KR20040055579A - Die-casting apparatus for vertical press - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a die-casting apparatus for a vertical press, whereby it is possible to achieve a considerable reduction of the die-casting cycle compared to the known vertical presses, and to achieve extremely limited cycle times, comparatively similar to or shorter than those of the horizontal presses. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus comprises a first rotary table(11) for supporting metal injection units(13); a second rotary table(12) for supporting bottom die members(14); the first and second rotary tables being partially overlapped and arranged to allow, upon their indexed rotation, a superimposition of each bottom die member with a respective injection unit, and their alignment with an upper die member(17) in a metal injecting station of the press; first and second indexing means(15,16) being provided to sequentially rotate the first and second tables to bring each bottom die member and each injection unit around a number of respective workstations comprising the metal injection station of the press; each of the bottom die members and each of the injection units being movably supported from a lower disengaged position, and an upper position in which both the injection unit and the bottom die member are engaged and urged upwards against a stack of laminations (P) of a rotor, in their aligned position with the metal injection station of the press, wherein each injection unit comprises a sleeve(19) and a plunger(20) axially movable in the sleeve, and the apparatus comprises cooling means for cooling the bottom die members; disengageable gripping means for gripping a biscuit on the plunger of each injection unit; and first and second control means(28',28",32) selectively operable to sequentially raise the sleeve against a bottom die, and the plunger in the metal injecting station, respectively to lower the plunger and the sleeve of the injection unit causing the removal of the biscuit from the bottom die member, moving back inside the injection sleeve, and disengagement of the injection unit from the die member in the metal injection station of the casting press.

Description

Die-casting device for vertical presses {DIE-CASTING APPARATUS FOR VERTICAL PRESS}

The present invention relates to a die casting apparatus for vertical presses and in particular to an apparatus for die casting electric motors in the form of cages for small and medium-sized motors. Small and medium size motors are to be understood as meaning motors having rotors with diameters in the range of 25-200 mm.

Small and medium size motors are widely used in some applications, for example in the field of automatic propulsion to operate various servo machines.

In terms of limiting or limiting large-scale consumption and minimum production costs, nowadays there is a tendency to use horizontal presses with several independent dies or multiple die assemblies. Each die is axially aligned with a die corresponding to the opposite side to clamp one or more stacks of steel stacks defining the body of the rotor.

Each die communicates with the matching annular grooves in the other die through longitudinal slots or holes in a stack of rotor stacks infused with molten metal, for example aluminum alloys, to form short circuit rings with the longitudinal bars of the cage for circulation of current. One or more grooves are provided.

Horizontal multiple presses allow high power in a relatively short cycle time and at a commercially acceptable cost. For example, a press with a die with 12-14 cavities for the manufacture of a 25-35 mm diameter rotor allows a 35-40 second operating cycle, corresponding to an output of 2.5-3.3 seconds per rotor.

However, horizontal presses have a number of limitations and drawbacks, such as heavy molds and difficulties in maintenance, which are difficult to oversize. In addition, a large force of approximately 300-600 tonnes is generally required to clamp the mold in a vertical press.

Single-position vertical die casting presses are also disclosed, for example, in US-A-4,088,178 and US-A-4,799,534; The presses have a less cumbersome construction in the horizontal thread and require less force and pressure to clamp the mold.

In general, presses of this type comprise an inclined or horizontally movable injection unit consisting of an injection sleeve for receiving molten metal and a plunger or piston means for injecting molten metal into the forming cavity of the die; However, this type of press has the drawback of having a relatively long cycle time and having low productivity, especially in casting small and medium diameter rotors.

To partially overcome this drawback, US-A-3,315,315 and US-A-3,866,666 propose the use of a vertical press with a rotary table for supporting multiple die means and a single injection unit; Although this type of press can achieve a suitable automated furnace, their operating cycles are relatively long with low output capacity compared to horizontal presses.

The most recent prior art US-A-5,660,223 is a stationary lower die located on a table where the frame, one rotary table supporting a plurality of injection units and an upper die means for clamping a stack of metal stacks into which molten metal is injected are arranged. A vertical die casting press comprising means.

The lower die means provides a diecasting mold that is triggered against the metal distributor or gate plate and with the injection unit over time to be in the metal transfer station of the press with the upper one; Indexing control means controls the movement of the rotary table to move each injection unit between the metal transfer station and the workstation containing the molten metal and into the die mold.

Partially chlorided injection residues or biscuits in the sprue foles of the gate plate that remain attached to the dovetail slots that are inferior to the upper side of the plunger as described in the literature, By the injection sleeve.

When the table shows rotation, the biscuits are transferred to a metal receiving station, where the biscuits are first removed by the pressing device before the molten metal is freshly supplied to the sleeve.

However, such end presses require that the operating parts necessary for die casting of the rotor, in particular cleaning operations for the die, metal redstack loading, injection of molten metal, casting of the rotor and separation of the biscuits, are subsequently subjected to casting cycle times. It does not provide a clear reduction in mold cycle time in that it carries out the accompanying time in the same increased metal transfer station.

In addition, all die clamping forces are transferred directly to the axis of rotation of the support table, resulting in high stresses of the same table and axis of rotation due to bending moments that can cause deformation or malfunction of the press. therefore,

In particular, there is a need to improve the press of this type in such a way that small and medium sized rotors are shorter or relatively the same as the horizontal presses involved and achieve shorter cycle times for casting compared to known vertical presses. There is also a need to provide a vertical die casting press with high ergonomics to facilitate the operator's work during the maintenance operation of the casting and press.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a die casting device for die casting of a vertical press, in particular a cage-type electric rotor. It is thus possible to achieve significant reductions in diecasting cycles compared to known presses and extremely limited cycle times which are shorter and relatively similar than horizontal presses.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for die casting of an electric rotor having high ergonomic properties for ease of use and maintenance by the operator.

1 is a front view of a vertical press provided with a device for die casting of a cage-type electric rotor according to the invention;

2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 with an injection plunger in the deployed position;

3 is an enlarged view similar to FIG. 2 with the sleeve of the injection unit in a raised position relative to the biscuits and the lower die means in the sleeve;

4 is an enlarged view similar to FIG. 2 with an injection unit in its lower position;

5 shows an injection unit coinciding with a station for removal of a biscuit.

FIG. 6 is another enlarged view of FIG. 1 showing the rotor and rotor breakout device clamped between the upper and lower die means. FIG.

7 is an enlarged view of FIG. 6.

8 is another enlarged view of FIG. 6.

9 is a cross-sectional view of the lower die casting means.

10 is a plan view of a rotary table for moving and supporting the lower die means and the injection unit around each workstation of the press;

11 is a control flowchart of the die casting apparatus of FIG.

* Code Description

10: frame 11: first rotary table

12: second rotary table 13: injection unit

14: lower die means 15: first display means

16: second display means 17: upper die means

18: control unit 19: injection sleeve

20: plunger

The main feature of the invention is that the injection unit is axially movable relative to the support table, one of the rotary tables aligns each die means having the corresponding injection unit in the metal injection station and the die and the injection unit in the other working station of the press. Die casting of an electric rotor comprising a rotary table for supporting a plurality of metal injection units, which are arranged and positioned partially overlapping one another in order to move the means, and a rotary table for supporting a plurality of lower die means which are angularly spaced from each other. To a die casting apparatus of a vertical press.

Each injection unit is axially alignable with the upper die means corresponding to the center injection or metal transfer station and the corresponding lower die means under the control of the indication means to move the two table steps in a simultaneous step.

In particular, each injection unit is supported to be able to move axially with respect to each table between the raised and lowered positions, which are tightly pressed against the lower die means.

Although the above solution significantly improves productivity for conventional vertical presses that are competitive compared to horizontal presses for casting rotors of 200/250 or the same diameter, diameters ranging from 25-200 mm, for example The press is suitable for small and medium sized rotors and at the same time there is a problem to provide this type of press which is competitive with horizontal presses in terms of productivity.

According to the present invention, the above problem can be solved by providing a die casting apparatus for a vertical press including the following requirements.

The device is:

A first rotary table for supporting a plurality of metal injection units;

A second rotary table for supporting a plurality of lower die means;

The first and second rotary tables are partially overlapped and aligned to allow overlapping of each die means with each injection unit on the indicated rotation and alignment of the press with the upper die means in the metal injection station;

First and second indicator means are provided to rotate the first and second tables to bring each lower die means and each injection unit around a plurality of each workstation including a metal injection station of the press;

Each lower die means and each injection unit are moved from the lowered position and the two injection units and the lower die means are moved from the upper position connected and pressed up against the stack of rotors in a position aligned with the metal injection station of the press. Is supported so that.

The above features according to the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. The general features of the invention are described in the preferred embodiments.

A vertical press formed with a die casting device for molding a cage of an electric rotor as shown in FIG. 1 supports the first rotary table 11 and each second rotary table 12 arranged to rotate along each vertical axis. Frame 10; The second table 12 is arranged at a position partially overlapping the first rotary table 11.

The second table 12 supports a plurality of lower die means 14, while the first table 11 carries a plurality of matching units 13 to bring around a matching number of workstations as follows. I support it.

Each injection unit 13 can move axially with respect to the table 11 between the lowered and raised positions relative to the lower die means 14 corresponding to the central injection or metal transfer station shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The electric rotor in the form of a cage usually comprises a stack of metal stacks (P) and a metal cage for current circulation; The cage includes a plurality of bars extending longitudinally in slots of the stack stacked between short circulation rings at their ends.

Each table 11, 12 has a respective motor-power display control means 15 which moves and stops each injection unit 13 at a displacement in which the corresponding lower die means 14 and the upper die casting means 17 are axially aligned. 16, coincide with the metal transfer station for injecting molten metal into the die stack and the stacked stack clamped between the lower die means and the upper die casting means.

In order to reduce the stress on the upper rotary table 12, the lower die means 14 tightly stacks P against the support door upper die means 17 in a short vertical movement so that they can be moved by the same table 12. To clamp.

This can be done as shown in FIGS. 12 and 9 by forming an annular flange 63 on each lower die means 14 which is held against the lower shoulder 64 seated in the rotary table 12 during a short vertical movement. have.

The annular flange 63 has a smaller gap 65 in the lowered state shown in FIGS. 4 and 9 compared to the upper stop ring 66 to allow for the vertical motion described above to be smaller than the seat height. The same upper die means 17 is supported for up and down movement by the control unit 18, which in turn is connected to the frame of the press.

Rotary tables 11 and 12 are preferably in the form of a maltese cross having a matching number of injection units and four opposite diameter arms supporting each die means, as shown in FIG.

In the example shown, the lower rotary table 11 is adapted to support four injection units 13 at an angle of 90 °, axially in the sleeve and the injection sleeve 19, each containing a measured amount of molten metal. And a movable plunger 20.

Thus, the upper rotary table 17 supports four lower die means 14 spaced at 90 ° angles. Each injection sleeve 19 is spaced apart slightly from the overlapping table 12 with the raised position shown in FIG. 2 pressed against the lower die means 14 of the rotary table 12 within the metal injection station. You can move between the lower positions shown in.

The sleeve 19 is guided axially in a vertical moment by a guide bush 21 extending from the rotary table 11.

For example four rods 22 coincident with a number of square corners extend downward from the sleeve 19; The rod 22 has an end connected to a forward flange 23 designed to be connected in rotation of the lower table 11 with static gripping means 24. The gripping means 24 is in the form of fork means comprising two brackets 25 fixed to the upper side of the support bush 26; The bush 26 is connected to the first control means via a support plate 27 which is laterally mounted to the support bush 26.

The first control means comprises, for example, two hydraulic cylinders 28 ', 28 "arranged parallel and symmetrically about the vertical axis of the press under plate 27; the hydraulic cylinders 28', 28". The frame 10 of the press connects with the side end of the support plate 27.

A thrust plunger having a rod 20 'connected by the neck position 29' to the widened head 29 slides in each injection sleeve 19; The neck position 29 ′ and head 29 are in turn connected with movable gripping means 30 connected to the second control means at the indicated rotation of the table.

A gripping means is formed at the upper end of the plunger 20 for gripping the remaining metal biscuits formed by the plue holes 14 'of the die means 14 which are insufficient due to the solidification of the molten metal previously injected. do.

The gripping means for the biscuits comprise a dovetail slot 20 "extending and tapered to at least one side at the front of the plunger which is separated or converged in a radial form. Movable gripping means as shown in Figs. 30 shows the rod 31 of the second control means such as the hydraulic control cylinder 32 fixed under the plate 27 at the center position between the two side cylinders 28 ', 28 "of the first control means. It is fixed at the top.

The cylinders 28 ′, 28 ″ are located laterally and at the same height as the second control means 32 for the injection unit 13 and thus the overall height of the device as well as the low arrangement of the rotary tables 11, 12. The ergonomic properties of the device being cast are improved in that a certain reduction in the ease of operation of the operator is achieved.

As shown in FIG. 6, the raising and lowering unit 18 for the upper die means 17 is formed with a bush 33 for receiving a stack stack P of the electric rotor; The bush 33 having the die means 17 and the lower die means 14 together define a die casting mold.

Each lower die means 14 and upper die means 17 may comprise one or more annular cavities for casting a matching number of rotors. In particular, up to four cavities for each lower die means 14 can be formed, for example for a small size, for example a rotor of 30 mm, for example for a larger size rotor of only 60 mm.

The lifting and lowering unit 18 shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 includes cylindrical sliding means 340 for supporting the housing bush 33. The sliding means 33 is at the top of the support frame 10. It can move vertically along the guide hole in the crosspiece 10 '.

The sliding means 34 are in turn operatively connected with the removal means from the rotor from the housing bush 33 upon completion of the injection step and solidification; The rotor removal means comprises a first linear actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder 35 having a hollow piston 36 and a hollow piston rod 37, the side of which is connected to the upper die means 17 of the die casting mold.

The cylinder 35, which supports the sliding means 34 and the housing bush 33, has a cross bar on two hydraulic cylinders 39 ′, 39 extending upward from the upper crosspiece 10 ′ of the frame 10. Connected by 38).

The tubular piston rod 37 constitutes a guide for the means for removing the rotor from the upper die means 17 in the breakaway type; The rotor removing means comprises a bar 41 extending coaxially to the cylinder 35; The bar 41 is connected at the upper end with the piston 40 of a single working cylinder. For example, a pressing element 42 in the form of an inverted ball-shaped element is formed at the lower end of the bar 41 which presses down on the stack of magnetic stacks P of the rotor which removes the same from the die means 17.

The side lock 43 is provided to lock the sliding means 34 and then the housing bush 33 when pressed against the lower die means 14 upon injection of molten metal.

The diecasting device also includes means for supporting the edge of the rotary table 12 at the injection or metal transfer station, as well as the weight of the movable element of the lifting unit 18 during discharging the rotor from the housing bush 33. To prevent the magnetic stack stack from forming during insertion into the furnace; The support means face toward the edge of the table 11, for example in the form of a vertical arm 44 connected to the crosspiece 10 ′ of the frame 10 to support and connect it. The fork-shaped element 45 is formed at the lower end.

The apparatus also includes means for forced circulation of the cooling fluid to cool the bottom die such that heat is more sufficiently diffused. This achieves rapid solidification of the molten metal.

As shown in FIG. 9, each lower die means 14 is formed with a channel 46 for circulation of the cooling fluid supplied by the pressurized fluid resource 47 through a rotary connection, not shown. This speeds up the solidification of the biscuits to be removed and removed from the bottom die 14 as far as possible.

In order to facilitate the cooling of the rotor, the housing bush 33 is also formed with channels for the circulation of fluid, not shown, which can affect the temperature without descending quickly so as not to impair the metallurgical properties. The die-casting apparatus described above results in a dramatic reduction in cycle time and an increase in output due to a working procedure specifically designed to improve the characteristics of the apparatus itself.

In particular, the inner injection unit 13 supported by the rotary table 12 can move in turn to work stations A1, A2, A3 and A4 in FIG. 10 in which the following operations can be performed simultaneously:

A1- The sleeve 19 at the work station is supplied with a measured amount of molten metal obtained from an unshown melting converter placed after the casting device;

A2- At the work station, by using the rotation of the table 12, each sleeve 19 and plunger 20 are first operatively connected with their respective hydraulic control cylinders 28 ', 28 ", and metal When it comes to the line with the raising unit 18 of the upper die means 17 in the injection station, at A2 the sleeve 19 presses the same die 14 upwards against the stack stack P and the upper die means. To the lower die means 14 at an overlapping position.

The molten metal is then transferred into the mold by raising the plunger 20 which injects metal into the lower die 14 through the sprue hole 14 'and the pack of laminations P is transferred to the upper die means 14. Transported; Finally, according to the procedure shown to cause the release of the sleeve 19 from the same lower die 14 as the removal of the biscuit 48 in the sprue hole 14 'of the lower die 14, the preset cooling time After this has elapsed, the plunger 20 and the injection sleeve 19 are lowered.

A3- The biscuits 48 at the station are removed from the procedure 20 and applied to thrust means 50 actuated by their hydraulic cylinders 50 'shown in FIG. 5 turned sideways for the purposes shown. Is released to the chute by;

The A-angle injection sleeve 19 is cleaned and lubricated before returning from the station to the metal receiving station A1.

Thus, the lower die means 14 supported by the rotary table 12 can in turn be moved to various workstations B1, B2, B3 and B4 where the next operation is performed simultaneously.

The stack 14 of magnetic stacks P obtained from the conveyor 51 by the rotary arms 52 of the manifold is loaded on the B1- die 14;

B2- The stack of magnetic stacks P previously loaded at the workstation supports the bush 33 and the upper die means 17 to form an injection mold for the molten metal together with the lower die means 140. It is surrounded by a housing bush 33 by operating the unit 18;

B3- At the workstation, after removing the rotor R from the appropriate building cylinder 62 of FIG. 11, the rotor R is picked up by the rotary arm 53 of FIG. To the conveyor 54 on the side of the device opposite the conveyor 51.

B4- The lower die 14 is finally cleaned and lubricated after the casted rotor R is released.

According to the invention, the reduction of the casting cycle sizan is first achieved during the stripping and removal of the biscuits 48; In particular, when the molten metal is injected into the slot of the stack P and the cavity of the casting dies 14 and 17 in accordance with the injection metal stations A2 and B2, the cooling fluid is passed through the channel 46 in the die 14. The forced circulation affects the temperature of the lower die means 140 and rapidly cools. This allows the metal to shrink immediately, so that the biscuits 48 can be easily removed from the lower die 14.

In order to facilitate the movement of the plunger 20 in the sleeve 19, their temperature is influenced by the cooling fluid which is also circulated through the appropriate channel, not shown.

The plunger 20 is then first moved backwards as shown in FIG. 3 by operating the hydraulic cylinder 32 to disconnect the biscuit 48 from the short circulation ring of the rotor R. Subsequently, backward movement of the plunger 20 removes the biscuits 48 from the lower die means 14 and pulls out the biscuits inside the injection cylinder 19.

The injection sleeve 19 also actuates the hydraulic cylinders 28 'and 28 "to release it from the lower die 14 and lowers as shown in Fig. 4. Thus, the table 11 and 12 can be rotated. do.

The aforementioned lowering of the injection sleeve 19 can be performed simultaneously or upon withdrawal of the plunger 20 and allows the injection sleeve 19 to move rapidly within a few mm range, preferably between 1-10 mm.

In this way, the table 12 can be rotated to move the injection unit 13 from workstation A2 to A3 for removal and release of the biscuits 48.

According to the workstation described above for the removal of the biscuits 48, as shown in FIG. 5, it has two brackets 57 designed to connect the flanges 23 of each injection unit 13 during the rotation of the table 12. An actuating means such as a discharge cylinder 55 connected with a second or static gripping means 56 is provided.

Similarly, the head 29 widened at the rear end of the rod of the plunger 20 is in turn a second or movable member connected to the rod of the discharge cylinder 550 which is movable between the front and rear positions upon rotation of the table 12. In connection with the ripping means 58.

The discharge cylinder 55 is then biscuit 48 outside the injection sleeve 19 to remove the biscuit 48 by sliding the side thrust means 50 laterally until it is released from the dovetail gripping means 20 ". Can be controlled to raise the plunger 20 as far as is sufficient to raise ().

The deflection spring means 59 are for example said movable gripping means 58 to facilitate connection or disconnection between the second or movable gripping means 58 and the widened head 29 of the plunger 20. A helical spring that acts to move slightly forward is provided to coincide with its rearward position. This limits the dragging between the head 29 and the gripping means 58 and subsequent wear.

Once the molten metal has solidified, the rotor is removed from the housing bush 33 by simultaneously applying a first downward thrust on the rotor R supporting it against a lower die which allows the bush 33 to slide freely upwards. .

The short circulation ring of the rotor then acts on a stripping means for the rotor which causes the piston 40 to which the pressing element 42 is connected to descend to exert a second axial lower thrust on the stack of magnetic stack P so that the upper die means ( 17) are removed.

The upward movement of the bush 33 is then continued by actuating the hydraulic cylinders 39 'and 39 "to allow the upper table 12 to rotate to perform the release step and to perform the workstation B3 to move the rotor. .

The work steps are synchronized in rotation by performing the above-described respective operations simultaneously on each workstation A1, A2, A3, A4 and each workstation B1, B2, B3, B4, step by step or in display mode. The lower die means 14 support the table 12 and the casting unit 13 repeats the casting of the other rotor cyclically.

FIG. 11 shows a hydraulic control diagram of a die casting apparatus controlled by each solenoid valve 60A-60H, each hydraulic control cylinder receiving control signals from an electronic control unit CPU programmed to control the circulation operation of the apparatus. .

In particular, the hydraulic power unit 61 provides a pressurized emulsion for the solenoid valves 60A-60H that control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder of the device in accordance with the signal received from the CPU.

The CPU in turn accepts the indicated motion signal from the rotary tables 11 and 12 so that it is adjusted at various moments.

In addition, the CPU selectively removes the biscuits from the first control means 28 ′ and 28 ″ of the injection sleeve 19 and the rotor, and retracts the plunger 20 to the injection sleeve 19 to lower die means 14. It is programmed to operate the second control means 32 of the plunger 20 to remove it from the lower die 14 and to lower the injection sleeve 19 so that it is released from the lower die 14.

The following two comparative tables I and II, respectively obtained from the tests performed on the vertical press and the conventional horizontal press according to the present invention, show that the die casting apparatus according to the present invention is considerably more competitive than the conventional horizontal press.

Vertical press according to the invention Clamping force (ton) Rotor diameter (mm) Cavity number (n °) Cycle time (seconds) Rotor time (seconds) 25 25-35 4 9 2.25 25 40-45 2 9 4.5 25 45-70 One 9 9 35 60-90 One 12 12 50 75-120 One 15-25 15-25 100 125-180 One 30-45 30-45

Conventional horizontal press Clamping force (ton) Rotor diameter (mm) Die Cycle time (seconds) Rotor time (seconds) 300 25-35 12-14 35-40 2.5-3.5 300 40-50 6-8 40-45 5-7.5 400 55-70 6 45-50 7.5-8.3 500 60-90 4 45-55 11.25-13.75 600 95-120 2 60-70 30-35 600 125-180 One 70-100 70-100

From the above it is shown that the time obtained by the device according to the invention for casting each rotor for rotors of the same diameter is similar to the time in a horizontal press for rotors of small diameter and considerably shorter for larger rotors.

Therefore, when considering that the purchase of the vertical press according to the present invention compared to the horizontal press requires a smaller investment cost than the horizontal press, the vertical press apparatus according to the present invention further considers a smaller size and ergonomics for the operator It can be seen that it is a significant improvement over the conventional vertical press and horizontal press.

The drawings shown and described with reference to the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate the general features of the invention as well as the preferred embodiments; Accordingly, other variations and modifications of the device for casting the electric rotor are possible without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (11)

In a die casting die casting apparatus for die casting an electric rotor in a vertical press, The device, A first rotary table 11 for supporting a plurality of metal injection units 13; A second rotary table 12 for supporting a plurality of lower die means 14; The first and second rotary tables 11, 12 are partially adapted to allow the overlap of each die means with each injection unit 13 and the alignment of the press with the upper die means 17 in the metal injection station on the indicated rotation. Nested and aligned; The first and second marking means 15, 16 bring each lower die means and each injection unit 13 around a plurality of respective workstations A, B, including a metal injection station of the press. It is provided to rotate the second table (11, 12); The stacking of rotors in a position where each lower die means 14 and each injection unit 13 is lowered and two injection units 13 and lower die means 14 are aligned with the metal injection station of the press ( And die supported from the upper position to be connected and pressurized with respect to the stack of P). 2. The injection unit (13) of claim 1, wherein each injection unit (13) comprises a sleeve (19) and a plunger (20) axially movable within the sleeve, Die casting device, Cooling means (46, 47) for cooling the lower die means (14); Releasable gripping means 20 "for gripping the biscuits 48 on the plunger 20 of each injection unit 13: An injection unit for removing the biscuit 48 from the lower die means 14 moving backwards in the injection sleeve 19 and releasing the injection unit 13 from the die means 14 in the metal injection station of the casting press ( First and second control means 28 ′, 28 ″, 32 and plunger 20 which are selectively operable to raise the sleeve relative to the lower die 14 in a metal injection station which lowers the sleeve and plunger of 13. Die casting apparatus comprising a). 3. An injection sleeve (3) according to claim 2, comprising a programmable electronic control unit (CPU), said control unit (CPU) removing the biscuits (48) from the lower die means (14) and injecting sleeves by rearward movement of the plunger (20) 19) a die casting device, characterized in that it is programmed to actuate said first and second control means (28 ', 28 ", 32) to retract and release the injection sleeve (19) from the lower die (14). The method of claim 1, A housing bush 33 for the rotor slidably supported relative to the upper die means; Thrust means (40, 41, 42) provided and arranged to remove the rotor from the housing bush (33) to move the same housing bush (33) relative to the upper die means (17) of the press, respectively. Die casting device. 5. The thrust means (41) according to claim 4, wherein said thrust means (40, 41, 42) extend axially with control means (35, 36, 39 ', 39 ") for removing the rotor from the housing bush (33). Die casting apparatus comprising a). 6. Die casting apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the thrust means (41) is operably connected to a single actuated cylinder. 4. The control according to claim 3, wherein said control means (35, 36, 39 ', 39 ") for removing the rotor comprise first and second linear actuators (35, 36, 39', 39"), and said control Die casting apparatus, characterized in that the unit (CPU) is programmed for the first and second actuators operable while removing the rotor from the housing bush (33). 3. The static gripping means (56) for the injection sleeve (19) and axially movable gripping means (58) for the plunger (20) in the biscuit released between the metal receiving station and the metal injection station. And the static and movable gripping means are adapted and arranged to connect and disconnect each injection sleeve 19 and associated plunger 20 upon rotation of the support table 110 for the injection unit 13. Die casting apparatus. 5. The press unit according to claim 4, comprising a lower means (14) and an upper (17) die means of the press that coincide with the locking device (43) that locks the housing bush (33) while injecting molten metal into the stack of stacks (P). Die casting apparatus, characterized in that. 3. The control means according to claim 2, wherein the first control means (28 ', 28 ") for raising the injection unit (13) are arranged on both sides, and the second control means for the plunger (20) of the injection unit (13). Die casting apparatus, characterized in that disposed at the same height as. A support according to claim 1, wherein each lower die means (14) is movable by the rotary table (12) to make a short vertical movement with respect to the upper die means relative to the stop shoulder on the second rotary table (12) of the press. Die casting apparatus, characterized in that.