KR20030084147A - A test method for liquid fertilizer of animal manure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a method for determining livestock excrement as a liquid fertilizer by evaluating the residual concentration of the components which are left in the livestock excrement and harmful to plant growth. CONSTITUTION: The method is designed to evaluate the safety of a livestock excrement as a liquid fertilizer, to determine the storage time needed to stabilize livestock excrement to be used as a liquid fertilizer, or to determine the adequate dilution ratio of livestock excrement to be used as a safe liquid fertilizer. The method is characterized by using the results of germination obtained by seeding and culturing a plant seed consisting of a monocotyledoneae seed, a dicotyledoneae seed or both of them.

Description

A test method for liquid fertilizer of animal manure}

Livestock manure from livestock industry is known as one of the main contaminants in the natural environment, but on the other hand, it is reported that it is a usable resource, especially rich in fertilizers. The development of effective ways of using them has attracted much attention.

In order to utilize livestock manure as a liquid fertilizer, it is necessary to sufficiently remove the harmful substances remaining in the manure and the plant. As one of the removal methods currently used, long-term storage (about 5 months or more) is used.

Long-term storage of livestock manure requires the installation of large tanks. In other words, although excellent results have already been reported for the crop cultivation of livestock manure, which has been stored for a long time, it is empirically known that only a sufficient period of time is required for the safety of crops. Therefore, only the livestock manure stored for a long time as a liquid ratio, there is a problem that can not be used properly when necessary.

The present inventors have recognized that in order to more effectively use the livestock manure liquid ratio, a method for more quickly and objectively evaluating the safety of the livestock manure liquid ratio on plants has come to the invention. Since liquid fertilizer is used to promote the growth of plants, there is a need for a method for more sensitive and rapid determination of adverse effects on plants.

Since plants have the least resistance just before germination of seeds, the present inventors have established a bioassay of livestock manure liquor using germination tests of plant seeds. Bioassay (bioassay) of the present invention can be used as an evaluation method for determining the appropriate dilution ratio of the liquid ratio to minimize the effect on the plant as well as safety assessment of the stored livestock manure.

Even though animal manure contains a large amount of recyclable components, in Korea, livestock wastewater is defined as livestock wastewater, not a reusable resource.In the revised legislation, livestock manure is a liquid or solid pollution that is excreted by livestock. It is regulated as a substance and legislated by law. However, it can be a pollutant when polluting the natural environment without leaving it as a resource, but it can be recycled as a valuable resource when used as agricultural compost or liquid manure.

Livestock manure is recycled as agricultural fertilizer by processing in various ways, and various manufacturing processes, evaluations, and methods of use have been established for the manufacture and use of compost using livestock delivery, but the liquidity of livestock manure and urine is mixed. For the liquid fertilizer using the mixture, the manufacturing method, evaluation criteria of ineffectiveness, usage, etc. are not established. Particularly in the case of pig manure, the manure produced is a mixture of manure and urine, with a moisture content of more than 95%, and high content of degradable organic matter and nitrogen, which is severely affected by crops when applied to plants without sufficient decomposition. Of course, it is characterized by a strong odor when spraying crops. Therefore, in order to solve the effects on the crops and odor problems, the fermentation is enough for more than five months and is used as liquid fertilizer.

In Korea, the hog industry occupies a very important position in the primary industry. Currently, the total number of pigs that are being raised in Korea is about 8 million heads. Currently, most of them remain in full-time form, and the minimum unit of domestic pig farms is about 1,000-1,500. The amount of manure excreted per day (weight: 90-100 kg) per day is about 5.5 kg, and about 5.5 to 8.25 tons of manure occurs per day in the smallest pig farm. As a result, a huge manure storage tank with a capacity of 1,200 tonnes is needed to store approximately six months of manure, which requires considerable funding for the installation and operation of manure storage facilities.

Currently, the livestock manure treatment in Korea is carried out by ① disposal by ocean dumping, ② complete treatment by biological wastewater treatment method, ③ separation of manure and urine, solids are mixed with moisture control agent, and liquid is treated with wastewater treatment. The plant is completely treated and discharged, or fermented and used as a liquid fertilizer. Among these methods, dumping at sea is costly and internationally prohibited, requiring alternatives. On the other hand, most of the other treatment methods cannot be operated normally due to improper design and operation methods, although various facilities are distributed in rural areas under the financial and technical support of the government. Therefore, there is an urgent need for liquefaction of livestock manure, which is already used in developed countries for environmental conservation and livestock industry development.

Swine manure mixtures, which occur in livestock manure, especially pig farms, contain high ammonia, very low carbon (C / N) ratios, and are easily decomposed to organic matters. Inflicted. In other words, the crop is damaged by the high ammonia nitrogen content, and the crop is respiratory failure due to the generation of carbon dioxide due to the decomposition of organic substances that are easily decomposed. It is in a state. In this reduced state, metabolites such as organic acids produced by the metabolic activity of the degraded microorganisms also inhibit the growth of crops. In other words, measures to make pig manure are safe liquid fertilization, that is, the process of housing is necessary, and the purpose of housing is to ammonia at the same time as decomposition of easily decomposed organic substances contained in livestock manure so that rapid decomposition does not occur when manure is applied to crops. It is for safe use as liquid ratio by lowering the concentration. In addition, the manure during the fermentation process is sufficiently low viscosity of the manure, when sprayed on the leaves of the plant quickly flows from the leaves to solve the problem of carbon assimilation.

Therefore, the measuring method of the present invention can determine whether the concentration of the plant growth inhibitory substance contained in the livestock manure including pig manure is sufficiently low and whether the use of liquid fertilizer is safe. Since it is a material, the stability determination method of liquid ratio requires easy, quick, reliable, economical etc. In order to use livestock manure as a safe liquid fertilizer, the present inventors regard the concentration of plant growth inhibitory substance as a standard for safe liquid fertilization. Therefore, whether the livestock manure is safe as a fertilizer for livestock manure depending on whether or not it affects the germination of plant seeds The research and basic experiments showed that the present invention was able to be judged.

The present invention is used for plant seeds, monocotyledonous grass seeds and dicotyledons as a dicotyledonous plant, but it is easy to germinate, any plant seeds can be easily purchased. As a container for germinating plant seeds, in the embodiment of the present invention, a glass (inner diameter 90 mm) share was used, but any other container is acceptable. In addition, livestock manure to be tested is placed in the germination test container, and filter paper is used to prevent plant seeds from submerging in livestock manure. However, any method or any material capable of supporting plant seeds such as fiber and plastic may be used.

After putting filter paper on glass share and putting livestock manure, test plant seeds were placed on the filter paper and allowed to stand for 5 days in a room or incubator at or around 20 ℃, but depending on the characteristics of the plant seeds used, the incubation temperature and the test period were Depending on the degree of germination, it can be used as an index to determine the dilution rate for the safety of livestock manure or safety in use.

As for the safety evaluation method of livestock manure by germination test of plant seed, offer of stable usage of liquid fertilizer

Of course, it can be applied to the estimation of the storage period for the complete housing of livestock manure or to determine the appropriate dilution ratio of the liquid fertilizer to eliminate the damage caused by the plant growth inhibitory substances, to provide a safe indicator in the use of liquid fertilizer of livestock manure, The damage of crops from the use of incomplete livestock manure can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to determine the safe liquid costs in the livestock farms themselves, so it is possible to construct and operate only the minimum manure storage facilities necessary for the livestock farms.

[Example of invention]

[Example-1] A filter paper was placed on a glass (90 mm inner diameter) share, and 10 ml of pig manure was stored therein, and then 30 seedlings were seeded on the filter paper, and 5 days in a room at around 20 ° C. It was left to incubate. The seedlings started germination two days after incubation and more than 24 germinated within five days.

[Example-2] A filter paper was placed on a glass (90 mm inner diameter) share, and 10 ml of pig manure was stored therein, and then 50 seeded Korean turfgrass seeds were sown on the filter paper, Incubate for a day. Seeds of Korean turf were germinated 1 day after incubation, and more than 40 seeds were germinated within 3 days.

[Example-3] A filter paper was placed on a glass (90 mm inner diameter) share, and 10 ml of fresh pig manure collected from the barn pit was poured therein, and 50 prepared Korean grass seeds were sown on the filter paper, and the room was heated at around 20 ° C. Incubate for 5 days. Seeds of Korean grass began to rot from day 1 of culture, and all of them rot after 3 days of culture.

[Example-4] A filter paper was placed on a glass (90 mm inner diameter) share, and 10 ml of fresh pig manure collected from the barn pit was poured therein, and 30 prepared heat radish seeds were sown on the filter paper, Incubate for a day. The radish seeds started to rot from day 2 of culture, and after 5 days of incubation all of them rot.

[Example-5] A filter paper was placed in a glass (90 mm inner diameter) share, and 10 ml of a liquid 10 times diluted with fresh pig manure collected from the barn pit was poured therein, and 30 prepared thermal radish seeds were sown on the filter paper. Incubate for 5 days in the room before and after ℃. The seedlings started germination two days after incubation and more than 24 germinated within five days.

[Example 6] A filter paper was placed on a glass (90 mm inner diameter) share, and 10 ml of liquid 10 times diluted with fresh pig manure collected from the barn pit was poured therein, and 50 seeds of Korean turfgrass were prepared on the filter paper. It was left to incubate for 5 days at room temperature before and after 20 degreeC. Seeds of Korean grass started germination one day after incubation and more than 40 germinated within three days.

Claims (1)

[Range-1] A method for evaluating the safety of livestock manure by using germination results of plant seeds (singing monocots and dicots jointly or alone) [Range-2] Determination of the storage period of livestock manure for using livestock manure as a liquid ratio, using the germination results of plant seeds (singing monocotyledonous and dicotyledons jointly or alone) [Range-3] Method of use as safe liquid ratio by appropriate dilution ratio of livestock manure by germination result of plant seeds (single and dicotyledonous joint or single sowing) Jihae Castle (******-*******) ***-** Bungy * Floor, Yeonmu-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do Jeon Dong-ik (******-*******) **** Dong *** Rainbow Village, Middle East, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do ***