motor 3 independently of each other. The means for operating the electric motor 3 comprises at least one electronic circuit for instructing the start of the motor 3 of a predetermined number according to the load to be lifted, and measuring the load to be lifted and measuring the measured value of the electronic circuit. Means for sending to.

Description

Elevator drive gear {ELEVATOR DRIVING GEAR}

Generally, lifts with cars and / or elevators with movable platforms are operated by an electric motor that inserts a mechanical deceleration unit coupled to a worm screw to transfer motion to the winch. In particular, the deceleration unit usually has a high deceleration ratio in order to prevent reverse movement when the car or elevator loaded with a certain load is stopped at an elevated position. Cars and elevators are typically supported by a cable that is partially wound around the wheel of the winch and attached to the wheel, which is such that relative slippage between the cable and the wheel does not occur. In general, the operating means, i.e. the electric motor and the winch, are embedded in a dedicated machine room which is formed at the top or base of the system, depending on the space available.

According to a second known technique, the winch and the electric motor are mechanically connected by means of a transmission belt, which acts on two pulleys mounted to the electric motor and the winch, respectively, preferably in the form of a poli-V with teeth formed.

In both cases there is an emergency brake that is activated in the event of a fault and, if necessary, allows the lift car or elevator to be placed on the floor.

The technical solutions outlined above have several disadvantages.

First, the energy consumption of the electric motor is independent of the size of the load to be lifted. Thus, considerable energy is consumed even when the car or elevator does not carry passengers or goods.

Second, if the electric motor malfunctions, the car and / or elevator will stop immediately, making the system unusable.

Another disadvantage is that the potential energy associated with the lifts of the descending and braking stages cannot be used or recovered at all, resulting in a reduction in the energy efficiency of the system.

The present invention relates to an actuating device comprising at least one winch and for operating a car or moving platform, and more particularly to an actuating device for lifts and / or elevators.

These and other features will be more readily and clearly understood from the following description of the preferred embodiment, which is illustrated as an example and not as a limitation on the accompanying drawings.

1 is a front view of a first embodiment of the operating device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view, partly in cross section, of the actuating device shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

3 is a front view of a second embodiment of the actuating device according to the invention.

4 is a side view, partly in cross section, of a third embodiment of an operating device according to the invention;

The object of the present invention is the aforementioned disadvantages using an operating device, in particular an operating device for lifts and / or elevators, for operating a car or moving platform which can optimize the electrical energy consumption by varying the operation in accordance with the load to be lifted. It is to relieve them.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an operating device that can convert and recover potential energy associated with lifts in the descending and braking stages to other forms of energy to improve the energy efficiency of the system.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an operating device which reduces maintenance costs and at the same time is reliable and suitable for current safety regulations.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an operating device which can be applied directly to a lift car or elevator to reduce the size of the machine room or to eliminate all of the machine room.

These objects are characterized by the claims set out below and in particular comprising a plurality of actuators acting on the winch to actuate the winch and means for operating the actuators independently of one another. Or by an operating device for operating the movable platform, in particular an operating device for lifts and / or elevators.

Referring to the drawings, an actuating device for operating a car according to the invention, in particular an actuating device for a lift and / or an elevator, is indicated by the reference numeral 1 throughout the drawing and includes a form comprising at least one winch 2. It is coming true.

The actuating device 1 comprises a plurality of actuators, which are preferably composed of an electric motor 3 acting on and actuating the winch 2, the winch having motors 3 independent of each other. Means (not shown) for actuation are provided.

According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, there are four electric motors which are identical to each other, which are arranged 90 ° apart from each other along the circumference of the wheel 2a constituting the winch 2. In particular, each motor 3 is provided with a roller 4 which applies a certain friction to the ring 2b located inside the winch 2 along the circumference of the wheel 2a. The electric motor 3 may be a direct current and / or single or three phase "brushless" induction motor and / or a synchronous reluctance motor. According to another embodiment shown in FIG. 3, an embodiment is shown in which an electric motor having different dimensions and outputs all operating at the same rotational speed is used in the same system. In the embodiment shown there are three electric motors, which are located approximately 120 ° apart from each other along the circumference of the wheel 2a.

The means for operating the electric motor comprises at least one electronic control circuit for instructing the start of the motor of the predetermined number of motors 3 according to the load to be lifted, and measuring the load to be lifted and measuring the measurement to the electronic circuit. Means for sending. In a preferred embodiment, said means for measuring the load to be lifted comprises an electronic transducer, typically a load cell, or optionally a conventional dynamometer.

In order to optimize the electrical energy consumption in various load loading states, it is possible to start one or more motors (the motors can have different outputs) according to the predetermined load level. For example, for a car with a load limit of 630 kg and three electric motors, only one motor is started for a load level of 200 kg or less and 2 for a load between 200 kg and 400 kg. Motors are started and all three motors are started for load levels exceeding 400 kg.

The electric motor 3 is preferably controlled according to two optional modes, namely distributed control and centralized control.

In distributed control, a regulator is provided in each motor which is operated and controlled by the electronic control circuit.

In centralized control, on the other hand, all motors are controlled by the same regulator, and the electronic control circuit mentioned above determines which motor will be operated.

These regulators are electrical circuits that can control the position, speed and torque of the motor by means of a suitable regulating system consisting of the following two types of functional blocks:

-Open loop without measuring sensor and without feedback circuit.

Closed loop with measuring sensor associated with the feedback circuit.

In yet another embodiment, the regulator may include both types of controls briefly described above.

The actuating device 1 can be operated and at least one acting on the winch 2 when at least a relative slip between the winch and the electric motor occurs or when a malfunction is caused by a mechanical failure or lack of power, for example. It also includes a safety brake (5).

The operating device 1 is equipped with electronic means for controlling and maintaining the operation of the brake 5 in accordance with the relative degree of slip between the winch 2 and the electric motor 3. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 2 and 4 the brake 5 is in the form of a disc, but in other embodiments a block brake may be used.

During the lowering of the car, the electric motor 3, which uses the mechanical work obtained by the potential energy of the car or elevator, generates electrical energy that can be reintroduced directly into the mains or stored in the battery.

Optionally, the motor 3 is electrically powered during the descent so that the motor can apply braking action to the car and / or the elevator.

Finally, the actuating device 1 comprises at least one battery for powering the electric motor 3, so that the system can supply power by itself even if the power supply is cut off from the electric main line. In particular, the battery may be in various other forms, for example lead, gel, nickel-cadmium or lithium ions.

As shown in FIG. 4, the electric motor acts directly on the circumference of the winch 2 and can be located vertically, horizontally, outside the winch or inside the winch.

Important advantages are achieved according to the invention.

First, by using an actuating device in which the quantity of the motor can vary according to the load to be lifted, the electrical energy consumption is optimized and at the same time the power loss is reduced, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the system. Using the proper motor start logic can reduce the heat and wear of the motor mechanical parts and improve the reliability.

Second, the use of the actuating device makes it possible to at least partially recover the potential energy associated with the lift of the descending and braking stages. In particular, the energy recovery may be in such a way as to generate (simultaneous) the electrical energy to be reintroduced into the ship or in the manner of generating electrical energy to be used to charge the storage battery and / or one or more batteries.

Another advantage is that since a large number of electric motors can be provided in the operating device, by installing an extra number of motors, the system can still operate correctly even if one motor fails, further improving its reliability. Is that you can.

Preferably, the maintenance cost is reduced by the provision of multiple motors, since the probability that multiple motors fail at the same time is significantly lower than the probability that one motor fails.

Another advantage is that since the operating device can be applied directly to a lift car or elevator, the size of the machine room can be reduced or the machine room can be eliminated.

Claims (10)

In an actuating device for operating a car or movable platform, in particular an actuating device 1 for lifts and / or elevators, comprising at least one winch 2, A plurality of actuators (3) acting on the winch (2) to operate the winch; Means for operating the actuators (3) independently of each other. The method of claim 1, The actuator (3) is an electric motor. The method of claim 1, Means for actuating the actuator 3 include at least one electronic control circuit which instructs the operation of the actuator 3 of a predetermined quantity according to the load to be lifted, and measuring the load to be lifted and sending the measured values to the electronic circuit. An actuating device comprising means for. The method of claim 3, Operating device, characterized in that it comprises a single regulator which acts on all actuators and is controlled by electronic circuitry. The method of claim 3, And a plurality of regulators, one for each actuator (3), each regulator being controlled by an electronic circuit and acting on a corresponding actuator (3). The method of claim 2, At least one safety brake 5 which can be actuated and acts on the winch, at least when a relative slip occurs between the winch 2 and the electric motor 3 or when a malfunction occurs, and the relative slip and malfunction And electronic means for controlling and maintaining the operation of the brake (5) according to the degree of. The method of claim 2, At least one battery for powering the electric motor (3). The method according to claim 2 or 7, The electric motor (3) is characterized in that during the lowering of the car and / or the elevator, it generates electrical energy which can be used directly on board the ship or stored in the accumulator and / or battery. The method of claim 2, Power can be supplied to the motor (3) while the car or platform is descending so that the motor can apply a braking action to the car or platform. In lifts and / or elevators, Lift and / or elevator, characterized in that it comprises an actuating device (1) for actuating the car or platform according to any one of the preceding claims.