JP2002321047A - Equipment for casting mold - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an equipment for casting a mold, which has a simple and compact device to transfer the mold and which does not necessitate the stopping of operation when repairing and/or changing the mold. SOLUTION: The equipment comprises an injection to inject from below molten metal into a pair of molds 17 consisting of an upper mold 16 and a lower mold 14 for filling the mold therewith, an injection station 1 installed with a fixed plate 4 to lock the pair of molds 17 and a movable plate 7 for locking the molds capable of moving up and down by a molds locking apparatus 6, removing stations 2A and 2B equipped, respectively, with a mechanism 12 for opening and closing the molds which is set adjacently on both sides of the injection station 1, a molds transfer table 11 capable of mounting and fixing the pair of molds 17 and traveling between the stations, rails 5 for the locking part and rails 10 for the opening and closing part forming a guide part, and a transfer means to transfer the molds transfer table on the rails. The transfer means consists of a hydraulic cylinder 24 set to each station, which works as an actuator to push the center of the side of each molds transfer table 11 by one pushing rod 32.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shuttle type rigid die casting apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to shorten the casting cycle in a vertical injection mold casting apparatus, two sets of mold opening / closing units each comprising a mold and its temporary mold clamping mechanism are mounted on a bogie, and both sides of a central injection station are provided. The following two examples are proposed as a continuous casting apparatus that performs mold clamping and casting while alternately taking in and out from the so-called shuttle type vertical die casting machine, that is, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-9725 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-30841. Have been.

[0003]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-216, proposes a type in which two sets of mold opening / closing units are mounted on a long bogie extending from a mold clamping position to one external mold opening / closing position. However, since two sets of mold opening / closing units are mounted on one truck, if one mold opening / closing unit breaks down, there is a problem that the entire casting apparatus cannot be used during repair or replacement. Further, since the moving mechanism is a trolley on which two sets of mold opening / closing units are mounted, there has been a problem that the structure becomes large and complicated.
In the latter Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-30841, two hydraulic cylinders are provided in each of the molding stations disposed on the left and right of the injection station in order to move the carriage. Therefore, it is preferable that the driving of the hydraulic cylinders is synchronized when the carriage carrying the mold is moved from the molding station to the injection station. However, the hydraulic circuit pipes cannot be exactly the same, It is necessary to provide expensive circuit elements independently. Also, when the carriage is taken in and out between one molding station and the injection station, the two hydraulic cylinders belonging to the other molding station stop operating, and eventually each of the four hydraulic cylinders is used. It was difficult to operate efficiently in synchronization.

In Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-30841,
It has been proposed that a trolley equipped with a mold opening / closing unit is alternately taken in and out of the injection station from both the left and right sides, so that even if one of the mold opening / closing units fails, casting can be continued by the other mold opening / closing unit. .

[0005] However, this device also has some problems because the temporary mold clamping mechanism is mounted on the bogie. First, in order to support the weight of the temporary mold clamping device and the mold, it is necessary to make the structure of the truck robust and to increase the size of the truck itself. Second, the larger truck, temporary mold clamping device and mold
Since the point moves, there is a problem that the moving device and the support portion are greatly consumed and the life of the device is short. Third, it is necessary to move a hydraulic hose for controlling the temporary mold clamping device in accordance with the movement of the temporary mold clamping device. For this reason, there are problems such as difficulty in disposing the movable hose and interference between the movable hose and other parts.

An object of the present invention is to provide a mold casting apparatus which has a simple and small structure of a mold moving apparatus and which does not stop the apparatus even when repairing or replacing a mold. .

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a mold casting apparatus according to the present invention comprises a pair of molds each including an upper mold and a lower mold constituting moving and fixed molds. An injection station equipped with an injection device for injecting and filling molten metal from below, a mold clamping fixed plate for the pair of dies, and a mold clamping movable plate that can be moved up and down by a mold clamping mechanism, and on both left and right sides of the injection station, respectively. Equipped with an unloading station equipped with a mold opening / closing movable platen that is provided adjacent to the mold opening / closing fixed plate and the upper mold and can be raised and lowered by an opening / closing mechanism, and a pair of molds composed of the upper mold and lower mold A mold moving table fixed and movable between the stations, and a plan for moving the mold moving table between the unloading station and the mold moving table attached to a mold clamping fixed plate of the injection station. A mold opening / closing rail forming a portion, a mold opening / closing portion rail attached to a mold opening / closing fixed plate of the unloading station and forming a guide portion when the mold moving table is taken in and out of the injection station. A moving means for moving the mold moving table on each of the rails, the moving means comprising a single unit having a front end portion disposed so as to be able to press the center of a side end surface of the mold moving table. The push rod includes a push rod and a linear actuator that moves the push rod so as to be able to advance and retreat in the moving direction of the mold moving table.

A single hydraulic cylinder and a single cylinder rod can be used as the linear actuator and the push rod.

The mold clamping plate is formed so that its cross section has two grooves, and the end faces of the cross section are arranged to face each other in the direction of entry of the mold moving table. ,
A load holding mechanism is provided which is arranged in parallel in the two grooves of the mold clamping fixing plate, and which holds the lower surface of the same mold moving table at a position higher than the upper surface of the fixing plate when the mold moving table is mounted. When the movable platen for clamping is actuated, the lower surface of the table for moving the mold may be brought into contact with the upper surface of the fixed platen to receive the clamping force by the fixed platen for clamping.

The load holding mechanism has support means for elastically supporting a lower surface of the rail body constituting the mold clamping portion rail, and the upper surface of the rail main body when the mold moving base is mounted is the mold opening / closing. An adjusting means is provided for adjusting so as to be the same as the upper surface of the rail.

The upper die holding mechanism may be configured such that the upper die is attached to and detached from the movable platen for opening and closing the die.

An ejector mechanism for separating the casting from the upper mold may be provided. A hydraulic cylinder can also be used for the load holding mechanism.

The upper mold holding mechanism may use a clamp mechanism operated by a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0014]

According to the present invention, a mold opening / closing mechanism, a mold opening / closing movable board, and an upper mold holding mechanism are provided on a mold opening / closing fixed board of an unloading station adjacent to the injection station, and further, the mold opening / closing fixed board is provided on In the configuration where the mold is mounted via the mold opening / closing section rail and the mold moving base, the upper mold holding mechanism is operated, and after the upper mold is mounted on the mold opening / closing movable board, the mold opening / closing movable board is mounted. Raise it and open the mold. A release agent is applied to the inner surface of the mold by a spray device (not shown).

After the release agent is applied, the movable platen for opening and closing the mold with the upper mold is lowered, and the mold is temporarily clamped. After that, the upper mold holding mechanism is released and the movable platen for opening and closing the mold is moved upward. Breaks the connection with the type.
Next, the wire mesh previously placed at a predetermined position, that is, at the upper end of the rod of the insertion cylinder installed immediately below the center of the mold moving table, is moved upward to push the wire mesh into the vicinity of the inlet of the lower mold. This completes the preparation for the mold delivery at the unloading station.

After the mold is prepared for delivery, the pushing rod of the linear actuator constituting the moving device abuts and presses the mold moving platform on the mold opening / closing rail on which the mold is mounted, against the end surface of the mold moving platform. To slide on the mold clamping rail in the injection station and to enter the mold clamping fixed plate.

At this time, if it comes into contact with the mold moving table located on the other takeout station, further entry is prevented. When the approach reaches a predetermined position, the pressing rod retreats so as not to hinder the setting operation of the wire mesh for the next time.

In the injection station, the mold clamping movable plate is lowered to perform main mold clamping, and at the same time, melt is supplied into the injection sleeve and injected into the cavity. Here, it is also possible to simultaneously operate a squeeze mechanism for locally pressing the inside of the cavity in the movable platen for mold clamping.

In the other unloading station outside the injection station during the main mold clamping and pouring, preparation for sending out the other mold is performed in the same manner as described above.

When the cooling and solidification after the main clamping is completed, the movable platen for clamping is raised, and the moving table for the die is slid on the clamping rail by the operation of the moving device with the die mounted. It is retracted and moved on the mold opening / closing rail of the original unloading station. At this time, the tip of the push rod of the linear actuator provided on the other take-out station side abuts and presses against the side end face of the other mold moving base, so that the side end faces of both mold moving bases come into contact as shown in FIG. It moves together while holding a cast product that has been injected and cooled and solidified. The mold moving table on which the mold is mounted is stopped at the original position of the original unloading station.

Then, at the original take-out station,
After the upper mold holding mechanism is operated and the upper mold is clamped on the movable plate for opening and closing the mold, the movable plate for opening and closing the mold is raised to open the mold.

Next, the cast product is extruded by an ejector mechanism incorporated in the movable platen for opening and closing the mold, and the cast product is removed from the removal station by a product removal device (not shown).

When one of the molds is working at the unloading station, the other mold is cooled and solidified after the main mold clamping and casting on the injection station.

The above cycle is a casting step. When the mold is repaired or replaced with another mold, the mold can be taken out of the removal station if necessary.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a mold casting apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the same components are given the same numbers in the left and right extraction stations.

FIG. 1 shows a front view of an embodiment of a mold casting apparatus according to the present invention, in which an injection station 1 is arranged at the center, and unloading stations 2A and 2B are arranged on both sides thereof. Has become. Hereinafter, details of each part of the injection station 1 and the take-out stations 2A and 2B will be sequentially described based on FIG. 1 and with reference to FIGS.

(Injection Station) Injection Station 1
Is a vertical mold clamping device similar to a conventional shuttle mold casting device, as shown in FIG. In the injection station 1, a mold clamping fixed plate 4 and a mold clamping movable plate 7 are provided to face each other.
By moving the mold clamping movable plate 7 downward in the axial direction (the vertical direction in the figure is hereinafter referred to as the axial direction), the pair of dies 17 including the upper die 16 and the lower die 14 It is configured to clamp in the axial direction when mounted, and is disposed in the vertical direction so that the clamping axis is vertical. An injection device 3 is provided below the injection station 1 to inject the molten metal in a mold clamped state.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the fixing plate 4 for clamping is formed in a sectional shape having two grooves 35 on both sides of the center line CL, and is perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. In the direction, the mold clamping rail 5 is arranged in each groove 35. The fixed platen 4 for clamping is mounted on the rail 5 for clamping, and the movable plate 7 for clamping is paired to perform clamping in the axial direction by the clamping mechanism 6. As a result, the mold-clamping rail 5 contracts in the direction of the arrow, and as a result, the upper surface of the mold-clamping fixed platen 4 and the mold-moving table 11 are joined to be clamped.

The movable platen 7 for clamping is opposed to the fixed platen 4 for clamping and integrally with the clamping mechanism 6 so as to be vertically movable, and clamps the mold 17 in the axial direction.

The mold 17 is mounted and fixed on the mold moving base 11 in a pair with the upper mold 16 and the lower mold 14 constituting the movable and fixed molds. Injected through.

As shown in FIG. 2, the mold moving table 11 has a mold 17 mounted thereon and fixed between the injection station 1 and the unloading station 2A or 2B on the mold opening / closing section rail 10 and the mold clamping section rail 5. It is designed to slide and move. The driving source of the mold moving table 11 is the unloading stations 2A and 2
B, the hydraulic cylinder 24 is arranged such that the tip of the piston rod 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 24 presses the center of the side end face of the mold moving base 11 facing the rod 32. That is, in the unloading station 2B arranged on the right side of FIG. 2, the mold moving table 11 shows a state in which the rod 32 extends to the left, and the mold moving table 11 located in the left unloading station 2A. Is moved to the left until it is pushed by the mold moving table 11 on the right side and blocked by the stopper ST. Note that the stroke limit of the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder 24 may be used instead of the stopper ST. The movement in the reverse direction is performed in the same manner as described above. Here, the hydraulic cylinder constitutes a linear actuator in the present invention. Rod 32
Constitutes an extrusion rod in the present invention.

Further, the lower surface of the mold moving base 11 is separated from the upper surface of the fixed platen of the mold clamping fixed plate 4 to facilitate sliding. Further, at the time of mold clamping, the spring 19 contracts due to a large mold clamping force as shown in FIG. 5, so that the lower surface of the mold moving table 11 is in close contact with the upper surface of the fixed platen of the fixed plate 4 for mold clamping. The entire contact surface is configured to be able to withstand pressure against the mold clamping force.

The mold clamping rail 5 is provided with a groove 3 of the mold clamping fixed plate 4.
As shown in FIG. 5, the rail body 5 b which is provided on the lower surface 5 and is in contact with the lower surface of the mold moving table 11 is elastically supported by the spring 19. Further, the rail main body 5b is fixed to the mold-clamping fixing plate 4 by bolts 5a provided at a plurality of positions on a center portion thereof. At this time, the height of the upper surface of the rail body 5b crimped to the fixing member 34 is fixed to the fixing member 34 when the mold moving table 11 on which the mold 17 is mounted and fixed is mounted on the rail body 5b. The height of the upper surface of the mold opening / closing section rail 10 can be made equal to the height of the mold opening / closing section rail 10 by moving and adjusting the bolt 5a. Therefore, the mold clamping section rail 5 and the mold opening / closing section rail 10 are smoothly joined, and the mold moving table 11 can slide.

Here, the spring 19, the bolt 5a, the fixing member 34, and the rail body 5b constitute a mold clamping portion rail of the present invention, and the bolt 5a, the spring 19, and the fixing member 34 of the present invention. It constitutes a load holding mechanism for the rail main body 5b.

Note that the spring 19,
A hydraulic cylinder may be used in place of the bolt 5a and the fixing member 34, and the rail body 5b and the mold moving stand 11 thereabove may be supported from below by the tip of the piston rod.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the injection device 3 injects the molten metal supplied to the injection sleeve 33 from the molten metal holding furnace 30 via the electromagnetic pump 31 into the mold 17 from below after the mold is clamped. It is supposed to.

On the other hand, in the unloading station 2, as shown in the sectional view along the line BB in FIG. The mold is sent out, and on the other hand, the cast product after injection and cooling and solidification is taken out.

In the unloading stations 2A and 2B, a fixed plate 8 for opening and closing the mold and a movable plate 13 for opening and closing the mold are provided to face each other.
3 is moved downward, and a pair of molds 17 including the upper mold 16 and the lower mold 14 is axially clamped, or is moved upward to move the upper mold 16, and the mold clamping is performed. It is arranged in the vertical direction so that the axis is vertical.

A mold opening / closing rail 10 is provided on the upper surface of the mold opening / closing fixed plate 8 and faces the mold opening / closing movable plate 13. In this state, the upper surface of the mold opening / closing section rail 10 and the lower surface of the mold moving stand 11 are joined.

The mold opening / closing movable platen 13 is provided with an ejector mechanism 27 at an upper portion thereof, and is provided with an upper mold holding mechanism 25 at both ends, and is opposed to the mold opening / closing fixed plate 8 and integrally with the mold opening / closing mechanism 12. It is equipped to be able to go up and down. Then, the mold 17 is provisionally clamped in the axial direction by moving downward, and the upper mold 16 clamped by the upper mold holding mechanism 25 is moved upward, and the casting adhered to the upper mold 16 by the ejector mechanism 27. The product is taken out.

The ejector mechanism 27 is used for separating the casting from the upper die 16 moved upward.

The upper mold holding mechanism 25 presses the upper mold 16 against the mold opening / closing movable plate 13 by using a clamp mechanism so as to be movable together with the mold opening / closing movable plate 13. Although not shown, as a clamping mechanism, for example, a clamp piece utilizing the action of a lever is provided rotatably on a fixed shaft, and by pressing one end of the piece with the tip of a cylinder rod,
The other end of the piece may be configured to press the lower surface of the upper end of the upper die about the rotation axis. At this time, the piece may be moved outward from the lower surface after the clamp is released, so that the piece does not collide with the lower surface of the upper mold when the movable plate moves up and down.

Further, the clamp mechanism comprises a movable plate 1 for opening and closing the mold.
The upper part of the upper mold 16 is clamped at four points by using a driving force of a hydraulic cylinder or the like, and is fixed to the movable plate 13 for opening and closing the mold. Note that the clamping mechanism does not need to be installed at the injection station 1 since the mold opening and closing are performed only at the unloading stations 2A and 2B.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the rod 3 of the single hydraulic cylinder 24 is
2 shows an example in which the two leading ends are joined by a joining member 40 at the center of the side end surface of the mold moving base 11. In the case of this figure, each mold moving table 11, 11 has its own hydraulic cylinder 24, 2
4 allows independent movement. However, when the cylinder and the piston rod 50 for inserting the wire mesh are arranged below the fixed plate for opening and closing the mold in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface as shown by the broken line, the wire mesh 50A is inserted by a robot hand or the like that is usually used. The operation of carrying in and placing the cylinder cylinder 50 on the top surface of the tip from above is hindered by the rod 32, and in such a case, the rod 3
2 and the cylinder 24 must be arranged on both sides avoiding the position of the wire mesh 50A as in the prior art.

In this regard, in the example shown in FIG. 7, the rod 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 24 and the mold moving stand 11 are not connected, and the rod 32 only presses the mold moving stand 11 against its side end surface. By moving only the rod 32 in the extended state after moving to the predetermined position, the wire netting 50A can be set on the rod 50 from above. FIG. 8 is an enlarged detailed view of the mold moving stand 11 on which the upper mold 16 and the lower mold 14 are mounted, respectively, as viewed from the lateral direction. FIG.
0 are arranged so as to contact each other. This contact may be in full contact with the side end face 60, or may be in partial contact with any part thereof, but is preferably in partial contact.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention described in each claim.

For example, instead of the hydraulic cylinder, another drive means such as a combination of a motor and a rack and pinion or a combination of a screw and a nut may be used as the linear actuator.

[0048]

The mold casting apparatus according to the present invention comprises an injection device, an injection station equipped with a mold clamping fixed plate and a mold clamping movable plate which is raised and lowered by a mold clamping mechanism.
A pair of dies consisting of a lower die and an upper die are mounted and fixed in a die casting apparatus equipped with an unloading station equipped with a fixed plate for opening and closing the mold and a movable plate for opening and closing the mold that is raised and lowered by the die opening and closing mechanism. On the mold opening / closing section rail provided on the mold opening / closing fixed board, and left and right on the mold closing fixed board via the mold closing section rail provided on the mold closing fixed board. Since it is configured to be able to be taken in and out individually from both sides, it has a simple and small mold moving means, does not stop the apparatus when repairing or replacing the mold, and also has one take-out station In case of failure, it can be used during repair and replacement. Further, moving between the stations is a mold moving table on which a mold is mounted and fixed. There is no mold opening / closing mechanism, so that the structure can be reduced in size and simplified.

Further, since only the weight of the mold is supported, the mold moving table has a minimum necessary structure, and the mold moving table itself can be reduced in size.

Further, since the pair of smaller upper and lower molds and the mold moving base only move integrally, the wear of the moving device and the supporting portion is small, and the life of the equipment is extended.

In addition, a hydraulic hose for keeping the temporary mold clamping device from moving may be fixed, which solves problems such as difficulty in wiring the moving hose and interference between the moving hose and other parts. .

Further, the moving means may be a single push rod, the tip of which is disposed so as to be able to press the center of the side end surface of the mold moving base, and the pushing rod can be moved forward and backward in the moving direction of the mold moving base. And a linear actuator that moves the mold moving table, so that the synchronization of the movement of the mold moving table is ensured as compared with the conventional two-cylinder system.

Further, in the present invention, even when setting the wire mesh, it is possible to avoid obstruction of the pressing rod in the wire mesh setting operation by using the single push rod and using each linear actuator for pushing drive. It becomes possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a mold casting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view of the embodiment of the mold casting apparatus according to the present invention as viewed from the top of a mold moving table.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of an injection station in the embodiment of the mold casting apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of an extraction station in the embodiment of the mold casting apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a load holding mechanism in the embodiment of the die casting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 2 showing a portion where each mold moving base and a rod are connected via a connecting member;

FIG. 7 is a plan view of FIG. 2, showing the setting of the wire mesh and the arrangement of the rods and the mold moving base;

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a state in which the mold moving base is in contact with the base.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Injection station 2 Extraction station 3 Injection device 4 Mold clamping fixed plate 5 Mold clamping part rail 5a Bolt 6 Mold clamping mechanism 7 Mold clamping movable plate 8 Mold opening / closing fixed plate 10 Mold opening / closing portion rail 11 Mold moving stand 12 mold Opening / closing mechanism 13 Mold opening / closing movable plate 14 Lower die 16 Upper die 17 Mold 19 Spring 24 Hydraulic cylinder 25 Upper die holding mechanism 27 Ejector mechanism 30 Molten metal holding furnace 31 Electromagnetic pump 32 Piston rod 32a Member 33 Injection sleeve 34 Fixing member 35 Groove 40 connecting member 50 rod 50A wire mesh 60 side end face

Claims (8)

[Claims] An injection device for injecting a molten metal into a pair of upper and lower molds constituting a movable side mold and a fixed side mold from below, and a mold fixing plate for the pair of molds. An injection station equipped with a movable platen for mold clamping that can be moved up and down by a mold clamping mechanism, and a fixed platen for opening and closing a mold provided adjacent to each of the left and right sides of the injection station and the upper mold are mounted to move up and down by the opening and closing mechanism. An unloading station equipped with a movable platen for opening and closing a mold, a mold moving table capable of mounting and fixing a pair of dies including the upper mold and the lower mold and movable between the stations, A mold clamping portion rail which is attached to a mold clamping fixed plate and forms a guide portion when the mold moving table is taken in and out of the unloading station, and which is attached to a mold opening and closing fixed plate of the unloading station. A mold opening / closing section rail forming a guide portion when the mold moving table is taken in and out of the injection station; and a mold moving table moving means for moving the mold moving table on each of the rails. The moving means comprises a single push rod arranged such that a tip end thereof can be pressed at the center of the side end face of the mold moving table and the same pushing rod is moved so as to be able to advance and retreat in the moving direction of the mold moving table. A die casting device consisting of a linear actuator. 2. The die casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a single hydraulic cylinder and a single cylinder rod are used as the linear actuator and the pushing rod. 3. The mold-clamping fixing plate is formed so that its cross-section has a shape having two grooves, and the end faces of the cross-section face each other in the direction in which the mold-moving table enters. The rails are arranged in parallel in the two grooves of the mold clamping stationary plate, and hold the lower surface of the same mold moving stage at a position higher than the upper surface of the fixed plate when the mold moving stage is mounted. A mechanism, wherein the lower surface of the mold moving table is brought into contact with the upper surface of the fixed plate during operation of the movable plate for clamping to receive a mold clamping force by the fixed plate for clamping. The mold casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: 4. The load holding mechanism has support means for elastically supporting a lower surface of a rail main body constituting the mold clamping portion rail, and the height of the rail main body upper surface when the mold moving table is mounted is set to the height. 4. The die casting apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising an adjusting unit for adjusting the upper surface of the mold opening / closing unit rail to be the same as the upper surface. 5. The upper die holding mechanism allows the upper die to be attached to and detached from the movable platen for opening and closing the die.
The die casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. The die casting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an ejector mechanism for separating the casting from the upper die. 7. The die casting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the load holding mechanism uses a hydraulic cylinder. 8. The die casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper die holding mechanism uses a clamp mechanism operated by a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.